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URINARY SYSTEM
AND
MALE GENITAL SYSTEM
Ren
Calices renales
Pelvis renalis
Ureter
Vesica urinaria
Urethra masculina
Urethra feminina
4 cm 3 cm
Kidney
Extremitas superior
Extremitas inferior
Facies anterior
Facies posterior
Margo lateralis
Margo medialis
Capsula fibrosa
Hilus (hilum) renalis
Calices renales
Pelvis renalis
Arteria renalis
Vena renalis
SINUS RENALIS:
Morphology of the kidney
Capsula fibrosa
Cortex renalis
Medulla renalis
Columnae renales
Pars radiata corticis
Pyramides renales
Papilla renalis
Foramina papillaria (ductus papillares)
Area cribrosa
Lobulus renalis (renculus)
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Renal corpuscle
(glomerulus+capsula glomeruli)
Proximal tubulus
juxtaglomerular apparatus
Distal tubulus
The loop of Henle
Kidney vessels
Collector duct
Collector duct
NEFRON
tubulus distalis
tubulus proximalis
glomerulus
vas afferens
vas efferens
Basal membranecapillaries
Filtration of urine
(150-200 l)
Bowmann´s space
Cortex: Malphighi´s corpuscles 1 mill.
(corpusculum renale)
Medulla: Tubuli renales
Tubuli colligentes
Ductus papillares
2-4 rami praepelvici
ramus retropelvicus
ARTERIA RENALIS
Position of the kidney
Primary retroperitoneal organ
4 cm 3 cm
L1
CALICES RENALES
Calices renales minores 7-14
Calices renales majores 3-4
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PELVIS RENALIS
Capacity: 2-5 ml
Positioin: sinus renalis
hilus renalis
Dendritic type Ampular type
URETER
25-35 cm
Pars abdominalis
pelvis renalis - linea terminalis
Pars pelvina
linea terminalis - vesica urinaria
Pars intramuralis
wall of urinary bladder - ostium ureteris
Mucous membrane:
Transitional epithelium
plicae longitudinales
Muscular layer:
longitudinal (inner)
cirkular (outer)
Adventicia
Ureter
Point of Lanz
Isthmus ureteris
Constrictions on the ureter Urinary bladder
250-300ml, max. app. 750 ml
Fundus vesicae
Cervix vesicae
Corpus vesicae
Apex vesicae
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Ultrastructure of urinary bladder
Mucous membrane
Transitional epithelium
folds
trigonum vesicae
Submucous tissue
Muscular layer
Peritoneum, adventicia
Trigonum vesicae Ostia ureterum
(plicae uretericae)
Ostium urethrae internum
(uvula, anulus urethralis)
Plica interureterica
Fibres of Bell
Fossa retrotrigonalis
Fossae paratrigonales
Musculus trigonalis
Adventicia
fascia vesicae, paracystium
Excavatio vesicouterina
Excavatio rectouterina
Excavatio rectovesicalis
Peritoneum
Praeperitoneal a subperitoneal position of urinary bladder Position of urinary bladder
Spatium retropubicum
(fascia vesicoumbilicalis)
Plica umbilicalis mediana
lig. umbilicale medianum
(urachus)
Plicae umbilicales mediales
Obliterated aa. umbilicales
Fossae supravesicales
Fossae paravesicales
Plica vesicalis transversa
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Male genital system
ORGANA GENITALIA MASCULINA INTERNA
TESTIS
EPIDIDYMIS
DUCTUS DEFERENS
SPERMATIC CORD (FUNICULUS SPERMATICUS)
SEMINAL VESICLES (VESICULAE SEMINALES)
PROSTATE
MALE URETHRA (URETHRA MASCULINA)
ORGANA GENITALIA MASCULINA EXTERNA
PENIS
SCROTUM
4-4,5 cm 20-30 g
Extremitas superior
Extremitas inferior
Facies medialis
Facies lateralis
Margo anterior
Margo posterior
TESTIS
MORPHOLOGY OF TESTIS
tunica albuginea
hilum testis
mediastinum testis
septula testis
lobuli testis (200-300)
tubuli seminiferi contorti (50-70 cm)
tubuli seminiferi recti, rete testis
ductuli efferentes testis (10-14)
intersticial Leydig´s cells (testosteron)
EPIDIDYMIS
Caput epididymidis
Corpus epididymidis
Cauda epididymidis
Lig. scrotale
(gubernaculum testis)
MORPHOLOGY OF EPIDIDYMIS
Ductuli efferentes testis (12-15)
Lobuli epididymidis
Ductus epididymidis
Ductus defferens
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DESCENSUS TESTIS
Mesorchium
Gubernaculum testis
Processus vaginalis perit.
