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Department of Anatomy
Urinary system
MUDr. Marek Joukal, Ph.D.
Ren
Calices renales
Pelvis renalis
Ureter
Vesica urinaria
Urethra masculina
Urethra feminina
Kidney
Extremitas superior
Extremitas inferior
Facies anterior
Facies posterior
Margo lateralis
Margo medialis
Capsula fibrosa
Hilus (hilum) renalis
Calices renales
Pelvis renalis
Arteria renalis
Vena renalis
SINUS RENALIS:
Morphology of the kidney
Capsula fibrosa
Cortex renalis
Medulla renalis
Columnae renales
Pars radiata corticis
Pyramides renales
Papilla renalis
Foramina papillaria (ductus papillares)
Area cribrosa
Lobulus renalis (renculus)
Renal corpuscle
(glomerulus+capsulaglomeruli)
Proximal tubulus
juxtaglomerular apparatus
Distal tubulus
The loop of Henle
Kidney vessels
Collector duct
Collector duct
NEFRON
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Cortex: Malphighi´s corpuscles 1 mill.
(corpusculum renale)
Medulla: Tubuli renales
Tubuli colligentes
Ductus papillares
2-4 rami praepelvici
ramus retropelvicus
ARTERIA RENALIS
Arteriae interlobares
Arteriae arcuatae
Arteriae rectae (medullares)
Arteriae interlobulares
Vasa afferentia
Rami capsulares
Vasa efferentia
Venulae stellatae
Venae interlobulares
Venae arcuatae
Venae rectae (medullares)
Venae interlobares
Vena renalis
Arteriae renales accesoriae Position of the kidney
Primary retroperitoneal organ
4 cm 3 cm
L1
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SIN. DX.
Diaphragm
Musculus transversus abd.
Musculus quadratus lumborum
Musculus psoas major
Facies: suprarenalis, hepatica,
duodenalis, colica, jejunalis
DX.
Sin.
Facies:
suprarenalis, gastrica, lienalis,
pancreatica, colica, jejunalis
Coverings of the kidney
Capsula adiposa
Fascia renalis
Lamina praerenalis
Lamina retrorenalis
Corpus adiposum pararenale
Transplantation of the kidney
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ren arcuatus
ren duplex ren sigmoideus
ren fungiformis
CALICES RENALES
Calices renales minores 7-14
Calices renales majores 3-4
PELVIS RENALIS
Capacity: 2-5 ml
Position: sinus renalis
hilus renalis
Dendritic type Ampular type
URETER
25-35 cm
Pars abdominalis
pelvis renalis - linea terminalis
Pars pelvina
linea terminalis - vesica urinaria
Pars intramuralis
wall of urinary bladder - ostium ureteris
Mucous membrane:
Transitional epithelium
plicae longitudinales
Muscular layer:
longitudinal (inner)
circular (outer)
Adventicia
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Ureter
Point of Lanz
Isthmus ureteris
Constrictions on the ureter Urinary bladder
250-300ml, max. app. 750 ml
Fundus vesicae
Cervix vesicae
Corpus vesicae
Apex vesicae
Morphology of urinary bladder
Mucous membrane
Transitional epithelium
folds
trigonum vesicae
Submucous tissue
Muscular layer
Peritoneum, adventicia
Trigonum vesicae Ostia ureterum
(plicae uretericae)
Ostium urethrae internum
(uvula, anulus urethralis)
Plica interureterica
Fibres of Bell
Fossa retrotrigonalis
Fossae paratrigonales
Musculus trigonalis
Opened ostium ureteris Closed ostium ureteris
Adventicia
fascia vesicae, paracystium
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Excavatio vesicouterina
Excavatio rectouterina
Excavatio rectovesicalis
Peritoneum Praeperitoneal a subperitoneal position of urinary bladder
Position of urinary bladder
Spatium retropubicum
(fascia vesicoumbilicalis)
Plica umbilicalis mediana
lig. umbilicale medianum
(urachus)
Plicae umbilicales mediales
Obliterated aa. umbilicales
Fossae supravesicales
Fossae paravesicales
Plica vesicalis transversa
Urethra feminina
Pars intramuralis
m. sphincter vesicae
(m. sphincter urethrae int.)
(m. lissosphincter urethrae)
Pars pelvina
Pars perinealis
m. sphincter urethrae (ext.)
(m. rhabdosphincter urethrae)
(m. sphincter urethrovaginalis)
Ureter fissus
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References:
Putz, R. (2008):
Atlas of Human Anatomy Sobotta. Elsevier Books.
Keith L. Moore, Arthur F. Dalley (2005):
Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Williams and
Wilkins.
Platzer, W., Kahle, W., Leonhardt H. (1992):
Locomotor system. Georg Thieme Verlag,
Stuttgart,
New York, 4th edition.
Čihák, R. (1987):
Anatomie 1. Avicenum, Zdravotnické
nakladatelství.
Netter, F. H. (1997):
Interactive Atlas of Clinical Anatomy. Novartis,
USA.