Types of Counseling used for children By Holly Trask Counseling Psychology Cognitive Development ¡Children and adults are at different stages of their cognitive development ¡A child cannot understand complex ideas or things that adults can ¡Because of this difference in cognitive development, different methods are used when a child goes in for counseling ¡There are many different kinds of counseling ¡Some are used for both children and adults but used at different levels Some Different Types of Counseling ¡Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ¡Dialectal Behavioral Therapy (DBT) ¡Family Therapy ¡Group Therapy ¡Interpersonal Therapy ¡Paly Therapy ¡Art Therapy ¡Music Therapy ¡ Counseling used with Children ¡Art Therapy ¡Music Therapy ¡Play Therapy ¡Family Therapy ¡Dialectal Therapy Art Therapy ¡What is Art therapy? ¡a type of psychotherapy that encourages the expression of emotions through artistic activities such as painting, drawing, or sculpture; psychotherapy based on the belief that the creative process involved in the making of art is healing and life-enhancing. ¡It is not only for children ¡ Art Therapy cont. ¡How can it benefit a child? ¡It can help a child process and express emotions that might feel scary or difficult ¡It can be helpful for children because they do not have a large vocabulary of words or don’t speak the language of the country they live in ¡Children are more creative and can draw pictures more easily than answer questions When Art Therapy can be helpful ¡Death of a family member or friend ¡Childhood trauma involving physical, mental, or sexual abuse ¡Learning disabilities ¡Emotional issues like fear of abandonment or phobias ¡Deal with the challenges of serious diseases like cancer ¡Help children understand and deal with physical disabilities ¡Help children with Autism communicate feelings Videos ¡https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdF9MDt2guA ¡https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1srzns_Cf-c ¡ Music Therapy ¡What is Music Therapy? ¡Music Therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program. Music Therapy cont. ¡Music Therapy can help children who are behind in development ¡It can help autistic children in language development and other skills ¡“therapy through music establishes a contact between educators and persons with a compromised psychophysical condition, unlocking and activating communication channels that connect them with the world around, succeeding to improve the quality of life, to develop the capacity of self-control, concentration, creative expression and relaxation” (Filimon, 2014). ¡ Benefits of Music Therapy ¡What are the benefits of music therapy? ¡Helping a child develop their communication skills ¡Promoting concentration and listening skills ¡ Helping the child to find ways to express feelings creatively and constructively beyond their behavior ¡ Facilitating parents understanding of their child’s evolving needs ¡ Helping relationships within families grow and develop ¡Providing emotional support during hospital stays for children and young people ¡(“Music Therapy…”, n.d.) Videos ¡ ¡https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=736ubPebPzY&t=220 ¡ ¡https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PT9AYwpD3I (Autism) ¡ Play Therapy ¡What is Play Therapy? ¡Play therapy involves the use of toys, blocks, dolls, puppets, drawings and games to help the child recognize, identify, and verbalize feelings. ¡A therapist will watch how the children play and can identify patterns or themes from the play to understand what the child is feeling or problems Play Therapy cont. ¡It can help children better understand and manage their feelings, behaviors and conflicts ¡It is one of the therapies used most by counselors (Lin & Bratton, 2015) ¡“Play therapy provides children with a nonverbal and universal means of expression that allows them to bridge the gap between concrete and abstract thought” (Lin & Bratton, 2015) ¡ ¡ ¡ Video ¡https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4ovwAdxCs0 ¡ Family Therapy ¡What is Family Therapy? ¡“focuses on helping the family function in more positive and constructive ways by exploring patterns of communication and providing support and education” (“Psychotherapies…”, 2013) ¡The child along with any family, like parents, siblings, or grandparents can all be part of the session ¡ Different types of Family Therapy ¡Structural Family Therapy ¡This type of Therapy is where family relationships, behaviors, and patterns are looked at in the session to evaluate the family structure ¡Strategic Family Therapy ¡“examines family processes and functions, such as communication or problem-solving patterns, by evaluating family behavior outside the therapy session” (“Family Systems..”, 2015). ¡Intergenerational Family Therapy ¡Looks at generational influences and behaviors. If they can identify “multigenerational behavioral patterns, such as managing anxiety, [it] can help people see that their current problems may be rooted in previous generations” ” (“Family Systems..”, 2015). Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) ¡What is Dialect Behavioral Therapy? ¡This type of therapy is used with adolescents who have chronic harmful thought (suicide, self harm), engaging in self harming behaviors, and for those who have Borderline Personality Disorder ¡“DBT emphasizes taking responsibility for one's problems and helps the person examine how they deal with conflict and intense negative emotions” (“Psychotherapies…”, 2013) ¡ What are the components of DBT? ¡DBT skills training group ¡This is where clients learn different behavior skills. It is taught like a class and the clients are given homework after learning different skills in a class that meets for approx. 2.5 hrs. ¡DBT individual therapy ¡This part is to help motivating and helping the client apply the skills he or she learned to specific difficulties and life situations ¡DBT phone coaching ¡This provides the client with an option to have in-the-moment coaching when needed. They can call their coach when the need help most ¡DBT therapist consultation team ¡“is intended to be therapy for the therapists and to support DBT providers in their work with people who often have severe, complex, difficult-to-treat disorders. The consultation team is designed to help therapists stay motivated and competent so they can provide the best treatment possible (“What is DBT”, n.d.). Skills taught in DBT ¡Mindfulness: the practice of being fully aware and present in this one moment ¡Distress Tolerance: how to tolerate pain in difficult situations, not change it ¡Interpersonal Effectiveness: how to ask for what you want and say no while maintaining self-respect and relationships with others ¡Emotion Regulation: how to change emotions that you want to change ¡(“What is DBT”, n.d.). ¡ Video ¡ ¡https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hDJi86n9-Rk ¡ ¡ References ¡American Music Therapy Association. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.musictherapy.org/about/quotes/ ¡Art Therapy. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/art therapy?s=t ¡Durrani, H. (2014). Facilitating attachment in children with autism through art therapy: A case study. Journal Of Psychotherapy Integration, 24(2), 99-108. doi:10.1037/a0036974 ¡Family Systems Therapy. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.goodtherapy.org/family-systems-therapy.html# ¡Filimon, R. r. (2014). THE VALUE OF CONTEMPORARY MUSIC EDUCATION AND MUSICAL ANIMATION: EDUCATION FOR MUSIC, EDUCATION THROUGH MUSIC AND THERAPY THROUGH MUSIC. Review Of Artistic Education, (7/8), 127-132. ¡ References ¡How Art Therapy Can Help Children. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.arttherapyjournal.org/art-therapy-for-children.html ¡Lin, Y., & Bratton, S. C. (2015). A Meta-Analytic Review of Child-Centered Play Therapy Approaches. Journal Of Counseling & Development, 93(1), 45-58. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.2015.00180.x ¡Music Therapy for children and young people. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.chelwest.nhs.uk/services/therapy-services/music-therapy-children ¡ ¡ References ¡Psychotherapies For Children And Adolescents. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/Facts_for_Families_Pages/Psychothe rapies_For_Children_And_Adolescents_86.aspx ¡What is DBT? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://behavioraltech.org/resources/whatisdbt.cfm