Questions A 1. Vertebra, differences of the vertebrae 2. The sacral and coccygeal bones 3. The sternum and ribs 4. The clavicula and scapula 5. The humerus 6. The radius and ulna 7. The hand bones 8. The hip (coxal) bone 9. The femur, patella 10. The tibia and fibula 11. The foot bones 12. The occipital bone 13. The sphenoidal bone 14. The pariental and frontal bone 15. The temporal bone 16. The channels in the temporal bone and their communication 17. The ethmoidal bone 18. The maxilla 19. The mandibula 20. Bones of face part of cranium excluding maxilla and mandibula 21. Shape of the skull and craniometry 22. The newborn skull 23. Sex differences of the skull 24. General osteology; structure of the bones 25. Classification of joints excluding articulationes 26. The synovial joints (articulations) general building and classification 27. The joints of the vertebral column, shape and movements of the spine 28. The craniovertebral joints 29. Joints of thorax, sternocostal, costovertebral joints (shape and movements of the thorax) 30. The temporomandibular joint 31. The sterno- and acromioclavicular articulations 32. The glenohumeral (shoulder) joint 33. The elbow joint 34. Distal radioulnar joint, radiocarpal joint and interosseous membrane of the forearm 35. Mediocarpal joint, carpal tunnel 36. Carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints 37. The joints of the pelvic girdle (the sacroiliac joint, symphysis, ligaments) 38. The pelvic girdle (major, minor, the sex differences, pelvimetry) 39. The hip joint 40. The knee joint, the tibiofibular joints 41. The talocrural and tibiofibular joints, 42. The foot joints (transverse tarsal joint, tarsometatarsal, metatarsophalangeal, interphalangeal joints 43. Arches of the foot 44. General description of muscle - structure, types, auxilliary structures 45. Spinohumer a spinocostal muscles 46. The intrinsic back muscles 47. The suboccipital muscles and the dorsal sheaths 48. The abdominal muscles 49. The aponeuroses and sheaths of the abdomen, the vagina of the rectus abdominis muscle 50. The inguinal canal, the inguinal hernia 51. The inguinal ligament, lacuna vasorum et musculorum, abdominal muscle fascia 52. Muscles of thorax and their functions 53. The diaphragma 54. The prevertebral and scaleni muscles 55. The suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles 56. The platysma, the sternocleidomastoid muscle, the cervical fascia 57. The masticatory muscles and their sheaths 58. The muscles of facial expression 59. The muscles and fasciae of the shoulder, the axillary fossa 60. The muscles and sheaths of the arm 61. The forearm muscles: anterior group 62. The forearm muscles: lateral group 63. The forearm muscles: posterior group 64. The forearm fascia, synovial sheaths, the extensor retinaculum 65. The muscles of the hand and their sheaths 66. The gluteal muscles (iliopsoas, glutei, obturators, gemelli, piriformis, their sheaths) 67. The anterior thigh muscles 68. The posterior thigh muscles 69. The medial thigh muscles 70. The femoral sheath, the femoral triangle, the iliopectineal and popliteal fossa 71. The anterior and lateral crural muscles 72. The postrior crural muscles 73. The crural sheath, synovial sheaths, retinacula 74. The muscles of the foot and their sheaths Questions B 1. The hard and soft palatum 2. The teeth - description, types, the gingivae (gums) 3. The dentition, eruption 4. The salivary glands 5. The tongue, muscles of the tongue 6. The palatine tonsils, the isthmus of the fauces, the tonsillar ring (of Waldeyer) 7. The pharynx and pharyngeal muscles 8. The oesophagus and stomach 9. The small intestine; jejunum, ileum 10. The duodenum 11. The large intestine (colon) 12. The caecum, appendix and its positions 13. The rectum 14. The pancreas and spleen 15. The liver (hepar) 16. The gallbladder (vesica felea); the biliary ducts 17. The peritoneum and its folds 18. The peritoneal recesses, location and clinical importance 19. The external nose (nasus externus), the nasal cartilagines 20. The nasal cavity 21. The paranasal sinuses 22. The larynx, the laryngeal skeleton (cartilagines and their joints) 23. The laryngeal muscles and their function 24. The interior of the larynx (infraglottic cavity); laryngoscopy 25. The lungs (pulmo), segmentation 26. The visceral and parietal pleura 27. The inspiration and expiration, muscles and movements 28. The kidneys (ren) 29. The renal calices, pelvis and ureter 30. The urinary bladder (vesica urinaria) and female urethra 31. The scrotum, the descent of the testis, the sheaths of testis and spermatic cord 32. The testis and epididymis 33. The spermatic cord, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles 34. The prostate 35. Male urethra, penis 36. The external female genital organs 37. The vagina 38. The uterus 39. The uterine tube (fallopian tube) 40. The ovaries 41. The urogenital diaphragm, the muscles of external sex organs 42. The pelvic diaphragm, levator ani muscle 43. The cor - surface anatomy 44. The right and left atrium 45. The right and left ventricles 46. The myocardium and conductive system of the heart 47. The endocardium and heart skeleton 48. The heart arteries and veins 49. The aorta and pulmonal aa.,vv. 50. The common carotid aa., external carotid a. 51. The subclavian a. 52. The axillary and brachial a. 53. The antebrachial and hand arteries 54. The thoracic aorta 55. The abdominal aorta - branches 56. The coeliac trunk 57. The superior and inf. mesenteric a. 58. The common iliac a., internal iliac a. 59. The external iliac a., femoral a. 60. The popliteal and tibial a. 61. The posterior tibial a. 62. The superior vena cava, internal jugular vein 63. Venous sinuses and veins of dura