Grammar transformations

1.        I sent her a letter of apology but she still refuses to speak to me. Perhaps it has got
lost.

The letter of apology which I sent her (modal)________________________________________ .

2.        We took on 5 new employees but it was not really necessary.

We _________________________________________________ those 5 new employees


3.  “Are you sure he gave you an honest answer?” he asked.

He asked me ____________________________________________________.

4.   “Why are you so sure no file has gone missing or been stolen?” he kept asking me.

   He kept asking me ___________________________________________________

5.        My friend Paul has decided to buy a motorbike. His car was stolen last week

My friend Paul, ________________________________________________________.

6.        The ship hit an iceberg and sank. Warning messages have been sent to it. The ship ignored
these.

        The ship, ______________________________________________________________.

7.        We talked about a girl last week. This is the girl.

        This is ________________________________________________________________.


8.   It is vital for you not to forget to tell him about buying the ad space.

      (use the verbs REMEMBER and MENTION)

You _________________________________________________________.

9.    He was talking to a client, but he stopped because he had to pick up his mobile.

   He stopped ______________________________________________________.

10.     We are advertising the new model on the Internet, but we advertised the old one on TV.

The new model ____________________________________________, but the old one
___________________________________________.

11. It was absolutely necessary for us to keep to the deadline. Nevertheless, it was a bad

       decision to sign such inconvenient delivery terms. (modals)

       We __________________________________________________. Nevertheless, we
_______________________________ such inconvenient delivery terms.

12.     There has been a slow recovery in sales over the past 6 months.

Sales _______________________________________________

13.    Energy prices will probably drop considerably.

   There _______________________________________________.

14.    Negotiations with this supplier never led to a satisfactory outcome.

Never _______________________________________________________.

15.    I find his behaviour extremely rude.

   What ________________________________________________________.

16.    As soon as he entered the room he heard his name called.

       Hardly ______________________________________________________.

17.  I’m having a school reunion tonight. That’s why I can’t go to Fléda with you.

But if  I _______________________________________________to Fléda with you

18. You spend all the money gambling. Now you don’t have enough to pay the gas bill.

   Had you____________________________________________________ the gas bill.

19.  I haven’t bought a bicycle yet. There aren’t any cycle paths in the city.

       But if _____________________________________________________________ a bicycle.

20.  I will complete the table, but promise that you will check it form me. (use until)

I won’t _____________________________________________________________.

21. Oh, good you are calling. I wanted to give you a ring!   (rewrite the sentence in two ways)

       Oh, good you are calling. I was __________________________________________!

        Oh, good you are calling. I was _________________________________________!

22. My task was to ask five companies to quote their prices but our management changed the
parameters of the order three times before I did it.

   By the time __________________________________________________________.

23. We were negotiating the conditions of the microcredit loan for a fortnight.

The conditions ________________________________________________________.

24. The entrepreneur was not able to repay the loan. Luckily, other members of the group helped
him.

But if ____________________________________________________________________.

25. The secretary checked all the figures again. It was not necessary because the auditor had done
that before. (modal)

The secretary__________________________________________________________.

26. Investment in fine art hardly ever brings the returns that would justify the cost.

Rarely ___________________________________________________________________.


27. The local people got even poorer as oil reserves ran out.

If _______________________________________________________________________.


28. I have written twice. I still haven’t received a reply.

Despite ___________________________________________________________________.