aBFPA021p Patologie

Lékařská fakulta
jaro 2020
Rozsah
2/0/0. 30. 2 kr. Ukončení: k.
Vyučující
prof. MUDr. Markéta Hermanová, Ph.D. (přednášející)
MUDr. Víta Žampachová (přednášející)
Markéta Grozertová (pomocník)
Mgr. Iva Holušová (pomocník)
Garance
prof. MUDr. Markéta Hermanová, Ph.D.
I. ústav patologie – Společná pracoviště s Fakultní nemocnicí u sv. Anny v Brně – Lékařská fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: prof. MUDr. Markéta Hermanová, Ph.D.
Dodavatelské pracoviště: I. ústav patologie – Společná pracoviště s Fakultní nemocnicí u sv. Anny v Brně – Lékařská fakulta
Rozvrh
Pá 13:30–15:10 PatÚI N01007
Předpoklady
aBFZA011p Základy anatomie -před.
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
Pathology gives a comprehensive summary of knowledge concerning all pathological processes occurring in the organism. General Pathology gives a definition of the basic pathological changes; Special Pathology gives a description of the disorders of individual systems of the organism.
Výstupy z učení
- theoretical knowledge about pathology
- a comprehensive summary of knowledge about all pathological processes taking place in the body
- general pathology
- basic pathological changes
- special pathology
- describes disorders of various system organisms
Osnova
  • General Pathology Definition of the discipline, importance of pathology in contemporary medicine. Methods of pathology: dissection (macro- and microfindings), correlation of clinical and pathological diagnosis, bioptic examination, methods of removal and fixation of material. Cytological examination. Disease: its definition, characteristics, course. External and internal causes. Prevention. Extinction of the organism: clinical death, biological death. Signs of death. Regressive changes: necrosis - its kinds and causes. Atrophy: simple a., numerical a. Basic causes. Dystrophy: disorders of the metabolism of proteins, saccharides, fats, water, minerals (lithiasis), pigments (incl. icterus). Inflammation: definition, local and generalised manifestations, both macroscopic and microscopic. Causes and forms of inflammation, classification, terminology (incl. examples). Disorders of immunity, transplantation. Progressive changes. Regeneration, repair, healing of wounds (incl. bone fractures). Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia. Pseudotumours: cysts, pseudocysts, inflammatory tumours, disorders of embryonic development. Tumour: definition, general properties, causes of its origin, precancerous states. Biological character of tumours: benign tumours, malignant tumours, of uncertain biological character. The systematics of tumours: epithelial t., mesenchymal t., haemoblastoses and lymphomas, neuroectodermal t., germinal t., mixed t., choriocarcinoma, mesothelioma. Special Pathology Disease of the heart, blood and lymph circulation. Heart defects: congenital h.d., acquired h.d., changes in heart shape and size, pathological contents of pericardium, inflammations, ischaemic heart disease - myocardial infarction. Symptoms of circulatory insufficiency. Hypertension disease. Diseases of arteries and veins: arteriosclerosis, aneurysms, inflammations, anomalies in quantity and composition of blood, anaemias, polycythaemias. Local disorders of circulation: thrombosis, embolism. Haemorrhage. Disorders of circulation. Lymphadenitides. Tumours. Diseases of the respiratory tract. Pathology of the upper respiratory tract: coryza, sinusitides, laryngitides, bronchitides, changes of the lumen, true and false tumours. Changes in pulmonary ventilation, circulatory disorders (venostasis, oedema, induration, infarction, embolism), dusting of the lungs. Pneumonias: superficial p., interstitial p., and specific p. (TBC). Pulmonary tumours. Pathology of the pleura. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Pathology of the oral cavity, incl. dentition, pharynx, and tonsils (especially tonsillitis), oesophagus: bleeding of the varices, luminal changes, tumours. Gastritides, ulcer disease, tumours of the stomach. Pathology of the intestines: circulatory disorders, inflammations incl. cholera, dysentery, typhus, and Crohn’s disease. Appendicitis, malabsorption syndrome. Acquired changes in the position and lumen of the intestines: ileus, hernias, tumours. Inflammations of the pleura and pathological contents of abdominal cavity. Hepatitides, cirrhosis, tumours. Pathology of the gallbladder and biliary tract: stones, inflammations, obstructive jaundice, tumours. Pancreas: pancreatitides (incl. acute haemorrhagic necrosis), pancreas in diabetes, tumours. Pathology of the urinary tract: nephrolithiasis, inflammations (pyelonephritides, glomerulonephritides), nephroses. Uraemias. Tumours of the kidneys and urinary bladder. Pathology of the male genital system, especially prostate and testes (hyperplasias, inflammations, tumours). Pathology of the female genital system: disorders of fertility, inflammations of the adnexa, uterus, vagina, precancerous states, and tumours. Pathology of pregnancy. Pathology of the mammary gland: inflammations, dysplasias, tumours. Pathology of the central and peripheral nervous systems: traumas, bleeding, cerebral strokes: ischaemias, inflammations, tumours. Changes of the pia mater, drainage disorders of the cerebrospinal fluid, oedema. Tumours of PNS. Pathology of the eye: traumas, inflammations, tumours. Pathology of the thyroid gland: struma, thyrotoxicosis, tumours. Pathology of the skin: burns, frostbites, inflammations, tumorigenic lesions and neoplasms. Pathology of skeletal muscles: atrophy, myasthenia gravis, ruptures, haemorrhages, inflammations, tumours. Diseases of the skeletal system: fractures, inflammations, tumours. Pathology of the child age: genetically conditioned diseases, pathology of the foetus and the neonate with special focus on diseases affecting the sight.
Literatura
  • J. Stříteský, Patologie pro II. Ročník SZŠ, 2 díly
  • MAČÁK, Jiří. Obecná patologie. Olomouc, 2002. info
Výukové metody
lecture
Metody hodnocení
theoretical oral exam
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Další komentáře
Studijní materiály
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