mater 64. The inferior vena cava and its tributaries 65. The subclavian vein and its drains 66. The veins of the lower extremities 67. The portal vein, the portal circuit and its function 68. The portocaval anastomoses 69. The structure of the lymphatic system, the thoracic duct, right lymphatic trunk 70. The lymphatic vessels and nodes of the head and neck 71. The lymphatic vessels and nodes of the upper extremity 72. The lymphatic vessels and nodes of the thorax 73. The lymphatic vessels and nodes of the lower extremity 74. The lymphatic vessels and nodes of the abdomen and pelvis 75. The thyroid and parathyroid gland, thymus 76. The suprarenal glands, paraganglia Questions C 1. Composition of the peripheral nervous system, The spinal nerves 2. The posterior (dorsal) ramus of spinal nerve, intercostal nn. 3. The cervical plexus 4. The brachial plexus (supraclavicular part) 5. The brachial plexus (infraclavicular part), musculocutaneous, medial cutaneus brachial and antebrachial nn. 6. The median nerve 7. The ulnar nerve 8. The radial and axillary nerves 9. The lumbar plexus 10. The sacral plexus 11. The IIIrd, IVth, and VIth cranial nerves 12. The ophthalmic nerve 13. The maxillary nerve 14. The mandibular nerve 15. The facial nerve 16. The glossopharyngeal nerve 17. The vagus nerve 18. The accessory and hypoglossal nerves 19. Construction of the autonomic nervous system 20. The cervical portion of the sympathetic system 21. The thoracic portion of the sympathetic system (Innervation of the heart) 22. The abdominal and pelvic portions of the sympathetic system 23. Mesencephalic parasympathetic source (the ciliary ganglion) 24. Parasympathetic source of oblongata (the pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglions) 25. Parasympathetic source of oblongata (the otic ganglion) 26. Sacral parasympathetic source 27. Development and partitions of the central nervous system 28. The spinal cord (surface anatomy and structures) 29. The medulla oblongata (surface anatomy and structures) 30. The pons (surface anatomy and structures) 31. The 4th ventricle-description of the rhomboid fossa 32. A survey of distribution of the cranial nerve nuclei 33. The cerebellum (surface anatomy and structures) 34. The midbrain (surface anatomy and structures) 35. The diencephalon (surface anatomy and its partition) 36. The thalamus, its nuclei and their functional division 37. The hypothalamus and its nuclei 38. Neurohumoral function of the diencephalon and corresponding structures 39. The reticular formation, the limbic forebrain structures 40. Division of the telencephalon, surface anatomy of the hemispheres 41. The cerebral cortex and its organization 42. The basal ganglia 43. The white matter of the telencephalon, classification of the pathways (fasciculi) 44. The internal capsule of the cerebrum 45. The ventricles of the central nervous system and the cerebrospinal fluid 46. The blood supply of the central nervous system 47. The dura mater and its derivatives 48. The leptomeninges (the arachnoid and pia mater) 49. The organs of smell and taste 50. General anatomy of the skin 51. Epidermis and its derivatives 52. The skin glands, mammary gland 53. The fibrous tunic of the eye 54. The vascular tunic of the eye 55. The internal tunic of the eye 56. The refracting media of the eye 57. The extraocular muscles and their sheaths 58. The eyelids, conjunctiva, and lacrimal apparatus 59. The external ear and tympanic membrane 60. The tympanic cavity 61. The auditory ossicles, their junctions, and the muscles of the tympanic cavity 62. The auditory tube, the mastoid antrum and cells 63. The osseous labyrinth of the internal ear 64. The membranous labyrinth of the internal ear, the VIIIth cranial nerve Questions D 1. The calvaria and its covering 2. The temporal region 3. The internal surface of the cranial base 4. The external surface of the cranial base 5. The infratemporal region 6. The pterygopalatal fossa 7. The orbital region and orbital cavity 8. The nasal region and the osseal nasal cavity 9. The oral region and vestibulum 10. The palatine region 11. Bottom of the mouse cavity 12. The parotideomasseteric region 13. The neck regions 14. The submandibular and submental regions 15. The carotid triangle 16. The hyoid and infrahyoid regions (tracheotomia) 17. The lateral cervical region 18. The scalenovertebral triangle 19. The thoracic regions, lines for orientation 20. The thoracic wall (mammillary region) 21. Outline of the pleura and lungs 22. Outline of the pericardial sac and the heart, Auscultation of the valves 23. The superior mediastinum 24. The anterior and middle mediastinum 25. The posterior mediastinum 26. The abdominal regions, lines for orientation 27. The abdominal wall, reduced areas 28. The umbilical region 29. The inguinal region 30. Petit’s and Grynfelt’s triangles 31. Supramesocolic part of abdominal cavity (Organ reflections) 32. Inframesocolic part of abdominal cavity (Organ reflections) 33. The retroperitoneal space 34. Superficial and deep boundaries of the pelvic region, anal region 35. The ischiorectal fossa 36. The urogenital region 37. Peritoneal compartment of pelvic cavity 38. Infraperitoneal compartment of pelvic cavity 39. The infraclavicular and deltoid regions 40. The axillary region 41. The brachial regions 42. The cubital region 43. The antebrachial regions 44. The ventral carpal region, palm 45. The dorsal carpal and dorsal hand region 46. Fingers of the hand 47. The gluteal region 48. The femoral triangle 49. The femoral region 50. The knee region 51. The crural region 52. The medial and lateral malleolar and retromalleolar regions 53. The dorsal foot region (Dorsum pedis) 54. The plantar foot region (Planta pedis)