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Energy efficiency
Lukáš Lehotský
Masaryk University, Brno
Conceptual notes
What is energy efficiency?
Why energy efficiency?
Source: IEA Capturing multiple benefits of EE
EE has impacts on multiple levels
Source: IEA Capturing multiple benefits of EE
Energy efficiency
Energy savings
Pre-implementation
consumption
Rebound effect/Jevons paradox
EE/ES vs. Environmental policies
How to assess impact of EE/ES
policies?
60
70
80
90
100
110
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
%of1990
Energy of households for
space heating
Source: European Environment Agency
60
70
80
90
100
110
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
%of1990
Energy of households for
space heating
Energy consumption for
space heating per sqm
Floor area
Source: European Environment Agency
Energy intensity
Energy intensity 2015
Source: Author, Eurostat data indicator tsdec360
Final energy intensity 2015 - adjusted
Source: Author, ODYSSEE-MURE data
Energy intensity 2015
Source: Author, Eurostat data indicator tsdec360
Final energy intensity 2015 - adjusted
Source: Author, ODYSSEE-MURE data
Source: IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators: Essentials for Policy Making
Policy measures
What are technical/investment
measures – what can be done?
Taxation
Regulations and rules
Financial instruments:
Green investment schemes
Energy obligation schemes:
White certificates
Energy services:
Energy Performance Contracting
Energy services - logic
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8
Energy price Investment Original consumption
Energy services - logic
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8
Energy price Investment Original consumption Overall target Savings target
Energy services - logic
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8
Energy price Investment Original consumption Overall target Savings target
Energy services - logic
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8
Energy price Investment Original consumption Overall target Savings target
Voluntary agreements and other
soft measures
Should efficiency/savings be
market based?
Efficiency policies – EU
framework
Europe 2020
2020 efficiency target explained
Source: http://eedguidebook.energycoalition.eu/
2012/27/EU
Energy efficiency directive
• Under review
• Focus on (public) buildings
• Efficiency obligation vs. alternative
measures
Source: Author, Enspol – Energy Saving Policies and Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme
• 2009/125/EC (Ecodesign)
• 2010/30/EU (Energy labelling)
• 2010/31/EU (Energy performacnce of
buildings II) – under review
Energy efficiency policies in
Czech Republic
Reasons for choice of alternative scheme
Avoid increases
in end-user prices
Incorporate
existing programmes
Maintain
governmental
oversight
Utilize EU financing
while available
Avoid risks of
implementation of
unknown scheme
National EE action plan 2016
Czech target in savings 2014
6.83
13.65
20.48
27.30
34.13
40.95
47.78
0.00
6.83
13.65
20.48
27.30
34.13
40.95
47.78
54.61
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Source: National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency 2014
Czech target in savings 2016
6.43
12.87
20.91
28.95
38.6
48.25
57.9
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Source: National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency 2016
Measures and resources
Risks of the state-managed
efficiency measures
Czech target in savings 2016/2017
6.43
12.87
20.91
28.95
38.6
48.25
57.9
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Source: National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency 2016
Expected savings by 2020
Program Predicted (PJ) Actual (PJ)
Enterprises and innovations Operational
Program (EU)
20,0 9,6
Operational Program Environment (EU) 5,0 5,0
Integrated Regional Operational Program
(EU)
3,5 3,5
New Green Savings (GIS) 14,4 10,3
“Prague – Pole of Growth” Operational
Program (EU)
0,01 0,01
EFEKT (National) 0,14 0,4
Total 43,05 28.81
Source: Sochor 2017
Thank you for your attention!