REGIONAL ANATOMY OF
THE ABDOMEN
Ivana Hradilová Svíženská
SUPERFICIAL BORDERS OF
THE ABDOMEN
DEEP BORDERS OF THE ABDOMEN
- DIAPHRAGMA
- LINEA TERMINALIS
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SHAPE:
- SEX
- AGE
- CONSTITUTION
- ALIMENTATION
- CONTENTS
- POSITION
- CONTRACTION OF MUSCLES
- RESPIRATION
TUBERCULUM
COSTOABDOMINALE
ANGULUS INFRASTERNALIS
FOSSA
EPIGASTRICA
UMBILICUS – L3/L4
LINEA ALBA
M. RECTUS ABDOMINIS
INTERSECTIONES
TENDINEAE
PUBES
LINEA XIPHISTERNALIS
LINEA SUBCOSTALIS
LINEA INTERSPINALIS
EPIGASTRIUM
MESOGASTRIUM
HYPOGASTRIUM
REGIO EPIGASTRICA +
REGIO HYPOCHONDRIACA
DEXTRA ET SINISTRA
REGIO UMBILICALIS +
REGIO LATERALIS
DEXTRA ET SINISTRA
REGIO PUBICA +
REGIO INGUINALIS
DEXTRA ET SINISTRA
LINEA TRANSPYLORICA
LINEA INTERCRISTALIS
Appendix vermiformis: McBurney's point
(Monro's line)
Point of LANZ
(appendix
vermiformis)
Ureterolithiasis
Ventriculus:
Triangle of Labbé
transpyloric line
Fundus vesicae biliaris:
Murphy's point
Papilla Vateri:
Umbilico-axillary line
- point of Desjardins
Costoarticular line
ABDOMINAL WALL
VV. SUBCUTANEAE ABD.
V. THORACOEPIGASTRICA
V. EPIGASTRICA SPF.
V. CIRCUMFLEXA ILIUM SPF.
VV. PARAUMBILICALES
Caput medusae
A. EPIGASTRICA SPF.
A. CIRCUMFLEXA ILIUM SPF.
A. EPIGASTRICA SUP.
AA. INTERCOSTALES
A. SUBCOSTALIS
AA. LUMBALES
NN. INTERCOSTALES
N. SUBCOSTALIS
N. ILIOHYPOGASTRICUS
N. ILIOINGUINALIS
NODI LYMPHATICI AXILLARES
NODI LYMPHATICI INGUINALES SPF.
VAGINA
M. RECTI ABDOMINIS
LINEA ARCUATA
A. EPIGASTRICA SUP.
A. EPIGASTRICA INF.
A. CIRCUMFLEXA ILIUM PROF.
AA. INTERCOSTALES
A. SUBCOSTALIS
AA. LUMBALES
NLL. LUMBALES
NLL. ILIACI
NN. INTERCOSTALES
N. SUBCOSTALIS
N. ILIOHYPOGASTRICUS
N. ILIOINGUINALIS
REGIO UMBILICALIS
Plica umbilicalis mediana
- lig. umbilicale medianum
(chorda urachi)
Fossa supravesicalis
Plica umbilicalis medialis
- lig. umbilicale mediale (laterale)
(pars occlusa a. umbilicalis s.
chorda umbilicalis)
Fossa inguinalis medialis
- direct inguinal hernia
Plica umbilicalis lateralis
- vasa epigastrica inf.
Fossa inguinalis lateralis
- indirect inguinal hernia
CANALIS INGUINALIS
CANALIS INGUINALIS
Foramen v. cavae inf.
Hiatus oesophageus
Hiatus aorticus
Trigonum sternocostale
Trigonum lumbocostale
PERITONEAL CAVITY
ascites
CAVITAS ABDOMINALIS
P – cavitas peritonealis
A – spatium preperitoneale
R – spatium retroperitoneale
S – spatium subperitoneale
(infraperitoneale)
S
Intraperitoneal organs:
Abdominal part of the oesophagus, stomach, superior
part of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, appendix vermiformis,
colon transversum, colon sigmoideum, liver, spleen
Secondarily retroperitoneal organs:
Most of duodenum, pancreas, caecum, colon ascendens,
colon descendens
Primarily retroperitoneal organs:
Kidneys, suprarenal glands, aorta, vena cava inf.
Cavitas peritonealis - pars supramesocolica, inframesocolica
Pars supramesocolica
Truncus coeliacus
Right infra(meso)colic
compartment
A. mesenterica superior
Left infra(meso)colic
compartment
A. mesenterica inferior
Omentum minus - lig. hepatogastricum
- lig. hepatoduodenale - a. hepatica propria
- v. portae
- ductus hepaticus
comm.
(d.choledochus)
LIGAMENTUM HEPATODUODENALE
Omentum majus
- lig. gastrocolicum
Lig. gastrosplenicum, phrenicosplenicum, splenorenale
Mesenterium – radix mesenterii
Mesocolon transversum, mesoappendix, mesocolon
sigmoideum, lig. phrenicocolicum
RECESSUS PERITONEI
Bursa omentalis
Internal hernia
Bursa omentalis
BURSA OMENTALIS
Foramen omentale/epiploicum (Winslow)
(superior view)
Recessus superior
Recessus inferior bursae omentalis (2)
RECESSUS PERITONEALES
Recessus intersigmoideus
SPATIUM RETROPERITONEALE
(inferior view)
PERIRENAL SPACE
1. fascia renalis 5. corpus adiposum pararenale
2. lamina praerenalis 6. peritoneum
3. lamina retrorenalis 7. fascia transversalis
4. capsula adiposa
(superior view)
1. diaphragma 4. m. transversus abdominis
2. 11th rib 5. m. quadratus lumborum
3. 12th rib 6. m. psoas major
N. subcostalis
N. iliohypogastricus
N. ilioinguinalis
Th XII
Illustrations were copied from:
Čihák R: Anatomie 2 (Splanchnologia). Avicenum,
zdravotnické nakladatelství, Praha, 1988.
Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen/Sobotta.
Putz,R., und Pabst,R. 20. Auflage. München:
Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1993