In my thesis I focus on the armed conflict in the Sudanese province of Darfur and the reaction to it performed by different participants. I focus on depicting the likely historical, social, political or ecological causes leading to the rise and subsequent escalation of the armed conflict in Darfur. As for the internal participants, I concentrate on the two principal rebel movements operating in the region - Sudan Liberation Movement/Army and Justice and Equality Movement, as well as on the pro-governmental Janjaweed militia. Concerning the external participants, I focus primarily on the role of the UN Security Council and its African counterpart represented by the African Union. The most significant part of my thesis refers to the reaction of the Sudanese authorities as well as the UN Security Council and the African Union to the armed conflict in Darfur. The objective of this thesis lies rather in providing a recapitulation of up to now reactions to the deteriorating situation in Darfur, than in providing a thorough analysis of the particular forms of internal or international reactions and evaluation of their adequacy or sufficiency.