®Etiology:
® Acid burns (liquefaction necrosis) and alkali burns ( coagulation necrosis )
®Clinical manifestations According to the intensity of impact the degree of necrosis - adnexa –
conjunctiva- cornea anterior uveal irritation
v
®
®
®
®Treatment
®First aid ( mechanical removal of noxy , intensive water rinses ) surgical  - removal of necrotis
tissue
®Complications:  symblefara, leucoma, secondary glaucoma
®
®
®

®Chemical injuries
®Termic injuries
polept1 6 20

®Etiology:
® Effect of high temperature (explosion, burning , liquid , steam) IR and UV radiation.
®Clinical manifestations Depending on the degree of intensity of  acting noxy I. - IV. degree burns
( adnexa , conjunctiva , cornea) .
®
®treatment
®First Aid - cold compresses ,
®Targeted therapies - according to the degree of disability medical or surgical (necrosis )
Complications:
®Scarring ( eyelid and conjunctiva) and vascularization (cornea )
®
®
®

4 obr1 4



®Tear gas substances Gases , sprays, liquids
®
®Clinical manifestations Blepharospasm , epiphora , conjunctivitis , corneal epithelial damage
®Treatment: topic  ATB  epitelizancia
®
®Electricity
®
®The combination of thermal changes in the anterior segment of the eye, cataract formation

vInfrared radiation - heat damage
vUV radiation (electric arch, germicidal emitters , sunray , stay in the alpine environment - snow
) - Ophthalmia ELECTRICA Ophthalmia nivalis
vEyelid erythema , blepharospasm , epiphora , forein body sensation, pain , corneal epithelial
defects ( mikroerosions ) .
vTreatment - short term local anesthetics , antibiotics , epitelizancia
®Ionizing radiation - secondary damage to the eye during irradiation within the Cancer Therapy .
®Like symptoms of electric ophthalmia
® Cataractogenic effect -  local therapy of orbital tumors (doses above 30 Gy ) .
®Damage laser radiation - depending on the energy, wavelength and focusing - damage to the retina (
scarring ) .
®Damage to sunlight - solar retinopathy ( eclipse of the sun) - damage to the macula .
®