Muscles of the upper extremity



Musculi humeri



Musculus subscapularis
•ORIGIN: facies costalis scapulae (fossa subscapularis)
•INSERTION: tuberculum minus humeri
•INNERVATION: n. subscapularis
•FUNCTION: humeral pronation, adduction

•ORIGIN: fossa supraspinata
•INSERTION : tuberculum majus humeri
•INNERVATION: n. suprascapularis
•FUNCTION: humeral supination and abduction
•
Musculus supraspinatus

Musculus infraspinatus
•ORIGIN: fossa infraspinata
•INSERTION : tuberculum majus humeri
•INNERVATION: n. suprascapularis
•FUNCTION: humeral supination
•

Musculus teres minor
•ORIGIN: margo lateralis scapulae
•INSERTION : tuberculum majus humeri
•INNERVATION: n. axillaris
•FUNCTION: humeral supination
•

Musculus teres major
•ORIGIN: angulus inferior scapulae
•INSERTION : crista tuberculi minoris
•INNERVATION: n. subscapularis
•FUNCTION: adduction, extension and humeral pronation
•

•Insertions of m. supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis into the articular
capsule of shoulder joint– ROTATOR CUFF


Musculus deltoideus
•ORIGIN: clavicula, acromion, spina scapulae
•INSERTION : tuberositas deltoidea humeri
•INNERVATION: n. axillaris
•FUNCTION: abduction, anteflexion, dorsiflexion in shoulder joint
•

Musculi brachii



Musculus brachialis
•ORIGIN: distal half of humeral body
•INSERTION : tuberositas ulnae
•INNERVATION: n. musculocutaneus
•FUNCTION: flexion of forearm
•It is covered by biceps
•

Musculus coracobrachialis
•ORIGIN: processus coracoideus          scapulae
•INSERTION: internal side of corpus humeri
•INNERVATION: n. musculocutaneus
•FUNCTION: adduction and partial anteflexion
•
•

Musculus biceps brachii
•ORIGIN: caput longum-tuberculum supraglenoidale scapulae, caput breve-processus coracoideus
scapulae
•INSERTION : tuberositas radii, aponeurosis m. bicipitis brachii (lacertus fibrosus)
•INNERVATION: n. musculocutaneus
•FUNCTION: flexion of forearm in supination, c. longum-abduction of arm, c. breve- anteflexion and
adduction
•
•

Musculus triceps brachii
•ORIGIN: caput longum-tuberculum infraglenoidale scapulae, caput laterale-proximally from sulcus
nervi radialis, caput mediale-distally from sulcus nervi radialis
•INSERTION : olecranon ulnae
•INNERVATION: n. radialis
•FUNCTION: extension of forearm, c. longum-adduction of arm
•

Musculus anconaeus
•ORIGIN: epicondylus lateralis humeri
•Ú INSERTION : olecranon ulnae
•INNERVATION: n. radialis
•FUNCTION: extension of forearm
•

•Foramen humerotricipitale
•Foramen omotricipitale


Fascia brachii
•It is proximal continuation of fascia deltoidea and distally continues as fascia antebrachii
•septum intermusculare brachii mediale et laterale- they pull fascia into the depth → sulcus m.
bicipitis lateralis et medialis

Fossa axillaris
•Between lateral side of thorax and proximal part of arm
•
•Anterior wall
•- insertion of m. pectoralis major
•- plica axillaris anterior
•Medial wall
•- lateral wall of thorax
•- m. serratus anterior
•Posterior wall
•- insertion of m. latissimus dorsi
•- plica axillaris posterior
•Lateral wall
•- humerus- caput breve m. biceps brachii
•                    m. coracobrachialis

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