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tO. T. Jl E BE/I E BA
3BYKM
yflAPEHUE HHTOHAHMfl
(y*ie6Hoe noco6iie
no 4>OHeTHKe pycocoro H3bnca
JSflK HHOCTpaHUeB)
H3danue 2-e, ucnpaenenme
ÄonymeHO MHHHCTepcTBOM Bticuiero h cpeßHero aieuHajimoro o6pa30BaHHH CCCP b Kaiecrae yqeÖHoro nocoöna an h cryaeHTOB-HHoerpaHueB
MocKBa
„PyCCKHft Ä3UK'
1986
BEK 81.2P-96 JI-33
PeueH3eHTM: Katpeflpa pyccKoro A3biKa jmu hho crp aHijcB M3H, (3aB. Kacpeapofí JL A. HayivieHKo), ft-p (pHJion. Hayx, ct. HaywbiÄ coTp. H h-Ta cnaBHHOBeaeHHH h 6 an xaHH cth kh AH CCCP T. A. IlonoBa
JleSeflesa M). T.
Jl 33 3ßyKH, ya^peHHe, hhtohhuhh (y^ieöHoe nocoôHe no <J>OHeTH-Ke pyccKoro H3MKa íttih HHocTpaHiteß). — 2-e H3fl., HcnpaßjieH-Hoe. - M.: Pye. A3., 1986. - 270 c.
KHHra npeACTaBnHeT coSoh yMeôHOe nocoSne no (poHeraKe pyccKoro fQbitca, npeflHa3HaieHMoe «n« HHOcrpaHHhix ywamnxcH.
MaTepnan nocoôtu npejjpcTaBJíHeT bosmoíkhoCTb otpa6otkh (poHeTH-
WeCKMX HOpM K3K Ha Ha<iaiIbHOM, T3K H HS npOJJBHHy TOM 3Tanax 06yM6HHH.
riocoÖHe npeaycMaTpHBaeT noypoiHyio pa6oTy Han npoh3hoiiieHHeM, yflapemieM, hhtohühhch — b KOMiuieKce. Orôop Maiepnajta npOBejjeH He TOJibKO c yyeTOM HBneHHH HHTepípepeHUHH, ho h c opueHTanHeň Ha (poHeTH-lecicyio CHCteMy pyccKoro H3biica b uenoM.
„ 4306020100-041 ^ ÄÄ kkií-qi^poa n-015 (01)-86     27~86 BBK81.2P.96
© M3naTejibCTBO „PyccKMÄ H3hk" 1975 © M3flaTejibCTBO „PyccKHft ä3mk'\ 1986,
C HCnpüBJieHHHMH
n PE amcji ob m e
„3ByKH, ynapeHHe, hhtohau,Hh'' — sto npaKTHMecKoe nocoÖHe no <poHeTHKe pyccKoro H3biKa, npezjHa3HaqeHHoe win uHocrpaHHbix yqamrtxcji h3 crpaH coiwa-jiHCTHHecKoro co Apy er Ba (rnaBHMM o6pa30M BHP, ľJXP, HPE, I1HP, MCCP), npoflon^aiomHx H3yMaTb pyccKHít xsbiK Ha 6a3e npezmapHTejibHon x3biKOBott noffTOTOBKH b paMKax HauHOHajibHoft cpeflHeft uikojim.
XlaHHoe nocoGne craBHT 3anaqy npeoaojieHH» aKUeHTa b npoH3hoiii6hhm kak CKcreMbi ycroftmiBbix otkuohchhä Ha ypoBHe 3ByKoynoTpeôJieHHfl, aKueHTHpo-BaHHH h HHTOHHpoBaHHH, HHaie roBopÄ, npeacraBJiAeT co6ofl KoppeicrapoBOH-Hbiíí Kypc pa6oTbi no (poHeTHKe pyccKoro H3bixa c yieTOM npeoflOJieHHH HBJíeHHň MHTepcpepeHUHH bo Bcex ee BHflax1. TaKaa opHeHTaiyiH oôycnaBnHBaeT OT6op (pOHenmecKoro Niarepiiajia b jiByx rnaBHbix HanpaBJíeHHHx:
1) H3biKOBbie HBjíeHHH, npeflcraBJiaioiiiHe cneu.H(pHKy (poHeTHHecKott cHcxe-Mbi pyccKoro H3biKa h b csuiy 3roro BbicTynaiomHe KaK o&teKT oGyieHHa ana npeftcraBHTejiefl Bcex HauHOHajibHocreit (TaKHe, k&k pHTMHKa pyccKoro «3biKa h pesywiHH rjiacHbix, Markoerb — TBepflocTb h rnyxocľb - 3BOHKOcn> cornac-Hbix, OTflejibHbie ocoöeHHOcTH coneTaeMocTH 3ByKOB, (poHeraqecKHe h jickchko-rpaMMaTHiecKHe Koppenjrrbi pyccKoro ynapeHHfl, ranu hhtoHauHM);
2) (pOHcraqecKHe HBJíeHna, npeflCTaBJuiiomHe TpyjjHOCTH jsjisi yqaiujixCÄ onpenejieHHbix HauHOHajibHocreft b amy jieKCHKO-tpoHeTHHecKoft HHTep<pepeH-iihh (HanpHMep, raacHbie [m, o, e, y]; cornacHbie [>k, ih, h\ ÜF, t', u, h\ a\ ji, n\ p, p', j, r, r', x, x', 3, 3', c, c']; npeanorn b, c, ot: rpynnbi cornacHbix: accHMHJiÄTHBHaa NtarKOCTb cornacHbix, HenpoH3hocHMbie h ygBoeHHbie cornacHbie, coMeTaHHH cornacHbix c coHopHbiMH b Hcxofle cJioB, coneraHHa ht, hk, rík
H T. ff..).
B flaHHoÄ KHHre pa3pa6oTaHa CHCTeMaTMiecKaa no^aua tpoHeraiecKoro Ma-TepHana hjiä jihu pa3Hbix HauHOHajibHocreH no TpeM ypoBHHM: 3ByKH, ynapeHHe, HHTOHauHA, npaKTHKa noKa3biBaeT u,enecoo6pa3HocTb TaKoro peineHHH y^eöHoft 3aflaiH Ha npojjBHHyTOM srane o6yqeHHH b paMKax KoppeKTHpoBoiHoro Kyp-ca.
IlocoĎHe cocTOHT H3 20 ypoKOB. JXo uiecToro ypoKa OTpa6aTbiBaeTCH tpoHe-THiecKHÍl MaTepHan TOJibKO na ypoBHe 3Bykob, npH otom b cBeTe TeopHH anneH-
Ta (pOHeTHMeCKH TpyflHbIM OTCMeHTOM CHHTaeTCH TOT, KOTOpblíí HBJlHeTCH oĎteK-
TOM KOppeKTHpoBKH (h6o Bee n,pyrne peanH3yiOTca npaKTHqecKH ôecKOHTpojib-Ho h 6e3 3aTpynHeHHÄ). C uiecToro ypoKa MaTepnan nonaeTca komiuickcho, BKJHoqaa y^apeHne h HHTOHauHK).
Py kob oflCTB yíi cb TeopHeÄ (po pMH po b shhs HaBbiKOB, aBTOp yflenaeT 6ojib-moe BHHM3HH6 3aKpenjieHHK> h noBTopeHHio peanH3amm OTpaooTaHHbix Mon.e-jieft b pa3JiHUHbix ycnoBHHX peqeynoTpeoneHHÄ. 3Ta 3anaqa peuiaeTca b «lertipex ocHOBHbix HanpaBneHHHx:
— k ynpaacHeHHSM ypoKa nepHonnqecKH naioTCH 3anaHHH c „Harpy3Koíi" Ha npoÄfleHHoe b npenbiflymHx ypoKax;
1 Cm.: Jleôedeea H), ľ. IIocoöHe no (poHeTHKe pyccKoro H3biKa. M., 1981.
— 3aKpeiuieHHe npoBOAHTCH Ha 3HamrrejibHOm tckctobom MaTepmne, bkjtjo-qaiomeM o6pa3Uw icnaccHMecKoö h cobctckoh no33HH h npo3bi;
— c 15-ro ypoKa npoBOfíHTCÄ cmctcmam1!eckoe noBTopeime ochobhmx TeM no ynapeHHK) h HHTOHamtH;
— HToroBbrit, HBaflHaTbift ypoK, npeflcxaBJiJieT coöoft noBTOpcHHC Bcero npoflfleHHoro MaTepnana.
