Repetition of the tissues
•
•Epithelial tissue
•Connective tissue, cartilage, bone
•Muscle tissue
•Nervous tissue
•Blood

Epithelial tissue
•
•
•
B
M
A
Y
A
S
R
O
V
C
G
E
E
E
A
O
L
M
S
L
P
S
V
A
E
O
A
C
I
C
E
N
N
R
R
M
Y
T
S
U
R
D
T
E
P
I
T
H
E
L
I

U
M
S
T
N
O
E
N
A
N
L
E
P
I
A
K
L
S
R
G
A
M
I
V
B
E
I
O
ep
R
B
R
E
A
R
A
R
ep
R
A
S
A
L
Y
A
T
A
T
C
ep
N
O
L
I
E
E
R
I
N
L
Y
S
L
ep
S

Define, describe, explain
•Basal lamina, basement membrane
•Basal labyrinth – occurence and importance
•Brush or striated border – its importance
•Types of intercellular junctions in epithelium
•Cytoskeleton of epith. cells, cytokeratin
•Free surface modifications of epith. cells
•Transitional ep. versus ep. of transitional zones
•Classification of epithelium
•Origin of epithelium
•
•

Classification of epithelial tissue:
Covering     simple        squamous
                                     cuboidal
                                     columnar
                                     pseudostratified columnar
                   stratified         squamous            keratinized
                                        columnar              non-keratinized
                                        transitional
Glandular               unicellular              exocrine              exoepithelial
                              multicellular           endocrine             endoepithelial
              alveolar                       serous
                   tubular               mucous                   merocrine
                   tuboalveolar mixed                            apocrine
                                                                          holocrine
Respiratory
Resorptive       morphologicaly and functionaly specialized epithelia
Sensory

Classification of glands (glandular epithelial tissue):
       unicellular
                                      exocrine              exoepithelial
      multicellular           endocrine             endoepithelial

alveolar                       serous
     tubular               mucous                         merocrine
       tuboalveolar mixed                               apocrine
                                                                        holocrine

Simple      branched     compound

Define, describe, explain
•Ingestion – diffusion, selective resorption, pinocytosis
•Secretions synthesis – proteosynthetic organelles
•Types of secretion – merocrine, apocrine, holocrine
•Unicellular glands - Goblet cell, gastro-entero-pancreatic endocrine cells, Paneth cell
•Serous acinus
•Mucous tubule
•Serous demilune
•Myoepithelial cells
•

Connective tissue
http://casweb.cas.ou.edu/pbell/Histology/Images/Cartoons/connective.GIF
O
S
H
M
S
Y
B
E
R
I
A
O
S
E
F
F
O
L
C
O
N
N
E
C
T
I
V
E
T
I
S
S
U
E
A
E
N
O
I
B
L
C
T
R
R
C
L
C
E
A
A
E
O
T
H
L
U
R
S
T
O
N
I
Y
A
L
S
T
I
N
I
L
M
G
A
I
O
C
A
E
E
R
C
N
A
G
N
C
E
I
D

Define, describe, explain
•Classification of connective tissue proper
•Origin of connective tissue
•Fibers – types and characteristic
•Ground substance – composition
•Cells – fixed and mobile, characteristic, function
•
•
•

Define, describe, explain
•Types of cartilage, examples of an occurrence
•Perichondrium
•Chondroblasts, chondrocytes – lacunae
•Isogenic group – teritorial matrix
•Interteritorium
•Fibers – types
•Ground amorphous substance – composition
•Apositional growth of cartilage
•Interstitial growth of cartilage

Define, describe, explain
•Types of bone tissue
•Periosteum, endosteum
•Sharpey‘s fibers
•Bone cells – localization in bone, function
•Fibers – types
•Ground amorphous substance – composition
•Bone lamellae – Haversian systems, interstitial and circumferential (outer and inner) lamellae
•Canaliculi ossium
•Haversian and Volkmann‘s canal
•Ossification - types
•Ossification zones, osteoid, ossein

Muscle tissue
S
A
C
R
C
A
T
C
S
O
R
M
-
A
O
K
N
D
U
T
M
U
S
C
L
E
T
I
S
S
U
E
Y
M
T
E
L
R
A
A
C
B
O
O
I
M
E
A
C
R
L
U
S
O
N
M
T
C
C
E
L
I
T
A
A
T
O
E
N
H
L
I
M
O
E
N
R
E

