aVLFA0822p Pharmacology II - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
spring 2024
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Taught in person.
Teacher(s)
doc. MUDr. Regina Demlová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. PharmDr. Jan Juřica, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Petra Amchová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. RNDr. Ladislava Bartošová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Carlos Daniel Ferreira Fonseca, MSc. (lecturer)
PharmDr. Mária Hricková (lecturer)
Mgr. Jana Kubátová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. MVDr. Leoš Landa, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Kristýna Nosková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Jana Nováková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Jana Pistovčáková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. PharmDr. Jana Rudá, Ph.D. (lecturer)
PharmDr. Jitka Rychlíčková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Barbora Říhová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
PharmDr. Lenka Součková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. PharmDr. Ondřej Zendulka, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Róbert Balog (assistant)
Renata Bláblová (assistant)
PharmDr. Tomáš Hammer (assistant)
Mgr. Petr John (assistant)
PharmDr. Eva Klásková (assistant)
Květoslava Sedlářová (assistant)
MUDr. Filip Šiška (assistant)
Mgr. Marta Vyoralová (assistant)
PharmDr. Katarína Kostolanská (alternate examiner)
Guaranteed by
doc. MUDr. Regina Demlová, Ph.D.
Department of Pharmacology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: doc. Mgr. MVDr. Leoš Landa, Ph.D.
Supplier department: Department of Pharmacology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Mon 19. 2. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 26. 2. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 4. 3. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 11. 3. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 18. 3. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 25. 3. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 8. 4. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 15. 4. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 22. 4. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 29. 4. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 6. 5. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 13. 5. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 20. 5. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF, Mon 27. 5. 14:00–15:40 Virtuální místnost LF/Virtual room LF
Prerequisites (in Czech)
aVLFA0721p Pharmacology I - lecture && aVLPF0622p Pathophysiology II - lecture
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
The aim of the course is to acquiant the students with drugs from selected pharmacotherapeutic groups.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course student should be able choose and prescribe suitable drug for the patient with known indicication. The selection will be made with respect to all factors influencing drug safety and efficacy.
Syllabus

  • aVLFA0822p - Pharmacology II lecture

    General medicine

    Spring semester 2024

  • (19.2. 2024)
  • 1. INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, ANTIPSYCHOTICS, ANTIPARKINSONICS
  • Lecture content: History and classification of psychotropic substances. Pharmacological review of antipsychotics and antiparkinsonics.
  • (26.2. 2024)
  • 2. ANTIDEPRESSANTS
  • Lecture content: Pharmacological review of antidepressants and psychostimulants and their clinical use.
  • (4.3. 2024)
  • 3. ANXIOLYTICS, HYPNOSEDATIVES, ANTICONVULSANTS
  • Lecture content: Pharmacological review of anxiolytics, hypnosedatives, anticonvulsants. The possibilities of modulation of GABAergic neurotransmission and other central neurotransmitters. Self-study: drug dependence and its possible therapy.
  • (11.3. 2024)
  • 4. GENERAL AND LOCAL ANAESTHETICS
  • Lecture content: Classification and basic features of general and local anaesthetic drugs. Review of drugs used in premedication and postanesthesia care.
  • (18.3. 2024)
  • 5. VASODILATORS AND DRUGS WITH EFFECT ON VESSELS
  • Lecture content: Risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, lipid-lowering drugs, nitrates, donors of NO groups, calcium channel blockers and other groups of direct vasodilators.
  • (25.3. 2024)
  • 6. DRUGS INFLUENCING RAAS, DIURETICS
  • Lecture content: Pharmacological profiles of drugs targeting RAAS and diuretics. Antagonists of mineralocorticoid receptors. Antihypertensives of the 1st and 2nd choice, combinations, central antihypertensives.
  • (2.4. 2024)
  • 7. DRUGS DIRECTLY INFLUENCING MYOCARDIUM
  • Lecture content: Beta-blockers and bradins, drugs with positive inotropic effects. Calcium channel blockers- non-DHP, antiarrhythmics.
  • (8.4. 2024)
  • 8. DRUGS INFLUENCING HAEMOSTASIS
  • Lecture content: Pharmacological profiles of anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, fibrinolytics, anti-fibrinolytics and haemostatics.
  • (15.4. 2024)
  • 9. ANTI-INFECTIVES I – ANTIBACTERIAL SUBSTANCES
  • Lecture content: Introduction and basic principles of antimicrobial therapy. Modes of resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Pharmacological review of antibiotics.
  • (22.4. 2024)
  • 10. ANTI-INFECTIVES II – ANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIVIRAL DRUGS
  • Lecture content: Systemic and local antimycotics; antiherpetics; pharmacotherapy of influenza; antiretrovirals; therapy of RSV and viral hepatitis.
  • (29.4. 2024)
  • 11. PHARMACOLOGY OF GIT – ANTIEMETICS, ANTIDIARRHEALS, LAXATIVES, THERAPY OF PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE AND IBD
  • Lecture content: Pharmacological review of GIT drugs.
  • (6.5. 2024)
  • 12. CYTOSTATICS AND TARGETED THERAPY IN ONCOLOGY
  • Lecture content: Introduction. Classification of cytostatics according to their mechanisms of action. Mechanisms of resistance to anticancer drugs. Role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and TDM in oncology. Main classes of cytostatics. Principles of targeted therapy in oncology. Monoclonal antibodies. Protein kinase inhibitors. Targeted immunotherapy.
  • (13.5. 2024)
  • 13. THERAPY OF INTOXICATIONS
  • Lecture content: Review of most common intoxications and their symptomatology. General principles of poisoning management. Specific antidotes in poisoning therapy.
  • (20.5. 2024)
  • 14. DRUG INTERACTIONS
  • Lecture content: Classification of drug-drug interactions, evaluation of clinical relevance and seriousness of DDI. Monitoring of drug-drug interactions and their management.
  • (27.5. 2024)
  • 15. PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY AND PHARMACOGNOSY
  • Lecture content: Natural sources of medicines, selected groups of active constituents. Herbal preparations. Herbal poisons.
Literature
    required literature
  • RITTER, James, R. J. FLOWER, Graeme HENDERSON, Yoon Kong LOKE, David J. MACEWAN and H. P. RANG. Rang and Dale's pharmacology. Ninth edition. Edinburgh: Elsevier, 2020, xvi, 789. ISBN 9780702074486. info
  • LANDA, Leoš, Jan JUŘICA, Kristýna NOSKOVÁ and Ondřej ZENDULKA. Selected chapters from general pharmacology for students of general medicine and dentistry at MF MU. Brno, 2020. info
  • Study materials in the IS, course aVLFA0822p and aVLFA0822c
  • Exam question outlines in the IS
    recommended literature
  • WHALEN, Karen. Pharmacology. Edited by Richard Finkel - Thomas A. Panavelil. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015, xi, 664. ISBN 9781451191776. info
Teaching methods
video recordings of lectures in IS
Assessment methods
The final evaluation of the course contains also results of the tests from practicals of both semesters and results of colloquium test.