Uejib paôoTbi no flaHHOMy yqeGHOMy noco6iuo - He TOJibKo oBJiafleHHe npa-BHJibHbiM pyccKHM npoH3HoiueHHeM, ho h pa3BHTHe pew yMamnxca, noBbiiueHHe Hx o6meKyjibTypHoft h crpaHOBeffJecKofi nojoroTOBKH.
YqeöHoe noco6He ,,3ByKH, yjiapeHHe, hhtohsuhh" BKJiioiaeT h onpeflejieH-Hyio AO-mo TeopcTHMecKoro MaTepHana — npaBHjia npoH3HouieHHH, aKucHTHpoBa-HHa h HHTOHHpoBaHHH. IIocoÖHe paccMHTEHO Ha pa6oTy b ayflHTOpHH noa pyKO-BOflCTBOM npenojiaBaTejra, ho 3<j><peKTHBHOcTb o6yqeHHa B03pacTeT npH ycnoBHH pa3pa6oTKH o raenbHbix ynpajKHeHHH c Hcnojib30BaroieM TexmmecKHx cpencra Ha ypoKe h rjiaBHMM o6pa30M BHe ypoKa, bo BpeMH caMOcroaTejibHOH nonro-
TOBKH yqaiUKXCH K 3aHHTHHM.
B KHHry nonoMceH onur paöoTti co cryaeHTaMH pa3Hbix HauHOHajibHocrefl, H3yqaromHx pyccKHH *3biK b CCCP h 3a pyÖeatOM.
Bo BTopoM H3flaHHH Kypca ero JiHHľBOMeTOHHiecKaa HanpaBJieHHocn> oc-Tanacb npeaaieft. IlepepaôoTKa nocoöna npoBOAWJiacb rnaBHbiM o6pa30M b iuia-He flonojiH e huh jiHHrBHcnmecKoro MaTepHana, nepexo mhoho bkh crpyKTypw mc-TOflHMecKoro ko m m eHTapua, oöHOBJieHHH yqe6Horo MaTepHana ypoxoB h coBep-LiieHCTBobaHHJi cHcreMbi 3a/iaHHň k ynpa>KHeHHJíM nocoÖKH.
AsTop
METOflklHECKWfl KOMMEHTAPHPÍ
flaHHoe nocoÖHe npenycMaTpHBaeT OTpaobiicy HOpM npoH3Ho-uieHHfl no TpeM HanpaBjíeHHííM: 3ByKH} yflapeime, HHTOHainiH — no KOMnjieKCHO-TeMaTHqecKOMy npHHuiíny.
PaöoTa HaA npeoflOJieHHeM aKneHTOB b npoH3HoiueHHH oijiMiaeTCH OT paöoTbi Hafl nocTaHOBKoií npoH3HomeHHH Ha HaianLHOM 3Tane oGyqeHHH. Ecjih Ha HaqajibHOM siane OBJíaneHHe npoH3HocHTejibHbiMH HaBbiKaMH ocymecTBnaeTCH npn HanpaBjieHHOM bhhmühhh, to Ha nocjieflyiomHx 3Tanax, Korfla 4>oHeTHHecKHe HaBbiKH y>Ke c<jx>pMHpo-Bajfflcb, BHHMaHHe ncpeKjiioMCHO Ha iuiaH coflepMcaHHH, a iuiaH o<j)opM-JI6HHH peajiH3yeTCfl rjiaBHbíM o6pa30M MexaHHqecKH. HeoGxonHMOCTb
CaMOKOHTpOJIH Ha  3TOH CTaflHH OÖyMCHHH TOpM03HT MblCJIHT&JIbHyH)
fleÄTejibHOCTb oöyMaiomHxcH h Ha nepBbix nopax flaace MOxceT Bbi3BaTb Hx HeraTHBHyio peaicnHio.
Bo H36e>KaHHe 3Toro HeoÖxonHMO oco3HaHHoe othoiiichhc yqamHxcH k npeoflojieHHK) aKueHTa B npoH3HoineHHH, npH ycJiOBKH no-HHMaHHH ero npHpoflbí, pojiH poflHoro H3biKa, onpeflejiHiomero Te Hjra HHbie MepTbi aKneHTa y jmu, toh hjih hhoh HaimoHajibHocm. He-
npaBHJlbHbie (J>OHeTHHeCKHe HaBbiKH ÖblBaiOT HeOÔblKHOBeHHO miByW-
MH h ycTOHMHBbiMH, hx npeoflojiemie TpeGyeT TepneHHH h uejieycTpeivt-jieHHoň, CHCTeMaTH^ecKOH paöoTbi Ha oÖHJibHOM MaTepHajie npH koh-iteHTpHqHocTH ero nona^m.
npaKTHHecKoe nocoöne „3ByKH, ynapeime, HHTOHauHH" nocTpo-eHo c yqeTOM ocooeHHOCTeň paöoTbi no npeonojiemno aKueHia b npoH3-HomeHHH.
KoppeKTHpoBOHHafl paöoTa npeacTaBJineT coooň ôHHapHbiô npo-uecc: oflHOBpeMeHHoe pa3pyuieHHe HenpaBHjibHoro (^oHeraMecKoro Ha-BbiKa (sto MOMceT SbiTb h nepeHeceHHbiií b TKaHb pyccKoro H3biKa aneMeHT pOflHoro H3biKa) h nociaHOBKa HOBoro, npaBHJibHoro BapHaH-Ta npoH3HouieHHH. Ha Taicyio paöoTy MaiepHana Tpe6yeTcn öojibuie, tom TOjibKo Ha nocTaHOBKy, TpeHHpoBKy h 3aKpenjieHHe hobmx, hch3-BCCTHbix paHee y*reHHKy (J>oHeTHHecKHx HBJíeHHH.
KoppeKTHpyeMbiH 4)0Hera^ecKHH aneivieHT TpeöyeT pa3Hoo6pa3-HLix ycjiOBHH peHeynoTpe6jienHH c tcm, moöbi CTapbiž, HenpaBHjibHbiň
5
H3BBIK He TonbKO pa3pyiuHJicH, ho h „3a6i>iJicfl", qTo5bi npaBHjitHoe npoH3Houiemie He tojimco Öbuio „HaňseHo", ho h bouuio b npHBbMKy. B cooTBercTBHH c TeopHeö no3TanHoro (|)opMHpoBaHHH HaBbiKOB, yc-jioBHeM Hx o6pa30BaHHH ÄBnfleTCH He TOJibKO MHoroKpaTHOCTb no-
BTOpeHHJI, HO H MHOľO K päTHOCTb nOBTOpeHHfl B   pa3HbIX yCJlO-
bhíix peieBOH peajiH3anHH. 3thm h oôiflCHaeicji Hajuraie ao-BOjibHO oÔHjibHoro h pa3Hoo6pa3Horo TeKCTOBoro h yqeÖHoro MaTe-pHajia nocoÖHH, KOTopbift b sebhchmocth ot uejieň paooTbi Moacei Hcnonb30BaibCfl He uejíHKOM, a no ycMOipeHHio npenojjaBaTejiíi.
