Korean class week 6 Yery Kim Myeng wha Kim Hello welcome to todays Korean class. And we will begin. Index 1.Endings – Sentence Final endings 2.Past tense marker -Subtle differences 3.Double past tense marker 4. Today’s word 5. Today’s conversation 6. Korean culture Today we will be learning about the sentence final endings, the subtle difference of the past tense marker and move on to the double 1. Endings - Sentence final endings Sentence final endings : The typical examples of sentence-final endings are various speech-level endings. These speech-level endings indicate the speaker’s interpersonal relationship with the addressees or attitude toward them (e.g., social meanings such as intimacy and formality of the situation). (여기까지 약 6분) So starting with the sentence final ending, we will be learning 4 types of Korean speech levels. The deferential speech level is the highest among the four, followed by the polite speech level and Inrimate and plain. Starting from intimate, which are intimate and plain, there are no honorific meanings within those two. Each speech level has four endings that shows the type of the sentence which is the declarative which shows the statement, ~~~. We are going to use the stem word for the Korean word ‘eat’ which is 먹다. So if you want to use the word 먹다 in a sentence we could use it by applying one of the above. The first one is deferential, this is used when you want to say it in the most honorific way,, When the word ends with the consonant you put it with 으십시오 but when it ends with a vowel you use 십시오. And it is the same in every speech level. Let us apply four of the endings above to the verb stem 먹[muk] “eat.” When saying “(someone) eats,” one needs to use one of the four interrogative endings (-습니까, -어요, -어, and -냐). Exercise Intermideate 부터 honnorific 전혀 없 Ø: presentation, official meeting, to customers Situation examples : official conversation, to someone older than you, to someone new : presentation, official meeting, to customers : to someone close, when you got permission from someone older : to someone younger *말 놓을까요? [mal noh-eul·kka·yo] *말 편하게 하세요. [mal pyeon·ha·gae ha·se·yo] 1. Endings - Sentence final endings 2분 30초 가량 소요. 하지만 가장 안중요한 부분임. 앉읍시다[an·jeup·ssi·da] 앉아요[an·ja·yo] 앉아[an·ja] 앉자[an·jja] 1. Endings - Sentence final endings Propositive is the suggestion. 8분 50초. 9분 가량 소요. Deferential: 앉읍시다[an·jeup·ssi·da] Polite: 앉아요[an·ja·yo] Intimate: 앉아[an·ja] Plain: 앉자[an·jja] Verb stem + (honorific suffix) + Past tense + speech level ending ends in a bright vowel 2. Past tense marker 었, 았 - Subtle differences 2. Past tense marker 었, 았 - Subtle differences Subtle differences 바지를 입었어요 [ba ji leul i beo sseo yo] 1) “(I) wore a pants” 2) “(I) am wearing a pants” (As a result of the complete action of wearing pants) Exercise 3. Look at the following sentence and write two corresponding interpretations in English (1)커피를 마셨어요. [keo pi leul ma syeo sseo yo] (2) (2) → (2) 한국어 수업 숙제를 했어요. [han gug eo su eob sug je leul hae sseo yo] (I) drank coffee/ (I) am drinking coffee (I) did Korean class assignment./ (I) am doing Korean class assignment 2. Past tense marker 었, 았 - Subtle differences 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ So as we just learned, to use the markers we have to put it in the order of the verb stem 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ •In Korean they not only present what it happened in the past, also consider whether an action or event is completed. We can change a past sentence into a double past sentence by adding -었 [eot] to the existing past tense marker -았 [at] / 었 [eot], there is only one word different of their form -았[at] / 었[eot] + -었[eot] 첫 줄 읽고, so by the past tence we check if it has happened in the past. And on that past tense we could say that what happened in the past has been completely finished by the double past tense marker And the way we can ~~~ 아래 읽기. 았었까지. so it would turn out as 았었, 었었 in the sentence which is only one word different of their form 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ => Bright vowel 가 •Past tense: 가- + 았 + -다 => 갔다 •Double past tense: 갔- + 었 + 다 => 갔었다 • •Polite speech level: 갔었어요 This is the list which shows how the marker is placed. So firstly, if we look at the Korean word that means go, it is pronounced as 가자. And to make it into a past tense we can put 었 or 았 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ •Past tense: Ø어제 학교에 갔어요. [eoje haggyo gass-eoyo] “I went to school yesterday” • •Double past tense: Ø어제 학교에 갔었어요. [eoje haggyo gass-eoss-eoyo] This is the list which shows how the marker is placed. So firstly, if we look at the Korean word that means go, it is pronounced as 가자. And