Oral and Maxillofacial
Instruments
nit 7-1
PERIOSTEAL ELEVATOR- Seldin:
FUNCTION:
TRAY SET-UP:
VARIETIES:
To detach tissue from bone following an incision or to detach the periosteum and gingival tissues prior to placement of the extraction forceps
Used for most surgical procedures: extractions, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, and cyst removal
Double ended with one round, blunted end
and one pointed end 7A wax spatula may be used as a periosteal
elevator
COMMON DESIGNS:Seldin, Molt
Unit 7-4
STRAIGHT ELEVATORS
FUNCTION:
To loosen tooth or root from bony socket prior to placement of the extraction forceps
TRAY SET-UP:
Tooth and root extraction
VARIETIES:
Single-end rounded working end in several sizes
Often referred to by number- common sizes: 1, 34, 301
ANGULAR ELEVATORS- Potts:
FUNCTION
To loosen tooth or root from bony socket prior to placement of the extraction forceps
TRAY SET-UP
VARIETIES
Tooth and root extraction
Handles may be either large and straight
or T-bar design Working end may be rounded or pointed in
several sizes Used in pairs
COMMON DESIGNS:"flag" or Cryer, Potts, Crane Pick
ROOT TIP PICKS- Angled:
FUNCTION:
To loosen small root fragments from bony socket
TRAY SET-UP
Tooth and root extraction
VARIETIES:
Thin, pointed working end which may be
straight or angled Single or double-ended
SURGICAL CURETTES- Double ended/angular:
FUNCTION: To remove tissue or debris from bony sockets
TRAY SET-UP:      Extraction and cyst removal
VARIETIES: Usually double-ended and angular in several
sizes
Unit 7-19
SURGICAL CURETTES- Molt:
FUNCTION: To remove tissue or debris from bony sockets
TRAY SET-UP:      Extraction and cyst removal
VARIETIES: Usually double-ended and angular in several
sizes
Unit 7-20
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HEMOSTATS:
FUNCTION: To securely hold small items, clamp blood
vessels, remove small pieces of tooth or bone
TRAY SET-UP:     Almost all surgical set-ups
VARIETIES: Angled or straight with locking, scissor-like
handles
COMMON NAMES: Mosquito, Kelly Unit 7-22
NEEDLE HOLDERS
FUNCTION: To hold suture needle
TRAY SET-UP:      Any surgical procedure requiring placement
of sutures
VARIETIES: Similar to hemostat but with a concave area
on inside of each beak to allow for curve of suture needle
SCALPEL- Handle
FUNCTION
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP:
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES:
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: #11,12,15
SCALPEL- Blade #11:
FUNCTION
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP:
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES:
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: #11,12,15
SCALPEL- Blade #12:
FUNCTION:
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP:
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES:
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: #11,12,15
Unit 7-30
it 7-^1
SCALPEL- Blade #15:
FUNCTION:
To cut soft tissue - a surgical knife
TRAY SET-UP:
Most surgical set-ups: impaction, extraction, biopsy, frenectomy, gingivoplasty, alveoplasty, incision and drainage, apicoectomy
VARIETIES:
Metal, sterilizable handle with replaceable blades
Disposable handle with attached blade Common blade sizes: # 11, 12, 15
Unit 7-32
RONGEURS- End-cutting:
FUNCTION:
To cut and contour bone, removes sharp edges of alveolar crest after extractions for better contour of alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Multiple extractions, alveolectomy/alveoplasty
VARIETIES:
Scissor type handles, either side-cutting or end-cutting
Unit 7-34
RONGEURS- Side-cutting:
FUNCTION:
To cut and contour bone, removes sharp edges of alveolar crest after extractions for better contour of alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Multiple extractions, alveolectomy/alveoplasty
VARIETIES: Scissor type handles, either side-cutting or
end-cutting
BONE CHISEL AND MALLET- Bone chisel:
FUNCTION: To remove bone for better contour of
alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Tori removal, alveoplasty
BONE CHISEL AND MALLET- Mallet:
FUNCTION: To remove bone for better contour of
alveolar ridge
TRAY SET-UP:      Tori removal, alveoplasty
Unit 7-40
BONE FILE
FUNCTION: rongeurs TRAY SET-UP:
VARIETIES:
To smooth bone for better contour of alveolar ridge often following use of
Multiple extractions and impactions that require bone removal, tori removal, alveoplasty
Double ended, straight or curved working ends
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TISSUE SCISSORS- Dean:
FUNCTION: To remove soft tissue and cut sutures
TRAY SET-UP:      Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy,
multiple extractions
VARIETIES: Iris, Dean, Kelly
Straight or curved, 4 V2 inch and 7 inch
TISSUE SCISSORS- Iris:
FUNCTION:
To remove soft tissue and cut sutures
TRAY SET-UP:
Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy, multiple extractions
VARIETIES:
Iris, Dean, Kelly
Straight or curved, 4 Vfe inch and 7 inch
TISSUE SCISSORS- Kelly:
function-
to remove soft tissue and cut sutures
tray set-up:
Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, frenectomy, multiple extractions
varieties:
Iris, Dean, Kelly
Straight or curved, 4 1/2 inch and 7 inch
SUTURE SCISSORS:
FUNCTION: To cut sutures for removal
TRAY SET-UP:     Suture removal VARIETIES: 3 Vz inch and 5 Vz inch
TOWEL CLAMPS:
FUNCTION
To secure surgical drapes and to secure plastic and rubber tubing to drapes
TRAY SET-UP:
Any procedure when face and head are draped to isolate surgical area
VARIETIES:
3 1/2 inch and 5 V* inch
ADDITIONAL
USES:
To remove temporary crowns
Unit 7-52
Unit 7-53