1
Department of Anatomy
Male genital system
MUDr. Marek Joukal, Ph.D.
ORGANA GENITALIA MASCULINA INTERNA
TESTIS
EPIDIDYMIS
DUCTUS DEFERENS
SPERMATIC CORD (FUNICULUS SPERMATICUS)
SEMINAL VESICLES (VESICULAE SEMINALES)
PROSTATE
MALE URETHRA (URETHRA MASCULINA)
ORGANA GENITALIA MASCULINA EXTERNA
PENIS
SCROTUM
4-4,5 cm 20-30 g
Extremitas superior
Extremitas inferior
Facies medialis
Facies lateralis
Margo anterior
Margo posterior
TESTIS MORPHOLOGY OF TESTIS
tunica albuginea
hilum testis
mediastinum testis
septula testis
lobuli testis (200-300)
tubuli seminiferi contorti (50-70 cm)
tubuli seminiferi recti, rete testis
ductuli efferentes testis (10-14)
intersticial Leydig´s cells (testosteron)
EPIDIDYMIS
Caput epididymidis
Corpus epididymidis
Cauda epididymidis
Lig. epididymidis sup. et inf.
Sinus epididymidis
Lig. scrotale
(gubernaculum testis)
MORPHOLOGY OF EPIDIDYMIS
Ductuli efferentes testis (12-15)
Lobuli epididymidis
Ductus epididymidis
Ductus defferens
2
DESCENSUS TESTIS
Mesorchium
Gubernaculum testis
Processus vaginalis perit.
Abdominal cavity
12th week – iliac fossa
28th week – deep ing. ring
32nd week – scrotum
37th – 40th week – closure
of the processus vaginalis
Coverings of the testis skin
Tunica dartos scroti
Fascia spermatica ext.
Musculus cremaster, fascie
Fascia spermatica int.
Tunica vaginalis testis
lamina parietalis (periorchium)
cavum serosum scroti
lamina visceralis (epiorchium)
Tunica albuginea
Ectopia testisRetentio testis
(cryptorchismus)
CONGENITAL INGUINAL HERNIA
DUCTUS DEFERENS
App. 40 cm
pars scrotalis
pars funicularis
pars inguinalis
pars pelvina (cross the
ureter)
Ampulla ductus deferentis
Diverticula ampullae
Connection with vesiculae seminales
Ductus ejaculatorius
Colliculus seminalis
3
Mucosa
Columnar epithelium
(stereocilia)
Muscular layer
longitudinal,
circular,
longitudinal
Adventicia
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF DUCTUS DEFERENS
Ductus deferens
Arteria ductus deferentis
Plexus deferentialis
Arteria testicularis
Plexus testicularis
Plexus pampiniformis
Lymphatic vessels
SPERMATIC CORD
SEMINAL VESICLES App. 4-5 cm
Laterally from ampulla ductus
deferentis
subperitoneal
(excavatio rectovesicalis,
septum rectovesicale)
ductus excretorius + ductus deferens = ductus ejaculatorius
alcalic secret
(50-80% ejaculate)
PROSTATE
Basis prostatae
(facies vesicalis)
Apex prostatae
Facies anterior
(ligg. puboprostatica)
Facies posterior
Facies laterales
(inferolaterales)
30 – 50 tuboalveolar glands
15-30% of ejaculate
Lobus anterior (isthmus prostatae)
Lobus medius
Lobus posterior
Lobus dexter
Lobus sinister
4 cm
Capsula periprostatica
(visc. sheath of fascia pelvis)
Plexus venosus prostaticus
Capsula propria
Fibromuscular stroma
30 – 50 tuboalveolar glands
15-30% ejaculate
Ductuli prostatici
(pars prostatica urethrae)
4
Clinical division of the prostate
Hypertrophy of medial lobe
CYSTOSCOPY
Hypertrophy of lateral lobes
MALE URETHRA Ostium urethrae int.
Ostium urethrae ext.
Pars intramuralis
(m. sphincter vesicae)
Pars prostatica
Pars membranacea
(m. sphincter urethrae)
Pars spongiosa
PARS PROSTATICA URETHRAE
Crista urethralis
Colliculus seminalis
Utriculus prostaticus
Ductus ejaculatorii
Sinus prostaticus
Ductuli prostatici
PARS MEMBRANACEA URETHRAE
Diaphragma urogenitale
Musculus sphincter urethrae
Constricted part of urethra
PARS SPONGIOSA URETHRAE
Bulbus penis – ostium urethrae externum
Ampulla urethrae
Glandulae bulbourethrales
Fossa navicularis
Valvula fossae navicularis
Recessus fossae navicularis
5
CURVATURES OF URETHRA:
Curvatura subpubica
Curvatura praepubica
CONSTRICTED PARTS OF URETHRA:
Ostium urethrae externum
Between fossa navicularis and
ampulla urethrae
Pars membranacea
Pars intramuralis
URETHRA MASCULINA - LUMEN
Prostata - semilunar
Diaphragma urog. - stellate
Pars spongiosa – T
Ostium urethrae ext. –
Vertical fissure
PENIS
Radix penis
Corpus penis
Glans penis
Corona glandis
Collum glandis
Dorsum penis
Facies urethralis
Facies urethralis
PRAEPUTIUM
Frenulum praeputii
Ostium (orificium) praeputii
Glandulae praeputiales
Smegma preputii
Phimosis
6
Corpora cavernosa
crura penis
m. ischiocavernosus
Corpus spongiosum
bulbus penis
m. bulbospongiosus
Glandulae bulbourethrales
Centrum perineale
skin
fascia penis superficialis
fascia penis profunda
tunica albuginea
septum penis
lig. fundiforme penis
lig. suspensorium penis
Coverings of the penis
Tunica albuginea
Trabeculae corporis cavernosi (spongiosi)
Cavernae corporis cavernosi (spongiosi)
Aa. helicinae
Morphology of cavernous bodies ERECTION
DETUMESCENCE
Parasympaticus (spinal segment S3)
Relaxation of the smooth muscles in the
Ebner pads
Dilation of the aa. helicinae
Sympaticus (spinal segment L2-3)
Contraction of the smooth in the Ebner
pads
Constriction of the aa. helicinae
SCROTUM
Raphe scroti, pubes
Tunica dartos scroti
Septum scroti
Cavum scroti
References:
Putz, R. (2008):
Atlas of Human Anatomy Sobotta. Elsevier Books.
Keith L. Moore, Arthur F. Dalley (2005):
Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Williams and
Wilkins.
Platzer, W., Kahle, W., Leonhardt H. (1992):
Locomotor system. Georg Thieme Verlag,
Stuttgart,
New York, 4th edition.
Čihák, R. (1987):
Anatomie 1. Avicenum, Zdravotnické
nakladatelství.
Netter, F. H. (1997):
Interactive Atlas of Clinical Anatomy. Novartis,
USA.