约会
    yuē    huì
    Dating
Li Xin Yu

同
    tóng
same; alike
王朋跟李友在同一个学校学习。
wáng péng gēn lǐ yǒu zài tóng yí ge xué xiào xué xí.
Wang Peng and Li You go to the same school.
他们在想同一个问题。
tā men zài xiǎng tóng yí ge wèn tí.
They are thinking about the same problem.

印象
 yìn    xiàng
                impression

For the use of the word 印象( yìn xiàng, impression), compare these two sentences:
李友对王朋的印象很好。
lǐ yǒu duì wáng péng de yìn xiàng hěn hǎo.
Li You has a very good impression of Wang Peng.
李友给王朋的印象很好。
lǐ yǒu gěi wáng péng de yìn xiàng hěn hǎo
Li You made a very good impression on Wang Peng.

成
  chéng
to become
他们成了好朋友。
tā men chéng le hǎo péng you.
They`ve become good friends.
他成了坏人。
tā chéng le huài rén.
He became a bad guy.

演
      yǎn
to show(a film); to perform

这个周末学校演一个中国电影。
 zhè ge zhōu mò xué xiào yǎn yí ge zhōng guó diàn yǐng.
 This weekend they`re showing a Chinese film at school.
放�
   fàng    yìng
      show
In this lesson
演电影(yǎn diàn yǐng, to show a film) is interchangeable with
放(映)电影(fàng [yìng] diàn yǐng,to show a film)
but in addition, 演电影(yǎn diàn yǐng) can also mean “to act in a film.”

费
      fèi
to spend; to take (effort)
我费了很大的力气才买到。
Wǒ fèi le hěn dà de lì qi cái mǎi dào.
It took a lot of trying.
你需要花(费)很多的时间才能看完这本书。
nǐ xū yào huā (fèi) hěn duō de shí jiān cái néng kàn wán zhè běn shū.
You need to spend a lot of time to finish this book.

力气
   lì         qi
     strength; effort
我费了很大的力气才买到。
Wǒ fèi le hěn dà de lì qi cái mǎi dào.
It took a lot of trying.
我力气很大。
wǒ lì qi hěn dà.
I have great strength.

就
      jiù
just; only(indicating a small number)

3. 就(jiù)
When used before a noun or pronoun, 就(jiù) means “only.” Often the noun or pronoun is modified by a
numeral-measure word combination.（就+numeral measure word+noun/pronoun)
1.我们班人很少，就七个学生。
    wǒ men bān rén hěn shǎo, jiù qī ge xué sheng.
    Our class is small, with just seven students.

2.今天功课很少，就五个汉字。
    jīn tiān gōng kè hěn shǎo, jiù wǔ ge hàn zì.
    There`s little homework today. Only five Chinese characters.

3. 就(jiù)
When used before a noun or pronoun, 就(jiù) means “only.” Often the noun or pronoun is modified by a
numeral-measure word combination.
3.我们一家五口，就你对味精过敏。
    wǒ men yì jiā wǔ kǒu, jiù nǐ duì wèi jīng guò mǐn.
    There are five people in our family. Only you are allergic to MSG.
4.三个房间我打扫了两个，就一个房间还没整理。
   sān ge fáng jiān wǒ dǎ sǎo le liǎng ge, jiù yí ge fáng jiān hái méi zhěng lǐ.
   I have cleaned two of the three rooms. Only one room hasn`t been tidied up yet.

俩
       liǎ
(coll.) two
就我(们)俩。
jiù wǒ (men) liǎ.
Just the two of us.
我(们)俩想一起去布拉格。
wǒ (men) liǎ xiǎng yì qǐ qù bù lā gé.
We want to go to Prague together.
俩(liǎ) stands for 两个(liǎng ge).

后天
hòu     tiān
the day after tomorrow
后天晚上八点。
hòu tiān wǎn shang bā diǎn.
The day after tomorrow, eight o`clock.

一言为定
     yì       yán      wéi     dìng
that settle it; that`s settled; it`s decided

一言为定(yì yán wéi dìng), which literally means “achieving certainty with one word,” is one of the
numerous four-character idioms that have their origins in Classical Chinese but continue to be on
the lips of almost every native speaker of the language.
一言为定
It`s a deal.(那我们就说好了。)

1. Descriptive Complements (II)
The subject of a sentence can be described by a complement following 得(de).
1.我们玩儿得很高兴。
   wǒ men wánr de hěn gāo xìng.
   We had a happy time playing.
   [We played. We were very happy.]
2.孩子笑得很可爱。
    hái zi xiào de hěn kě ài.
    The kid gave a very cute smile.
    [The child smiled, and the child looked cute.]

