Oral and Maxillofacial
Instruments
nit 7-1
PERIOSTEAL ELEVATOR- Seldin:
FUNCTION:
To detach tissue from bone following an incision or to detach the periosteum and gingival tissues prior to placement of the extraction forceps
TRAY SET-UP:
Used for most surgical procedures: extractions, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, and cyst removal
VARIETIES:
Double ended with one round, blunted end
and one pointed end 7 A wax spatula may be used as a periosteal
elevator
COMMON DESIGNS:Seldin, Molt
Unit 7-4
STRAIGHT ELEVATORS:
FUNCTION:
To loosen tooth or root from bony socket prior to placement of the extraction forceps
TRAY SET-UP:
Tooth and root extraction
VARIETIES:
Single-end rounded working end in several sizes
Often referred to by number- common sizes: 1, 34, 301
ANGULAR ELEVATORS- Potts:
FUNCTION
TRAY SET-UP
To loosen tooth or root from bony socket prior to placement of the extraction forceps
Tooth and root extraction
VARIETIES:
Handles may be either large and straight
or T-bar design Working end may be rounded or pointed in
several sizes Used in pairs
COMMON DESIGNS:"flag" or Cryer, Potts, Crane Pick
ROOT TIP PICKS- Angled:
FUNCTION:
To loosen small root fragments from bony socket
TRAY SET-UP:     Tooth and root extraction
VARIETIES:
Thin, pointed working end which may be
straight or angled Single or double-ended
SURGICAL CURETTES- Double ended/angular:
FUNCTION: To remove tissue or debris from bony sockets
TRAY SET-UP:      Extraction and cyst removal
VARIETIES: Usually double-ended and angular in several
sizes
Unit 7-19
SURGICAL CURETTES- Molt:
FUNCTION: To remove tissue or debris from bony sockets
TRAY SET-UP:      Extraction and cyst removal
VARIETIES: Usually double-ended and angular in several
sizes
Unit 7-20
UJJJJL
HEMOSTATS:
FUNCTION: To securely hold small items, clamp blood
vessels, remove small pieces of tooth or bone
TRAY SET-UP:     Almost all surgical set-ups
VARIETIES: Angled or straight with locking, scissor-like
handles
COMMON NAMES: Mosquito, Kelly Unit 7-22
NEEDLE HOLDERS
FUNCTION: To hold suture needle
TRAY SET-UP:      Any surgical procedure requiring placement
of sutures
VARIETIES: Similar to hemostat but with a concave area
on inside of each beak to allow for curve of suture needle
SCALPEL- Handle
FUNCTION
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP:
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES:
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: #11,12,15
SCALPEL- Blade #11:
FUNCTION
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES:
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: #11,12,15
SCALPEL- Blade #12:
FUNCTION:
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP:
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES:
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: # 11, 12, 15
Unit 7-30
it 7-11
SCALPEL- Blade #15:
FUNCTION:
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP:
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES:
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: #11,12,15
Unit 7-32
RONGEURS- End-cutting
FUNCTION:
To cut and contour bone, removes sharp edges of alveolar crest after extractions for better contour of alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Multiple extractions, alveolectomy/alveoplasty
VARIETIES:
Scissor type handles, either side-cutting or end-cutting
Unit 7-34
RONGEURS- Side-cutting:
FUNCTION:
To cut and contour bone, removes sharp edges of alveolar crest after extractions for better contour of alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Multiple extractions, alveolectomy/alveoplasty
VARIETIES: Scissor type handles, either side-cutting or
end-cutting
BONE CHISEL AND MALLET- Bone chisel:
FUNCTION: To remove bone for better contour of
alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Tori removal, alveoplasty
BONE CHISEL AND MALLET- Mallet:
FUNCTION: To remove bone for better contour of
alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Tori removal, alveoplasty
Unit 7-40
BONE FILE
FUNCTION: rongeurs TRAY SET-UP:
VARIETIES:
To smooth bone for better contour of alveolar ridge often following use of
Multiple extractions and impactions that require bone removal, tori removal, alveoplasty
Double ended, straight or curved working ends
TISSUE SCISSORS- Dean:
FUNCTION: To remove soft tissue and cut sutures
TRAY SET-UP:      Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy,
multiple extractions
VARIETIES: Iris, Dean, Kelly
Straight or curved, 4 Vfe inch and 7 inch
TISSUE SCISSORS- Iris:
FUNCTION:
To remove soft tissue and cut sutures
TRAY SET-UP:
Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy, multiple extractions
VARIETIES:
Iris, Dean, Kelly
Straight or curved, 4 Vz inch and 7 inch
TISSUE SCISSORS- Kelly:
FUNCTION:
To remove soft tissue and cut sutures
TRAY SET-UP
Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy, multiple extractions
VARIETIES:
Iris, Dean, Kelly
Straight or curved, 4 Vz inch and 7 inch
SUTURE SCISSORS:
FUNCTION: To cut sutures for removal
TRAY SET-UP:     Suture removal VARIETIES: 3 Vz inch and 5 Vz inch
TOWEL CLAMPS:
FUNCTION
To secure surgical drapes and to secure plastic and rubber tubing to drapes
TRAY SET-UP:
Any procedure when face and head are draped to isolate surgical area
VARIETIES:
3 1/2 inch and 5 Va inch
ADDITIONAL
USES:
To remove temporary crowns
Unit 7-52