PAPVA_52 Development and function of pottery on the turn from prehistory to ancient history in the Near East

Filozofická fakulta
jaro 2021

Předmět se v období jaro 2021 nevypisuje.

Rozsah
2/0/0. 4 kr. Ukončení: k.
Vyučující
Maria Bianca D Anna (přednášející), Mgr. Inna Mateiciucová, Ph.D. (zástupce)
Garance
doc. PhDr. Jarmila Bednaříková, CSc.
Ústav klasických studií – Filozofická fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: Jitka Erlebachová
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Ústav klasických studií – Filozofická fakulta
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je nabízen i studentům mimo mateřské obory.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
This two-week seminar focused on pottery production and use during the Early and Late Chalcolithic periods mainly in Greater Mesopotamia, but some case studies concerned also the Levant. The main objective was to investigate how pottery may reflect the social, economic and political organisation within which it was produced and how it acted back and affected people’s social relations.
Osnova
  • During the first week, the regional and chronological framework and the main characters of Early (Ubaid) and Late Chalcolithic societies have been outlined. Though intense relationships among regions of Mesopotamia and beyond are attested from the Neolithic, it is during the 5th mill. that, for the first time, southern and northern Mesopotamia testify a strong homogeneity in material culture. The causes, implication and significance of such similarity have been differently interpreted and recently a certain emphasis has been stressed on the local diversities of the Ubaid communities. By the end of the 5th mill., a strong break is recognisable in all Mesopotamia and structural changes in craft production reflect significant novelties in the economic and social spheres. Regional differences between northern and southern Mesopotamia but also within the better known northern Mesopotamia and southeastern Anatolia can be detected mainly on the basis of different ceramic types distribution. During the 4th millennium BCE the combined presence of architectural monumentality, craft specialization, redistributive practices and complex administrative techniques is interpreted as evidence for the emergence and consolidation of social inequality in the forms of hierarchical institutions. These were presumably able to monopolise and redistribute resources in exchange for skills and labour. Not only in terms of typological affinity or dissimilarity, the Late Chalcolithic pottery assemblages largely testify all these phenomena. During the first week, attention was also granted to various approaches to pottery studies in archaeology. Students were asked to read some literature and present short summaries (10 to 15 minutes) of main topics, as what is pottery? How is pottery made? Ceramic typologies; issues concerning ceramic chronology and cultural interconnections between different sites, regions or groups of people on the basis of pottery similarity or differences; pottery use; ceramic and ethnoarchaeology. During the second week, students prepared presentations of specific case studies. Small groups of two to four students have been asked either to critically synthesise some literature on specific topics or to analyse some ceramic assemblages and their contexts from different perspective. The theoretical and methodological agenda discussed in the first week constituted the basis to work on ceramic assemblages and their technologies; the social contexts of production; intra-site distribution; and ceramic function.
Literatura
  • Akkermans P.M.M.G., Schwartz G.M., 2003, the Archaeology of Syria. From Complex Hunter-Gatherers to Early Urban Society (c. 16,000-300 BC), Cambridge: Chapters 5 and 6
  • Rothman M.S. (ed.), 2001, Uruk Mesopotamia and Its Neighbors, Santa Fe
  • Sinopoli C. 1991, Approaches to Archaeological Ceramics, New York
  • Skibo J. M., 1992, Pottery Function. A Use-Alteration Perspective, New York and London
  • Frangipane M., 2002, “Non-Uruk” Developments and Uruk-linked Features on the Northern Borders of Greater Mesopotamia, in Campbell S., Postgate N. (eds.), Artefacts of Complexity. Tracking Uruk inthe Near East, Iraq Archaeological Reports 5, British Schoo
