Unit 7 Oral and Maxillofacial Instruments Unit 7-1 PERIOSTEAL ELEVATOR- Seldin: FUNCTION: TRAY SET-UP: To detach tissue from bone following an incision or to detach the periosteum and gingival tissues prior to placement of the extraction forceps Used for most surgical procedures: extractions, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, and cyst removal VARIETIES: Double ended with one round, blunted end and one pointed end 7A wax spatula may be used as a periosteal elevator COMMON DESIGNS:Seldin, Molt Unit 7-4 Vj STRAIGHT ELEVATORS: FUNCTION: To loosen tooth or root from bony socket prior to placement of the extraction forceps TRAY SET-UP: Tooth and root extraction VARIETIES: Single-end rounded working end in several sizes Often referred to by number- common sizes: 1, 34, 301 ANGULAR ELEVATORS- Potts: FUNCTION: To loosen tooth or root from bony socket prior to placement of the extraction forceps TRAY SET-UP: Tooth and root extraction VARIETIES: Handles may be either large and straight or T-bar design Working end may be rounded or pointed in several sizes Used in pairs COMMON DESIGNS:"flag" or Cryer, Potts, Crane Pick ROOT TIP PICKS- Angled: FUNCTION: To loosen small root fragments from bony socket TRAY SET-UP: Tooth and root extraction VARIETIES: Thin, pointed working end which may be straight or angled Single or double-ended SURGICAL CURETTES- Double ended/angular. FUNCTION: To remove tissue or debris from bony sockets TRAY SET-UP: Extraction and cyst removal VARIETIES: Usually double-ended and angular in several sizes «' 1 ff // // ď M J Unit 7-19 / ) SURGICAL CURETTES- Molt: FUNCTION: To remove tissue or debris from bony sockets TRAY SET-UP: Extraction and cyst removal VARIETIES: Usually double-ended and angular in several sizes Ľnit 7-20 VW»»»99fJPiPPPPffJÍ Unit 7-21 I HEMOSTATS: FUNCTION: TRAY SET-UP: VARIETIES: \. I To securely hold small items, clamp blood vessels, remove small pieces of tooth or bone Almost all surgical set-ups Angled or straight with locking, scissor-like handles COMMON NAMES: Mosquito, Kelly / Unit 7-22 w m w ^sr^vF^F^Fv^r^iFVFiFiriririririrLriPu Unit 7-23 T Y NEEDLE HOLDERS: FUNCTION: To hold suture needle TRAY SET-UP: Any surgical procedure requiring placement of sutures VARIETIES: Similar to hemostat but with a concave area on inside of each beak to allow for curve of suture needle n.:, n ~>A I ml 7-25 SCALPEL- Handle: FUNCTION: To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife TRAY SET-UP: Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy VARIETIES: Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: #11,12,15 SCALPEL- Blade #11: FUNCTION: To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife TRAY SET-UP: Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy VARIETIES: Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: # 11,12,15 ITnit 7-9Q r \ SCALPEL- Blade #12: FUNCTION: To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife TRAY SET-UP: Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy VARIETIES: Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: # 11, 12, 15 Unit 7-30 Hr.lt 7-^1 ■ SCALPEL- Blade #15: FUNCTION: To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife TRAY SET-UP: Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy VARIETIES: Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: # 11, 12, 15 Unit 7-32 RONGEURS- End-cutting: FUNCTION: To cut and contour bone, removes sharp edges of alveolar crest after extractions for better contour of alveolar ridge TRAY SET-UP: Multiple extractions, alveolectomy/alveoplasty VARIETIES: Scissor type handles, either side-cutting or end-cutting Unit 7-34 Unit 7-35 RONGEURS- Side-cutting: FUNCTION: To cut and contour bone, removes sharp edges of alveolar crest after extractions for better contour of alveolar ridge TRAY SET-UP: Multiple extractions, alveolectomy/alveoplasty VARIETIES: Scissor type handles, either side-cutting or end-cutting Unit 7-37 BONE CHISEL AND MALLET- Bone chisel: FUNCTION: To remove bone for better contour of alveolar ridge TRAY SET-UP: Tori removal, alveoplasty TISSUE SCISSORS- Dean: FUNCTION: To remove soft tissue and cut sutures TRAY SET-UP: Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy, multiple extractions VARIETIES: Iris, Dean, Kelly Straight or curved, 4 1/2 inch and 7 inch Unit 7-45 TISSUE SCISSORS- Iris: FUNCTION: To remove soft tissue and cut sutures TRAY SET-UP: Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy, multiple extractions VARIETIES: Iris, Dean, Kelly Straight or curved, 4 V2 inch and 7 inch r^w^wwwwwwmmmmmmMFLnnŕinrir TISSUE SCISSORS- Kelly: FUNCTION: To remove soft tissue and cut sutures TRAY SET-UP: Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy, multiple extractions VARIETIES: Iris, Dean, Kelly Straight or curved, 4 Vz inch and 7 inch ünil 7 ľ» SUTURE SCISSORS: FUNCTION: To cut sutures for removal TRAY SET-UP: Suture removal VARIETIES: 3 1/2 inch and 5 Vz inch TOWEL CLAMPS: FUNCTION: To secure surgical drapes and to secure plastic and rubber tubing to drapes TRAY SET-UP: Any procedure when face and head are draped to isolate surgical area VARIETIES: 3 V2 inch and 5 'A inch ADDITIONAL USES: To remove temporary crowns Unit 7-52 \j \j \y w ** »* Unit 7-53