τύραννος [ῠ], ὁ, also ἡ (v. infr. I.2), an absolute ruler, unlimited by law or constitution, first
in h.Mart. 5 (unless the hymn is late), where it is used of a god, Ἆρες, . . ἀντιβίοισι
τύραννε; so ὁ τῶν θεῶν τ., of Zeus, A.Pr.736, cf. Ar.Nu.564 (lyr.); ὦ τύραννε τᾶς ἐμᾶς φρενός, i.e.
Apollo, S.Tr.217 (lyr.); σὺ δ’ ὦ τύραννε θεῶν τε κἀνθρώπων Ἔρως E.Fr.136; Μὴν Τύραννος, a Phrygian
deity worshipped in Attica, IG22.1366.2(i A. D.), al.; οὔ, τὴν τ. (perh. Hera), in an
oath, Herod.5.77: first used of monarchs in the time of Archil. (cf. τυραννίς I) acc. to Hippias 9
D.; Φίττακον ἐστάσαντο τ. Alc. 37 A; ἢν μή τις ἢ τ. ἢ σκηπτοῦχος ᾖ Semon.7.69; λαγέτας
τ. Pi.P.3.85; interchangeable with βασιλεύς in Isoc.2.4 (cf. I), 35 (cf. 36); later, chief,
princeling, OGI 654.8 (Egypt, i B. C.); τ. ἴδιοι καθ’ ἕκαστον ἐμτπόριον Peripl.M.Rubr.14: c.
gen., Κροῖσος . . τ. ἐθνέων τῶν ἐντὸς Ἅλυος Hdt.1.6; Κλεισθένης ὁ Σικυῶνος τ., Ἱστιαῖος ὁ Μιλήτου
τ.,etc., Id.5.67, 7.10.γʹ, etc.; ὁ τῶν Κυπρίων τ. Sor.1.39; οἱ τ., of the
Sicilian tyrants, Th.1.14; of the Pisistratidae, X.HG6.5.33, Arist.Ath.13.5, Pol.1275b36,
cf. Th.6.54, Pl.Smp.182c; τὸν τ. κτανέτην Scol.9.3; οἱ τ. the monarchical party,προδιδοὺς τοῖς τ.
τὴμ πόλιν τὴν Ἐρυθραίων IG12.10.32: freq. in a bad sense, δημοφάγος τ. Thgn.1181,
cf. 823, Hdt.3.80, Pl.Grg.510b, Plt. 301c, R.569b, etc.; ὕβρις φυτεύει
τύραννον S.OT873 (lyr.).2. in a wider sense, of members of the ruler's family, οἱ τ. 'the royal
house', Id.Tr.316, cf. OC851, Charito 1.2: ἡ τύραννος is used both of the queen herself and the
king's daughter, princess, E.Hec.809, Med. 42, 877, 1356, cf. infr. II; πρέπει γὰρ ὡς τ.
εἰσορᾶν, of Clytemnestra, S.El.664; αὐτὴ . . τ. ἦ Φρυγῶν E.Andr.204.3. metaph., ἵνα Δίκη τ. ᾖ that
Justice may be supreme, Critias 25.6D.; Ἔρως τ. ἀνδρῶν E. Hipp.538 (lyr.); Πειθὼ τὴν τ. ἀνθρώποις
μόνην Id.Hec.816.4. golden-crested wren, Regulus cristatus, Arist.HA592b23;
cf. τροχίλος I.2.II. τύραννος, ον, as Adj., kingly, royal, τύραννα σκῆπτρα A. Pr.761; τ.
σχῆμα S.Ant.1169; τύραννα δρᾶν to act as a king, Id.OT 588; ἡ τύραννος κόρη E.Med.1125; τύραννον
δῶμα the king's palace, Id.Hipp.843 (lyr.), etc.; τ. ἑστίαId.Andr.3; τ.
δόμος the royal house, Id.Hel.478, etc.; ἐς τύρανν’ ἐγημάμην into the royal
house, Id.Tr.474.2. imperious, despotic, τ. πόλις Th.1.122, 124; αἱ τ. φύσεις Luc.Ner.2.
(Loan-word, prob. from Phrygian or Lydian.)