OÖH3aTejibHbiMH HBJiflioTCH ynpa^KHeHHH Ha OTpaobiKy apTHKynH-
IDÍH (3ByKH - COqeTaHHH 3ByK0B — CJ10B3 — CJIOBOCOqeiaHHJI h npen-
jioaceHHH). 06fl3aTejibHbi jmiiib Te tckcth, nonGopioi npeAJio^ceHHň, CTHXH h nHajiora, KOTOpbie BKjiioHaioT HOBbiň yqeOHbiň MaiepHaji ypo-Ka. Q<lkyjibTaiHBHo MoryT HcnoJib30BaTbCH Te ynpaaaieHHH, b KOTOpbix npoBOftHTCfl 3aKpeiuieHHe MaTepHana ypoKa hjih Te, KOTopbie BKjno^e-Hbi b pa3Aeji „rioBTopeHHe" (cypoKaN°15) — b 3aBHCHMOcTH oTypOB-
Hfl n03,rOTOBKH yHaiHHXCH H HX HHflHBHflyajIbHblX OCOÔeHHOCTeň.
^acTb TeKCTOBoro MaTepHana (paccKa3bi, cthxh h otpmbkh h3 xyAO)KecTBeHHbix npoH3BeneHHň) MoaceT npewiaraibca jsjia AOMaui-
HerO WT6HHH H CaMOCTOHTeJIBHOH paÔOTbl npH HaJIH^HH MaTHHTo4>OHHbIX
3anHceň. B ijejioM flaHHbiö Kype pacc^niTaH npHMepHO Ha 40 nacoB ayftHTopHbix 3aHaTHň. H3 hhx 25 nacoB — o6a3aTejibHbiH KypcH 15 ia-coB — noBTopeHHe. B „rioBTopemie" bxoaht lacTb ypOKOB N°15 — 19 h Becb ypoK N°20. IlpH HenoCTaTKe BpeMeHH mojkho orpaHHWTbCH
JIHllIb 06fl3aTeJIbHbIM KypCOM.
TaKHM o6pa30M, xapaKTepHoö qepTOH ypOKOB nocoÔHH hbjihctch nocTOHHHoe b KJiioHEHHe 3jieivieHT0B npoňfleHHoro b MaTepHaji h o b o r o. TaK npoBOflHTCH 3aKpenjieHHe npoH3HouieHHa Bcex Tpyn,-
HblX 3ByK0B j yflapeHHíI H HHTOHaUHH.
34>(|)eKTHBH0CTb y^eÖHoro npouecca Ha npoflBHHyTOM sTane, b qacTHOCTH b c4>epe (JjoHeTHKH, Bceueno onpeflenaeica ncHxojiHHr-BHCTH^ecKHMH (J>aKTopaMHi npeoAOJiemie HHOH3biqHoro aKueHTa HeH36e>KHo Tpe6yeT noBbiuieHHH ypoBHH MOTHBauHH oÖyneHHH h CT3BHT nepefl npenoAaBaTejieM 3aja,aHy üohckob nyieň CTHMyjiHHHH
TBOp^eCKOH  aKTHBHOCTH  OÖyHaiOlHHXCfl.  OffHHM H3 T3KHX pe3epBOB
h HBUHeTCfl KynbTypHO-no3HaBaTeiibHaa ueHHocTb 3aHHTHH no pyc-
CKOMy H3bIKy BOOÖlue H HO 4)OHeTHKe pyCCKOrO Ä3bIKa B HaCTHOCTH.
PeiueHHe stoh 3aAa»tH ocymecTBJífleTCH b tckctobom MaTepHajie noco6Hfl no TpeM ochobhmm HanpaBjíeHHHM:
1) JTHHrBHHHCTHMeCKaa HH(J)OpMaXHBHOCTb J
2) KyjibTypHO-no3HaBaTenbHoe conepacamie;
3) HpaBCTBeHHO-3CTCTHHeCKaH HanpaBJíeHHOCTb.
JlHHrBHCTHqecKafl hh<J>opm3thbHocTb MaTepHana AocTHraeTCfl ot-6opoM jiHHrBHCTHqecKH ueHHoro MaiepHajia Ha 6a3e conocTaBHiejibHo-
6
ro anajiH3a 4»oHeTHKo-<|)OHonorKqecKHx otctöm pyccKoro h ponHoro H3biKa ooyqaioiuHXCH c yneTOM HHTep(f>epeHUHH h TpaHcno3HuHH pon,-Horo íi3biKa, t. e. Tex ocoôeHHocTeň cHCTCMbi ponHoro H3bnca, KOTopwe „npoBOUHpyioT" aKueHT b pyccKOÖ penn HepyccKHx yqaiiiHxc«. B xone pa6oTbi nepen. y^aiuHMHcn pacKpbmaioTCJi HOBbie h HHTepecHbie acneK-
Tbl He TOJIbKO pyCCKOrO , HO H pOflHOrO H3bIKa, KOTOpbie, KEK H3BeCT-
Ho, b cpe/meň uiKone He H3yMaeiCÄ b chctcmhom iuiaHe. TaK, nanpn-Mep, y öojirapcKHx CTyaeHTOB Bbi3bißaeT ÖonbinoH HHTepec cpaBHeHHe peflyKUHH rjiacHbix b pyccKOM m 6onrapCKOM H3biKax, o6bflCHÄK>mne
T3KHS OIIIHÖKH B np0H3H0UieHHH OOJirap, KHK \y) CTUHOSKd, \y] nyCTUJl,
\y]eoeopujiucb BMecTO   \o\cTameKa,   [o]nycmji, [o]aoeopujiucb,
BJIHHIOIlíHe, KaK BHflHO H3 npHMepOB, Ha CMbICJl BbICKa3bIBaHHfl.
KynbTypHo-no3HaBaTenbHoe coflepacamie MaTepnajia npencTaBjieHO
XyflOJKeCTBeHHbIMH  npOH3BefleHHHMH pyCCKMX H COBeTCKMX ifflcaTejieň
h no3TOB (A. C. riyuncHH, M. H). JlepMOHTOB, H. B. Torojib, A. <Dex, H. KpbuioB, H.Hhkhthh, A.KojibnpB, A. MaihcoB, 0. TiomeB, A. K. Tojictoh, Jl. H. Tojictoh, A. ^exoB, H. ByHHH, B. KoponeHKO, M. TopbKHH, C. EceHHH, B. MaHKOBCKHň, K. nayCTOBCKHH, M. Illono-xoB, A. H. Tojictoh, A. OaaeeB, C. Mhx3jikob, M. HcaKOBckhh, K. Chmohob, H. Ytkhh, C. BacHjibeB h n.p.) .
B CBH3H c HeoÖxoAHMOCTbK) OTpaÖOTKH 3jieMeHT0B pyccKoro peqe-Boro 3THKeTa h b uejiJix OBjianeHHH HHTOHaimeň )khboh pe*ni, a TaK>Ke b CBH3H c 3ana*ieH oBjianeHHH peneßbiMH MonejiaMH KOHKpe-rao-CHTya-THBHoro xapaKTepa b nocoÖHH npen.CTaBjieH Taioice ôonbuioň flHajio-rHqecKHH MaiepHan no Hanôbjíee aKTHBHbiM TeMaM Ömtoboto xapaKTepa: >KH3Hb cTyaeHTa, ceMbH, TpancnopT, nHTaHHe, 3nppoBbe, BpeMeHa rofla, 3KCKypcHH, b Mara3HHe h npyrne aBTOpcKHe TeKCTw.