to make it into a past tense we can put 었 or 았 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ •Past tense: Ø친구가 왔어요. [chinguga wass-eoyo] “A friend came” •Double past tense: Ø친구가 왔었어요. [chinguga wass-eoss-eoyo] “ A friend came but is no longer here” This is the list which shows how the marker is placed. So firstly, if we look at the Korean word that means go, it is pronounced as 가자. And to make it into a past tense we can put 었 or 았 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ •Past tense: Ø피아노 가르쳤어요. [pianoleul galeuchyeoss-eoyo] “I taught piano” •Double past tense: Ø피아노를 가르쳤었어요. [pianoleul galeuchyeoss-eoss-eoyo] “ I taught piano but finished./ I used to teach piano ” This is the list which shows how the marker is placed. So firstly, if we look at the Korean word that means go, it is pronounced as 가자. And to make it into a past tense we can put 었 or 았 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ •Past tense: Ø과제가 있었어요. [gwajega iss-eoss-eoyo] “I had an assignment” •Double past tense: Ø과제가 있었었어요. [gwajega iss-eoss-eoss-eoyo] “ I had an assignment long before” This is the list which shows how the marker is placed. So firstly, if we look at the Korean word that means go, it is pronounced as 가자. And to make it into a past tense we can put 었 or 았 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ •Past tense: Ø디저트가 많았어요. [dijeoteuga manh-ass-eoss-eoyo] “There were many deserts” •Double past tense: Ø디저트가 많았었어요. [dijeoteuga manh-ass-eoss-eoss-eoyo] “ There were many deserts but not anymore.” This is the list which shows how the marker is placed. So firstly, if we look at the Korean word that means go, it is pronounced as 가자. And to make it into a past tense we can put 었 or 았 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ This is the list which shows how the marker is placed. So firstly, if we look at the Korean word that means go, it is pronounced as 가자. And to make it into a past tense we can put 었 or 았 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ (2) 받 + 았[at] + 었[eot] + 어요 [eo yo]= 받았었어요 [bad at sseo sseo yo] “received (long before)” 았[at] 었[eot] 어요 [eo yo] 았[at] 었[eot] 어요 [eo yo] (1)좁 + 았[at] + 었[eot] + 어요 [eo yo] = 좁았었어요 [job at sseo sseo yo] “ was narrow” 좁았다는 just explaining if the road was narrow or not. 좁았었어요는 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ -Past tense : 안경이 깨끗했어요. [an gyeong i kkae kkeu tae sseo yo] -Double past tense: 안경이 깨끗했었어요. [an gyeong I kkae kkeu tae sseo sseo yo] 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ •The double past tense marker 았/었 [at/eot] makes the past action or situation more remote than the regular past tense marker 았/었 [at/eot] does •The double past tense marker indicates that the past event is no longer relevant to the present activity or situation. It indicates that the past action or situation is totally complete. Ex) 보름달이 뜨다 - 보름달이 떴어요 [bo leum dal I tteo sseo yo] “The full moon came up” or “The full moon is up” - 보름달이 떴었어요 [bo leum dal i tteo sseo sseo yo] “The full moon was up (back then)” The double past tense marker 았/었 [at/eot] makes the past action or situation more remote than the regular past tense marker 았/었 [at/eot] does The double past tense marker 았/었 [at/eot] makes the past action or situation more remote than the regular past tense marker 았/었 [at/eot] does. The double past tense marker indicates that the past event is no longer relevant to the present activity or situation. In addition, it indicates that the past action or situation is totally complete. For instance, consider the following sentence. 3. Double past tense marker -‘ 었/았었 [-eot / at eot]’ Today’s word 안경[an gyeong] n. glasses 깨끗하다[kkae kkeu ta da] v. clean 보름달[bo leum dal] n. full moon 뜨다[tteu da] v. rise 냉장고[naeng jang go] n. refrigerator 싸다[ssa da] v. cheap, inexpensive 비싸다[bi ssa da] v. expensive 팔다[pal da] v. sell 또[tto] adv. again, conj. and 군대[gun dae] n. military, army 휴가[hyu ga] n. vacation, holiday 앞[ap] n. front 우리 레벨 업 됐지? 하 Today’s word 카페[ka pe] n. cafe 수다[su da] n. chat 얘기[yae gi] n. story, conversation 때[ttae] n. time, the moment 참[cham] adv. really, truly, very 힘들다[him deul da] v. hard, difficult 인테리어[in te li eo] n. interior (design) 예쁘다[ye ppeu da] v. pretty 디저트[di jeo teu] n. dessert 내일[nae il] n. tomorrow 과제[gwa je] n. assignment Today’s conversation Today’s conversation Today’s conversation Today’s conversation Sentence Drill/ Practice < Topic: Café & Restaurant > 1. 물 한 잔 주 시겠어요? [mul han jan ju si ge sseo yo?] : (what) (how many)잔 (action/verb)시겠어요? “Could I have a glass of water?” 2. 냅킨 은 어디 있나요? [naeb kin eun eo di it na yo?] : (what)은/는 어디 (action/verb)나요? “Where is the napkin?” 3. 