βᾰσῐλ-εύς, ὁ, gen. έως, Ep. ῆος, Cypr. ῆϝος Inscr.Cypr.104,135H.: acc. βασιλέα, contr. -ῆ Orac.
ap. Hdt.7.220, E.Fr.781.24 (lyr.): nom.
pl. βασιλεῖς, Aeol. -ηες Sapph.Supp.6.4, IG12(2).6 (Mytil.), -ειες ib.646a45,
al., Ep. -ῆες, old Att.-ῆς S.Aj.188,960 (both lyr.), cf. Hdn.Gr.1.430: acc. pl. βασιλέας IG12.115,
later βασιλεῖς ib.2.243, etc.:— king, chief, Hom., etc.: freq. with collat. sense
of captain or judge, Hes. Op.202; διοτρεφέες β. Il.2.445, etc.; θεῖοι Od.4.691, etc.;
later, hereditary king, opp. τύραννος, Arist.EN1160b3, etc.; but also of tyrants, as
Hiero, Pi.O.1.23; of Gelo, Hdt.7.161; of Pisistratus, Eup.123, cf. Sch.Ar.Ach.61: joined with
a Subst., βασιλεὺς ἀνήρ Il.3.170, etc.; ἀνὴρ β.Hdt.1.90; ἄναξ β. lord king, A.Pers.5, cf. B.17.1:
c. gen., β. νεῶν A. Ag.114 (anap.); οἰωνῶν β., of the eagle,
ibid., Pi.O.13.21: Comp. βασιλεύτερος more
kingly, Il.9.160,392, Od.15.533, Tyrt.12.7: Sup. βασιλεύτατος Il.9.69.b. of the gods, Ζεὺς θεῶν
β. Hes.Th.886, cf. Pi.O.7.34, Emp.128.2, etc. (in this sense Hom. uses ἄναξ); as cult title of
Zeus, IG7.3073.90 (Lebad.), SIG1014.110 (Erythrae), etc. (but Ζεὺς β., = Ahuramazda, X.Cyr.3.3.21,
al., Arr.An.4.20.3); ὁ μέγας β., of God, LXX Ps.47(48).2, Ph.2.107: Sup. βασιλεύτατοι τῶν
θεῶν Max.Tyr.29.5.2. as a title of rank, prince, β. εἰσὶ καὶ ἄλλοι πολλοὶ ἐν . . Ἰθάκῃ Od.1.394,
cf. 8.390, etc.; of Cyrus, X.Oec. 4.16.b. descendant of a royal house, esp. in
Ionia, Arist.Ath. 41.3; βασιλέων οἶκοι 'estates of the royal house', name of a district in
Chios, Ἀθηνᾶ 20.168.3. generally, lord, master, Il.18.556, Pi.O.6.47.4. metaph., πόλεμος πάντων
β. Heraclit.53; νόμος ὁ πάντων β. Pi.Fr.169.II. at Athens, the second of the nine Archons, IG12.76,
al., Antipho 6.38, Lys.6.4, Arist.Pol.1285b17, Ath. 57, etc.; ἡ τοῦ β. στοά Pl.Euthphr.2a.2. title
of magistrates in other Greek states, as βασιλᾶες at Elis, GDI1152, cf. IG12(2).6 (Mytil.),
etc., Arist.Pol.1322b29.3. at Rome, β. τῶν ἱερῶν, = rex sacrorum, D.H.5.1, cf. D.C.54.27.III. after
the Persian war (without Art.), the king of Persia, Hdt.7.174,al.; ἄναξ Ξέρξης β. A.Pers.5,
cf. 144, Ar.Ach.61, Th.8.48, IG22.141 (βασιλῆς βασιλέως ὕποχοι μεγάλου, of the Satraps, A.Pers.24,
cf. 44, S.E.M.2.22); less freq. ὁ βασιλεύς Hdt.1.132,137, Arist.Pol.1304b13; β. ὁ
μέγας Hdt. 1.188.2. of Alexander and his successors, usually with
Art., IG22.641,687, Men.293,340 (pl.); Σέλευκος Antiph.187; Ἀντίγονος Alex.III; Πτολεμαῖος Id.244;
Ὀσυμανδύας βασιλεὺς βασιλέων D.S. 1.47; title used by Parthian kings,Plu.Pomp.38, D.C.37.6, etc.;
by Antony, Plu.Ant.54; of God, Apoc.17.14,19.16.3. of the Roman emperors, AP10.25 (Antip.
Thess.); β. Ῥωμαίων BGU588.10 (i A.D.), etc., cf. 1 Ep.Ti.2.2, J.AJ14.15.14; β.
αὐτοκράτωρ IG3.13 (Hadrian), Hdn.1.6.5; without Art., Paus.10.32.19.IV. of any great man, πένησί τε
καὶ βασιλεῦσιν Ps.-Phoc.113.2. first or most distinguished of any class, Ἡρώδην τὸν β. τῶν
λόγων Philostr. VS2.10.1, cf. Luc.Rh.Pr.11; winner at a game, Poll.9.106, Sch.Pl. Tht.146a;
Stoic sage, μόνος β. Luc.Herm.16; βασιλέως ἐγκέφαλος 'morsel fit for a king', Clearch.5; β.
σῦκα, name of a choice kind, Philem.Lex. ap. Ath.3.76f.,
cf. Poll.6.81.V. = συμποσίαρχος, Plu.2.622a, Luc.Sat.4.VI. wren, Arist.HA592b27.VII. queen-bee, ib.
623b9, GA759a20, etc. (The form βασιλέα is scanned ⏑ ⏑ – in Pi.N.1.39; codd. βασίλεια.)