HpaBCTBeHHoocTeTHqecKaH HanpaBJieHHocTb yneÖHbix tckctob Bbipa^ceHa a^opHCTHiecKHM MaTepHanoM, BKJiioHaiomHM nocjioBHuw, noroBopKH, KpbinaTbie Bbipa^ceHHH b paKypce TaKHx npo6neMHbix TeM, KaK „HejioBeK h npnpojja" (HanpHMep, TaKoe BbicKa3bmaHHe JI. H. TojiCToro: „Cwcrne - 3to Ôbin c npupodoü, euderb ee, eoeopurb c neu") , „0 CMbicne 5KH3HH qejioBeKa" (HanpHMep, TaKue BwcKa-3WBaHHH: ,JKu3Hb - ucKyccTßo eo QceM HuxoduTb Kpacory u padOCTb"
— M. ľopbKHÔ;   „)KuTb - 3HUHUT Uy6CT806ÜTb U MblOlUTb, CTpaddTb U
ÖACüiceHCTeoeaTb,  ocrkclh dpyean MU3Hb - CMepm" — B. ľ. EejiHH-
CKHh) . ripHBeseHHblH  a(|)OpHCTHHeCKHH MaTepHaJI BKJlH)»ieH B TeMy
„TpeiM HHTOHauHOHHaa KOHCTpyKUHH", ciona yme noMemeHw h pyc-CKHe nocnoBHHbi, HanpHMep: „Bce 3a odnoeo, oduu 3a ecex", flro HamicaHO nepoM, roro He BbipyÖHun, ronopOM", „Jlio6Miiib KaTaibCÄ
— niOÖH H CaHOMKH B03HTb", „CeMb pa3 OTMepb — OffHH pa3 OTpeMCb".
PaôoTa no BbipaôOTKe HHTepHauHOHajibHbix HaBWKOB Ha TaKOM MaTe-pHajie Bbi3biBaeT HHTepec y oÖy^aromHxcfl h cnocoÖCTByeT ôbnee npo^HOMy ycBoeHHw HHTOHanHOHHoií MOflejm.
7
KoppcKTHpoBKy h 3aKpeimeHHe (JjoHenwecKHx HaribiKOB Taxíce
uejiecoo6pa3Ho npoBonwTb Ha conepacaTejibHbix TeKCTax, 3aicjiKmaio-mMx b ce6e KyjibTypHO-no3HaBaTejn>Hyio ueHHOcTb. Tax, HanpHMep, 3aKpeiuieHHe HaBbiica paanHqeHHH cornacHbix [ji — ji'j xopouio HneT Ha oienyioiHHx npoH3Beji;eHHHx: „PycajiKa", „YTec" M. JlepMOHTOBa; „Hoqb Ha HCHHTBe" A. MaÔKOBa; „Yipo" M. HmcHTHHa; „Po3bi" M. By-HHHa; „Ecjih h He BepHycb, floporaa" H. YnoíHa; „Benaa 6epe3a" C. BacHjibeBa. IlapannenbHO npOBOJjHTca paôOTa Han, TeKcraMH CTpaHOBeřpiecKoro xapaicrepa: „Ha Bojire", „ľlapyc", „B Jiecy", „Ha
BOK3aJie", COCTaBJíeHHbIMH aBiopoM.
Pa6oTa no 4>0HeraKe h HHTOHauKH xopouio coqeTaeTCÄ c pa3yuHBa-HHeM neceH (pyccKHx h cobctckhx) h pOMaHCOB, HanpHMep: „Hapyc", „ropHbie BepuiHHbi" M. H). JlepMOHTOBa; b3hmhjw Aopora"v,3HM-HHÖ Benep", „y3HHK" A. C. nyiincHHa; „He Bdep, sea c bmcotm", „To 6buio paHHeio BecHOÖ", „Cpenb uiyMHoro 6ana" A. K. Tojicroro; „H BCTpeiHJi Bac" <t>. TroxneBa; „Xotítt jih pyccKHe bohhw" E. EßTyuieHKo; „A rne MHe B3HTb TaKyio necmo", „^to 6bUio, to 6bino" M. AraiHHHOH. 3ia paôoia npoBonjiTCH b ochobhom KaK BHeayflHTopHafl: npocJiyiUHBamie rpaMiuiacraHOK h MarHHTO(J)OHHbix 3anHceö, npoBen,enHe ôecefl o pyccKoň KJiaccHqecKoň My3MKe, o pyc-CKOH Kyjibiype, a TaKjKe 4>0HeinqecKHe Be*iepa, nporpaMMa KOiopbix BKJiioqaeT TaKHe 3jieMeHTW} KaK 4>0HetH»iecKaH BHKTOpHHa h (JjoHeiH-
qeCKHH KOHKypC, Öeceflbl H paCCKa3bI O pyCCKOM H pOflHOM H3bIKaX
CTyfleHTOB-MHocTpaHueB pa3Hbix HauHOHajibHOCTeň, npocJiyiiiHBaHHe h HcnojiHeHHe neceH Ha pyccKOM h ponHOM H3biKax.
Ha KOppeKTHpoBOHHoň cianHH pa6oTbi Han, npoH3HOineHHeM nona-na MaiepnaJia MoaceT npOBOflHTbca b cHcreMe, *rro hcbo3mo5kho Ha Ha-qajibHOM 3Tane oöy^eHHH b cnny neňcrBHÄ npHHUHna „ohhoh TpynHO-cth". Korna npOH3HOCHTejibHbie HaBbiKH aBTOMaTH3HpoBaHbi h nepeuiJiH b aKueHT, (J)OHeTHtiecKyK> TpynHocTb npencTaBJíHeT jmnib tot 3JieMeHT, KOTOpbiň HBjífleTca o6i>eKTOM KoppeKTHpoBku, a ocTajibHbie peajiH3y-
K)TCH npaKTHHeCKH   SeCKOHTpOJIbHO H n03TOMy 6e3 HanpíDKCHHH. 3to
no3BOJiHeT npHBJíeKaTb b uejiÄX TpeHHpOBKH HeoQxoflHMoe kojih-necTBo np0H3H0CHTejibHbix Monejieö, conepacaniHxcH b pa3Hoo6pa3-
HblX JieKCHMeCKHX eAHHHUaX, He3aBHCHMO OT HX (J)OHeTHHeCKOrO H3-
nojiHemifl. HanpHMep, b ypOKe N°l rjiacHbie 3ByKH  [a, o, y, bi] no-
naiOTCH   B COHeTaHHH CO BCeMH TBepflbIMH COmaCHblMH, OflHaKO BHH-
MaHHe oÖyqaiomHxca HanpaBjíeHO Ha apTHKyjiHHHio TOJibKo rjracHbix. B cjiynaKx >Ke 3aTpyflHeHHfl npoH3HouieHHíi comacHbix (HanpHMep, [c—3, p, n, m, >k] ) nonyxHo KOppeKTHpyioTCH h ohh, ho He OTpaÔaibi-BaioTCH, T3K KaK 3TO ÔyneT npoH3BOflHTbCK b nocnenyioiinix ypoKax. OaKTbl TaKOH KOppeKTHpOBKH ÖeCCJieflHO He npoxonjrr, OHH HaKaruiH-BawTCH b TaKOH cTeneHH, *rro k cneuHajibHOMy ypoKy, KoraanpoBo-nHTCfl roiaHOMepnafl oTpaôonca TaicHx 3ByK0Bbix HBJíeHHÍí, Te hjih
8
HHbie tftpTU SKIieHta, CBH3aHHbie C íjaHHMMH 4)0HerHqeCKHMH 3JÍěMeH-
TaMH, npencTaioT b „pacuiaiaHHOM" BHfle h CHHMan> hx y^ce jierqe. BMecTe c iervi cymeciByioT onpeaeneHHbie npeaejiw TaKoro Hacjian-BaHHH TpyAHocTeö: HanpHMep, b ypoKH N° 1, 2,3 noqxH He bKJiio^aioTCfl CJIOBa C  MflFKHMH cornacHbiMH.
flaHHoe npaKTHMecKoe nocoťäie, k ax y»ce 6buio cKa3aHo Bbime, npeflHa3HaqeHo ana ooyqemm npoH3HoiueHHio ynaiuHxcfi pa3Hbix Ha-UHaHajibHocTeň. TäicaH opHeHTanHH B03MoacHa npH oTÖope Maiepnajia, c OAHOH cTopoHbi, c onopoň Ha qboHeTHHecicyio CHCTeMy pyccKoro H3biKa — yHH(J)HiiHpoBaHHO flu« BenrpoB, hemhôb, Öojirap, nojiíiKOB, qexoB, cJioBaxoB h, c apyroö cTopoHbi, — c yneTOM (jKmeTHqecKofi HHTep4>epeHUHH b pew ynamHxcH.
