Korean class week 4 Yery Kim Myeng wha Kim Index 1.Endings 1)Pre-final endings 2)Final endings 3)Postpositional Particles 2. Today’s word 3. Today’s conversation 4. Korean culture l Stems of verbs and adjectives •The stems of verbs and adjectives do not stand alone, and they are always conjugated by various or inflectional endings. Stem of verbs and adjectives (descriptive verbs) + -다 anything being left out after you take ‘-다’ out from the verbs and adjectives is the stem 예시 추가. Done! 1. Endings STEM WORD + PRE-FINAL ENDING + FINAL ENDING tense, aspect, speech levels, and so forth 밥을 먹다 -> 밥을 먹/었/다 [bab-eul meogda] -> [bab-eul meogda] ~무대가 기억에 남다 -> ~무대가 기억에 남/았/다. [mudaega gieog-e namda] -> [mudaega gieog-e nam-assda] 배웠었 Bright vowel. 퐁당퐁당 엇 Heavy. 풍덩풍덩 아 1. Endings STEM WORD + PRE-FINAL ENDING + FINAL ENDING tense, aspect, speech levels, and so forth 식사를 합시다 : 하다 > Stem : 하 Ø 하+ -ㅂ시다 1. Endings -1) pre-final endings Pre-final endings are inflectional elements that come between the stem and the final ending. They include the honorific suffix -(으)시[(eu)si], past tense marker 었/았[eot/at] (*we will learn next time), and so on. -The honorific suffix 찾으시다(찾+으시+다)[cha·jeu·si·da]“look for,” 가시다(가+시+다)[ga·si·da]“go”. -(으)시 -시 Consonant + Vowel + Inflectional: 활용, 어미 변화가 있는 predicate: 문장 속에서 주어에 대해 진술하는 동사 이하 부분. 서술 용법 찾으시다(찾+으시+다) 1. Endings -1) pre-final endings -The honorific suffix -(으)시 -시 Consonant + Vowel + •오늘 너무 예쁘시네요~ = You look so pretty today. [o·neul neo·mu ye·ppeu·si·neyo] •언제나 너무 아름다우시네요~ = You always look so lovely. [eon·je·na neo·mu a·leum·da·u·si·neyo] •수고 많으셨습니다(많/-으시/ 었/습니다) = Thank you for your hard work. [su·go manh-eu·syeoss·seub·nida] 1. Endings -1) pre-final endings -The suffix 겠[get] ①‘겟[get]’ expresses the speaker’s intention or asks the listener’s intention, and it corresponds to “will” in English 열심히 공부하겠습니다[yeol·ssim·hi gong·bu·ha·get·sseum·ni·da] “(I) will study hard” 어디로 가시겠습니까?[eo·di·ro ga·si·get·sseum·ni·gga]“Where will (you) go?” 1. Endings -1) pre-final endings -The suffix 겠[get] ②Second, the suffix 겠 indicates the speaker’s conjecture or asks the listener’s idea regarding the topic in question. It is corresponding to “I guess/think” or “do you think that . . .” in English. 내일 시험이 어렵겠어요. [nae·il si·heo·mi eo·ryeop·gge·sseo·yo]“(I guess that) tomorrow’s test will be difficult” 내일 시험이 어렵겠어요?[nae·il si·heo·mi eo·ryeop·gge·sseo·yo] “(Do you think that) tomorrow’s test will be difficult?” 1. Endings -1) pre-final endings X 1. Endings -1) pre-final endings Exercise 2. Which of the following translation of the Korean sentences is NOT true? ① 음식이 맛있겠습니까? [eum·si·gi ma·sit·kket·sseum·ni·kka] “(Do you think that) the food will delicious?” ② 영화를 보시겠습니까? [yeong·hwa·reul bo·si·get·sseum·ni·kka] “(Do you think that) the movie will be fun?” ③ 길이 좁겠어요? [gi·ri jop·kke·sseo·yo] “(Do you think that) the road will be narrow?” ④ 꼭 담배를 끊겠습니다. [kkok dam·be·reul kkeun·ket·sseum·ni·da] “Surely, (I) will quit smoking.” ⑤ 매일 요가를 하겠습니다. [mae·il yo·ga·reul ha·get·sseum·ni·da] “(I) will do yoga everyday.” 1. Endings -1) pre-final endings 영화를 보시겠습니까? [yeong·hwa·reul bo·si·get·sseum·ni·kka] •Verb : 보다 / Stem : 보 •Meaning of 겠 : asks the listener’s idea regarding the topic in question •Translation : Would you like to see a movie? “(Do you think that) the movie will be fun?” •Fun = 재미있다[jae·mi·iss·da] -> 재밌다[jaemiss·da] • •Translation : 영화가 재밌겠습니까? [yeong·hwa·ga jaem·iss·get·seum·ni·kka] 1. Endings -2) final endings There are two types of final endings: ①Non-sentence final endings = ends a verb or an adjective but not the sentence ②Sentence final endings = ends both the verb and the sentence Non-sentence final endings : Non-sentence-final endings include various causal conjunctives •-고[go] “and then,” •-어/아서[eo/a·seo] “because,” •–(으)면서[eu·myeon·seo]“while,” •-지만[gi·man]“although,” • -도록[do·rok]“in order to,” • Q: 오늘 뭐 했어?