IN THIS UNIT YOU LEARN HOW TO: • describe buildings and areas in more detail • agree using synonyms • show people around your town or city • talk about festivals and carnivals • talk about future events in a variety of ways SPEAKING 1 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. • Do you know where this photo was taken? . What do you think of the photo? Is there anything that surprises you about it? 2 Change partners. Discuss the questions. - What's the most famous place you've been to? Did it live up to your expectations? Why? / Why not? • Where would you most like to visit? Why? What would you do there? • Do you think the place where you live is a good tourist destination? Why? / Why not? ABOUT TOWN VOCABULARY Buildings and areas 1 Check any new words in bold in a dictionary. Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1 What kind of buildings and other things might you see in an affluent area? 2 What kind of buildings are usually described as grand? 3 What might you want to do to a hideous building or monument? 4 Can you think of a place with a lot of high-rise buildings? 5 What might the government do to an historic area or building? Why? 6 What do you call the opposite of a deprived area? 7 What do you find in a residential area? 8 Would you recommend a tourist to visit a rough area? Why?/Why not? 9 What might a local government do to a run-down building or area? 10 What do you call the opposite of a stunning building? 11 What might you find in a trendy area? And what kind of people might live there? 12 What's usually happening in an up-and-coming area? 2 Which of the words in bold could you use to describe the area in the photo? 16 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of these verbs. base dominate knock down soar date back house renovate steer clear 1 I hate that building - it's hideous. If you ask me, it should be__ 2 The whole area's really run-down. It really needs to be_and given some investment. 3 It's quite a rough part of town. I'd_of it after dark if you don't want to be stabbed! 4 Some of the buildings in the historic centre _over 600 years. 5 It's an up-and-coming area. Lots of businesses are relocating there so property prices have_. 6 That grand building over there was previously a palace, but now_the national gallery. 7 It's the most affluent part of town. All the embassies are_there. 8 They built this huge skyscraper a few years ago. It really ___the city, PRONUNCIATION D Listen to and repeat some key words from Exercises 1 and 3. Notice the stress. Work in groups. How many adjectives and verbs from Exercises 1 and 3 can your group use to describe buildings and areas where you live? LISTENING g IXQ Listen to a Serbian woman, Ivana, and her friend, May, as they drive through Belgrade. Take notes on what you hear about each place. Work in pairs to compare your ideas. New Belgrade the Arena Big concerts 1 sports events held there. One of the biggest entertainment venues in Europe. the Ada Bridge Manakova Kuca ■ St Mark's Church Built late 1930s - on site of older church. Contains tomb of a great Serbian emperor. Kaiemegdan Fortress the Victor Monument Dedinje GRAMMAR 7 Look at the sentences from the conversation in Exercise 6. Then work in pairs to discuss the questions below. Killllllllli^iiiMi Relative clauses : We use relativeclausesto add informatiorj abouftnounssoK previous clauses. ■ a Over to the right is the Arena; which is where'alltheibia;-concerts and sports events are held. : b It contains the tomb of StefanDusamwho was perhaps r the greatest Serbian emperor ever. c: You might've seen it on TV-it's the place thev held the Eurovision Sona contest. c There's the Victor Monument up there as well, v/nich was erected after the First World War. 1 Which sentences have a comma? 2 If you removed the underlined relative clauses, which sentences would still make sense? 3 Do we need a comma before adding a) essential or b) non-essential information? 4 Apart from which and who, do you know any other relative pronouns? 5 Do you always need a relative pronoun to add information after the noun? Q Check your ideas on page 167 and do Exercise 1. Rewrite each of the pairs of sentences below as one sentence using a relative clause. 1 That statue is of our first president, Vaclav Havel. He was also a famous writer. That statue is of our first president, Vaclav Havel, who was also a famous writer. 2 We're coming up to Dedinje. Dedinje is one of the more affluent parts of the city. 3 Just behind us, over to the right, is Santa Catalina Cathedral. I was actually married in there. 4 And that building over there is the Courts of Justice. I got divorced there! 