THERMOREGULATION
AND SYMPATHETIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Death
Heat stroke
Hard exercise, fever
Normal body temperature
(36,3 – 37,1°C)
Loss of consciousness
Cardiac arrhythmias
Seriously impaired thermoregulation
Effective thermoregulation
Impaired thermoregulation
Cessation of thermoregulation
HYPERTHERMIAHYPOTHERMIA
Peripheral
Thermoreceptors
Central Thermoreceptors
Thermoregulatory Centre
Skin
Arterioles
Skeletal
Muscle
Sweat Glands
Skin
Temperature
Visceral
Temperature
Deep Brain
Temperature
CoreBodyTemperature
Set Point
Ambient Temperature
Behavior
Variations of core body temperature
• Cirkadian rhythm
• Menstrual cycle
(circamensal rhythm)
• Seasonal variations
(circannual rhythm)
• Ageing
Body temperature measurement
Ambient temperature (°C)
Body temperature (°C)
23 25 3127 29 33
31
35
33
37
Thermoneutral zone
Skin temperature
Rectal temperature
Skin blood flow controle
• Apical skin
– a-v anastomoses
– Vasocontriction: Sympath (NA-α1)
– Vasodilation: pasive
• Non-apical skin
– Vasocontriction: Sympath (NA-α1)
– Vasodilation: Sympath (Ach-?)
Infrared Thermography
Infrared thermal
images of the anterior
body for two athletes
Adopted from:
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
655 (2015) 012062
doi:10.1088/1742-6596/655/1/012062
Lewis (1930):
„hunting reaction“
Convection - expired air
Convection
Radiation, Conduction
Evaporation:
Skin and lungs
Total heat production
Total heat loss
Exercise (J)
Energetic exchange (kcal/h)
Rest Exercise
Peripheral
Thermoreceptors
Central Thermoreceptors
Thermoregulatory Centre
Skin
Arterioles
Skeletal
Muscle
Sweat Glands
Skin
Temperature
Visceral
Temperature
Deep Brain
Temperature
CoreBodyTemperature
Set Point
Ambient Temperature
Behavior
Infrared Thermography
Infrared thermal images of the
anterior body for two athletes
before, during and after
excercise
Adopted from:
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
655 (2015) 012062
doi:10.1088/1742-6596/655/1/012062