I. OBYHEHHE 3ByKOynOTPEEJlEHMK>
OÖyqeHHe 3ByKoynoTpe6neHHio npoBoaHTCH c yqeTOM poaHoro H3biKa ynamHxcÄ h npoxonjiT asyMH Koraj,eHTpaMH. C nepBoro no mecTOH ypoK npeacTaBJieH o6ihhh ann Bcex HauHaHajibHociefi (jxme-THqecKHH MaiepHaji Ha 6a3e <|)OHeiHqecKOH CHCTeMw pyccKoro H3biKa: 1) rnacHbie 3ByKH [a, o, y, bi] non, ynapeHHeivi; 2) pHTMHKa pyccKO-ro cnoBa, npoH3HomeHHe 6e3yaapHbix rnacHbix, peayKUHH rnacHbix [a, o, e]; 3) 3bohkhc h myxHe cornacHbie; 4) MHnoie h roepawe cornacHbie; 3ByKH [h', a', t'] ; 5) 3ByK jj] (oôiaaa xapaKTepHcra-Ka); 6) OTKpbiTbiH h 3aKpMTbiö [e].
3ia qacTb nocoÖHH npeacTaBjiHeT co6oň bbonno-(J)OHethmgckhh Kypc. Ero 3a^aqa — BBecra ywuHxcfl b (J)OHeTHqecKyw CHCTeMy pyccKoro H3biKa. Ecjih cTyaeHTbi M3ynajiH pyccKHH h3HK y ce6n Ha poflHHe b paMKax HauHaHajibHoä cpeaneň hikojim, to ale ôyaeT ana hhx noBTOpeHHeM. Ecjih >Ke yqauntecÄ HaxonjrrcH Ha naqajibHOM 3Tane oÖyqeHHH, to nočné TaKoro BBeaeHHíi ohh CMoryT onepHpoBaib KOMnjieKCHbiM MaTepHajioM Ko BceM nocneayioiuHM ypoKaM.
C cenbMoro no aeBHTHaauaTbiH ypoK coaep*HTCH Maiepnaji no oTflejibHbiM 3ByKaM, npeacTaBnaioinHM HaHobjíbiiryío TpynHocTb ajih noaaBJíjnowero 6oJibuiHHCTBa yqannixcfl. Hapnay co 3ByKaMH OTpaôa-TbiBaeTCH npoH3HoiueHHe OTaejibHbix 3ByKOcoieTaHHH h rpynn cornac-
HblX.
B ypoKe N° 1 npoBOpjiTCH oipaooTKa npOH3HonieHHH rnacHbix [ a, o, y, bi] noa yaapeHHeM. OöpainaeTCH BHHMaHHe Ha to, mto b pyccKOM Ä3biKe Bee rnacHbie npoH3H0CHTCfl iuraBHO. J\jm Bcex yqaiuHxcfl Ba^KHo noKa3aTb, hto yaapHbie rjiacHwe npoH3HOCHTCH anHTejibHo, „npoTJDK-ho" (ocoÔeHHo BaacHo sto noaqepKHyTb 6onrapaM). BMecTe c TeM b pyccKOM H3biKe OTcyTCTByeT (^oHonorHHecKH 3HaqHMan KaTeropna flOJiroTbi h KpaTKocTH rjiacHbix, KäK, HanpHMep, b qemcKOM, HeMen-
KOM, BeHrepCKOM H3bIKaX.
9
npH oipaÖOTKe npOH3HoineHHH nraCHBrx [o, y] cnenyeT oSpainaTb BHHMaHHe Ha Hx Bbipa>KeHHyK) jiaoHajiH3aijHio h HeonHoponHOCTb 3ByKa [o], npoH3HocamerocH c HaqaribHbiM npH3ByKOM [y].
HaHÖojibiuyro TpyřmocTb aíiä Bcex yMaiHHXCÄ npeflCTaBjiHeT 3ByK
[bi] , OTCyTCTByroiHHH B CHCTÔMč TJiaCHblX HX fl3bIKOB. HeOÔXOKHMO
noKa3aTb h no3HUHOHHyio o6ycjiOBjieHHocTb [hi], KOTopbiň npoHSHo-chtch b cnoBax, HaiHHaiomHxcfl rnacHbiM [h] , ecJiH nepen, hhm ecib cJiyaceÖHbie (a npn OTcyTCTBHH nay3 b peneBOM noTOKe h 3HaMeHaiejib-Hbie) cJioBa, OKaHHHBaioiHHecH TBepnbiM cornacHbiM: C MeanoM, dOM Heam, Opar uder Hi.fl.
OöpamaeTCH BHHMamie Ha HamuMe b pyccKOM H3biKe OTKpbrroro [e] (3xo, no3T, t6ht, rypne) h 3aKpbiToro [e] (exaji, re«b). 3totao-BonbHO cjioxcHbiH MaTepHaji CBH3biBaeTca c TCMOH „MsrKHe cornac-Hbie", h6o 3aKpbiTbiň [e] He mojkct HHa^e paccMaTpHBaTbCH, k3K b co-MeiaHHH c MflrKHMH cornacHMMH, naßan» >Ke oncpbiTbin [e] (ÖyKBbi e h 3) b coqeTaHHH c TBepnbiMH (b oTpbiBe OT 3aKpwToro [e]) He npefl-CTaBjíaeTCH uejiecoo6pa3HbiM.
OTpa6oTKa npoH3HouieHHH 6e3yaapHbix macHwx [a, o, e, m] pac-CMaTpHbaetch b pa3Aene „OSy^emie yAapeHHio".
B ypoKe N°3 coflep^oiTCH MaTepnaji no TeMe „3BOHKHe h rnyxHe cornacHbie". yiamHMCH BaacHo noKa3aTb CMbicnopa3JiHqHTejibHyro ponb 3BOHKOCTH h rnyxocTH: 60Ü - noü, 3J10Ü ~ CAOÜ vi t. a. 3to OCOÔeHHO Ba^cHo Ann npeACTaBHTejieö Tex HauHOHajibHocteň, b a3biKe KOTopwx OTcyTCTByeT 3to (})OHOjTorHHecK0e HBnemie hjih hmciotch pa3nHHHH B HHBeHiape 3ByKO-6yKBeHHbix BwpaaceHHii, peajiH3yiomHx napw 3By-KOB. HanpHMep,b HeMeu,KOMH3WKe cnoBa essen, der Gast h sagen, die Rose npoH3H0CHTCH c ppyMK 3ByKaMH: b nepBOM cny^iae [s] h bo BTOpOM — [z], a ajih o6o3HaqeHHH sthx 3ByK0B ynoTpe&iíieTCfl o Ana 6yKBa s. HecjiynaHHo, mto hcmum He pa3mmaioT 3b/kh [3] h [c] b
pyCCKOM H3bIKe. B HeMeiIKOM H3bIKe 3ByKH [XCVUI] npaKTHHeCKH CJIH-
BaioTCH b oahh — [m], no3TOMy HeMeinoie yqaruHecH He pasjíH^aioT pyccKHX map - Map, utuží - jku/i, a Taiojce hmcmtch TeHAeHUHH He-pa3jiHMeHHH [b — 4>]: [4>]or bmccto eor, da\$\ho bmccto daeno h t. A- B HeKOTopwx íobiicax (HanpHMep, b b eHre pcK o m) OTcyTCTByeT orAyuieHHe comacHbix b aöcojiwTHOM KOHue cnoBa (mm/ioö, cad). 3th HBjíeHHH nepeHocflTCRB cHjiy HHTep^epeHUHH.
