LESSON 1     INTRODUCTIONS
Mr. Hayashi introduces Mr. Smith to Mr. Tanaka.
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Hayashi:    Tanaka-sanr kochira wa Sumisu-san desu.
Sumisu:     Hajimemashite. S u misu desu. Dôzo yoroshiku.
Tanaka:     Hajimemashite. Tokyo Denki no Tanaka desu. Dózo yoroshiku.
Hayashi:    Sumisu-san wa ABC no bengoshi desu.
Hayashi:    Mr- Tanaka, this is Mr. Smith.
Smith:       How do you do. My name's Smith. I'm very glad to meet you.
Tanaka:     How do you do. I'm Tanaka from Tokyo Electric. I'm very glad to meet you.
Hayashi:    Mr. Smith is ABC's lawyer.
GRAMMAR I
Lessons 1-5   Identifying People and Things
1.  noun 1 WA noun 2 DESU
2.  noun 1 WA noun 2 DESU KA Hai, (noun 1 wa) noun 2 desu.
lie, (noun 1 wa) noun 2 dewa ja arimasen.
Present Form		Past Form	
*#	neg	«//	neg.
desu	dewa arimasen	deshita	dewa arimasendeshita
is	is not	was	was not
• Particle wa. Topic marker.
Wa follows noun 1 indicating that it is the topic under discussion. Noun 2 is then identified and the phrase is concluded with desu. The topic is often the same as the subject, but not necessarily. It is also possible for the object to be the topic. (See Note 2, p. 54; Grammar III, p. 66; Note 3, p. 183.) The . . . wa . . . desu structure is not affected by person or number, ex. A-san wa bengoshi desu. "Mr. A is a lawyer."
A-san to B-san wa bengoshi desu. "Mr. A and Mrs. B are lawyers."
• Particle ka. Question marker.
The formation of questions in Japanese is easy. Put ka at the end of a sentence and it becomes a question. No change in word order is required even when the question contains interrogative words such as who, what, when, etc. Intonation normally rises on the particle ka only, i.e.....desu ka. -f
• Hai and lie
Hat is virtually the same as "yes." lie is virtually the same as "no." It is better, however, to think of hai as meaning, "That's right," and üe as meaning, "That's wrong." Otherwise negative questions can be a problem. I.e., to the question, Ja, banana ga arimasen ka, "So you have no bananas?" the reply is Hai, arimasen, "That's right, we have none." Or lie, arimasu, "That's wrong, we have some."
• Omission of topic (noun 1)
When it is obvious to the other person what the topic is, it is generally omitted.
ex. [Watashi wa] Sumisu desu. "(As for me) I'm Smith."
But when it is necessary to make the topic clear, it is not omitted.
ex. Kochira wa Sumisu-san desu. "This is Mr. Smith."
• Dewa arimasen JJa arimasen. Negative form of desu. Ja is more informal than dewa.
KEY SENTENCES--------
L My name's Smith.
2.  I'm Smith from ABC.
3.  This is Mr. Tanaka.
4.  Mr. Tanaka is not a lawyer.
EXERCISES
I Practice the following pattern by changing the underlined part as in the example given.
ex. | Watashi wa] Sumisu desu.
1.  Amerika T a is h i ka n no Sumisu
2.   Amcrika-jin
3.   bengoshi
II Make dialogues by changing the underlined parts as in the examples given. A. ex Q r [An ata wa) Sumisu-san desu ka. A: Hai, Sumisu desu.
1.  Tanaka
R. ex   Q: [Ana t h wa] Nihon-jin desu ka. Aa: Hai, Nihon-jin desu. An:  lie, Nilioii-jin dewa arimasen, L bengoshi
2.  hisho
C.  ex. Q: [Anata wa] Nihon-jin desu ka, Chügoku-jin desu ka.
A: Nihon-jin desu.
1,  Amerika-jinr Doitsu-jin
2,  gakusei, kaishain
3,   bengoshi, hisho
D.  ex. Q: (Anata wa] Donate desu ka.
A: Sumisu desu.
1.  Tanaka
2.  Amerika T a is h i ka n no Tanaka
3.  Ninon Ginkô no Tanaka
E.  ex. Q: Kochira wa donata desu ka.
A: S u misu -sa n desu.
1.  Tanaka*san
2.  Nihon Ginkô no Tanaka-san
SHORT DIALOGUES
Sumisu:	Tanaka-san desu ka.
Tanaka:	Hai, Tanaka desu.
Sumisu:	Tanaka-san wa g&kusci desu ka.
Tanaka:	lie, gakusei dewa arimasen. Kaishain desu.
Smith:	Are you Mr. Tanaka?
Tanaka:	Yes. I am.
Smith:	Are you a student.
Tanaka:	No, I'm not a student. I'm a company employee.
2. Mr, Hayashi introduces Miss Yamada to Mr. Tanaka.
Hayashi:    Go-shokai shimasu. Kochira wa Yamada-san desu. Sumisu-san no hisha
desu. Kochira wa Tanaka<san desu. Yamada:    Hájíme mashite. Yamada desu. Dözo yoroshiku, Tanaka:     Hajimemashite. Tanaka desu. Dôzo yoroshiku.
Hayashi:    Let me introduce you. This is Miss Yamada. She is Mr. Smith's secretary.
This is Mr. Tanaka. Yamada:    How do you do. My name's Yamada. I'm very glad to meet you. Tanaka:    How do you do. My name's Tanaka. I'm very glad to meet you.
quiz warnsm^
I Supposing you are Mr. Smith in the opening dialogue, answer the following questions.
1.  Donate desu ka. A.
2.  Nihon-jin desu ka. A.
3.  Kaishain desu ka» bengoshi desu ka.
A.
II Complete the questions so that they fit the answers.
1.  (         ) desu ka. Hai, Sumisu desu.
2.  Sumisu-san wa (         ) desu ka. lie, Doitsu-jin dewa arimasen.
3.  Sumisu-san wa (         ) desu ka, kaishain desu ka. Bengoshi desu.
4.  Kochira wa (         ) desu ka, Tanaka-san desu.
III  Put the appropriate particles in the parentheses.
1.  Kochira (         ) Yamada-san desu.
2.  Hayashi-san wa bengoshi desu (         ). kaishain desu (         ). Kaishain desu.
3.  Sumisu-san wa ABC {         ) bengoshi desu.
IV  Translate into Japanese.
1.  I'm Smith.
2.  How do you do, I'm glad to meet you.
3.  Miss Yamada, this is Mr. Tanaka of Tokyo Electric.
4.  Is Mr, Smith American or German?