Myofibrils actin myosin myofilaments with I and H bands, H zone, Z line
Describe myofibril and sarcomere:                      ?  band ?
      ? filaments
          ? line
? line
? zone
? line
? filaments

•Define, describe, explain
•Rhabdomyocyte
•Sarcolemma
•T-tubule, terminal cisternae, triad, diad
•Sarcoplasmic reticulum
•Myofibril
•Sarcomere
•Myofilament
•Actin
•Troponin, tropomyosin
•Myosin

•Define, describe, explain
•
•A-band, I-band
•Z-line, M-line, H-zone
•Cardiomyocyte
•Intercalated disc
•Leiomyocyte
•Motor-end-plate
•Endomysium
•Perimysium
•Epimysium
•

Nervous tissue
S
Y
N
A
N
P
A
A
C
G
I
M
D
E
X
P
E
L
S
Y
N
E
R
V
O
U
S
T
I
S
S
U
E
E
N
I
N
E
Y
A
L
L
U
D
K
S
L
L
B
I
R
R
A
Ch
C
O
N
O
I
R
O
E
D
N
T
Y
L
L
I
S
E
O
I
L
E
N
N
S
S

Define, describe, explain
•Neuron – perikaryon – neurite – dendrite
•Nissl substance
•Axon hillock
•Myeline sheath
•Schwann sheath
•Mesaxon
•Internodium
•Node of Ranvier
•Neuron – classification
•Synapse (presynaptic knobe, synaptic cleft, postsynaptic memrane)
•Neurotransmitter
•

Define, describe, explain
•Neuroglia - classification
•Oligodendroglia
•Astrocytes
•Microglia (of Horteg)
•Ependyma - tanycytes
•Schwann cells
•Satelite cells
•
•
•
in CNS
in PNS

Motor-end-plate
(acetylcholinesterase detection)


•Slides:                                                                                 1
•Labium oris – epithelium (covering + glands, connective t., muscle t.
•Apex linguae – muscle t.,  glands
•Gl.submandibularis – secretory units, duct epithelium
•Oesophagus – epithelium, connective t., muscle t.
•Intestines – epithelium, connective t., muscle t.
•Vesica fellea – epithelium, connective t., muscle t.
•Epiglottis – epithelium, connective t., cartilage
•Trachea – epithelium, connective t., cartilage
•Ren – epithelia
•Calyx renalis – epithelium
•

•Slides:                                                                                 2
•Female urethra – epithelium
•Male urethra – epithelium
•Ureter – epithelium
•Ovary – epithelium
•Tuba uterina – epithelium
•Uterus – epithelium
•Vagina – epithelium, connective t.
•Artery and vein
•Lien – impregn. - epithelium
•Skin with hair – epithelium, connective t.
•Skin from the finger tip – epithelium, connective t.
•

•Slides:
3                                                                                 1
•
•Palpebra – epithelium, connective t., muscle t.
• Posterior segment of eye – connective t.
•Auricle – epithelium, connective t., cartilage
•Umbilical cord – connective t.
•Cortex cerebri – neurons
•Cerebellum – neurons
•Medulla spinalis – neurons
•Ganglion spinale – neurons, satelite cells
•Peripheral nerve – neurits, Schwann cells, myelin
•Bone
•Ossification
•
•

Repetition of blood
•Composition of the blood
•Hematocrit
•Hemoglobin
•Erythrocytes – shape, size, density per 1 ml
•Reticulocytes
•Anisocytosis
•Poikilocytosis
•Polycythemia (= polyglobulia)
•

•Granulocytes
•Agranulocytes
•Number of leukocytes per 1ml or l
•Anemia
•Leukocytopenia
•Thrombocyte
•Number of thrombocytes per 1ml
•Hyalomere, granulomere

•Bone marrow structure
•Erythropoiesis
•Granulocytopoiesis
•Megakaryocyte
•Endomitosis
•
•Differential white cell count (DWCC)
•Anomalies of DWCC
•Shift to the left or to the right
•

red_white_blood_cells
Neutrophilic granulocytes: 10-12 mm in Æ
„band“
4 % in DWCC
„segment“
67 % in DWCC

1_basophil
Basophilic granulocyte: 8 mm in Æ, only 1 % in DWCC


eosinophil1a eosinophil4
Eosinophilic granulocyte: up to 14 mm in Æ, 3 % in DWCC


Normal-peripheral-blood-lymphocyte-100x-website-arrow nh%20monocyte%20x100b
Lymfocyte
Monocyte
5 % in DWCC
20 % in DWCC

Thank for your attention