Benign skin tumors MUDr. Anna Žáková I.DVK FNUSA a LF MU •They growth expansively, so they can push to around tissue, but they don´t grow inside them, and they don´t destroy them •They keep structural and functional maturity • •Epithelial •Seborrhoic keratosis • • • • • •Mesenchymal • •Fibroma •Hemangioma •Lipoma •Keloidal scar •Dermatofibroma •Vessel‘s •Hemangioma (capillare, cavernosum, senile, angiokeratoma) •Adnexal •Syringoma •Cylindroma •Trichoepithelioma • • • • 1) Benign epithelial tu = epithelioma •Seborrheic keratosis (verruca seborrhoica, senile lentigo) • -Is the most common benign skin tumor, almost every • elderly person has several -Are most common on the: trunk (mostly back), head -They start as well-circumscribed skin-colored or tan • maculas, then they slowly become darker, thicker and larger -Léser Trelát sign – is sudden eruption of numbers verrucas- can be the sign of malignant tumor of organs (gastrointestinal systema, hematopoetic sys.) -Theraphy – no therapy is needed, but patients usually desire removal for cosmetic reasons – curettage or cryotheraphy, excision • seboroicka-veruka-detail Veruca seborrhoica seboroicka-veruka-spanek seboroicke-veruky-dyskeratozy-zada 2) adnexal tumors = adenomas -This is large family of tumors with features of eccrine, apocrine, sebaceous, or hair follicle differentiation -All can be treated by excision • •2) adnexal •Syringoma • •Cylindroma • •Pilomatrixom • •Kerathoakanthoma • •Syringoma •- From the infundibulum of the sweat glands •- 2 forms – usually periorbital, sometimes disseminated •- Clinically – multiple tiny skin-colored papules around the eyes •- Therapy – excision of solitary • •Cylindroma •- Epithelioma with apocrine differentiation •- It appears in early adult age, gradually increasing during the time •- Usually occurs on the scalp, at the begining few papules or nodules skin-colored, or red, gradually increasing the number of nodules, so they can cover whole hair - described as „turban tumour“ •- Therapy – surgical excision • • •Pilomatrixom •- Epithelioma of the hair follicle •- Common cystic childhood tumor •- Usually on the scalp or cheek •- Therapy - excision •Kerathoakanthoma •- From supraglandular part of hair follicle -it is formed in sun-exposed parts of the body (face, neck, hands) in people around 60 years, or immunosuppressed people -fast-growing solitary semicircular nodule reaching up to 2 cm in diameter within a few weeks with bulging edges and a central crater filled with horn -On the edges there are many teleangiektasias -It could spontaneously regress with scar •- Therapy - excision •3) Mezenchymal tumors •Histiocytoma, dermatofibroma •Keloid, hypertrofic scar •Fibroma molle •Angiofibroma •Leiomyoma •lipoma • •Histiocytoma fibrosum, dermatofibroma -One of the most common skin tumors -Mainly appears at younger people on extremities, sometimes on trunk -It is reactive inflamation after bite of insect or injury -It looks like solitar flat leassion or small nodule, red-brown -Therapy isn´t needed, but possible is excision • •Keloid, hypertrofic scar -A keloid results when the reparative process extends beyond bounds of the original scar -Typical are – middle chest, following cardiac surgery or ear lobes after piercing -Black individuals are more likely to develop keloids -Therapy – treatment is difficult, any maniulation may result in a worst keloid, best results are obtained with shave excision, cryotherapy, interelesional corticosteroids combined with compression -Hypertrofic scar is confined to the side of the tissue damage • keloid-ucho Keloid keloid-v-jizve-bricho •Skin tags (Fibroma molle) •- Tinny skin colored or tan papules -Typicaly on neck, axillae or groin -More common in overweight and older individuals -Small lessions can be treated by kauter or scissor‘s excision Fibrom | Dijagnoze | Ordinacija Beoderma Fibroma molle - Deximed •Angiofibrom -This is proliferation of small vessels with perivascular fibrosis -Very often create from intradermalnevus after regretion of pigmentation -Variants: -Fibrous papule of the nose – small solitary inconspicuous nasal papule -Tuberous sclerosis – facial papulos -Therapy – excision (solitary), laser (multiple leasions) •Lipom -Bordered proliferation of subcutis fat tissue -They are solitary or multiple -They‘re located in subcutaneous mass like soft, elastic oval free movable against skin and the base -It doesn‘t resolve with weight loss -Unpainful (normally) -Therapy – all can be easily excised if they‘re functionally or cosmeticaly disturbing or painful The cosmetic doctor squeezes down firmly to extract the cyst which can remain on the body without causing pain The cysts have a smelly cheesy filling in the middle that is the result of a build-up of sebum and grease • •4) Vascular •Hemagioma capillare •Hem. Cavernosum •Hem. Senile •Granuloma pyogenicum •Angiokeratoma •lymfangioma • • •Hemagioma capillare •- This is the most common vascular lesion -The greatest risk factor is low birth weight, it is present after birth or in first months of life -The common localization is on head and neck, start as blanchet makula with telangiectahes an evolves into rubbery red tumor -During regression it develops a gray sheen and heals with scarring -50% - have resolved by 5 years -70% – by 7 years -Larger takes long to resolve and leave cosmetics defects • •Hemagioma capillare • - Complication includes: • - ulceration • - scarring • - periorbital and periorificial risk of amblyopia sometimes interferes with eating or breathing • - vascular problems risk of shunting and high output cardiac failure • - agressive growth •Hemagioma capillare - Therapy -observation for low-risk lesion -Early cryotherapy may induce regression -Topical or intralesional corticosteriods and excision or laser -High risk leasons: -Systhematic corticosteroids or interferon alpha Eyelid Capillary Hemangioma | Semantic Scholar hemangiom-kapilarni-ruka •Hemangioma senile -It creates in older age on the trunk -Dark red papulas with strike borders (1 - 6 mm) -Cosmetic problems -Therapy: -diathermokoagulation -Laser and cryotherapy • Derm CK Flashcards | Quizlet hemangioma-senile-trup Hemangiom •Pyogenic granuloma -A reactive vascular proliferation in response to trauma -Charakterized by red nodule, that is usually friable with a bloody surface -Therapy: -Chemical / electrical cauterization -Laser destruction • Pyogenic granuloma | DermNet NZ What is Pyogenic Granuloma? | New York Vascular Birthmark Institute Thank you for your attention