Unit 7 Oral and Maxillofacial Instruments
Unit 7-1
PERIOSTEAL ELEVATOR- Seidin:
FUNCTION: To detach tissue from bone following an
incision or to detach the periosteum and gingival tissues prior to placement of the extraction forceps
TRAY SET-UP:      Used for most surgical procedures:
extractions, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, and cyst removal
VARIETIES: Double ended with one round, blunted end
and one pointed end 7A wax spatula may be used as a periosteal elevator
COMMON DESIGNS:Seldin, Molt
Unit 7-4
STRAIGHT ELEVATORS:
FUNCTION: To loosen tooth or root from bony socket
prior to placement of the extraction forcep
TRAY SET-UP:      Tooth and root extraction
VARIETIES: Single-end rounded working end in several
sizes
Often referred to by number- common sizes: 1, 34, 301
ANGULAR ELEVATORS- Potts:
FUNCTION:
TRAY SET-UP: VARIETIES:
To loosen tooth or root from bony socket prior to placement of the extraction forceps
Tooth and root extraction
Handles may be either large and straight
or T-bar design Working end may be rounded or pointed in
several sizes Used in pairs
COMMON DESIGNS:"flag" or Cryer, Potts, Crane Pick
ROOT TIP PICKS- Angled:
FUNCTION: To loosen small root fragments from bony
socket
TRAY SET-UP:      Tooth and root extraction
VARIETIES: Thin, pointed working end which may be
straight or angled Single or double-ended
SURGICAL CURETTES- Double ended/angular:
FUNCTION: To remove tissue or debris from bony sockets
TRAY SET-UP:      Extraction and cyst removal
VARIETIES: Usually double-ended and angular in several
sizes
SURGICAL CURETTES- Molt:
FUNCTION: To remove tissue or debris from bony sockets
TRAY SET-UP:      Extraction and cyst removal
VARIETIES: Usually double-ended and angular in several
sizes
Unit 7-20
HEMOSTATS:
FUNCTION:
TRAY SET-UP: VARIETIES:
COMMON NAMES
To securely hold small items, clamp blood vessels, remove small pieces of tooth or bone
Almost all surgical set-ups
Angled or straight with locking, scissor-like handles
Mosquito, Kelly
Unit 7-22
Unit 7-23
NEEDLE HOLDERS:
FUNCTION: To hold suture needle
TRAY SET-UP:      Any surgical procedure requiring placement of sutures
VARIETIES: Similar to hemostat but with a concave area
on inside of each beak to allow for curve of suture needle
SCALPEL- Handle:
FUNCTION: To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP:      Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction,
biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES: Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable
blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: # 11,12, 15
SCALPEL- Blade »11:
FUNCTION. TRAY SET-UP:
VARIETIES:
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: # 11, 12, 15
SCALPEL- Blade #12:
FUNCTION: TRAY SET-UP:
VARIETIES:
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: # 11, 12, 15
Unit 7-30
SCALPEL- Blade #15:
FUNCTION: To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP:      Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES: Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable
blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: # 11, 12, 15
Unit 7-32
RONGEURS- End-cutting:
FUNCTION: To cut and contour bone, removes sharp
edges of alveolar crest after extractions for better contour of alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Multiple extractions, alveolectomy/alveoplasty
VARIETIES: Scissor type handles, either side-cutting or
end-cutting
Unit 7-34
RONGEURS- Side-cutting:
FUNCTION: To cut and contour bone, removes sharp
edges of alveolar crest after extractions for better contour of alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:     Multiple extractions, alveolectomy/alveoplasty
VARIETIES: Scissor type handles, either side-cutting or
end-cutting
BONE CHISEL AND MALLET- Bone chisel:
FUNCTION: To remove bone for better contour of
alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Tori removal, alveoplasty
Unit 7-39
BONE CHISEL AND MALLET- Mallet:
FUNCTION: To remove bone for better contour of
alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Tori removal, alveoplasty
Unit 7-40
Unit 7-41
BONE FILE:
FUNCTION: rongeurs TRAY SET-UP:
VARIETIES:
To smooth bone for better contour of alveolar ridge often following use of
Multiple extractions and impactions that require bone removal, tori removal, alveoplasty
Double ended, straight or curved working ends
I Ini» 1-A1
TISSUE SCISSORS- Dean:
FUNCTION: To remove soft tissue and cut sutures
TRAY SET-UP:      Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy,
multiple extractions
VARIETIES: Iris, Dean, Kelly
Straight or curved, 4 Vz inch and 7 inch
Unit 7-45
TISSUE SCISSORS- Iris:
FUNCTION: To remove soft tissue and cut sutures
TRAY SET-UP:      Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy,
multiple extractions
VARIETIES: Iris, Dean, Kelly
Straight or curved, 4 V2 inch and 7 inch
TISSUE SCISSORS- Kelly:
FUNCTION: To remove soft tissue and cut sutures
TRAY SET-UP:
VARIETIES:
Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy, multiple extractions
Iris, Dean, Kelly
Straight or curved, 4 Vz inch and 7 inch
Unit 7-49
SUTURE SCISSORS:
FUNCTION: To cut sutures for removal
TRAY SET-UP:      Suture removal VARIETIES: 3 Vz inch and 5 Vz inch
TOWEL CLAMPS:
FUNCTION: TRAY SET-UP:
VARIETIES:
ADDITIONAL USES:
To secure surgical drapes and to secure plastic and rubber tubing to drapes
Any procedure when face and head are draped to isolate surgical area
3 J6 inch and 5 M inch
To remove temporary crowns
Unit 7-52