TOPIC 4: END OF LIFE CARE, AGEING POPULATIONS TASK 1A DISCUSSION. Discuss the message communicated by the following pictures. Would you add another picture? 1 2 4 Picture 1 taken from: http://www.tneel.uic.edu/tneel-ss/demo/impact/frame1.asp/ Picture 2 taken from: http://www.deathreferencedesk.org/2012/07/29/do-not-resuscitate-tattoos-cannot-be-stopped/ Picture 3 taken from: http://hospicefoundation.ie/hospice/hospice-palliative-and-end-of-life-care/ Picture 4 taken from: https://cz.pinterest.com/nlm4caregivers/end-of-life-care/ TASK 2A DISCUSSION. Answer the questions below on your own and then discuss the results with your partner. 1 How do you feel when the subject of death comes into the conversation? A Uncomfortable – I don't want to talk about it. B It depends how other people react. C Fine - it's perfectly natural to talk about death. D other reaction 2 You have to tell a close friend that a mutual friend of yours has just died. You know that they were very close. How would you start the conversation? A I'm afraid we won't be meeting Mary for lunch on Friday after all. B Have you heard? Mary's just died. C You'd better sit down. I've got some bad news about Mary. She died last night. D other reaction 3 A friend of yours (a rather unreliable one) has just died, owing you a lot of money. After the funeral his sister comes to talk to you. Do you say? A I was hoping to meet one of the family. I can get my money back. B Poor George! He was such a good old friend. (and I forget about the money) C I will miss George – but not as much as the £1, 000 he owed me! D other reaction Taken from: MacAndrew, R. & Martínez, R. (2001). Taboos and Issues. Thomson, Heinle, pp. 1. TASK 3A Give words transcribed by the following and translate them into Czech. TRANSCRIPTION STANDARD SPELLING TRANSLATION INTO CZECH 1 /ˌjuːθəˈneɪziə/ 2 /ˈmænˌslɔːtə(r)/ 3 /ˈmɜː(r)də(r)/ 4 /ˈsuːɪsaɪd/ 5 /ˈvɒlənt(ə)ri/ 6 /ɪnˈvɒləntəri/ 7 /ˈkɒnʃəsnəs/ 8 /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ 9 /ˌɪrɪˈvɜː(r)səb(ə)l/ 10 /ˈɡɪlti/ 11 /sɪˈvɪə(r)/ 12 /strəʊk/ Pronunciation transcripts taken from: www.macmillandictionary.com TASK 3B DEFINITIONS. Match the words with their definitions below. EUTHANASIA, MANSLAUGHTER, MURDER, SUICIDE 1 _______________ = the painless killing of a patient who is suffering from an incurable and painful disease. 2 _______________ = the action of killing oneself deliberately 3 _______________ = the illegal, deliberate killing of a human being 4 _______________ = the crime of killing a person illegally but not intentionally Taken from: MacAndrew, R. & Martínez, R. (2001). Taboos and Issues. Thomson, Heinle, pp. 28. TASK 3C THREE CASES. Make sure that you understand the highlighted phrases. 1 Alan Jones, aged 78, had a second stroke three weeks ago. He has severe brain damage and his condition is getting worse. At the request of his daughter, a nurse stops giving him oxygen until his heart stops. The nurse then starts giving oxygen again. People think Mr Jones died naturally. Later, Mr Jones's daughter tells a friend what happened. The friend is married to a police officer. As a result, the police charge the nurse with murder. 2 Antonia James, aged 24, suffered severe, irreversible brain damage in a road accident six weeks ago and has not regained consciousness. She is breathing on her own but being fed through a tube. Her parents feel that Antonia's existence is no more than a living nightmare. They want the doctor to stop feeding her so that she will die. The doctor refuses, saying that food and fluids are not "medical treatment" but the basic necessities of life. 3 Mike O'Brien, aged 58, has terminal cancer. He is no longer able to live a normal life and is often in great pain. He has always said that when this happened, he would take his own life. However, he is now so weak that he cannot open the bottles of pills he wants to take. His son opens the bottle for him. Mike takes the pills and dies peacefully. The doctor is surprised at Mike’s sudden death, realizes what has happened and informs the