DUCTUS DEFERENS
App. 40 cm
pars funicularis
pars epididymica
pars inguinalis
pars pelvina (cross the
ureter)
Ampulla ductus deferentis
Diverticula ampullae
Connection with vesiculae seminales
Ductus ejaculatorius
Colliculus seminalis
Sliznice
Columnar epithelium
(stereocilia)
Muscular layer
longitudinal,
cirkular,
longitudinal
Adventicia
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF DUCTUS DEFERENS
Ductus deferens
Arteria ductus deferentis
Plexus deferentialis
Arteria testicularis
Plexus testicularis
Plexus pampiniformis
Lymphatic vessels
SPERMATIC CORD SEMINAL VESICLES App. 4-5 cm
Laterally from ampulla ductus
deferentis
subperitoneal
(excavatio rectovesicalis,
septum rectovesicale)
ductus excretorius + ductus deferens = ductus ejaculatorius
alkalic secret
(50-80% ejaculate)
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PROSTATE
Basis prostatae
(facies vesicalis)
Apex prostatae
Facies anterior
(ligg. puboprostatica)
Facies posterior
Facies laterales
(inferolaterales)
30 – 50 tuboalveolar glands
15-30% of ejaculate
Lobus anterior (isthmus prostatae)
Lobus medius
Lobus posterior
Lobus dexter
Lobus sinister
4 cm
MALE URETHRA Ostium urethrae int.
Ostium urethrae ext.
Pars intramuralis
(m. sphincter vesicae)
Pars prostatica
Pars membranacea
(m. sphincter urethrae)
Pars spongiosa
PARS PROSTATICA URETHRAE
Crista urethralis
Colliculus seminalis
Utriculus prostaticus
Ductus ejaculatorii
Sinus prostaticus
Ductuli prostatici
PARS MEMBRANACEA URETHRAE
Diaphragma urogenitale
Musculus sphincter urethrae
Constricted part of urethra
PARS SPONGIOSA URETHRAE
Bulbus penis – ostium urethrae externum
Ampulla urethrae
Glandulae bulbourethrales
Fossa navicularis
Valvula fossae navicularis
Recessus fossae navicularis
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CURVATURES OF URETHRA:
Curvatura subpubica
Curvatura praepubica
CONSTRICTED PARTS OF URETHRA:
Ostium urethrae externum
Between fossa navicularis and
ampulla urethrae
Pars membranacea
Pars intramuralis
PENIS
Radix penis
Corpus penis
Glans penis
Corona glandis
Collum glandis
Dorsum penis
Facies urethralis
Facies urethralis PRAEPUTIUM
Frenulum praeputii
Ostium (orificium) praeputii
Glandulae praeputiales
Smegma preputii
Morpohology of the penis
Corpora cavernosa
crura penis
m. ischiocavernosus
Corpus spongiosum
bulbus penis
m. bulbospongiosus
Glandulae bulbourethrales
Centrum perineale
Tunica albuginea
Trabeculae corporis cavernosi (spongiosi)
Cavernae corporis cavernosi (spongiosi)
Aa. helicinae
Morphology of cavernous bodies
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SCROTUM
Raphe scroti, pubes
Tunica dartos scroti
Septum scroti
Cavum scroti
Diaphragma pelvis et urogenitale
Diaphragma pelvis
Musculus levator ani (arcus tendineus m. levatoris ani)
musculus pubococcygeus
musculus iliococcygeus
Musculus coccygeus
Hiatus urogenitalis
Lig. anococcygeum
Fascia diaphragmatis pelvis
superior et inferior
Diaphragma urogenitale
Lig. transversum perinei
M. transversus perinei profundus
M. transversus perinei superficialis
M. sphincter urethrae
Fascia diaphragmatis urogenitalis
superior et inferior
FOSSA ISCHIORECTALIS
Mediocranially:
diaphragma pelvis
Laterally:
m. obturatorius int.
fascia obturatoria
(canalis pudendalis)
Ventrally:
recessus pubicus
Dorsally:
m. glutaeus maximus
M. ischiocavernosus
M. bulbospongiosus
M. sphincter ani externus
Fascia perinei superficialis
Spatium perinei profundum
Spatium perinei superficiale