Using Transitions Idea Idea Transition [USEMAP] [USEMAP] References © 2001 by Ruth Luman C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Transitions nLook at the two groups of sentences below. nWhich sentences read more smoothly? Click on nan answer below. n n [USEMAP] My friend, Marcos, loves to play sports and is very athletic. He has won a scholarship to play football at a university next year. My friend, Marcos, loves to play sports and is very athletic. In fact, he has won a scholarship to play football at a university next year. [USEMAP] [USEMAP] [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Transitions [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl1f\j0078622.wmf What are transition words? C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Transitions nA transition word directly tells the reader the nlogical relationship between one idea and nanother idea. n n Idea Idea Transition [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Example Marcos loves to go swimming in the ocean. his parents won’t allow him to do that. ;however, The transition, however, tells the reader that the logical relationship between the two ideas is contrast. [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl1f\j0078781.wmf [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl1f\j0078781.wmf C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Transitions nTransitions are words that help make nyour writing more coherent. They create nconnections between: n n [USEMAP] - one clause and another clause - one sentence and another sentence - one group of sentences and the next group of sentences C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Joining Two Independent Clauses n One way of joining two independent clauses is with a semicolon, a transition, and a comma. n n Marcos is a great swimmer he’s very good at scuba diving. ; furthermore, Marcos is a great swimmer ;furthermore, he’s very good at scuba diving. [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl1f\j0078781.wmf [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl71\j0282782.gif [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Connecting Two Sentences n You can use a transition and comma to tell the reader the logical relationship between two sentences. n n Marcos is very athletic. he plays three sports at school. In fact, Marcos is very athletic. In fact, he plays three sports at school. C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl1f\j0078746.wmf [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Placement of Transition n Rather than placing the transition at the beginning of the second sentence, you may place it in the middle of the second sentence after the subject with two commas. n n Marcos is very athletic. He, in fact, plays three sports at school. [USEMAP] subject transition C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Transitions in Longer Writing n When writing a paragraph or a larger piece of writing,you can use a transition to show the reader the logical relationship between one group of sentences and another group of sentences. [USEMAP] This is useful when you want to let the reader know that you are changing from one idea to another idea. [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Example- Longer Piece of Writing nEssay [USEMAP] Introduction Body Paragraph 1 Body Paragraph 2: In addition, Body Paragraph 3: Furthermore, Conclusion: Transition connects ideas in paragraph 3 to ideas in paragraph 2. Transition connects ideas in paragraph 2 to ideas in paragraph 1. C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Types of Transitions [USEMAP] Relationship Transition Addition Moreover Furthermore In addition besides Marcos loves to ski ;moreover, ;furthermore, ;in addition, ;besides, he likes to fish. C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl0\SL01064_.wmf C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl57\j0217752.wmf C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Types of Transitions [USEMAP] Relationship Transition Reinforcement/Emphasis Indeed In fact Marcos plays basketball ;in fact, ;indeed, he plays every Saturday. The transition and second clause reemphasize the first clause. C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Types of Transitions [USEMAP] Relationship Transition Exemplification For example For instance In particular Marcos enjoys outdoor sports ;for example, ;for instance, ;in particular, he likes hiking, skiing, and fishing. The second clause is more specific than the first. C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Types of Transitions [USEMAP] Relationship Transition Contrast However On the contrary In contrast On the other hand Marcos enjoys scuba diving ;on the other hand, ;however, ;on the contrary, ;in contrast, I think it is an expensive sport. $$$ C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Types of Transitions [USEMAP] Relationship Transition Result or Effect Consequently Accordingly Thus Hence Therefore As a result Marcos broke his leg ;thus, ;consequently, ;therefore, ;hence, ;as a result, ;accordingly, he can’t play basketball. C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl0\hm00035_.wmf C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl0\PE01505_.wmf C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Types of Transitions [USEMAP] Relationship Transition Time Meanwhile (at the same time) Subsequently (after) Thereafter (after) Marcos scored a goal ;subsequently, ;thereafter, his team won the game. after C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl23\j0088776.wmf C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\lumanr\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl3e\j0157299.wmf C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] [USEMAP] Practice Exercises n Now you are ready to practice what you’ve learned. Click the link below to return to Unit D. Print and complete the Practice Exercise on transitions. Check your answers with a tutor. C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl5d\j0234083.wmf [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] Correct! nExcellent! This sentence reads more smoothly nbecause it contains a transition. Transition nwords connect ideas within and between nsentences. n n My friend, Marcos, loves to play sports and is very athletic. In fact, he has won a scholarship to play football at a university next year. C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Clipart\Popular\amhappy.wmf [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] I’m Sorry! nThese sentence do not read as smoothly. nThese sentences contain no transitions to nconnect the ideas to each other. Go back to nlearn more about using transition words. n n My friend, Marcos, loves to play sports and is very athletic. He has won a scholarship to play football at a university next year. [USEMAP] C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl1f\j0078703.wmf No transition words to connect ideas. C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Media Catalog\Downloaded Clips\cl67\j0257861.wmf [USEMAP] [USEMAP] References nPowerPoint Presentation by Ruth Luman: Modesto Junior College. n nThis project incorporates portions of copyrighted works. These items are included under the fair use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law and have been prepared according to the educational fair use guidelines. They are restricted from further use. n