오늘 카페 에서 숙제 를 했어요. [o neul ka pe e seo sug je leul hae sseo yo] : (when), (where)에서 (what)을/를 (action/verb)어요. “I did my homework at the café today” > Sentence Drill/ Practice 4. 메뉴에 아메리카노, 카페 라떼, 마카롱 등 이 있어요. [me nyu e a me li ka no, ka pe la tte, ma ka long deung i i sseo yo] : (where)에 (what),(what),(what) 등 이 (action/verb)어요. “There are Americano, Cafe Latte, Macarons, etc. on the menu.” 5. 아메리카노 두 잔 이랑 초콜렛 마카롱 하나 주세요. [a me li ka no du jan I lang cho kol let ma ka long ha na ju se yo] : (what) (how many)잔 이랑 (what)(how many) (action/verb)세요. “(Give me) Two glasses of Americano and one chocolate macaron” > Sentence Drill/ Practice 6. 화장실 이 어디 있는지 알 수 있을까요? [hwa jang sil i eo di it neun ji al su i sseul kka yo?] : (where)이이/가 어디 (action/verb)는지 (action/verb) 수 있을까요? “Can I know where the toilet is?” 7. 너 는 뭐 주문 할래? [neo neun mwo ju mun hal lae?] : (who)은/는 뭐 (action/verb)할래? “What do you want to order?” 8. 남은 음식 포장해 주세요. [nam eun eum sig po jang hae ju se yo] : (what) (action/verb)세요 “Please pack the leftovers.” > Sentence Drill/ Practice 9. 어떤 메뉴가 제일 인기 많나요? [eo tteon me nyu ga je il in gi manh na yo?] : 어떤 (what)이/가 제일 인기 (action/verb)나요? “Which menu is the most popular?” 10. 피클이랑 김치 더 주시겠어요? [pi keul I lang gim chi deo ju si ge sseo yo?] : (what)(이)랑 (what) 더 (action/verb) 시겠어요? “Would you please give more pickle and kimchi?” > Korean Culture Korean Culture 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo Korean culture – 1. IT powerhouse Korea, which is called ‘IT ( Information Technology)’ powerhouse, has cell phone signals everywhere In Korea, phone signals are good everywhere, such as subways, train, countryside, basement, and even mountains Most places have Wi-Fi installed All the people on the subway look at their phone Even the highest mountain in Korea has a good signal 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo Kebob,, Vs. Korean ‘street food’ Most of these foods can be eaten within 20czk – 50czk 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo 2. Sincere for food 포장마차[pojangmacha] (snack cart) 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo 2. Sincere for food Koreans have a special affection for ‘MEAL’ (밥) There are various expressions using ‘meal’ 1.When you scold someone – 너 밥도 없을 줄 알아 2. 2.When you trying to approach someone – 밥 한끼 같이 먹을래요? 3. 3. 3.When you’re thankful to someone- 야 내가 밥 한 번 살게 4. 4.When you ask how someone doing – 밥은 먹고 사니? 5. 5.When someone is sick – 밥 잘 챙겨 먹어 6. 6.When we say goodbye to someone – 나중에 밥 한 번 먹자 7. 7.Greeting – 밥 먹었어? 8. 8.When we threat someone – 콩밥 먹고 싶냐? You can’t eat meal if you keep doing like this Do you want to have a meal with me? Hey, I will buy a meal for you Do you eat well these days? Don’t skip meals and eat well Let’s eat a meal later Did you eat? Do you want to eat rice with beans? 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo 3. A country of good security South Korea is the most secure country in the world CCTV is installed everywhere in Seoul, and police officers monitoring the dangerous places through CCTV for 24 hours Dispatch them immediately if there is a problem 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo 3. A country of good security Korean’s creed : If it’s not mine, do not touch it Koreans don’t touch other people’s things that aren’t their own, and in cafes where univ. students study a lot, they can see a lot of expensive electronic devices just placed on the table without their owners https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ne4bfEb20lU 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo 4. Fast country https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MB_GN9N8mg4 Everything is fast in Korea For example, the package arrives on the day, and if you order groceries at night ( 12a.m), it arrives in front of your door at 6 a.m 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo 4. Fast and cheap healthcare system In some cases, you have to wait a lot to go to the hospital and make a reservation But, in Korea, you can visit hospitals without a reservation and receive treatment on the same day & even if there is no insurance, foreigners can get treatment in a cheap cost [USEMAP] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jm73iQudwzY 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo 5. Other things -All stores are open on the weekends and quite many shops are open even on holidays -The public transportation includes buses, subways and taxi arrive on time and can check where they are currently now - -Most of public toilets are free -Also water is for free - - [USEMAP] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nF1zZIETE5k Today’s K-pop Twice – Alcohol-Free TWICE "Alcohol-Free" M/V - YouTube