1. Descriptive Complements (II)
The subject of a sentence can be described by a complement following 得(de).
3.他打球打得很累。
    tā dǎ qiú dǎ de hěn lèi.
    He was worn out from playing ball.
    [He played ball, and he was worn out.]
4.他高兴得又唱又跳。
    tā gāo xìng de yòu chàng yòu tiào.
    He was so happy that he ended up singing and dancing.
    [He was happy, and he was singing and dancing.]

1. Descriptive Complements (II)
In the sentences above, the verb 玩(wán) ,笑(xiào) , and 打球(dǎ qiú) and the adjective 高兴(gāo xìng)
give the causes, while the complements 高兴(gāo xìng), 可爱(kě ài), 累(lèi) and 又唱又跳(yòu chàng yòu tiào)
describe the effects on the subject.
As shown in (1),(2), and (3), when an adjective serves as a descriptive complement, it is often
preceded by the adverb 很(hěn), just like a predicate adjective.
A complement describing the subject seldom appears in the negative.
4a 他高兴得没有又唱又跳。(X)
      tā gāo xìng de méi yǒu yòu chàng yòu tiào

2. Potential Complements (II)
得(de) or 不(bu) is placed between a verb and a resultative or directional complement to indicate
whether a certain result can be realized or not.
(Verb+不/得+resultative/directional complement）
1.跳舞太难，我学不会。
    tiào wǔ tài nán, wǒ xué bu huì.
    Dancing is too difficult. I can`t learn it.

2. Potential Complements (II)
得(de) or 不(bu) is placed between a verb and a resultative or directional complement to indicate
whether a certain result can be realized or not.
2. A: 你晚上六点半能回来吗？我等你吃晚饭。
         nǐ wǎn shang liù diǎn bàn néng huí lai ma ？wǒ děng nǐ chī wǎn fàn.
         Can you be back by 6:30 p.m.? I will wait for you for dinner.
    B: 我得开会，六点半回不来。
         wǒ děi kāi huì, liù diǎn bàn huí bu lái.
         I have a meeting, and can`t make it back by 6:30 p.m.

2. Potential Complements (II)
得(de) or 不(bu) is placed between a verb and a resultative or directional complement to indicate
whether a certain result can be realized or not.
(Verb+不/得+resultative/directional complement）
3.这张碟我今天看不完。
   zhè zhāng dié wǒ jīn tiān kàn bu wán.
    I can`t finish watching this DVD today.
4.那个字怎么写，我想不起来了。
    nà ge zì zěn me xiě, wǒ xiǎng bu qǐ lái le.
    I can`t remember how to write that character.

2. Potential Complements (II)
得(de) or 不(bu) is placed between a verb and a resultative or directional complement to indicate
whether a certain result can be realized or not.
5.健康保险太贵，我买不起。
    jiàn kāng bǎo xiǎn tài guì, wǒ mǎi bu qǐ.
    Health insurance is too expensive. I can`t afford it.

2. Potential Complements (II)
Potential complements usually appear in negative sentences. They are used in affirmative sentences
much less often, mainly in answering question that contain a potential complement, as in (6).
6. A: 这封中文信你看得懂吗？
         zhè fēng zhōng wén xìn nǐ kàn de dǒng ma ？
         Can you understand this Chinese letter?
    B: 我看得懂。
         wǒ kàn de dǒng.
         Yes, I can understand it.

2. Potential Complements (II)
The affirmative form and the negative form of a potential complement can be put together to form a
question.(Verb+不/得+resultative/directional complement）
7. 五十个饺子你吃得完吃不完？
     wǔ shí ge jiǎo zi nǐ chī de wán chī bu wán ？
     Can you eat fifty dumplings or not?

2. Potential Complements (II)
得(de) or 不(bu) is placed between a verb and a resultative or directional complement to indicate
whether a certain result can be realized or not.
8.老师说得太快，我听不清楚。
    lǎo shī shuō de tài kuài , wǒ tīng bu qīng chu.
    The teacher speaks too fast. I can`t hear [him] clearly.
8a.老师说得太快，我不能听清楚。(X)
      lǎo shī shuō de tài kuài, wǒ bù néng tīng qīng chu.

2. Potential Complements (II)
9.今天的功课太多，我做不完。
    jīn tiān de gōng kè tài duō, wǒ zuò bù wán 。
    There is too much homework today. I can`t finish it.
9a.今天的功课太多，我不能做完。(X)
      jīn tiān de gōng kè tài duō, wǒ bù néng zuò wán
A potential complement cannot be used in a 把(bǎ) sentence, either.
9b.我把今天的功课做不完。(X)
      wǒ bǎ jīn tiān de gōng kè zuò bu wán.

