Religion and politics in Slovakia Andrea Bukovská Lukáš Vetrák 23468036.jpg Main points of presentation •1. Historical backgrounds of religion •2. Relationship between religion and politics •3. Religion and its role in education •4. Current challenges towards religion •5. Resources 3D-Man-Presenting-Intro-Image.jpg Basic notions about Slovakia •Central European state •Slovakia is recognized as a religious country with 75,5 % of beleviers ( Roman Christians – 62 %, Lutherans - 5,9 %, Greek Catholics - 3,8%, Reformed Christians– 1,8 %, the others – not believers, without confession) •The majority of beleviers are made of Christians -> •who practice their belief in everyday life, visit churches and participate in christian activities. There are 18 registered churches • •Slovakia quarantee its inhabitants the freedom of religon • • map-slovakia.jpg Historical background of religion •1. Great Moravian Empire- arrival of 2 apostoles – Cyril and Method – spreading of Christianity •2. Austro – Hungarian empire ( 906/7 -1918) – Slovakia was part again just part of huge geographic unit where the religious majority was Christianity •3. Czechoslovakia First republic (1918-1938) •4. Slovak state (1939-1945) – authoritative régime, corporate division of society, clero-fascist ideology •Communist régime (1948-1989) suppression of religion Politics and religon • • • • • •Since Slovakia´s independece 5-6 relevant political parties in Parliament (National Council of Slovak republic) •Christian oriented: KDH (Christian democratic movement), SDKU-DS (Slovak democratic and christian union), SNS (Slovak national Party) •Others: SMER-SD (social democrats), SAS (Freedom and Solidarity), Most-Hid (hungarian minority party), Ordinary people Signpost-showing-the-poli-006.jpg Parties cooperating with Church (Catholic) •KDH: programme aimed on believers, traditional values, family, marriage, cultural roots, economic liberals •SDKU-DS: up to 2012 family, children, integration to NATO EU, now loosing electorate •Smer-SD: populists, strong state, state intervention, agreement with Cat. church not to open controversial themes 23uqusm.jpg Causes of close relation between parties and church •1. Weak political willingness- believers 75,5 % of slovak population •2. Strong position of Catholic Church- 62 % of slovak population •3. Different views on state-church relation •Example: Constitutional amendment on Marriage pro Christian – an unique union of one man and one woman •Vs •Slovakia is free democratic country , no ideology or state religion Political parties with the highest number of valid votes casted by wards Candidate that polled the highest number of valid voters in the electoral district What the institution says about education and religion •Two basic acts: •ACT 308/1991 ZB. •Law of freedom of religon belief and placement of church and religous groups • ACT 395/2004 Z.z. •Agreement between Slovak republic and registered churches and religous groups about religious education Religion as part of education •Education: state and church •About 200 religious schools- elementary, secondary schools, Universities, other educational organization •Education in religious schools are organized in accoradance of studying plan approved by Ministry of education of Slovak republic •Religous schools receive the same financial support in accordance with legal order as state schools •Children can choose between religon and ethics, voluntary • skola.jpg Finance in education •1. From state budget – schools, in which education is seeems as preparation for practicing work in that region •4 churches denied the financial support from state •2. From taxes of villages, upper regional unit •A, all types of schools( kindergardens, elementary, secondary schools) from 1.1. 2005 •B, all types of schools ogranized by Church or private sector from 1.1.2007 • BooksMoneyScale.jpg Finance devoted to Churches from state budget ( in euros) Chruch 2000 2014 2015 Roman Catholic Chruch 9 935 006 22 144 957 22 357 404 Augsburg Lutheran Church 1 820 255 3 777 481 3 816 991 Greek Catholic Church 1 536 513 3 879 145 3 926 448 Finance in education • •Schools • For each student there is normative contribution – fix amount of money paid for one student •Normative finance is not sufficient enough for proper working of schools - > Taxes from villages supports schools with reconstructions and biger investments ->schools receive finance from the state and church as well Finance in education •Village establishes the amount of contribution for each student – managing of state and non state money as well •For a student of religious educational facillities there is 88 % of basic contribution for a student of state educational facillities Current challenges for society •Slovak same-sex marriage referrendum 2015 • •-founded by Alliance for family • •-huge debate between supporters and opponents – christian believrs versus libertines • •Three basic questions: • •1. Do you agree that marriage is the bond between man and woman, nobody else? •2. Do you agree that the couple of same sex are not allowed to adopt child and bring it up? •3. Do you agree that children do not have to participate in sexual education and euthasnasion at school without permission of parents? • To remember: •Strong bond between state and church •Influence of church every sector - Church recognized as strong source of power •Slovakia consists mostly of believers remember.jpg Resources • •MESEŽNIKOV, Grigorij. Financovanie politických strán v SR: společensko-politický a právny kontext, štatistické prehľady, prax. Bratislava: Inštitút pre verejné otázky, 2014, 67 s. ISBN 9788089345465 • •RYBÁŘ, Marek. Medzi štátom a spoločnost'ou: politické strany na Slovensku po roku 1989. 1. vyd. Bratislava: [s.n.], 2011, 157 s. ISBN 9788089493067 • •ODLUKA CIRKVI OD ŠTÁTU –PODMIENKA A NEVYHNUTNÝ PREDPOKLAD •ROZVOJA MODERNEJ OBČIANSKEJ SPOLOČNOSTI •http://www.politickevedy.fpvmv.umb.sk/userfiles/file/3_2010/2_surmanek.pdf • https://www.minedu.sk/data/att/959.pdf •http://old.culture.gov.sk/cirkev-nabozenske-spolocnosti/legislatva/zkony/zkon-.-308/1991-zb •http://www.culture.gov.sk/vdoc/250/pravne-postavenie-a-ekonomicke-zabezpecenie-registrovanych-cirk vi-a-nabozenskych-spolocnosti-2f.html • •Cirkevné školy na Slovensku - viete ako fungujú?. MINEDU [online]. [cit. 2015-04-20]. Dostupné z: •http://www.rodinka.sk/predskolak/skolak/cirkevne-skoly-na-slovensku-viete-ako-funguju/ • •Financovanie. MINEDU [online]. [cit. 2015-04-20]. Dostupné z: https://www.minedu.sk/financovanie/ •http://www.culture.gov.sk/vdoc/253/pravne-postavenie-a-ekonomicke-zabezpecenie-registrovanych-cirk vi-a-nabozenskych-spolocnosti-2f.html •http://volby.statistics.sk/nrsr/nrsr2012/graf/kart3.jsp@lang=en.htm •http://volby.statistics.sk/prez/prez2014/Prezident-dv/Kartogram3d_en.html •http://spravy.pravda.sk/domace/clanok/169242-vplyv-cirkvi-rastie-najmae-vdaka-kdh/ • Resourceshelp.jpg