A2 SEMINAR 5 History - key Task 1 : Textové pole: Neolithic Age Textové pole: Pharaoh Akhenaton died (1336 BC) Textové pole: Peloponnesian war (431-404 BC) Textové pole: Qin dynasty rule (226-201 BC) Textové pole: 4. crusade initiated (AD 1202) Textové pole: Machu Picchu built (1438–1472) Textové pole: Ottoman Empire Expansion (1522-66) Textové pole: Treaty of Westfalia (1648) Textové pole: German invasion of Belgium (1914) Textové pole: Indian Indepedene Act (1947) Task 2: 1. G 2.A 3.E 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.F Task 3: 1. When did Lenin return home? In 1917, assisted by the Germans, he returned home. 2. Where was Francisco Pizarro born? at Trujillo, in Estremadura, Spain 3. Who did Mbande Nzinga ally with? She formed an alliance with the Dutch. 4. When was Joan of Arc canonized? She was canonized in 1920. 5. Why did Qin Shi Huang burn books? To ensure stability. Task 4: 1. What is Churchill's view of the bombing of Dresden, according to these drafts? The bombing „should be reviewed from the point of view of our own interests”. 2. What does Churchill feel should be the target of bombing raids? „military objectives, such as oil and communications behind the immediate battle-zone.” 3. What reasons might Churchill have had for his opposition to the bombing? TO BE CONSIDERED „We must see to it that our attacks do not do more harm to ourselves in the long run.” 4. What is different in the wording of the two drafts? e.g. bombing of German cities x so called “area bombing” I am of the opinion that military objectives must henceforth be more strictly studied in our own interests rather than that of the enemy. X We must see to it that our attacks do not do more harm to ourselves in the long run than they do to the enemy’s immediate war effort. 5. The first draft of the letter was never sent. Why do you think Churchill rewrote this letter? TO BE DISCUSSED Task 6: A. Henry V A dead, his son a few months old B describes serious trouble, not true C Henry V´s brother C takes the town of Le Mans D pulls France together E talks about Joan of Arc E a French writer E closed in abby for 11 years F fled from Paris G a charismatic leader G executed swiftly crosses to the English (Duke John of Brittany) B. Shakespeare C. Duke of Bedford D. Dauphin E. Christiane de Pizan F. Charles G. Joan of Arc Task 7: Listening transcript Bob: So now the King of France and England is an eight month old baby. Jo: It's a lot of responsibility for a small child. Bob: So I suppose that's it for the war effort. Henry's dead, his son is only a few months old. The English must have been in really serious trouble. Jo: That's what Shakespeare tells us but it's not true. Actually things stay as they are for quite a long time. The Duke of Bedford, Henry V's brother commands the English forces in France and he does a pretty impressive job. Bob: Do they actually win any battles? Jo: They actually do. Verneuil in 1424 is a big English victory against a joint French and Scottish force. In 1425 Bedford takes the town of Le Mans and he begins to put serious pressure on Brittany. In 1427 Duke John of Brittany renounces his allegiance to the Dauphin and crosses to the English side because they're so close to overrunning him. So for most of the 1420s, the English are in actually a really strong position. Bob: I sense a "but" coming up here. Jo: Well suddenly, right at the end of the decade everything unravels very fast. The English are held at Orleans and then suffer a series of defeats. Bob: Why? What's changed? Jo: Here's the French writer Christine de Pizan giving us a hint. Christine de Pizan: I Christine, who have wept for 11 years in a closed abbey where I have lived ever since Charles the King's son fled, if I dare say it, in haste from Paris. Enclosed here because of this treachery, I begin, for the first time, to laugh. A young girl of 16 years (is this not something beyond nature?) to whom weapons seem weightless and the enemies flee before her. And so, you English, you are checkmated. You thought you had already conquered France and that she would be yours forever. Things have turned out differently. Bob: She's talking about Joan of Arc. Jo: Precisely. Now the French have the charismatic leader they need. It's enough for the Dauphin to get himself crowned and start to pull France back together. England's allies quickly begin to backslide against the Treaty and over the 1430s really everything comes apart. Even though Joan is captured an executed swiftly, England is now fighting to hold on to the 25% of France it's got, it's no longer advancing and although it's a long drawn out process that goes on into the 1550s, it seems inevitable almost that England will now lose all its French lands. Task 8: 1.was 2.received 3.hoped 4.could 5.destroyed 6.married 7.encouraged Task 9: 1. Since Anna’s attempt to seize the throne had failed / was failing, she was forced to retire from court. 2. After her husband had died, she was entering / entered a monastery. 3. She had lived / was living in the monastery, when 55-year-old Anna began serious work on Alexiad, a 15 volume history of her family, the Comneni. 4. In her work, Anna described / had described the Crusaders from the West. 5. Her father asked Pope Urban I for help after the Turkish attacks were leaving / had left the southern and eastern borders of the Byzantine Empire defenceless. 6. Urban II’s response was positive and the First Crusaders had arrived / arrived in Constantinople. 7. To Anna, they had appeared / appeared as uneducated barbarians. Task 10: 1. She could/ may have expected that at her father's death she would take his place.. 2. Her mother could have encouraged her to try and seize the imperial throne for him. 3. It must have been in the monastery, where 55-year-old Anna began serious work on Alexia.. 4. Her father must have wanted to stop the Turkish attacks. 5. To Anna, they may / could have looked as uneducated barbarians. Task 11: 1. had not been touched 2. were moving 3. made 4.was believed 5. had been practised 6. was made 7. had devastated