s**™*^
^AíNASTvO*
*"
First Aid
Musculoskeletal Injuries
Mgr. Zdeňka Kubíková Be. Barbora Zuchová and others
Contusion
First Aid:
■  cooling down
principle: never put ice on exposed skin
■  fixation
■  by extensive contusions greater loss of blood could appear!
Sprains
First Aid:
■  don't dispel
■  elevate the limb
■  cool the affected part
■  visit doctor
Luxation - dislocation
First Aid:
■   ensure in the forced position
■   don't attempt to relocate the joint!
- dial EMS 155
RTG: Luxation
Accident mechanism - luxation
'Clavicle Humerus                                     (collarbone)
Scapula
Flegel, 2004
Fractures
First Aid:
■   immobilize, don't attempt to relocate the fracture!
■   cool with exception of the long bones fractures
■   by the long bones -measures against shock
■   dial EMS 155
Fractures
fixation of the upper limb
Elevation sling -use the triangular bandage
Foto: Zuchová, 2008
Fractures
fixation of the lower limb
don t attempt to relocate the fracture, dial EMS 155!
Use splints only in case of necessity of transport by laymen!
Beránková a kol., 2002
Loss of blood - fractures
Shock danger!
Beránková a kol., 2002
0,8 litre
5 litres
2,5 litres
1 litre