C7187 Experimental oncology

Faculty of Science
Autumn 2015
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
doc. Mgr. Pavel Bouchal, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Roman Hrstka, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Petr Müller, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Rudolf Nenutil, CSc. (lecturer)
RNDr. Bořivoj Vojtěšek, DrSc. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. RNDr. Zdeněk Glatz, CSc.
Department of Biochemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Timetable
Wed 17:00–18:50 B11/205
Prerequisites
C4182 Biochemistry II || Bi4020 Molecular biology
This course is suitable for students of master and doctoral study in biochemistry and molecular biology. The knowledge at biochemisty and molecular biology basic courses level is required.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
there are 18 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
Course objectives
At the end of the course, the students will understand the basics of biology and biochemistry of tumor cells as well as the mechanisms of malign transformation and spreading of tumors. They should be able to apply genomics and proteomics approaches and to use the main database sources in experimental oncology. The students should be able to explain the approaches used in production and purification of proteins and antibodies, principles of molecular cloning, gene therapy and the use of therapeutic antibodies. They should be able to make decisions about the proper use of biological material like model systems (cell lines), human tissues, or human plasma. The lecturers will provide insights into oncological pharmacology including drug discovery and testing, and into the basics of the use of viruses in experimental oncology. They will focus one of the lessons on the aspects of cooperation and carrier in science in general.
Syllabus
  • 1. Introduction, organization of the course (Dr. Bouchal). Physical, chemical and biological factors of carcinogenesis: Physical radiation, mechanisms of chemical carcinogens, tests of mutagenity, viral transformation. Morphological and biochemical changes in transformed cells, hypoxia. Mechanisms of cytostatic agents action, drug resistance. Examples of clinically used tumor markers.
  • 2. Introduction in tumor cell biology (Dr. Hrstka). Mechanisms of malign transformation. Angiogenesis, formation of metastases. Important signal pathways in tumors. Tumor epidemiology. p53 protein, potential use in the therapy focused on the cell cycle.
  • 3. Methods of molecular oncology (Dr. Hrstka). Human genome mapping, functional genomics, epigenetics. PCR based methods, chip based methods, next generation sequencing. Gene engineering. Model systems in applied research.
  • 4. The use of human biological material in research (Dr. Nenutil). Human tissues as a source of information and a tool for validation of data obtained from experimental models. The use and processing of tissue samples. Predictive and prognostic pathology. Biological characteristics of tumors and their prognosis. Biological predictors of therapeutic response.
  • 5. Molecular pathology and personalized medicine (Dr. Hrstka). Clinically used biomarkers, laboratory techniques, co-alteration and dysregulation of signal pathways, decision making, preanalytical issues, biomarkers in clinical studies.
  • 6. Proteomics approaches in experimental oncology (Dr. Bouchal). Untargeted and targeted proteomics, protein/peptide quantification. Functional proteomics in oncology research, analysis of protein-protein interactions, biomarker discovery, verification and validation. Selection of suitable biological and tumor material and methods, design of the study, statistical analysis, data validation and interpretation. Practical examples of proteomics outputs.
  • 7. Genomics and proteomics database sources in experimental oncology (Dr. Bouchal). Practical use of the algorithms: NCBI, ExPASy, UniProt, NCBI, BLAST, secondary structure and posttranslational modification prediction. Human Protein Atlas. Oncomine. Epidemiology of tumors in the Czech Republic (SVOD).
  • 8. Gene therapy (Dr. Müller). Diseases curable by gene therapy. Vectors for gene therapy. Perspectives of gene therapy. Viruses and their use in experimental oncology. Characterization and categories of viruses. Tumors and viruses. Adenovirus and lentivirus vectors. Viruses and gene therapy.
  • 9. Protein engineering (Dr. Müller). Protein-protein interactions, "phage display". Analysis of the activity. "Protein engineering"
  • 10. Protein and expression and purification (Dr. Vojtěšek). The use of expression systems for protein expression. The use of "Tag sequences". Protein preparation for production of monoclonal antibodies. Protein preparation for functional studies.
  • 11. Design, production and characterization of antibodies (Dr. Vojtěšek). Immunization schema, suitable animals and antigens. Production, purification, characterization and labeling of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Application and humanization of antibodies.
  • 12. Drug development (Dr. Müller). Therapeutic substance, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. The models used for "drug screening". Databases of chemical substances versus natural products. Quantitative and structural analysis of the potential therapeutic substance. Rational drug development. Clinical studies.
Literature
    recommended literature
  • REJTHAR, Aleš and Bořivoj VOJTĚŠEK. Obecná patologie nádorového růstu. 1. vyd. Praha: Grada. 206 s. ISBN 802470238X. 2002. info
Teaching methods
Presentations by professionals followed by class discussion and answers to students' questions. Practical use of database sources.
Assessment methods
Written exam followed by a short discussion with the lecturer.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further Comments
Study Materials
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2010 - only for the accreditation, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2011 - acreditation, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2016, autumn 2017, Autumn 2018, Autumn 2019, Autumn 2020, autumn 2021, Autumn 2022, Autumn 2023.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2015, recent)
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