μόναρχ-ος, Ion. μούν-αρχος, ὁ, monarch, sole ruler, first in Thgn.52 (in Ion. form,
as Hdt.3.82,5.46), cf. Sol.9.3, etc.; τραχὺς μ. A.Pr.326; μονάρχους καταλύειν Th. 1.122; δῆμος, ἅτε
μ. ὤν as sole ruler, Arist.Pol.1292a15; γῆς τῆσδε μ. Ar.Eq.1330.2. princelet,
dynast, OGI54.16 (Adule, iii B. C.): generally, leader,
general, E.Rh.31 (lyr.).3. = Lat. dictator, Plu. Cam.18.II. title of magistrate at Cos, SIG1012.13,
etc.b. name of month at Cos, dub. in BMus.Inscr.339.III. as Adj., σκᾶπτον
μ. the royal sceptre, Pi.P.4.152.


ἄναξ [ᾰ] ἄνακτος (cf. Ἄνακες), ὁ, rarely fem. ὦ ἄνα for ἄνασσα, Pi.P.12.4, cf. A.Fr.342:
(ϝάναξ IG4.236 (Corinth), etc., cf. ϝάνακες 4.564 (Argos)):—lord, master,1. of the gods, esp.
Apollo, ἄγουσι δὲ δῶρα Ἄνακτι Il.1.390, al.; ὁ Πύθιος ἄναξ A.Ag.509; ἄναξ Ἄπολλον ib.513, Eu.85,
etc.; ὦναξ Ἄπ. S.OT80; ὦναξ without Ἄπολλον, Hdt.1.159, 4.150, al.; of Zeus, Hom. only in voc., Ζεῦ
ἄναIl.3.351, 16.233; Ζεὺς ἄναξ A.Pers.762; ἄναξ ἀνάκτων . . Ζεῦ Id.Supp.524; μὰ τὸν Δία τὸν
Ἄνακτα D.35.40; Poseidon, A.Th.130; ὦ δέσποτ’ ἄναξ, of Ἀήρ, Ar.Nu.264; of
Apollo Ἀγυιεύς, Id.V.875; ὦναξ δέσποτα, of Πλοῦτος, Id.Pl.748; esp. of the Dioscuri, cf. Ἄνακες,
Ἄνακοι; of all the gods, πάντων ἀνάκτων . . κοινοβωμίαν A.Supp. 222, cf. Pi.O. 10(11).49.—The
irreg. voc. ἄνα (q. v.) is never addressed save to gods; ὦναξ is freq. in Trag. and Com.II. of the
Homeric heroes, esp. of Agamemnon, as general-in-chief ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀ. Il.1.442, al. (so
Euphetes 15.532, while Ortilochos is called πολέεσσ’ ἄνδρεσσιν ἄνακτα 5.546):—also as a title of
rank, e.g. of Teiresias, Od.11.144, 151, S.OT284; of the sons or brothers of kings (υἱεῖς τοῦ
βασιλέως καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ καλοῦνται ἄνακτες Arist.Fr.526, cf. Isoc.9.72, Clearch. 25, and so of
