Sequences of operations – making fillings
• Amalgam
• Composite
• Glassionomer
Amalgam
Metal-like restorative material composed of
silver-tin-copper alloy and mercury.
Principle of setting: Crystallization
(Mercury dissolves the alloy – these intermetallic compounds set by
crystallization)
Principle of retentnion: Macroretention
Preparation
Extension for prevention
Retention:
Box with undercuts, grooves, pins
Resistance:
Thickness – 2mm occlusally, 3-4 mm when the cusp is replaced, appr.1 mm in
class V.
Mandibulary 7
Mandibulary 6
vestibulary
orally
First upper molar
Oblique ridge
Third molars - variable
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Study the contact area (contact point):
The axial walls (cavosurface margins) are
approx. o 0,5 mm vestibulary and orally
Over this area.
The contact of the treated tooth is made
of the restorative materials.
Axial walls
Gingival wall is parallel with the
cementoenamel junction
and it is situated appr.
0,5 mm below free gingiva.
Preparation
Extension for prevention
Retention:
Box with undercuts, grooves, pins
Resistance:
Thickness – 2mm occlusally, 3-4 mm when the cusp is replaced, appr.1 mm in
class V.
Box
Undercut
Cusp has been removed
The thickness of the filling
3 – 4 mm (at the cusp)
Retention
Grooves, pins, slots
Parapulpal pins
Intrapulpal posts (root canal posts)
Retention in the endodontic
cavity
Resistance
Depth 1,5 – 2 mm
The enamel is always supported with dentin
The cavosurface margin till ½ distance of the bottom
of the fissure and the cusp
No sharp edges
Resistance
• Proximal ridges must not be undermined!
• Enamel must be supported with dentine
• No sharp edges!
Definujte zápatí – název prezentace nebo pracoviště15
½ distance between the botom of the fissure and the
cusp
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Base is made usually
of zinkoxidphosphate cement
It is placed only on pulpal wall
Base
Mixing of amalgam
➢ Hand mixing (obsolete)
➢Power driven trituration
Amalgamators
Cup
Amalgam gun
Condensor
Amalgam gun
Crucible (cup)
Power driven condensation
handpiece
condensor
Instruments
➢Preparation instruments
➢Filling instruments
➢Carvers
➢Burnishers
Instruments
➢Preparation instruments - power driven
Burs
Diamonds
Instruments
➢Preparation instruments - hand
Chisel
Excavator
Amalgam carrier
Amalgam carrier
Condensor with flat front
Condensor and burnisher - spatula combined
Burnisher - spatula
Angular- trough edge trough face
Carver - Frahm
Carver - Sapin
Carver - Sapin
Carver Discoid-cleoid
Carver discoid-cleoid
Burnisher – spatula,
angular three face
Ball condensor – used as a burnisher at most
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Sapin
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Discoid-cleoid
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Amalgam carrier
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Carving
Burnishing