5 This shop on the left is run by my friend Zora. Her son plays professional football in Turkey now. 6 I started working in that office over there in 2003. Even then, the area was already starting to boom, 7 They produce tiles in that factory. They export most of them to northern Europe. Q- , For further practice, see page 168 and do Exercises 2 and 3. DEVELOPING CONVERSATIONS Agieeing using synonyms In . .. '. ^ „ ihEu.___j 1 ~L _ i - th j t i.lijnu- Z i ■ ' 1 t , • * amazing \'j> i ■ n ii • < r I im i .' i n,ii 11 *• _■■ U >kik' i i ill i 9 Work in pairs. Take turns saying and agreeing with the opinions below. Use synonyms to agree. 1 That's a really hideous building! 2 All the houses round here are amazing, aren't they? 3 That church is incredible! 4 The river looks wonderful, doesn't it? 5 This is pretty run-down, isn't it? 6 This seems like quite a wealthy area. CONVERSATION PRACTICE 10 Imagine you are going to drive a friend round your hometown, the city you are in now, or round a city you know well. Write the names of four or five places you will pass through. Think of details about the places, what you think of them and if you'd recommend visiting them. 11 Now roleplay the conversation. Follow the guide below. Continue as long as you can. Then swap roles. Visitor Driver Comment on the weather. Ask what area you are in. Comment. Ask about another place. s K K Agree and add comment; Explain. Then telí your friend about a building. Agree. Explain. 2 To watch the video and do the activities, see the DVD-ROM. Unit 2 Sightseeing 17 VOCABULARY Festivals and carnivals 1 Look at the photo above. In pairs, discuss the following questions: • Where do you think it was taken? . What do you think is going on? • What might the event be celebrating? 2 Which of these words can you see in the photo? a band a costume a mask a bonfire a fireworks display a parade confetti a float a sound system Match the nouns above with the groups of words they go with. 1 make your own ~ / wear a ~ / hide behind a ~ 2 build a ~ / ride on a ~ / a ~ in the shape of a fish 3 set up a ~ / a really loud ~ / hire a ~ 4 dress up in a ~ / a very ornate ~ / wear national ~ 5 make a ~ / sit round a ~ / throw wood on a ~ 6 listen to a ~ / form a ~ / play in a ~ / book a ~ 7 watch a ~ / a spectacular ~ / cancel a ~ / miss a ~ 8 hold a ~ / take part in a ~ / a — through town 9 throw ~ / be showered with ~ / sweep up all the ~ afterwards Work in pairs. For each of the nouns in Exercise 2 choose one of the collocations in Exercise 3. Think of an example from your own life. Tell your partner your example. Find out if your partner has had similar experiences. A: / went to a fancy dress party last year and wore a scary monster mask. B: Really? I've never been to a fancy dress party. READING 5 Before you read, discuss the question in groups. • What do you know about Venice? Can you say ten things about its history, location, sights or carnival? 6 Read the email about the Venice Carnival. Add the relative clauses (a-j) in the spaces (1-10) in the email. a which are very ornate and beautiful b during which time people fasted c which I hope you enjoy d which would've been almost impossible e which can give you a real shock f which are these pastry things full of cream and stuff g where they hold the big costume parade h which is great fun i who I'm sure you remember j who used to look after the dead and dying 7 Decide if these sentences about the email are true (T) or false (F). Then lookback at the email and underline the sentences that support your decisions. 1 Chiaki, Kyeong Jin and Nina all studied together. 2 Hotels are a bit more expensive during carnival. 3 Chiaki preferred the modern costumes. 4 Carnival celebrates the end of Lent. 5 Traditionally, people ate a lot less during Lent. 6 Chiaki sprayed some strangers. 7 She was shocked at the way people behaved. 8 Chiaki plans to send more photos. 8 Find words in the email that mean the same as the words in italics. 1 It was very kind of Nina to let me stay at her house for free. 2 The city was completely full of tourists. 3 It's not surprising most costumes look so good. 4 The locals generally continue with traditional costumes. 5 The Plague Doctor costume is quite scary and threatening and evil. 6 The food is delicious, but high in calories. 7 Venice is completely changed in a good way during carnival. 