  • Pollock S., 1999, Ancient Mesopotamia. The Eden that Never was, Cambridge: Chapters 1
  • Rice P.M., 1987, Pottery Analysis: A Sourcebook, Chicago
  • Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of
  • Carter R.A., Philip G., 2010, Decostruncting the Ubaid, in Carter R.A., Philip G. (eds.),
Výukové metody
During the first week, frontal lessons were used to provide the students with information about the main topics of the course. This was achieved in 4 (two to three hour) frontal lessons. The students were anyway asked to actively participate with questions and comments. During the second week, a seminar was organised. Students were asked to prepare PPT presentations and a lecture. This part of the course implied that students had to deepen specific topics; summarise key issues; present them to the class; and participate to the teaching process.
Metody hodnocení
Students were evaluated on the basis of their presence to the classes and their active involvement in the course. Even though the seminar was organised in small groups of students, each participant had to present one part of the assigned topic. The students could rely on my presence at the institute also outside the teaching hours to better prepare their presentations. At the end of the course, students were asked to anonymously fill a form to evaluate both the course and the teaching methods. Presence: 70%
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Informace učitele
For the students presentations: Gelb 1965; Nissen 1970, Bag. Mit. 191: 5-101: pages 136-142; Pollock S., 2003, Feasts, Funerals, and Fast-Food in Early Mesopotamian State, in Bray T. (ed.), The Archaeology and Politics of Food and Feasting in Early States and Empires, New York: 17-38; Balossi Restelli, Guarino 2010, Domestic behaviour and cultural milieu north and south of the Taurus in the mid 4th millennium BC, as inferred from the pottery production and use at the sites of Arslantepe and Zeytinli Bahçe, in P. Matthiae, F. Pinnock, L. Nigro and N. Marchetti (eds.), Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, Rome, Harrassowitz Verlag • Wiesbaden, p. 491-502 ; Pearce 1999, Investigating Ethnicity at Hacinebi: Ceramic Perspectives on Style and Behavior in 4th Millennium Mesopotamian-Anatolian Interaction, Paléorient XXV/1: 35-42; Pollock 2010 in Carter, Philip eds., Beyond the Ubaid, SAOC 63; Balossi Restelli 2010, Extended families and nuclear families. Daily life and the use of domestic space in the ubaid and post-ubaid communities: the case of the Malatya Plain (Eastern Turkey), Origini 32; Helwing B. 2003, Feasts as a social dynamic in Prehistoric Western Asia - three case studies from Syria and Anatolia, Paléorient 29; Yorke M. Rowan, Jonathan Golden 2009, The Chalcolithic Period of the Southern Levant: A Synthetic Review, Journal of World Prehistory 22:1–92; Oates J. 2002 in Postgate ed., Artefacts of Complexity; Trufelli 1994, Standardization, Mass Production and Potter’s Marks in the Late Chalcolithic Pottery of Arslantepe (Malatya), Origini 18: 245-289; Pearce 2000, The Late Chalcolithic sequence at Hacinebi, in MARRO C., HAUPTMANN H. 2000 (eds.), Chronologies des pays du Caucase et l’Euphrate aux IVe-IIIe Millenaires. Actes du colloque d’Istanbul, 16-19 decembre 1998, Varia Anatolica 11, Istanbul; Pollock S., Coursey C. 1995, Ceramics from Hacinebi Tepe: Chronology and Connections, Anatolica 21: 101-141; Roaf M. 1989, ‘Ubaid Social Organization and Social Activities as seen from tell Madhur, in Upon this Foundation, eds. Henriskson e.F., Thuesen I., Copenhagen: 91-148; Frangipane 2003, Developments in fourth millennium public architecture in the Malatya Plain: From simple tripartite to complex and bipartite pattern, in From Villages to Cities, Studies presented to Ufuk Esin, M. Özdoğan, H. Hauptmann, Istanbul: 147-169; several articles in CARTER, R.A. and G. PHILIP 2010, “Deconstructing the Ubaid”, in R.A. Carter and G. Philip (eds.), Beyond the Ubaid. Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization, n. 63, The Oriental Institute of Chicago, Chicago, p. 1-22.
Další komentáře
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Předmět je zařazen také v obdobích jaro 2014, jaro 2016, podzim 2017.