The primary meaning of 早 is “early,” but in an extended sense it can also mean “ a long time ago,”
or “early on.”
我早就想看中国电影了。
wǒ zǎo jiù xiǎng kàn zhōng guó diàn yǐng le.
I`ve wanted to see a Chinese film for a long time.

记得
  jì         de
       to remember
你还记得我吗？
nǐ hái jì de wǒ ma?
Do you remember me?
你还记得那个语法吗？
nǐ hái jì de nà gè yǔ fǎ ma?
Do you remember that grammar?

想起来
 xiǎng     qi        lai
    to remember; to recall
我想起来了。
wǒ xiǎng qi lai le.
I remembered.
我想不起来。
wǒ xiǎng bu qi lai.
I can't remember.
1

记得(jì de, to remember) vs 想起来(xiǎng qi lai , to remember; to recall):
While 记得(jì de) pertains to the continuous state of remembering, 想起来(xiǎng qi lai) refers to the
mental act of retrieving information from one`s memory.
Thus one can say:“我记得他上过我的课，可是我想不起来他叫什么名字。”(wǒ jì de tā shàng guo wǒ de kè, kě shì wǒ xiǎng bu qǐ
lái tā jiào shén me míng zi, I do remember he took my class, but I can`t think of his name at the
moment).

号码
 hào     mǎ
           number
你是怎么知道我的电话号码的？
nǐ shì zěn me zhī dào wǒ de diàn huà hào mǎ de ？
How did you get my number?
可以告诉我你的电话号码吗？
kě yǐ gào sù wǒ nǐ de diàn huà hào mǎ ma?
May I have your telephone number?

搬
      bān
to move
我要从宿舍搬出去了。
wǒ yào cóng sù shè bān chū qu le.
I'm moving out of the dormitory.
我要搬去布拉格了。
wǒ yào bān qù bù lā gé le
I am moving to Prague

旅行
    lǚ       xíng
        to travel
下个周末，我要跟我的朋友去纽约旅行。
xià ge zhōu mò, wǒ yào gēn wǒ de péng you qù niǔ yuē lǚ xíng.
Next weekend, I will travel to New York with my friends.
我喜欢旅行。
wǒ xǐ huan lǚ xíng.
I like to travel

打扫
 dǎ       sǎo
to clean up (a room, apartment or house)
我要从宿舍搬出去，得打扫、整理房间。
wǒ yào cóng sù shè bān chū qu，děi dǎ sǎo, zhěng lǐ fáng jiān.
I'm moving out of the dormitory. I have to clean and tidy up my room.
你需要打扫一下你的房间。
nǐ xū yào dǎ sǎo yí xià nǐ de fáng jiān
You need to clean your room.

扫
      sǎo
to sweep
你去扫地吧。
nǐ qù sǎo dì ba.
Go sweep the floor.

整理
 zhěng     lǐ
    to put in order
我在整理衣服。
wǒ zài zhěng lǐ yī fu.
I'm sorting clothes
我在整理行李。
wǒ zài zhěng lǐ xíng li.
I am packing my luggage.

房间
  fáng    jiān
           room
这是我的房间。
zhè shì wǒ de fáng jiān.
This is my room.
这个房间有人了。
zhè ge fáng jiān yǒu rén le.
There is someone in this room.

电
     diàn
electricity
我的手机没电了。
wǒ de shǒu jī méi diàn le .
My cell phone is out of power.

4. Directional Complements (II)
Directional Complements indicate the direction in which a person or object moves.
来
lái
to come
speaker

>

4. Directional Complements (II)
Directional Complements indicate the direction in which a person or object moves.
去
qù
  to go
speaker

>

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+Place Word/Noun (Phrase)+来/去
1. 她下楼来。
    tā xià lóu lai.
    She is coming downstairs.
Pattern I:
speaker
When the object of the verb is a location word, the sentence can only appear in Pattern A, as in
(1) and (2).

>

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+Place Word/Noun (Phrase)+来/去
1a. 她下楼去。
    tā xià lóu qu.
    She is going downstairs.
Pattern I:
speaker

>

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+Place Word/Noun (Phrase)+来/去
2. 她上楼去。
     tā shàng lóu qu.
     She is going upstairs.
Pattern I:
speaker

>

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+Place Word/Noun (Phrase)+来/去
2. 她上楼来。
     tā shàng lóu lai.
     She is coming upstairs.
When a verb is followed by a location word, that verb can only be a directional verb such as
上，下，进，出，回，过，or 到, as shown in (1) and (2).
Pattern I:
speaker

>

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+Place Word/Noun (Phrase)+来/去
3. 请你买一些水果来。
     qǐng nǐ mǎi yì xiē shuǐ guǒ lai.
      Please buy some fruit [and bring it] here.