8 People light and explode fireworks all the time. 9 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. • Do you have a carnival or festival in your town, city or area? • Do you usually go to it? • What does it involve? Use some words from Exercises 2 and 3 to describe what happens. • Have you ever been to any other carnivals or festivals? Where? When? What were they like? \ v ; To KyeongJin@hotmail.ml-'; ' ■x Subject Re: Hello there Hi Kyeong Jin, i hope this finds you well; I'm reallysorrylihavenltiwritten forso long, : butthe beginningsthe year was really busy for me- andthen I went «• off to Venice for the carnival. In fact; I only got back toBoston last night!« Venice was absolutely amazing; You wotiic've loved it. I stayed with Nina,' _ :■■ from.uni, It was really kind .of hereto put me up - and it meant I didn't have to struggle with trying to find a hotel, 1 - : . The city was completely packed with tourists for the whole ten days, and prices really shoot up. Nina'lives with her family, about tenrninutes'walk-fromthe main square, 3.......................... on the first day nfthp carnival Snmpnfthp costumes were just incredible - people spend months and months preparing, so it's no wonder they.look so good.really. Lots of tourists were dressed up in all kinds of crazy outfits giant rabbits,: pirates, even hot dogs - but the locals tend to stick to traditional costumes, 4 _and they all wear masks as well. My favourite costume is called the Plague Doctor. It's really scary and sinister and I was told it's based on real doctors,5 • -.........: whsn the plague hit Venice. Apparently, carnevale, the word the Italians use, comes from Latin and means 'farewell to meat'. Traditionally, the carnival took place in the week leading up to Lent, the 40 days before Easter, 6__That's why food is really important during carnival, and I ate lots and lots of frittelle,7_- fattening, but really delicious! Venice is as beautiful as everyone says: very romantic and atmospheric. All through the carnival, though, it's transformed as they have big fireworks displays, bonfires, parties and so on, and all the kids throw confetti and spray shaving foam and stuff everywhere, 8_- unless it lands on you! Mind you, we ended up buying a few cans and joining in ourselves! Attack is the best form of defence, right? People also set off fireworks all the time, 9_if you're not expecting it. I nearly had a heart attack a couple of times. I've attached a few photos,10__I was going to send more, but I didn't want to make your computer crash like I managed to last time! I've uploaded loads more onto my website, if you fancy having a look. Anyway, hope to hear from you soon. All the best, Chiaki 18 LISTENING 2 DBS Listen to five extracts. Match each with one of the places above. 3 1X11 Listen again. Match the extracts (1-5) with the situations (a-e). Then discuss the questions (in brackets) with a partner. a Protesting about a proposal. (What's the proposal and why is there opposition to it?) b Promoting something. (What is it?) c Using their powers of persuasion. (How? Why?) d Talking about a forthcoming trip. (Where to? When?) e Feeling unwell. (Why?) 4 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. • Do you think galleries and museums should be free to get in to? Why? / Why not? • Have you ever been to any unusual museums or exhibitions? When? What were they like? • What do you think the most innovative architecture in your town or city is? • Have there been any campaigns against tourist developments in your area or country? GRAMMAR Talking about the future There is no future tense in English. Instead, there are different ways of talking about the. future: s:;ch as going k to + infinitive (without to), will + infinitive (without to), the present simple and the present continuous. . down there tomorrow morning and have a look at that. 5 I think I faint. 6 I_and get you a glass of water. Match the explanations with the sentences in Exercise 5. a This is a fixed timetable. b This is an offer to do something - made at the moment of speaking. c This is a decision about the future that someone has made on their own. d This is a prediction made at the moment of speaking, e This has already been arranged and organised with others. f This is a prediction based on what you can see, feel, etc. G Check your ideas on page 169 and do Exercise 1. WSxélMi^SS^S^S^Ěg^lX......... For certain meanings, we prefer one particular form i However, in many cases, more than one form can be used with little.or no change of meaning. For instance;we prefer rnrre-preyenrcontinrjorjs-totalk-about^rrangementsřbubwe- can also use going to + infinitive (without to)__ I'm having dinner with a client tonight. . I'm going to have dinner with o'.client tonight ..... In sentences 1-6, either one or two of the three options are incorrect when talking about the future. In pairs, discuss your choices. 1 a The move will improve things in the future, b The move is improving things in the future, c The move is going to improve things in the future. 