B cnaBHHCKHx H3biKax HMeioTCH no3HuHOHHbie OTJiHHHa no cpaB-
HeHHK) C pyCCKHM B CHCTeMe rJiyXOCTb-3BOHKOCTb, HanpHMep, HELFIHIHe
nporpeccHBHoô accHMHJiHumí b nojibCKOM H3biKe h OTCioAa Tanne Hep-Tw aicueHTa y nojíHKOB kuk Mock [$]a, t[dp]ou. npoH3HonieHHe npe-Anora b K3K [4>] nepeA rnacHbiMH h coHopHbiMH cornacHWMH Ha6nio-AaeTCH b ĎonrapcKOM h toluckom iObiicax, hto o6ycjioBjinBaeT TaKHe nepTbi aKiíeHTa, KaK [<|>] Jiecy, [4>] okho. npoH3HOineHHe b hckoto-pbix no3HUHHx npeAJiora c Kax [3] b ôarirapcKOM h nonbCKOM H3biKax
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nepeHocHTCÄ h b pyccKHÜ, BCJieAciBHe Hero — aKiiem: [3] eoMu, [3] BuKTopoM, a TaKHce npoH3HomeHHe b* flnajieKTax obnrapcKoro a3biica npeanora otkžik [oa] nepeA [b] , cohophbimm m rnacHHMH h OTCioaa— OTKJiOHeHHH rana [oa] Bepu, [oa] Ahhm, [oa] neao- h t. a.
Bo Bcex H3biKax OTcyiCTByeT o3BOHqemie corjiacHbix, rana [3] de-jiaji, npo[3]6a (cdenan, npocbôa), BCJieACTBHe nero yqaiuHecfl c Tpy-
AOM OBJíafleBaiOT 3THM npOH3HOCHTeJIbHbIM HaBblKOM.
CneAyeT UMeib b BHAy, hto apTHKyjiHHHOHHo myxHe cornacHbie [n, t, k] b pyccKOM h HeMeuKOM H3biKax pa3nHqawTCH: b HeivieuKOM
[p, t, k]     npOH3HOCHTCH C  npHAblXaHHCM (O npOH3HOIXI6HHH ApyTHX
cornacHbix b He 3aBHCHMOCTH OT KaTeropHH rnyxocTH-3BOHKOCTH 6y-AeT roBopHTCfl oco60 — b COOTB6TCTBMH c Hx OTpaSoTKOH no ypOKaM) .
ypOK BKjnoqaeT o6t>hchhtcjilhleh MaTepHaji: a) CHCTeivia 3boh-KHx-rjiyxHx corjiacHbix b pyccKOM H3biKe, 6) omyineHHe h o3BOHqenHe cornacHbix. Hjih. oipaöoTKH npoH3HomeHHH c yneTOM ponHoro H3biKa yqaiAHxcH BbiAenjnoTCH cneAyioiHHe cjiyqan:
1. Pa3nHqeHHe coraacHMx [6-n, 3-c} a-t, b-$] (60Ü — noü, 3/10Ü -caoü, doM —tom, 8ä3a —eßa3ü) .
2. Ornyiueroie 3B0hkhx corjiacHbix b aôcojwoTHOM KöHue cjioBa (cad, 2/IÜ3, dpye, rmoe, 3yď).
3. OrnyiueHHe 3Bohkhx comacHbix b cepeAHHe cjioBa {aoôku, TpyÔKa, Tpaexa, cKa3Ka, nezKÓ).
4. CteBOHqeHHe corjiacHbix {cdenKa, npocbôa).
npHMepbi Ha pa3nHqeHHe 3ByK0B [ac-iu] He BKJiioqeHbi b ypoK b CBH3H c xeM, TTO 3TOT MaTepHaji coAep^KHTca b ypoKe N°10 h npopaöa-TbiBaeTCH BceMH yqamHMHCH . Oiuh6kh HeivmeB -mna [ni]a/ít> BMecVo [»c]íMb, ho[yft] BMecTO ho [ui], Kpy[x]Ka. BMecTO xpy [iHKb], ôpy [ni]č>a BMecTO dpy[7k]6a HcnpaBjíÄioTCH b HHAHBHAyaJibHOM no-pflAKe (mo>kho Hcnojib30BaTb Ann sToro Maiepnaji ypoKa N°10).
HaHobnbuieň TpyAHocibio pjih. yramHXCH Bcex HanHOHanbHocTeň HBjíÄeTca oBjíaAeHHe chctcmoh MÄTKHx-TBepAbix comacHbix. 3to npo-hcxoaht b cHjiy pa3JiHqHH 4>OHeraqecKHX chctcm pyccKoro h Apyrnx
H3MKOB.
XapaKTepHoň ocoÖeHHocTbio 4>0HeiH»iecK0H chctcmm pyccKoro
H3bIKa ÍIBJIHeTCH MHTKOCTb   COľJiaCHblX  B   a6cOJlK>THOM KOHHe CJIOBa
(Man, KOHb) h nepeA comacHMMH (eo/ibwau, ôpaTbx, eocTb). ,D,a»ce b po acts eHHbix cnaBHHCKHX H3biKax (ôonrapcKOM, nojibCKOM, nem-CKOM, cnoBaqKOM) b 3THX no3HUHHX OTcyTCTByeT TaKaH KaieropHH mätkocth corjiacHbix, HanpHMep, b ôonrapcKOM: padocr, ckojiko, 6ojimw\ b nojibCKOin: krew (Kpoeb), cel fite/ibj, Polka (nojibKa).
B ôonrapcKOM h nonbCKOM H3bncax cornacHbie CMflníaioTCH nepeA rjiacHbiMH HenepeAHero h nepeAHero pHAa, (HanpHMep: Ôhji, psina, zbo/i, jiwK — b ÔonrapcKOM; miasto, wiara, wiosna, biurko — b nojib-ckom) . TaKHM o6pa30M, npoH3HomeHHe mhoehx cMHr^eHHbix cornac-
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Rbix, HaxoAflmKxcff b no3HUHHx nepen. macHbiMH b pyccKOM H3bnce, flocryímo y^aiuHMCfl 3thx HauHOHanbHocTeň (HanpHMep, TaKHe cnoBa KaK Biím, nun, cwia, 3ii.\ta, 3hümsi, mhco) 1. OnHaico He Bee cornacHbie SojirapcKoro h nonbCKoro H3biKOB b yxaaaHHOH iio3Muhh npoH3HOCHT-CH HfleHTHífflo c pyccKHMH. HanpHMep, 6ojirapCKHe [h'} a', t\ n'] npo-H3HOCHTCH npH anHKanbHoň apraKyjiHinni, b to BpeMH KaK pyccKHe
3ByTCM-C nOpcajTbHOH. riojIbCKHe [ť,   ď]  apTHKyjIHpyroTCfl C HpKHM
4>pHKaTHBHbiM 3JI6M6HTOM, npHnaiomHM 3THM 3ByKaM xapaKTep flpy-rHx 4>OHeM: [ť] KaK [n*] h [ď] KaK [«'3'] (HanpHMep, b cjiOBax diuna, tiul). TaKoe npoH3HouieHHe BcneflCTBHe HHxep4>epeHnHH nepeHocHTCH h b pyccKHň h3mk (min noriHKOB xapaicrepHo npoH3He-ceHHe reub KaK [ ir*] em, dem KaK [ «'3'] em h t. r.) .
M3 Bcex cnaBHHCKHx HauHOHajibHOCTeii HaHoonbiirae TpynHocrH npH oBnaneHHH chctcmoh mhtkhx corjiacHwx HcrrbiTbraaioT qexH h cjiOBaKH, T2.k KaK b leuiCKOM H3biKe HMeeTCH TOJibKO ipH napbi TBep-nbix h mhtkhx cornacHbix: [n-n', d-d', t-ť] . OcranbHbie cornacHbie-TBepnbie (3a HCKjno^eHHeM umnAinHx 3ByKOB, a TaioKe [c, j, r]). Xar^KTepHOH qepTOH qeiucKoro aKiieHTa HBjiaeTCA npoH3HeceHHe [j] b coieiaHHHX cornacHbix c nracHUM- [ě], HanpHMep, [Mjejcro BMecro [M'e]cro, [bjok] BMecro [b'ck] h t. n,., wo TaiOKe oČŕbHCHHeTCH hh-Tep4>epeHUHeň: b lemcKOM H3bnce co^eTamiH corjiacHbix c [e] (hoth-pOBaHHbiň e) npOH3HOCHTCH c ňoiaimeň: be, me, ne KaK [bje, mje, nje].
