Political Issues and Social Policy in the E.U.
                                       Professor John Wilton
                                             Lecture 7
                                   Immigration and asylum policy

                           Political Issues and Social Policy in the E.U.
                                             Lecture 7

Treaty of Amsterdam, 1997

      - called for measures to be introduced by the       year 2002 to ensure the absence of any
      control on persons when crossing internal        borders in the E.U.

                           Political Issues and Social Policy in the E.U.
                                             Lecture 7

 By middle of 1990s main sources of immigrants into E.U. were from Yugoslavia, Turkey, Algeria,
Morocco

-             Germany …. 1,918,000 Turks

                        930,000 Yugoslavs

-             France …….    614,000 Algerians

                                 573,000 Moroccans

                                 198,000 Turks

                           Political Issues and Social Policy in the E.U.
                                             Lecture 7

-              U.K. …… 1,281,000 people from non-                                 E.U. countries
(included                                130,000 Africans and
                                        322,000 from India,                                         
Pakistan and Bangladesh)



-              Belgium …  145,000 Moroccans

                               88,000 Turks



      

                           Political Issues and Social Policy in the E.U.
                                             Lecture 7

-             Netherlands ……. 203,000 Turks

                                    165,000 Moroccans



-             Italy …………….  97,000  Moroccans

                                     73,000 Yugoslavs





                           Political Issues and Social Policy in the E.U.
                                             Lecture 7

 

                           Political Issues and Social Policy in the E.U.
                                             Lecture 7

2 main reasons why migration flows into most E.U. countries continue:

-             capacity  of E.U. states to police their borders effectively and maintain strict
controls over immigration is limited;

-             many E.U. states dependent on migration to meet varying requirements of internally
different labour markets

                           Political Issues and Social Policy in the E.U.
                                             Lecture 7

Schengen Accord, 1990

       - France, Germany, Netherlands, (and        later) Italy

Treaty of Amsterdam, 1997

       - formal integration of Schengen Accord

       - E.U. take responsibility border free         area (except UK, Denmark, Ireland)

                           Political Issues and Social Policy in the E.U.
                                             Lecture 7

-             up to early 1980s …. around 100,000 asylum applications each year

-             1992 ….. Over 660,000 asylum applications

-             Post May 2004 E.U. enlargement

      -       623,000 Poles

      -       30,600 Czechs

      -       115,000 Slovaks

      applied to work in other E.U. states (May 2004 to May 2006)