2 a We're going to meet some friends later, b We're meeting some friends later, c We meet some friends later. 3 a I think I'll faint. b I think I'm going to faint, c I'm fainting. 4 a It's going to cause problems at some point, b It causes problems at some point. c It'll cause problems at some point. 5 a What are you doing over the holidays? Any plans? b What will you do over the holidays? Any plans? c What are you going to do over the holidays? Any plans? 6 a I'll carry that for you. It looks heavy, b I carry that for you. It looks heavy. c I'm going to carry that for you. It looks heavy. We often use adjectives to talk about the future. In the extracts, you heard' a Officially, it's due to open in a couple of months b That's not likely to happen. •: c Anyexpansion is bound to worsen the situation. 8 Match the explanations 1-3 with the examples (a-c) above. 1 this is almost certain not to happen 2 this is almost certain to happen; it's seen as highly probable by the speaker 3 the action should happen at a particular time; it's expected to happen then 9 Choose the correct option. 1 There are due to I bound to be problems when the new system is introduced. 2 I think we're due to I bound to arrive at something like twenty to ten. 3 If he keeps doing things like that, something bad is due to I bound to happen sooner or later. 4 He is due to J bound to appear in court on the 31 st of the month. 5 Your mum's due to/ bound to worry about you while you're away. It's only natural. 6 She can't travel at the moment as she's due to / bound to give birth any day now. 7 It is technically possible to get a visa to travel there, but it's due to I not likely to be easy. PRONUNCIATION 10 iaa Listen and check your answers. Notice the pronunciation of the adjectives for talking about the future. Then practise saying the sentences. SPEAKING 11 Work in pairs. Discuss how important 1-6 below are for the future of the area you live in. 1 jobs for young people 2 attracting investment 3 schools and education 4 affordable housing 5 leisure facilities 6 protecting the environment 12 Read the proposal below and decide if you support it or are against it. Write ideas about the effect it will have on 1-6 in Exercise 11, using future forms. Then work in groups to discuss your opinions. Try to persuade anyone who disagrees with you or suggest changes. A LOCAL BUSINESSMAN IS CURRENTLY APPLYING FOR PLANNING PERMISSION TO BUILD ONE OF THE COUNTRY'S BIGGEST HOTELS AND LEISURE COMPLEXES NEAR WHERE YOU LIVE. IF PERMISSION IS GRANTED. THE COMPLEX WILL INCLUDE A TWENTY-FIVE STOREY HOTEL, THREE GOLF COURSES. A SPA. A CASINO AND A WATER PARK. ©E SEH 20 Unit 2 Sightseeing 21 A CHINESE ARTIST IN HARLEM 1 Look at the photo. Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. • Have you ever had any art lessons? • What did you do in the lessons? Did you enjoy them? Why? / Why not? • Do you think art Is a good subject to study at college or university? Why? / Why not? . What do you think art students go on to do once they've graduated? 2 LKi Watch the first part of a video about a Chinese artist, Ming Liang Lu (0.00-2.07). Find out about his life. Compare what you understood with a partner. 3 Before watching the next part, discuss how his current work might be important to the children in Harlem. Watch and see if your ideas were mentioned (2.08-4.23). 4 Lid In pairs, discuss how you think these extracts from the video continued. Watch again to check the actual words used in the video. 1 Sometimes this diversity results in clashes between cultures. Other times ... 2 At a very young age, he learned about calligraphy and painting from his father and ... 3 Ming set up his easel and drew and painted portraits of tourists in order to survive. But... 4 Ming [...] began to work for the New York Chinese Cultural Center. Through them ... 5 You cannot teach solely by the book, paper and pencil. They... 22 6 The children view Ming as their teacher from China, but Ming sees beyond ethnicity. He just ... 7 Even though New York is already established as a diverse international city,.... 8 What we don't want to do to our students is to .... 9 Ming is also serving as a kind of cultural ambassador for his country. In the long run,... 5 Work in groups. Discuss the questions. • What is your impression of Ming and the work he does? What do you think of his art? . What do you see as the benefits and problems of the project in Harlem? Explain your ideas. • Did you meet people from other countries when you were growing up? Who? • Would you be a good cultural ambassador for your country? Why? / Why not? UNDERSTANDING FAST SPEECH 6 Look at this extract from the video. To help you, groups of words are marked with / and stressed sounds are in CAPITALS. Pauses are marked //. Practise saying the sentence. AS we all KNOW / a LOT of ARtists / ARE // not em PLOYED // BEing ARtists // SO / I'm HOPing that what WE do / IS / to provide them this opporTUnity / to really PRActise // UM / in the FIELD that they've been TRAINED for//. 