The final mark is calculated by following method:

Relative weight of the mark from tests: 30 %
Relative weight of the mark from oral exam: 70 %

To calculate mark from the tests the following method will be used:
The summary score from all tests in courses VLFA07212c, VLFA07212p, VLFA08222c, and VLFA08222p is 230 pts. Minimum to pass through the course to the oral exam is 128 pts.
A = 210-230 pts
B = 190-209 pts
C = 160-189 pts
D = 140-159 pts
E = 128-139 pts
F = less than 128 pts

To calculate mark from the oral examthe following method will be used:
Three different questions are chosen by students from three different sets of questions at oral exam. Moreover the student answers additional questions of examinator. Drawn questions from General and Special pharmacology and the additional questions have relative weight of 30 %. The question on essential drugs has realtive weight 10 % in the final mark of the oral exam. When student is evaluated by F for any of these questions the overall rating of oral exam is also F.

In case of success with the ROPOT test, but classification F from the oral part, students enter the oral part next time and for the final mark the score from the last ROPOT attempt is used.
Language of instruction
English
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 30.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses

Zobrazit další předměty

Teacher's information

General pharmacology:

1. Pharmacology, sub-branches, origin of drugs, drug names

2. Types of pharmacotherapy, rules of rational and safe pharmacotherapy. The question of drug misuse.

3. Preclinical and clinical trials, stages.

4. Basic legislation related to drug use, Sources of information on drugs and medicinal products.

5. Solid and gaseous pharmaceutical drug dosage forms - overview and their influence on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

6. Semi-solid and liquid pharmaceutical drug dosage forms - overview and their influence on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

7. Routes of drug administration – overview, characteristics.

8. Drug absorption, presystemic elimination, drug bioavailability.

9. Drug distribution, volume of distribution, redistribution. General principles of drug movement through the body.

10. Drug elimination, processes of the first and zero order, drug accumulation.

11. Drug biotransformation – stages, examples.

12. Drug excretion (ways of excretion, possibilities of their influence).

13. Therapeutic monitoring of drugs (TDM).

14. Pharmacokinetics of single, repeated and continual drug administration.

15. Modes of drug action.

16. Inhibition and induction of enzymes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs – examples.

17. Synergism and antagonism in drug effect (pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics).

18. Dose – response curves, types of doses, drug anamnesis, patient‘s adherence.

19. Adverse drug reactions (types, categories, examples).

20. Pharmacovigilance, drug safety.

21. Influence of repeated administration (tolerance and tachyphylaxis) - examples. Primary resistance of the patient to the treatment.