police. The police arrest the son for helping his father to commit suicide. Taken from: MacAndrew, R. & Martínez, R. (2001). Taboos and Issues. Thomson, Heinle, pp. 28. TASK 3C THREE CASES. In pairs or small groups, read the following situations and discuss the questions related to the cases above. Ad 1 o Do you feel that the nurse has committed a crime? o Do you feel that the daughter has committed a crime? o What punishments, if any, should be given? Ad 2 o Who do you feel is right – the doctor or the parents? o Who should make this decision - Antonia's parents? The doctors? A court of law? Ad 3 o Is the doctor right to inform the police? o Is the son guilty of committing a crime? TASK 3D DISCUSSION. Are these the same in the Czech Republic? Four types of euthanasia Suicide = killing yourself. In the UK it is illegal to help someone commit suicide. Voluntary euthanasia = when someone asks to die. They may not be able to commit suicide so they need help or they may not be able to ask to die, but they have left instructions. Involuntary euthanasia = this is when someone has not actually asked to die. However, they are killed so that they do not have to suffer any more. Non-voluntary euthanasia = killing someone who is not able to ask to live or die. For example, they might be in a long-term coma. Taken from: MacAndrew, R. & Martínez, R. (2001). Taboos and Issues. Thomson, Heinle, pp. 28. TASK 4A Using the below picture, write a description of the "Historical and Future Expected Age and Sex Distribution in the Canadian Population". Use linking words suitable for comparing and contrasting. Compare your text ( 5 – 7 sentences) to your neighbour´s. Taken from: http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/documents/ihspr_strat_plan_2015-19-en.pdf TASK 4B Before you listen to the recording, study the following vocabulary. To get the right definitions, match the numbers in the left column with the letters in the right column. Complete the middle column with the Czech translations of the English words or phrases. English Czech Definition 1 ageing A a serious illness affecting someone’s brain and memory in which they gradually stop being able to think or behave in a normal way. Most forms of dementia usually affect only old people 2 phenomenon B problem with the brain which can make someone unable to move a part of their body, a medical condition in which blood is suddenly blocked and cannot reach the brain, or in which a blood vessel in the brain breaks, often causing a loss of the ability to speak or to move particular muscles 3 burden C a serious illness caused by a group of cells in the body increasing in an uncontrolled way. It is often treated by chemotherapy (=special drugs) or by radiotherapy 4 stroke D a serious medical condition in which your body does not produce enough insulin to reduce the amount of sugar in the blood 5 cancer E a difficult thing people have to deal with 6 diabetes F a medical condition in which the force of blood in the veins is too high 7 dementia G getting older 8 chronic H serious and lasting for a long time, the opposite expression: acute 9 the global community I an event or situation that can be seen to happen or exist, something unusual that happens 10 high blood pressure J the group of countries which sees itself as connected, often helping each other economically and socially Definitions adapted from: www.macmillandictionary.com TASK 4C Based on the information in the recording say whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) and justify your choice. (http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2012/04/120405_witn_agei ng_population.shtml) 1 Health systems around the world are adequately equipped to deal with population ageing. T/F 2 Population ageing is fastest in high-income countries. T/F 3 People in the poorest countries suffer from chronic conditions rather than acute conditions. T/F TASK 5A DISCUSSION. Discuss the message communicated by the below pictures. 