7 uu Listen to how Amy said this sentence. Now you have a go! Practise saying the extract again fast. REVIEW 1 Listen. Write the six sentences you hear. GRAMMAR 1 Complete the text with one word in each space. I'm a big football fan. I've been going to watch my tocat club for nearly twenty years, i1_to go with my grandad,2_was a fan all his life. He 3_usually pick me up early and take me for a burger before the game, so it was a real day out. My dad came with us now and 4_but he isn't that keen 5_football, to be honest. 6_, my grandad died a couple of years ago, so now 17_to go on my own and meet friends _ have made at the club. The club has decided it's -stadium because it10_ _to move to a new _ have a bigger capacity than the current one and they hope to host some matches in the tournament11_will be held here next year. The old stadium is going 12 ____ be knocked down and replaced with flats, some 13_which will be available at a cheaper price. I've applied to buy one and they have said that I'm highly 14_to get one,15_is great. 2 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and five words, including the word given. 1 100,000 people built the Great Pyramid. There were a few slaves. The Great Pyramid was built by 100,000 people, only_were slaves. OF 2 He said it's possible he'll be late, so start without him. He said to start without him as_late. MIGHT 3 There has been a gradual change in the city over the last ten years. The city_over the last ten years. CHANGED 4 They'll definitely change their minds about it. They_their minds about it, as usual. BOUND 5 I don't tend to go out much on a weekday. _at home during the week. RULE 3 Choose the correct word or form. 1 Don't worry about it. / / I'll sort it out later. 2 Apparent I Apparently, it's quite a rough area. 3 As a rule, Monet was painting I painted outside. 4 This guy was looking at me strange I strangely. I felt really uncomfortable I uncomfortably. 5 The main character looks very weird I weirdly when he's in his disguise. 6 We wandered round the city till two o'clock, when I by which time we were starving. 7 Just to say, the traffic's pretty bad here, so lam arriving 11 might arrive late. 8 This film, who I whose writer died shortly after it opened, has won a number of awards. VOCABULARY 5 Match the verbs (1-10) with the collocates (a-j). 1 It houses a revenge for his father's 2 It dominates deatfr 3 It dates back to b that hideous building. 4 |t fu|fj|S c the firework display. 5 The hero seeks d a number of problems 6 The hero encounters 7 They cancelled 8 The baddies assert along the way. e the whole skyline, f a huge collection of art. g the sixth century, h a psychological need. 10 The report has finally ' their power and strength. j the cause of the accident. 9 They should knock down revealed 6 Decide if these adjectives describe a building, an area, a film or a song. catchy grand high-rise up-and-coming disturbing gripping residential uplifting 7 Complete the text with one word in each space. The first letters are given. You may know Notting Hill from the film of that name but perhaps you'd be surprised to know that it used to be quite a ' de_and run-down area of London. Over the last 40 years, though, people have gradually bought houses and 2 re_them. As a result, prices have 3so_and it has become the affluent area you see In the film. Notting Hill is also famous for its carnival, which is held every year in August. Each day people take part in a4 pa_ through the streets, many of whom wear masks or incredible ornate 5co__There are also efl_carrying musicians, which are beautifully decorated or built in the 7sh_of all kinds of different things. In the side streets local people ss_up sound systems playing reggae music. 8 Complete the sentences. Use the word in brackets to form a word that fits in the space. 1 The main character is living in_at the beginning of the film, (poor) 2 I love the photo of the shadow of the pyramid. It's so __. (drama) 3 The meaning is open to__(interpret) 4 It's quite an_scene in some ways, (upset) 5 They're building an__park near there. (amuse) 6 There have been a number of protests against the __(propose) 7 The city undergoes a huge_during the carnival, (transform) 8 I shouldn't eat any more of these frittelle. They're so --(fat) Review 1 23