       Speaker
When the object is a regular noun and the action is not completed, the sentence often appears in
Pattern A as well, as in (3) and (4).

>

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+Place Word/Noun (Phrase)+来/去（他买了一些水果来）
 4. 你给他送一点儿吃的东西去。
     nǐ gěi tā sòng yì diǎnr chī de dōng xi qu.
     Take some food to him.
       Speaker
   �

>

4. Directional Complements (II)
B. Subject+verb+来/去+Noun
5. 他买来了一些水果。
     tā mǎi lai le yì xiē shuǐ guǒ.
     He bought some fruit and brought it here.
When the object of the verb is a location word, the sentence can only appear in Pattern A, as in
(1) and (2).
When the object is a regular noun and the action is not completed, the sentence often appears in
Pattern A as well, as in (3) and (4).
If the action is completed, the sentence can appear either in Pattern A or in Pattern B.

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+上/下...+Place Word/Noun
6. 他走上楼。
    tā zǒu shang lóu
    He walked upstairs.
[The sentence doesn`t indicate whether the speaker is upstairs or downstairs.]
7. 老师走进教室。
     lǎo shī zǒu jin jiāo shì.
     The teacher walked into the classroom.
[The sentence doesn`t indicate whether the speaker is in the classroom or not.]
Pattern II:

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+上/下...+Place Word/Noun
8.他拿出一张纸。
   tā ná chu yì zhāng zhǐ.
   He took out a piece of paper.
Pattern II:

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+上/下...+Place Word/Noun +来/去
A. Subject+verb+上/下...+Place Word/Noun（6、7、8）

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+上/下...+Place Word/Noun +来/去
when the object is a location word, the sentence appears only in Pattern A, as in (11) and (12).

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+上/下...+Place Word/Noun +来/去
13. 请你买回一些梨来。（请你买回一些梨去）（X）
       qǐng nǐ mǎi hui yì xiē lí lai.
       Please buy some pears and bring them back here.
14. 他拿出一张纸来。（他拿出一张纸去）（X）
       tā ná chu yì zhāng zhǐ lai.
       He took out a piece of paper.
If the object is a regular noun and the action is not completed, the sentence often appears in
Pattern A as well, as in (13), (14), and (15).

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+上/下...+Place Word/Noun +来/去
15.请大家都拿起笔来。（请大家都拿起笔去）（X）
      qǐng dà jiā dōu ná qi bǐ lai.
      Please pick up a pen, everyone.
起(qi), in the same way as 起来(qi lai), signifies a movement from a lower point to a higher point.
However, 起(qi) compounds only with 来(lai), never with 去(qu), in forming a directional complement
combination.

4. Directional Complements (II)
A. Subject+verb+上/下...+Place Word/Noun +来/去
16.走上楼。
      zǒu shang lóu
      to go upstairs.
16a.走起楼（X）
        zǒu qi lóu

4. Directional Complements (II)
B. Subject+verb+上/下...+来/去+Noun
17.他买回来了一些水果。（他买回一些水果来）
      tā mǎi hui lai le yì xiē shuǐ guǒ.
      He bought some fruit and brought it back here.
 when the object is a location word, the sentence appears only in Pattern A, as in (11) and (12).
If the object is a regular noun and the action is not completed, the sentence often appears in
Pattern A as well, as in (13), (14), and (15).
 If the action is completed, the sentence can appear either in Pattern A or in Pattern B.

4. Directional Complements (II)
 1、Subject+把+object+verb+来/去
18.请把你的床搬来。
      qǐng bǎ nǐ de chuáng bān lai.
      Please move your bed here.
19.把这杯冰茶拿去。
      bǎ zhè bēi bīng chá ná qu.
      Take this glass of iced tea [with you].
When the 把(bǎ) construction is used with a directional complement, the sentence can appear in
either of these two patterns:

4. Directional Complements (II)
 2、Subject+把+object+verb+上/下...(+place word)+来/去
20. 我把书拿起来了。
       wǒ bǎ shū ná qi lai le.
       I picked up the book.

21. 快把车开回家去。
       kuài bǎ chē kāi hui jiā qu.
       Drive the car back home right away.
When the 把(bǎ) construction is used with a directional complement, the sentence can appear in
either of these two patterns:

好好儿(hǎo hāor, all out; to one`s heart`s content) is a colloquial expression that often precedes a
verb to serve as an adverbial, e.g. 考试以后我要去纽约好好儿玩儿玩儿(kǎo shì yǐ hòu wǒ yào qù niǔ yuē hǎo hāor wánr
wanr. After the test I want to go to New York and have a great time). Note the different tone for
the reduplicated syllable 好. For the rules on the pronunciation of reduplicated monosyllabic
adjectives