POLYGRAPHY
Evaluation of systolic time intervals


POLYGRAPHY – simultaneous recording of several physiological parameters using various non-invasive
or invasive methods
PHONOCARDIOGRAPHY -  recording of heart sounds
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY - recording of cardiac electrical activity
SPHYGMOGRAPHY - graphical record of the arterial pulse
!pulse recorded on a. carotis is shifted in time axis regarding aortal pulse!

CARDIAC CYCLE
SYSTOLE
DIASTOLE
Izovolumic contraction duration (IVC)
Isovolumic relaxation duration (IVR)
Ejection phase duration (LVET)
Filling phase duration (PF)

systole
diastola


systole
diastole
begining of aorta
!!! a. carotis

systole
diastole
How to measure duration of cardiac cycle?

systole
diastole
How to measure duration of cardiac cycle?
RR interval
SBP - SBP
S1 - S1
DBP - DBP

systole
diastole
How to measure duration
 of systole and diastole?

systole
diastole
S1 – S2
S2 – S1
How to measure duration
 of systole and diastole?

systole
diastole
How to measure duration
 of isovolumic contraction
and ejection time?

systole
diastole
LVET
LVET = left ventricule ejection time
IVC from aortal sphygmography
 (S1 – DBP)
By computing because of time shift:
IVC = systole – ejection phase = S1S2 - LVET
How to measure duration
 of isovolumic contraction
and ejection time?

systole
diastole
How to measure
electromechanical  systole (QS2)
and preejection period (PEP)?

systole
diastole
QS2
Elektromechanická systola QS2
preejection period  from aortal sphygmography (Q – DBP)
By computing because of time shift:
PEP = QS2 - LVET
Elektromechanical latency (EML) can be measured: Q – S1
In other case by computing
EML = QS2 – S1S2
EML
How to measure
electromechanical  systole (QS2)
and preejection period (PEP)?

What does an index dP/dt mean?



INDEX  of CONTRACTILITY
In clinics:  the maximal speed of the pressure increase during IVC (immediately before opening of
aortal valve, at the end of IVC)
In practicals: average speed of pressure increase during IVC:
Pressure difference between the end and the beginning of IVC
Duration of IVC
=
DBP - 8
IVC
(8 mmHg approximately corresponds to the pressure in the end of diastole, beginning of the left
ventricular systole, and the left atrial pressure)
What does an index dP/dt mean?