[o·neul mwo haess-eo ] What did you do today? A: ~고, ~고, ~했어. [~go ~go ~haess-eo] I did ~ and then ~ and then ~. EX) (나는) 날씨가 좋아서 기분이 좋다. [nal·ssi·ga joh-a·seo gi·bun-i joh·da] I feel happy because the weather is good. EX) 쉬면서 공부해. [swi·myeon·seo gong·bu·hae] Take it easy while you are studying. EX) (그는) 잘생겼지만 내 스타일이 아니야[jal·saeng-gyeoss·ji·man nae seutail-i a·niya] He is handsome, although he is not my style. EX) 성적이 잘 나오도록 공부를 열심히 해야 해. [seong·jeog-i jal na·o·do·log gong·bu·leul yeol·sim·hi hae·ya hae.] You should study hard in order to get good grades. EX) · 1. Endings -2) final endings Exercise 3. Translate the following into English. ①밥을 먹으면서 티브이를 봐요[ba·beul meo·geu·myeon·seo ti·beu·i·reul bwa·yo] ② ② ② ② ②커피를 마시고 아이스크림을 먹어요[keo·pi·reul ma·si·go a·i·seu·keu·ri·meul meo·geo·yo] (I) Watch TV, while eating meal. (I) Drink coffee, and then eat ice cream. First sentence 내가 fully 읽어주기. 한국어로 이 단어 뜻이 뭐고 스팀 워드 이거다 정확하게 설명하고. 하나하나!!! 단어 하나 씩 짚어주기. 그리고 다음에 can you repeat after me? 1. Endings -2) final endings Sentence final endings : The typical examples of sentence-final endings are various speech-level endings. These speech-level endings indicate the speaker’s interpersonal relationship with the addressees or attitude toward them (e.g., social meanings such as intimacy and formality of the situation). Korean has six speech levels, but in this course we will learn four speech levels as shown below. The deferential speech level is the highest among the four, followed by the polite speech level and so on. In addition, each speech level has four endings that indicate the type of sentence: declarative (statement), interrogative (question), imperative (command/request), and propositive (suggestion). Let us apply four of the endings above to the verb stem 먹[muk] “eat.” When saying “(someone) eats,” one needs to use one of the four interrogative endings (-습니까, -어요, -어, and -냐). Exercise 1. Endings -2) final endings Ø: presentation, official meeting, to customers Situation examples : official conversation, to someone older than you, to someone new : presentation, official meeting, to customers : to someone close, when you got permission from someone older : to someone younger *말 놓을까요? [mal noh-eul·kka·yo] *말 편하게 하세요. [mal pyeon·ha·gae ha·se·yo] Korean has six speech levels, but in this course we will learn four speech levels as shown below. The deferential speech level is the highest among the four, followed by the polite speech level and so on. In addition, each speech level has four endings that indicate the type of sentence: declarative (statement), interrogative (question), imperative (command/request), and propositive (suggestion). 1. Endings -2) final endings Ø: presentation, official meeting, to customers Applying four of the endings above to the verb stem 먹[muk] “eat” - Interrogative(question) Korean has six speech levels, but in this course we will learn four speech levels as shown below. The deferential speech level is the highest among the four, followed by the polite speech level and so on. In addition, each speech level has four endings that indicate the type of sentence: declarative (statement), interrogative (question), imperative (command/request), and propositive (suggestion). 1. Endings -2) final endings 앉읍시다[an·jeup·ssi·da] 앉아요[an·ja·yo] 앉아[an·ja] 앉자[an·jja] Deferential: 앉읍시다[an·jeup·ssi·da] Polite: 앉아요[an·ja·yo] Intimate: 앉아[an·ja] Plain: 앉자[an·jja] Today’s word 점심[Jeom·sim] n. launch 잠자다[Jam·ja·da] v. sleep 작다[Jak·tta] adj. small 입다[Ip·tta] v. wear 걷다[Geot·tta] v. walk 기쁘다[Gi·ppeu·da] adj. happy 어디[Eo·di] pron. where 음식[eum·sik] n. food 맛있다[ma·sit·tta] adj. delicious 영화[yeong·hwa] n. movie 길[gil] n. road 좁다[jop·tta] adj. narrow 우리 레벨 업 됐지? 