Instituce zabývající se správou dat a vývojem nástrojů pro jejich analýzu a poskytováním informací

*       Evropský institut pro bioinformatiku (EBI)

  --     Hinxton, Velká Británie, genomová databáze EMBL

  --     http://www.ebi.ac.uk

  

  



ExPASy Molecular Biology server

  --     http://www.expasy.ch

  

Např. PROSITE - Database of protein families and domains

Pdb Viewer - http://www.expasy.org/spdbv/





Vyhledávání podobností sekvencí

    *    BLAST http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST

    *    FASTA http://www.ebi.ac.uk/fasta3

    

    

    

    

  



                                   Sanger Method: Generating Read

*       Start at primer          (restriction site)

*       Grow DNA chain

*       Include ddNTPs

*       Stops reaction at all possible points

*       Separate products by length, using gel electrophoresis

                                     Traditional DNA Sequencing

                                     Different Types of Vectors

                                      Electrophoresis Diagrams

                                    Reading an Electropherogram

*      Filtering



*      Smoothening



*      Correction for length compressions



*      A method for calling the nucleotides -- PHRED





                                     Finding Overlapping Reads

Create local multiple alignments from the overlapping reads

                             Sequencing by Hybridization (SBH): History





                                 in situ  oligonucleotide synthesis
                                       NimbleGen Systems Inc.



*      Digital Micromirror Device (DMD)

*      Up to 386.000 features per chip





                                Evolutionary Tree of Humans (mtDNA)





   The evolutionary  tree separates one group of Africans from a group containing all five
populations.

                                   Human Migration Out of Africa