Right-wing Radicalism in Europe I. (fascism, nazism)

                                           Miroslav Mareš

                                Course  EUP 408 Radicalism in Europe

                             School of Social Studies of the MU in Brno

                                         Fall Semester 2005

                                            20. 10. 2005



                                 Typology of contemporary far right

*      Authoritarian  conservatism

*      Fascism/neo-fascism

*      Nazism/neo-nazism

*      New populist right  

                         Historical development of the far right in Europe

                                         Fascism and nazsim

Common ideas:

-       Irrationalism

-       Social darwinism

-       Nationalism

-       The state

-       The leadership principle

-       Racism (more in the national socialism)

-       Anti-communism (Sargent 1981: 132)



German national socialism: antisemitism, German "Lebensraum", "New European Order" under German
Nazi-leadership

Italian Fascim: corporativism





                                        Theories of fascism

*      Social pathology

*      Reaction to communism 

*      Instrument of capital and conservative forces

                                     Neofascism and neo-nazism

*      Movements, groups and parties with similar goals and methods as historical fascism or nazism.



*      Post-fascism/nazism: organizational and ideological links

*      Neo-fascism/nazism: only ideological links



                                  Neo-fascist and neonazi parties

*       Fascism/nazism is a question of identity.

*        Real goals are not included in programmes (impossible democratic law system), except
illegal parties

*       Mainly marginal position within party systems, except the National democratic party of
Germany (NPD) in Saxony and Social Alternative -- List of Mussolini (AS-LM) in European Parliament
(from Italy)

*       Transnational European Organization: European National Front (ENF)

                              Other Forms of neo-fascism and neonazim

                                           Bibliography:

*      Sargent, L. T. (1981): Contemporary Political Ideologies. Homewood: The Dorsey Press.

*      Mareš, M. (2003): Pravicový extremismus a radikalismus v ČR. Brno: Centrum strategických
studií.

*      Mareš, M. (2005): Terorismus v ČR. Brno: Centrum strategických studií



Foto/Posters: BBC, BZÖ, ENF, IDGR, NW, Strormfront.