하 Today’s word 꼭[kkok] adv. surely 담배[dam·bae] n. cigarette 끊다[kkeun·ta] v. quite 매일[mae·il] adv. everyday 요가[yo·ga] n. yoga 하다[ha·da] v. do 티브이[ti·be·ui] n. television, telly 커피[keo·pi] n. coffee 마시다[ma·si·da] v. drink 아이스크림[a·i·seu·keu·rim] n. ice-cream Today’s word - conversation 집[Jip] n. home, house 먹다[Muk·tta] v. eat 가다[Ga·da] v. go 말고[Mal·go] par. instead of 같이[Ga·chi] par. together 식당[Sik·ttang] n. restaurant 뭐[Mwo] pron. what, something 파스타[Pa·seu·ta]n. pasta 쿠폰[Ku·pon] n. coupon 모으다[Mo·eu·da]v. collect, gather 할인[Ha·rin] n. discount 받다[Bat·tta] v. get, take, receive ~수 있다[Su It·tta] can do Conversation에 나오는 단어들은 앞으로 순서 바꿔서 고치깅. 그리고 여기서 부터는 컨버세이션에 나오는 단어들이니까 이따 확인한다~ 멋드러진당… Today’s word - conversation 주문하다[ju·mun·ha·da] v. order 스테이크[seu·te·i·keu] n. steak 시키다[si·ki·da] v. make, get, order ~하는김에[ha·neun gi·me] while you’re at it 새우[sae·u] n. shrimp 샐러드[sael·reo·deu] n. salad 알레르기[al·re·reu·gi] n. allergic 그래[geu·rae] yes, okay 버섯[beo·seot] n. mushroom 어떻다[eo·tteo·ta] adj. be how 총[chong] pren. total 개[gae] n. piece, unit Today’s conversation Today’s conversation Korean Culture 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo Korean culture-Dating culture 1.Koreans go on blind dates a lot. After a blind date, they usually in a relationship after meeting 4-5 times 2. 2.If a stranger approaches you suddenly, they will be wary 3. 3. It’s quite rude to date someone else when you’re meeting one person and also not good to go club when you are in a relationship 4. 4.Because they prefer clear relations, they need clear words when starting a relationship 5. 5.From the day they started dating, they start counting, and 100unit days are important days for couples. ( But couples who date for a long time sometimes skip them) 6. 6.If they eat meal together, after it’s essential to go to a cafe or to a wine bar or pub 7. 7.Couple items such as couple rings are worn a lot even if they are not serious relationship like getting marriage 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo Korean culture-곰신 [gom-sin] / 꽃신 [kkot-sin] 3. Military • Korea is a divided country. •Most men in South Korea have to go to the military after when they turn 18. Have to spend 18 months in the military 곰신 [ gom-sin] "Gomsin" is a popular phrase on the Internet. It means shortening rubber shoes, a woman who sent her boyfriend to the military. Also, “꽃신“[kkot-shin] means that a girl who has been waiting for 18 months and the boyfriend will be discharged from the military “Wearing flower shoes." 실내, 천장, 사람, 주방이(가) 표시된 사진 자동 생성된 설명 실외, 잔디, 나무, 사람이(가) 표시된 사진 자동 생성된 설명 1. 1.5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo Korean culture-Restaurant 1. You don’t have to order the water (water is for free, also not tap water) 2. When you order, you can call the waiter (you don’t have to wait until they come to your table) Even, the restaurant has a bell for each tables to call waiters 3. Side dishes can be refilled free of charge in most places 4. You have to go to the counter yourself to pay after eating (The waiter won’t come to your seat) 5. They don't clean up the plates until customers finish eating and leave 6. You don’t have to pay the tip for the waiter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wr7UtYDG7Jo Sharing food Most Koreans order food and share them together So most Korean restaurants give out plates so that each person can share their foods https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cT6eknlHGRk [USEMAP] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nF1zZIETE5k Today’s K-pop BTS - Dynamite https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nF1zZIETE5k