Lateral (1st and 2nd) ventricles 3rd ventricle 4th ventricle Central canal
4th ventricle
Floor = rhomboid fossa
Sulcus medianus
Sulci limitantes fovea sup. (V) fovea inf. (IX, X)
Trigonum n. XII
Eminentia medialis colliculus facialis (VI)
Striae medullares
Recessus lat. (area vestibularis) Tuberculum acusticum
4th ventricle
Roof = tegmen
Velum medullare sup.
■ Fastigium
■ Velum medullare inf., tela choroidea
(pia mater+ependyma)
+ vessels = plexus choroideus
Apertura mediana Aperturae lat.
Aqueductus mesencephali - 3rd ventricle
Walls:
Rostral - columnae fornicis,
commissura ant., lamina terminalis Superior - tela choroidea
Posterior - recessus suprapinealis, com. habenularum, rec. pinealis, com. post.
Inferior - optic chiasma, infundibulum Lateral - thalamus, hypothalamus
Foramen interventriculare
Rec.
triangularis
Rec.suprapinealis,
pinealis
Rec. opticus, Aqueductus infundibuli mesencephali
Cornu/an,t. (frontale)
Pars,centraliS
Cornu post. (occipitale)
Cornu inf. (temporale)
Cornu anterius
sulcus collateralis
calcar avis
em. i.ff collateralis
Cornu inferius: hippocampus eminentia collateralis corpus callosum tela choroidea
MRI
Meninges
Calvaria
Ektomeninx- dura mater: periosteal, meningeal layers (pachymeninx)
Endomeninx (leptomeninx)
arachnoid mater
pia mater
Dural infoldings:
Falx cerebri Falx cerebelli Tentorium cereb. Diaphragma sellae Cavum trigeminale Vagina n. optici
Supply of the dura mater:
Aa. meningeae
Branches from:
a. ethm. ant. - anterior
cranial fossa
a. maxillaris - middle
cranial fossa
a. phar. asc. - posterior
cranial fossa
CN V: supratentorial compartment
C2, C3, CN X, XII: infratentorial compartment
Granulationes arachnoideales -protrude through the meningeal layer of the dura into the venous sinuses -transfer of CSF to the venous system
Pia mater
Subarachnoid cisterns :
chiasmatic
fossae lat. cerebri
interpeduncular
ambient
quadrigeminal
pontocerebellar
cerebellomedullary
Meninges of the spinal cord
Epidural space Dura mater spinalis
Subdural space Arachnoidea spinalis
Subarachnoid space Pia mater spinalis:
lig. denticulatum
Cisterna lumbalis
Medullary cone: L1-2
Dural sac: S2-3
Lumbar puncture (spinal tap)
Liquor cerebrospinalis (CSF)
Clear, colorless fluid,150 mL, secreted at the rate of 400-500 mL daily
Produced by the choroid plexuses of ventricles
Protects the brain, prevents the weight of the brain from compressing the nerves and vessels against the cranium.
Circulation:
Lateral ventricles - for. interventricular - 3rd ventricle - aquaqeductus cerebri - 4th ventricle - median and lat. apertures - subarachnoid space - sinus durae matris
Arteries of the CNS
Spinal cord
Rr. spinales
a. cervicalis asc.
a. vertebralis
a. cervicalis prof.
aa. intercostales post.
aa. lumbales
a. iliolumbalis
a. sacralis lat.
a. sacralis mediana
Rr. spinales:
aa. radiculares ant. et post.:
a. spinalis ant. (fissura med. ant.) aa. spinales post. (sulcus lat. post.)
Vv. spinales
Pix. venosi vertebr. int.
> vv. intervertebrales
> pix. venosi verteb. ext.
> pix. suboccipitalis
> vv. vertebrales
vv. cervicales prof. vv. intercostales vv. lumbales vv. sacrales lat.
Brainstem, cerebellum
Aa. cerebri post. Aa. cerebelli sup. Aa. pontis
Aa. cerebelli inf. ant. A. basilaris
Aa. cerebelli inf. post. Rr. ad med. oblong. Aa. spin. ant. et post. Aa. vertebrales
Brain
Aa. cerebri:
anterior (A. car. int.) media (A. car. int.) posterior (A. basil.)
Circulus arteriosus
■ Aa. corticales
■ Aa. centrales
■ Aa. choroideae
Veins of the brain
■ superficial
media spf.
deep veins
1. vv. septi pellucidi
2. vv. thalamostr. sup.
3. vv. choroideae sup.
= Vv. cerebri int. + Vv. cer. med. prof. + Vv. basales
V. magna cerebri
Sinus rectus
Sinus durae matris
1 rectus
2 sagittalis sup.
3 sagittalis inf.
4 occipitalis
5 transversus
6 sigmoideus
7 sphenoparietalis
8 petrosus sup.
9 petrosus inf.
10 cavernosus
11 plx. basilaris
Tributaries of sinuses
Vv. ophtalmicae Vv. labyrinthi Vv. meningeae Vv. diploicae
Vv. emissariae