22. Factors influencing the drug effect – examples.

23. Pharmacotherapy in elderly, the influence of co-morbidities on drug effect, polypharmacy.

24. Pharmacotherapy in paediatric population, in breastfeeding women. Drugs influencing breast feeding.

25. Pharmacotherapy in pregnancy, drug teratogenicity.

26. Pharmacogenetics, influence of genetic polymorphisms on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs.

27. Drug interactions - overview, examples.

28. Principles of biological treatment – classification, technology, examples of clinical use.

Special pharmacology:

1. Sympathomimetics - overview of single classes and their indications, examples of drugs

2. Sympatholytics - overview of single classes and their indications, examples of drugs

3. Cholinomimetics

4. Cholinolytics

5. Antispasmodics - GIT + UGT

6. Opioid analgesics

7. NSAIDs, non-opioid analgesics, antimigraine agents

8. Antiuratics, antirheumatics incl. DMARDs

9. General anesthetics

10. Local anesthetics

11. Muscle relaxants

12. Antidiabetics (except insulins)

13. Insulins

14. . Analogues and antagonists of oestrogenes, gestagenes and androgenes – their basic pharmacology; HRT, hormonal contraception

15. Analogues and antagonists of H-P axis hormones used in pharmacology; uterotonics and tocolytics

16. Glucocorticoids

17. Immunostimulants + immunosuppressants (except glucocorticoids)

18. Drugs used in osteoporosis, pharmacology of thyroid gland

19. Antiasthmatics, drugs used in COPD

20. Antitussives, mucoactive drugs

21. H1 antihistamines

22. Antipsychotics

23. Drugs of neurogenerative diseases (Parkinson’s disease; dementia)

24. Antidepressants - iMAO+SSRI+NDRI

25. Antidepressants - tricyclic, NASSA, MASSA, SARI, SNRI, NARI, SMS

26. Nootropics, cognitive enhancers

27. Psychostimulants. Drugs used in ADHD. Psychomimetics.

28. Anticonvulsants

29. Hypnosedatives, anxiolytics

30. Principles of antibacterial therapy – overview, modes of action, resistance, MIC, MBC

31. Penicillins, carbapenems

32. Cephalosporines, monobactams

33. Tetracyclines + related ATBs, amphenicoles

34. Macrolides and related ATBs, lincosamides

35. Aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, polymyxins

36. Sulphonamides, nitrofurans and nitroimidazoles

37. Quinolones, antituberculotics

38. Antimycotics

39. Dermatologics – overview of classes, drugs and effects

40. Antivirotics

41. Antiemetic drugs, prokinetics, antivertigo drugs

42. Laxatives, antidiarrhoics, drugs of infectious diarrhoeas

43. Antiulcer agents, hepatoprotectives and drugs influencing the production and excretion of bile

44. Drugs for inflammatory bowel disease

45. Alkylating cytostatics and other drugs aiming on DNA in oncology

46. Antimetabolites + hormonal therapy in oncology

47. Targeted treatment in oncology

48. Biological treatment of autoimmune diseases

49. Hypolipidemics, anti-obesity drugs

50. Nitrates and other vasodilators

51. Drugs targeting RAAS

52. Diuretics and aldosterone antagonists

53. Beta blockers + central antihypertensives

54. Calcium channel blockers, α1-lytics

55. Antiarrhythmics

56. Positive inotropic drugs

57. Antiplatelet agents, antianemics

58. Fibrinolytics, antifibrinolytics, hemostatics

59. Anticoagulants

60. Drugs causing addiction and substances used for treatment of addiction

61. General principles of drug poisoning, specific antidotes and their mechanisms of action

62. Drugs used in erectile dysfunction and BHP

63. Antiglaucomatics and cycloplegics

„Essential drugs“

5-fluorouracil • acetylcysteine • acetalsalicylic acid • aciclovir • allopurinol • amiodarone • amlodipine • amphotericin B • aprepitant • atorvastatin • atropine • betahistine • buprenorphine • carbamazepine • caspofungin • cefuroxime • cetirizine • ciclosporine • ciprofloxacin • cisplatin • clarithromycin • clopidogrel • co-amoxicillin • codeine • cotrimoxazole • cyclophosphamide • cyproterone • dabigatran • desflurane • diazepam • digoxin • dobutamine • doxazosin • doxorubicin • doxycycline • empagliflozin • enoxaparin • escitalopram • ethinylestradiol • ezetimibe • famotidine • fenpiverine/pitofenone •fentanyl • finasteride • fluconazole • furosemide • gabapentin • gentamicin • haloperidol • hexoprenaline • ibuprofen • imatinib • indapamide • indometacin • interferons • insulin analogues • ipratropium-bromide • isosorbide dinitrate • ketamine • lactulose • levodopa/carbidopa • levonorgestrel • lidocaine • linagliptin • lithium • loperamide • meropenem • metamizole • metformin • methadone • methotrexate • methyldopa • methylphenidate • metoclopramide • metoprolol • mirtazapine • morphine • naloxone • nimesulide • nivolumab • noradrenaline • olanzapine • ondansetron • oxymetazoline • oxytocin • paclitaxel • pantoprazole • paracetamol • perindopril • phenoxymethylpenicillin • pilocarpine • piperacillin/tazobactam • prednisone • propofol • rivaroxaban • rivastigmine • salbutamol • sildenafil • solifenacin • spironolactone • sumatriptan • suxamethonium • tamoxifen • telmisartan • terbinafine • tramadol • trastuzumab • valproic acid • vancomycin • verapamil • warfarin • zidovudine • zolpidem •

The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2018, spring 2019, spring 2020, spring 2021, spring 2022, spring 2023.
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