Creon, S.OT85, cf. 911), and esp. of kings, as Xerxes, A.Pers.5, Darius, ib.787,
cf. Ag.42, E.Ph.17, Or.349, etc.; βασιλῆι ἄνακτι lord king, Od.20.194; of the emperors, θεοὶ
ἄνακτες IG14.2012A2, 4.1475 (Epid.).III. master of the house, οἴκοιο ἄναξ Od.1.397; ἀμφὶ ἄνακτα
κύνες 10.216; as denoting the relation of master to slave, freq. in Od.; ἄναξ, θεοὺς γὰρ δεσπότας
καλεῖν χρεών E.Hipp.88; of the Cyclops, as owner of flocks, Od.9.440.IV. metaph., κώπης, ναῶν
ἄνακτες lords of the oar, of ships, A.Pers.378,383; πύλης ἄ. θυρωρέ, of a porter, S.Fr.775; ἄ.
ὅπλων E.IA1260; ψευδῶν Id.Andr.447; ὑπήνης Pl.Com.122; κέντρων, of planets holding cardinal
points, Man.1.66.—Poet. word.


ἐσσήν (A), ῆνος, ὁ, priest of Artemis of Ephesus, in pl., SIG352.6 (iv B. C.), 363.10 (iii
B.C.), Paus.8.13.1.II. king, θεῶν ἐ. Call.Jov. 66; Μυρμιδόνων ἐ. Id.Aet.1.1.23 (expld.
as, = οἰκιστής by Hdn.Gr.2.923): prop. king bee (i. e. queen bee), acc. to EM383.31.
(ἑσσήν in Call.Aet.1.1.23 (Pap.), perh. because of supposed connexion with ἑσμός, ἕσσαι, or ἡσσάω.)


κοίρᾰν-ος, ὁ, poet. Noun (Boeot. for king, AB1095), ruler, leader, commander,1. in war or
peace, ἡγεμόνες Δαναῶν καὶ κ. Il. 2.487; κοίρανε λαῶν 7.234; οὐκ ἀγαθὸν πολυκοιρανίη· εἷς κ. ἔστω,
εἷς βασιλεύς 2.204.2. generally, lord, master, Od.18.106, Pi.N.3.62, A.Ag.549, S.OC1287, E.Med.71,
al.—Rare in fem., Orph.Fr.38.


πάλμῠς, υδος, ὁ, Lydian word, = βασιλεύς, Hippon.1, 15; epith. of the king of the gods,
Zeus, Lyc.691: gen. πάλμυδος (Dind. for παλάμυδος) A.Fr.437: acc. Πάλμυν pr. n. in Il.13.792.


πᾱσῐ-άναξ [ᾰν], ακτος, ὁ, universal king, Ζεύς Orac. ap. Phleg.1.6 J.: applied to the ruler of
the dead, and hence to the dead, Tab. Defix.Aud.43, 44.