1 2 Picture 1 taken from: http://chieforganizer.org/2013/03/13/raising-retirement-age-is-the-poor-subsidizing-the-rich/raisin g-the-retirement-age/ Picture 2 taken from: http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/columnist/powell/2015/11/07/full-retirement-age-magic-number-so cial-security-benefits/74656796/ TASK 5B DISCUSSION. To be able to participate in the following discussion, make sure you are familiar with the following words and phrases. to pay enough social insurance contributions to save up for your retirement qualifying years to raise / lower the retirement age old page pensions sufficient to live on to be eligible for old age pension TASK 5C DISCUSSION. In pairs discuss the following questions. 1 What is the age of retirement in your country? Is it different for men and women? Has it been raised or lowered recently? 2 Have you planned for your retirement or will you ever plan for it? 3 Do you think people have to get retired at a certain age or according to their ability? 4 Do you think retired people miss their jobs? How about you, will you? 5 What are some difficulties that retired people have? 6 Do you think that current state old-age pensions are sufficient to live on in the Czech Republic? 7 Do you think that old-age pensions will be sufficient in the Czech Republic when you retire? 8 What conditions do you need to fulfil in the Czech Republic to be eligible for the state old-age pension? Questions 1-5 taken from http://www.languageties.com/en/conversation-questions/topic/retirement HOMEWORK Free writing means that you sit down and get it all out of your chest, on the piece of paper… Here, try to express your feelings and dreams and wishes. Pay attention to the tenses you use. Write as much as you wantJ Before I retire… When I grow old… When I become a grandparent… VOCABULARY ageing /ˈeɪdʒɪŋ/ stárnutí to arrest sb /əˈrest/ zatknout burden /ˈbɜː(r)d(ə)n/ břemeno cancer /ˈkænsə(r)/ rakovina chronic /ˈkrɒnɪk/ chronický to comfort sb /ˈkʌmfə(r)t/ utěšovat comfort /ˈkʌmfə(r)t/ útěcha deceased /dɪˈsiːst/ zesnulý dementia /dɪˈmenʃə/ demence demographics /ˌdeməˈɡræfɪks/ demografie diabetes /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/ diabetes eligible for /ˈelɪdʒəb(ə)l/ mající nárok na, způsobilý pro insurance /ɪnˈʃʊərəns/ pojištění nurse /nɜː(r)s/ zdravotní sestra phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ jev physician /fɪˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ lékař relief /rɪˈliːf/ úleva to retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ odejít do důchodu retirement /rɪˈtaɪə(r)mənt/ důchod to relieve /rɪˈliːv/ ulevit symptom /ˈsɪmptəm/ symptom euthanasia /ˌjuːθəˈneɪziə/ eutanázie manslaughter /ˈmænˌslɔːtə(r)/ zabití (neúmyslné) (to) murder /ˈmɜː(r)də(r)/ vražda, zavraždit stroke /strəʊk/ mrtvice sufficient /səˈfɪʃ(ə)nt/ dostatečný, dostačující suicide /ˈsuːɪsaɪd/ sebevražda voluntary /ˈvɒlənt(ə)ri/ dobrovolný involuntary /ɪnˈvɒləntəri/ nedobrovolný, mimovolní SELECTED PHRASES high blood pressure – vysoký krevní tlak at the request of his daughter - na žádost jeho dcery to be guilty of - být vinen to charge sb with murder - obvinit někoho z vraždy to commit a crime / suicide - spáchat zločin / sebevraždu to fulfil a condition – splnit podmínku to give a punishment - udělit trest to have/suffer a stroke - utrpět mrtvici to improve the quality of life for patients - zlepšit kvalitu života pacientů to lower retirement age – snížit věk odchodu do důchodu patient valued the treatment - pacient si cenil léčby to pay enough social insurance contributions – zaplatit/odvést dostatečnou částku na sociálním pojištění physical stress - fyzická zátěž, fyzický stres qualifying years - odpracovaná léta potřebná pro pobírání státního starobního důchodu to raise retirement age – zvýšit věk odchodu do důchodu to reach retirement age – dosáhnout věku odchodu do důchodu to regain consciousness - nabýt vědomí severe irreversible brain damage - těžké, nevratné poškození mozku to suffer from an incurable disease - trpět nevyléčitelnou nemocí terminal diagnosis - konečná diagnóza to take advantage of sth - využít něčeho