Ba>KH0 yMHTbiBaTb, *rro b BeHrepcKOM H3MKe, laK ace, KaK h b He-MeuKOM, OTcyTCTByex CHcreMa najiaTajiH3auHH, ho b BeHrepcKOM, TaK xce, KaK h b qeiHCKOM, BbinenneTCH TpH napw cornacHbix no mhtkocth-TBepflocTH: [n-n*, d-d', t-ť] .
B uejiOM ace npOH3HoiiieHHe cornacHbix nepefl nepenmiMH rnacHbi-MH bo Bcex eBponeücKHx iObncax peanH3yeTCH co cpejiHeH creneHbio
MHTKOCTH (HCKJIKWaH nOJIbCKHH H3Mk) , CJienOBaTejIbHO, OTJIHHaeTCH OT
pyccKoro npOH3HomeHHH h no apTHKyjiHUHOHHbiM npH3HaKaM'. cmíb-Han najiaTajiH3auHH cornacHbix b pyccKOM jobiKe oöycnoBJieHa bwco-khm noiTbeMOM cpejmeo qacTH cithhkh H3WKa k BepxHeMy He6y.
TeMa „MflTKHe h TBepnbie cornacHwe" npencTaBjieHa TpeMH ypo-K3MH BBonHOH M3CTH nocoÖHH (ypoKH N°N° 4, 5, 6). B nooienyioiuHX ypoKax MHTKocTb corjiacHbix oipaöaTbiBaeTCH no Mepe npoxo>KneHHH
TeX HJTH HHblX 3ByKOB. B ypOKe N° 14 paCCMaTpHBaeTCH aCCHMHJIHTHB-HSLH MHTKOCTb COrJiaCHbIX.
ACCHMHJIHTHBHaH MHTKOCTb COTJiaCHblX HC BJIKHeT Ha CMbICJI0pa3-
jureeHHe (cTeneHb, xciam, necnx, kohhuk), h nosTOMy MaTepnaji no stoh xeMe OTHeceH k HHcny iiocneflHHX (ypoK N° 14). B cbh3h c TeM,
qTO HBJieHHH aCCHMHJIHTHBHOŽ MHTKOCTH npaKTHMeCKH OTCyTCTByWT B
1 QieayeT yqHTtiBaib, mto b ÖojirapcKOM »3biKe CMflrqeHHe nepen, \ 6a-Baei rjiaBHbiM o6pa30M b BocTOHHO-ÖonrapcKOM njianeKTe.
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yKa3aHHbrx H3MKax, Marepnan no 3TOMy ^oHenreecKOMy acneKTy nojmeH oTpaöaTbmaTbCH yHH^HUHpoBaHHO co bccmh y^aiuHMHCH. B ypoKe npennaraioTCH nerape ocHOBHbie HanpaBJiemiH paöoTbi: 1) co-rnacHbie [3, c] nepen MflrKHMH 3y6m>iMH [h', t1, a'] ; 2) cornacHbiH [h] nepen, matkhmh 3y6HwMH [h', t\ h'] ; 3) cornacHbiH [h] nepen MÄTKHMH [h', hi*] ; 4) comacHbie [t, n] nepen [h'] .
B ypoKe N° 4 naexcH oGman xapaKTe pHCTMKa KareropHH mhtkocth-
TBepffOCTH B pyCCKOM H3bIKe (c TOHKH 3peHHH CMCTCMbl H apTHKynfl-
uhh). JJjifi paÖOTbi HaA npoH3HomeHHem npennaraioTCH no3nuHn a6-oojiioTHoro Komia cJióBa (nyTb), nono^cemw nepen cornacHWM (tojib* ko b 03HaK0MHiejibH0M iuiaHe — mtoÖm noKa3an> cMbicjiopa3ioreH-TejibHyio ponb mhtkocth: Oohkü - oaubKa) h nepenHenepenHHMH mac-HbiMH [a, y] (dxdx, Těm, chhji, nxTb, 6wpo). OinenbHo bmacjihiotch 3ByKH [h', A', ť] H OÖ30pHO — [c', 3', 6', n', b', 4>\ m'] .
IIpH xapaiaepHCTHKe 3aKpbiroro [e] b Havane cnoBa, nocne rnac-Hwx h b ynapHbix oKomaHHHx nocne [j] (eaiu, noexa/i, e ceMbé) bo-3HHKaeT HeoôxoAHMocTb oôpameHHH k 3ByKy [j ] • IJejib ypoKa — 3Ha-KOMCTBO co 3ByK0M h yMeHHe npoH3HOCHTb ero B COHeTaHHH c [e].
B ypoKe N° 7 AaeTca aprHKyjiauHH h rpa4>H*iecKoe oôbsHaweHHe 3Byxa [j] . OTpaöoTKa npoH3HoiueHHfl stoto 3ByKa Bicmo^eHa b oahh H3 nepBwx ypoKOB HecnynaňHo: xoth apTHKynhjíhohho 3tot 3B>tk h 3HaKOM y^amHMCH h3 poAHoro Jöbnca, TeM He MeHee ero peanroainiH b noTOKe pe^H Bbi3broaeT TpynHOCTH b cbh3h c TeM, mto b pjm,e <$>o-HeTHMecKHx no3HuHH 3ByK [j] He ynoTpeôjiaeTCfl b yKa3aHHbix h3m-Kax, b MacTHOCTH: nocne cornacHbix (crarbn, mw, eben, nodhěMJ, mok-ny rnacHMMH (noža, nowr), b aÔconioTHOM KOHne cnoBa (moü, reoü, daü). B stoh CBH3H y y»cuiníxcH HaôJHonaercH xapaKTepHbiň aKnem: OHM HJIH He npOH3HOCHT 3ByKa [j] b yKa3aHHbix nonoMceHHHX (HanpH-Mep, [c'en] BMecxo [c'jeji], [noén] BMecro [nAján], hjth 3aMeHínoT ero ApyrHM 3ByKOM (HanpHMep, [moh] b moct o [moř], [Aaií] BMecro [naň] h i, fl,), y^aiiniMCH BajKHO noKa3arb HeoôxoAHMocrb npa-BHJibHoň apTHKyjiHUHH [j] bo H36e>KaHHe HapyíiieHHH 3HaqeHHfl cjiob: reoü - reoü, ceou - c60ü, Kojix — KOJibx, cen — eben, zocm - zocrbsi.
OTpaôbTKa 3ByKa [j] Hepa3pbrBHO CBH3aHa c npoH3HomeHHeM mhtkhx cornacHbix, TaK <no b ypoKe N° 7 3aKpemijnoTch (J)OHeTHMec-KHe HaBbiKH najiaTajiH3auHH cornacHbix nepen Ül > nony^eHHbie b npe-AbinymHx ypoKax,
IIpH paöoie Han apTHKynnuneň 3ByKa [j] oGpamaeTCH BHHMaHHe na ero nanaiajibHocxb, HCKomryio MHTKOCTb, oôcnynoBjíeHHyio nonb-e mom cpeAHeň *öcth H3bnca k BepxHeiviy HS6y. B otjihhhh ot poncrBen-Horo 3Byica [h], [j] — sto cornacHbrii 3ByK, meneBoň, coHopHWH. B 6e3ynapHbix cnoBax apTHKynHpyeTCH 6e3 Hanpn>KeHHH, cnoKOÜHO, KpaTKO (cp.: ÁMa - smeäpb, mow - mow, a TaKJKe mou — moü, reoá -reoü).
