PřF:C6730 Phase Equilibria - Course Information
C6730 Phase Equilibria
Faculty of ScienceAutumn 2012
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- prof. RNDr. Jiří Sopoušek, CSc. (lecturer)
- Guaranteed by
- prof. RNDr. Jiří Sopoušek, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Jiří Sopoušek, CSc.
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science - Prerequisites
- It is recommended knowledge of physical chemistry and mathematics (for example in scope of study on Faculty of Sciences MU or Brno University of Technology).
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- Analytical Chemistry (programme PřF, D-CH) (2)
- Analytical Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Inorganic Chemistry (programme PřF, D-CH) (2)
- Inorganic Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Biochemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Physical Chemistry (programme PřF, D-CH) (2)
- Physical Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Physical Chemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)
- Macromolecular Chemistry (programme PřF, D-CH) (2)
- Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Environmental Chemistry (programme PřF, D-CH) (2)
- Environmental Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Macromolecular Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Organic Chemistry (programme PřF, D-CH) (2)
- Organic Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Upper Secondary School Teacher Training in Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Course objectives
- The course is especially designed for students of chemistry and material engineering. The contents consists chiefly of following items: thermodynamics of non-ideal several-component systems, essential conditions for phase coexistence, phase diagrams, phase transformations, kinetics of phase formation and disappearing, diffusion inside solid state, thermal analysis and its applications, methods of calculations and predictions of phase diagrams, and potency of kinetic simulations. The themes are complemented by examples (rectification, extraction, material heat treatment, separation, material microstructures, nucleation, optimisation of mechanical properties, material design, life-time of materials, ). An attained knowledge allows to understand correctly and to solve a great group of practical problems, which occurs in chemical laboratory, technical practice or during new material production qualifiedly.
- Syllabus
- 1. Basic terms. Thermodynamic functions of pure substance and several component mixtures. Standard state. Phase nomenclature. Gibbs-Duhem equation. Gibbs energy of real system. Excess functions. 2. Phase structures and their crystallography. Lattice defects. Thermodynamics of stoichiometry and non-stoichiometry phases and chemical compounds. Conservation laws of mass, charge, and stoichiometry in thermodynamic systems. Phase rule and phase stability. 3. Gibbs energy of system. Chemical potential and activity. Differential equations of phase equilibrium, integral equation of phase equilibrium. Phase equilibrium formation. 4. Mathematical solution of phase equilibrium. Calculations and predictions of phase diagrams. Methods, programmes and thermodynamic databases for phase equilibrium calculations. CALPHAD approach. 5. Phase diagrams. Fundamental types of phase diagrams, visualisation, possible phase boundaries, and phase diagram cross-sections. Use of phase diagrams. 6. Experimental methods of phase equilibria study. Gain of phase data and thermodynamic data. Measurements of thermodynamic functions. Thermal analysis (cooling curves, DTA, DSC, ...). Data sources and their accuracy. 7. Real phase equilibria. Unary systems, binary systems (coexistence of gas, liquid, and solid phases; mixture of volatile liquids; distillation; sublimation; dissolutions). Phase diagrams of several component systems (coexistence of solid phases; extraction; purification; chemical compounds inside phase diagram; intermetallics). 8. Examples of phase equilibrium and phase diagram calculations for systems. Relationship between phase, physical, and mechanical properties. 9. Phase transformations. Stable and metastable phase equilibria. Diffusion-less phase transformations. Role of diffusion and nucleation at equilibrium establishing. 10. Diffusion. Essentials. Atomic mechanisms of diffusion. Fick`s laws of diffusion. Boundary conditions. Analytical and numerical solutions of diffusion equations. 11. Diffusion in real systems. Atomic mobility. Mass fluxes. Kinetic and thermodynamic factors of diffusion. 12. Diffusion controlled phase transformations. Heterogeneous real systems. Diffusion and equilibrium at high and low temperatures. Simulation programmes (DICTRA). 13. Phase equilibria and diffusion controlled processes in chemical laboratory and technology. Coarsening and dissolving of phases, optimisation of material technology treatment, homogenization, nitriding, weld stability, protective layers, transformation diagrams, ...
- Literature
- Teaching methods
- Lectures.
- Assessment methods
- Oral exam
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
- The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
- Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2012, recent)
- Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/sci/autumn2012/C6730