Embryology
/organogenesis/
Development and teratology
of
sensory organs

Embsmall

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eyedevdiasmall
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eardevdiasmall pimg_715201164340393
•              EYE                                              EAR
•Day 22:  sulcus opticus (neuroectoderm)          Day 22: otic placode (ectoderm)

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•
eyedevdiasmall
•
pimg_715201164340393
•EYE
•Sulcus opticus (1)
•
•Optic vesicle → cup (2-3)
•    (week 4)
•----------------------------------
•
•Lens placode (2)
•
•Lens vesicle (2-3)

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•DEVELOPMENT                        of the EYE
•
•NEUROECTODERM:
•     OPTIC GROOVE (evagination of
•     prosencephalon) give rise to OPTIC
•     VESICLE (CUP) develops into retina,
•     OPTIC STALK of optic vesicle
•     give rise to optic nerve
•
•ECTODERM:
•     LENS PLACODE a LENS VESICLE
•     and
•     VENTRAL CORNEAL EPITHELIUMÞ
•
•MESENCHYME:
•     all other components of the eye (sclera,
•     choroid, ciliary body, iris, vitreous
•     body, cornea except its Þ ventral epith.)
Eye1a pimg_715201164340393

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Development of the eye
Smyslové orgány I - 25
•sulcus opticus                     optic vesicles                                  optic cup
•                                           + lens placode                                + lens
vesicle

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Smyslové orgány II - 3
•Hyaloid artery and vein in choroidal fissure
•Lens vesicle
•Surface
•ectoderm
•2 layers of optic cup
•              Retina
•
•
•Optic stalk
•       nervus opticus
•

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Smyslové orgány I - 26


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Smyslové orgány I - 27


•9
Smyslové orgány I - 28


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•IN EYEBALL:
•
•Retina – from neuroectoderm of mesencephalon
•Lens cristalina – from ectoderm
•Conjunctival epithelium – from ectoderm
•All other – from mesenchym
•
•EYELID
•– from ectoderm + mesenchym
•
•

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lens Gray864 eyed2
•Lens growth is induced by optic vesicle

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Teratology of the eye
•Anophthalmia
•Microphthalmia
•Aphakia
•Coloboma                (iris, eyelid)
•Congenital cataracta                           or glaucom
•Congenital                          ptosis of                             eyelid
microphthalmia2 6702840f15th McCann_right_eye 2367860225_0f9888400f eyes1 50021X-fx24
•no lens
1_1003_5

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Smyslové orgány II - 18
•auricle              external                      tympanic cavity,         inner ear
•                         acoustic meatus         Eustachian tube
•
•mesenchyme    the 1st                        the 1st                       ectodermal
•tubercules (6)    pharyngeal cleft         pharyngeal pouch     otocyst
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

•14
•
•
•EAR
•ECTODERM:
•Otic placode (1)
•    (day 22)
•Otic pit (2)
•Otocyst (3-4)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•The 1st ECTODERMAL
•cleft:
•Meatus acusticus
•
eardevdiasmall
•The 1st
•ENDODERMAL pouch:
•Auditory tube +
•Tympanic cavity
•Inner ear:
•Utriculus + semic. ducts
•Sacculus + cochlear duct
•Tympanic membrane
•Ossicles
•
•

•15
Smyslové orgány II - 7
Otic placode  – thickening of ectoderm
       Otic pit
       Otic vesicle =
otocyst:
          epithelium of membranous labyrinth, incl. sensory ep.  originate from ectoderm
Development of the inner ear

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Smyslové orgány II - 8
Otic pit Þ otic vesicle (otocyst)

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Smyslové orgány II - 9
Differentiation of the otocyst into membanous labyrinth:
V
E
N
T
R
A
L
L
Y
D
O
R
S
A
L
L
Y

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Smyslové orgány II - 15
Development of tympanic membrane and cavity
Development of the ear ossicles
•The 1st and 2nd branchial arch: 1 - cartilago Meckeli ð maleus, incus
•                                                    2 - cartilago Reicherti ð stapes

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invertedfetus Smyslové orgány II - 14
Development of the outer ear
 from mesenchyme of the 1st and 2nd arch, covered with ectoderm ð 6 tubercles (3 ventral + 3
dorsal)

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Teratology:
congenital malformations of the ear
•Anomalies of:
•
•Outer ear:                              anotia, macrotia, microtia, preauricular protuberances and
sinuses, meatus atresia
•Middle ear: congenital fixation of stapes
•Inner ear:  aplasia –hypoplasia of labyrinth (rubeola in mother), salicyl preparates using during
the 1st trimester)
•Hypacusia or deafness:
•
•
•conductive
•
•
•
•
•sensorineural (perceptive)
•

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https://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/771/flashcards/1234771/jpg/cear1330213890701.jpg
http://www.huidziekten.nl/afbeeldingen/preauricular-sinus-3.jpg
http://synapse.koreamed.org/ArticleImage/0052KJP/kjped-53-1018-g001-l.jpg
https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/images/thumb/0/09/Preauricular_sinus.jpg/300px-Preaur
icular_sinus.jpg http://img.medscapestatic.com/pi/meds/ckb/56/44856tn.jpg
https://static-content.springer.com/image/prt%3A978-3-642-23499-6%2F13/MediaObjects/978-3-642-23499
-6_13_Part_Fig3-842_HTML.jpg
•Meatus atresia

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end


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Smyslové orgány II - 20
•Bony labyrinth
•from mesenchym
•Cochlea
•Vestibulum
•Canales semicirculares
•Membranous labyrinth
•from ectoderm – epithelium,
•
•from mesenchyme – rest (membrana basilaris, perilymphatic spaces and their epithelium)
•Ductus cochlearis
•Sacculus
•Utriculus
•Ductus semicirculares
•Ductus et saccus endolymphaticus