13
J5jin Bcex y^aiifflxcH-MHOCTpaHueB oqem> Tpynm>iM 3ByKOM hbjtä-eiCÄ [jiJ h ero MHricaH napa [ji'] , H3 Bcex Ha3BaHHbix h3bikob tojilko
B  ÔOJirapCKOM H3bIKe  3BJTC   [jl]   MOÄeT 6bITb TBepítblM H MHTKHM
(HanpHMep: Kpwiar, xpecao, nyna, me (nee) u k/iioko (cnneTm), kjiwh, uznuKQ. (npuMyna), ua/iueaM (nanuGaTb), naMa/in-eaM (yMeHbwaTbcx). Bo Bcex apyrax H3WKax (HeMeuxoM, BeHrepc-kom, qemcKOM, nojibCKOM) 3ByK [ji] npencTaBneH b onHOM BapnaH-Te, peanH3yeMOM b cpenHež creneHH matkocth onMHaKOBo, bo Bcex (^OHeTHMecKHX no3HiniHX. 3to TaK Ha3bmaeMbiň cpejjHeeBponeň-ckhh [ji], TIoa BjiHHHMeM ponnoro H3biKa y^ainMecfl He pa3JiHqawT
TBepflOrO H MHTKOro  [jl] B pyCCKOM JOblKe H npOH3HOCHT OHHHaKOBO
ziyK h juok, no/iKa h nonbica, moji h Mo/ib h. t. a., TaKHM o6pa30M, HonycKaH He TOJibKo oiuhôkh b npoH3HomeHHH, ho h HCKaacemie cmmc-na cjiob. IlpoH3HO]iieHHe 3Byica [ji] HMeei npriojiHHTejibHbie rpyíniocm fljiH nonbCKHx y^ainHxcH b cbh3h c TeM, wo b nonbCKOM Ä3biKe Hapany c „oÔbiHHHM" cpenHeeBponeôcKHM [1] (HanpHMep, telefón, Helena) HMeeiCÄ 3ByK [ \ ] 6njia6HaribHHH (HanpHMep, masto, sfucham). non, BJiHHHHeM ponHoro H3biKa yqanniecH HepenKO npnycKaioT ycToň-HHBbie ouihGkh rana cxa3a [b] , OKa3a [b] ch, doôu [b] ch.
B yneGHbix uejiax onHHaKOBo Ba^cna nociaHOBKa npoH3HomeHHH KaK [ji] , TaK h [n']. B ypoice N° 8 npoBonjrrcfl oTpaôOTKa npoH3Home-hhh [ji] TBepfloro. JJjui npaBHnbHoň apTHKynmnffi [n] oMem. Baxaio o6paTHTb BHHMaHHe Ha HanpA^ceHHOCTb Ä3biKa, ocoôeHHo b ero 3anHeii
HaCTH (KOpeHb H3bIKa) . KOOTHK H3bIKa HeOÔXOflHMO 3a4>HKCHp0B3Tb y
BepxHHX 3y6oB (mohcho Ha nepswx nopax npHoenryTb k yTpHpoBaH-HbiM sneMeHTaM apTHKyjiKUHH, 3a?KHMafl kohhhk H3HKa Momry Bepx-
HHMH H HPDKHHMH nepeflHHMH 3y6aMH) .
y^HTLiBan TpyjJHocn> ynpaBJíeHHH apTHKy.iHimeM 3ByKa [ji] (Ha-npffiKeHHe KOpHH H3biKa h BomyTOCTb ero cpenHeň nacra hbjihiotch HeomyTHMbiMH MOMeHTaMH), b ynpaacHeHHflx npeacTaBneH Maiepnan Ha onpenejieHHyio cmeTaeMocrb 3ByKOB ([n] + 3ajjHefl3biqnbie cornao Hbie Hjffl [n] + rnacHbie [y, o] h t. n..). Hapany c TpeHHpoBKoij Ha npH-Mepe H30JiHpoBaHHbix cnoB, b ypoKe naeTCH pHfl cbh3Hmx tckctob h
OTpblBKOB H3 CTHXOTBOpeHHH, rne CJIOBa CO 3ByKOM [jl] npOH3HOCHT-Cfl B pa3H006pa3HMX KOHTeKCTyaJIbHblX yCJIOBHHX. t
B ypoKe N° 9 0Tpa6aTbmaeTCff 3ByK [jť], apTHKynsuHH KOToporo TpynHa nna aÔconioTHoro 60JibiHHHctba y^amHXCH-HHocTpaHiieD h naíKe nnn ôojirap, Tax KaK obnrapcKHH [n'] oum^eTca or pyccKoro aprH-KyjiHUHOHHo (b oojirapcKOM — anHKanbHafl apíHKyJimníH). Mojkho cKa3aTb, hto H3 Bcex yHamHxcfl b HaHôojiee SnaronpHflTHbix ycJioBHsx HaxoaaTca nonaKH, TaK KaK y hhx HMeeTCH HaBbiK npoH3HOiueHH>i M^rKoro [ji] : b nonbCKOM H3biKe b oahoh no3HUHH ynoTpeÔJiHeT-
ch [ z'], a HMeHHO — b coqeTaHHH c [ i], HanpHMep, ulica, list, stolica, bibliotéka, byli, stulchali h t, n. 3tot 4>o He mne ckhh HaBbiK HBnaeT-
14
en BcnoMoraTeribHMM cpencTBOM äjih ÖBnaneHHH itojti>ckhmh yqamji-
MHCH pyCCKHM   [jť] B pa3HbIX n03HUHHX. KaKOBbI 7kq 3TH n03HIIHH?
— IlepeA macHbiMH {Jlem, Jluda, Jinda, Jlěnn, JIhjiá) ;
— B a6conioTHOM KOHue cnoBa (co/ib, uenb);
— nepejj; cornacHbiMH {eo/ibubiü, CKO/ibKo, Kpbuibee). YnpaxcHeHHÄ ypoica coflepaoT Maiepnaji, pacnojiOHceHHbin b yKa-
3aHHOH Bbiiue nocxieflOBaTenbHocTH. Oco6oe BHHMaHHe yaejineTCH CMbiüiopa3ninMTejibHOH pojiH MfirKocra-TBepnocTH: dan — danb, yzon —yzojiby noJiKa - noabKa, cryna -cry/ibH.
Oahhm H3 Ba»Hbix pa3flejioB pyccKofi (J)OHeiHKH HBjiaeTCH npo-
H3HOIU6HH6 lUHnHIlfllX 3ByKOB [>K, III, Iii', h] . IllunHlUHe 3ByKH H Me WICH B Ha3BaHHbIX H3bIKax, HO a6COJIK>THOe HX OOJIblllHHCTBO OTJIHiaeTCH
OT pyccKHx apruKyjiHimoHHO. HanpHMep, pyccKHe [jk, w] TBépace ßojirapCKHx, yeiucKHX, BeHrepCKHX (cp. pyccKHe mi3Hb, xcecT, otcap, map, H 6ojir. xaöa, mariKa, uiyM,mteoT, xcena; qeiucK. život, len, žloutek, šachta, íiti, šest; Benr. zsúfol, zsémbes, zsák, sóvar, seta). OthocHTejibHO cxoflHbi pyccKHe [>k, m] c noJibCKííMH zona, kolezan-ka, Warszawa, Puszkin h c HeMeuKHMH der Schaden, die Scham, schlecht
(3ByK    [tk]    B   HeiVieUKOM   H3bIKe   BCTpeqaCTCH   peffKO,   TOJIbKO B
HHocTpaHHbix cJioBax rana Garage). Kaie y^ce roBopnjiocb, HeMem<He ywaiuHecH He pa3jiHwaioT 3ByKOB [tk-ui] b pyccKOM H3MKe. 3to npoHc-
XOflHT B CHJiy HHTep4>epeHUHH: B HX pOflHOM H3blKe 3ByK [jk] npaKTH-
necKH He ynoTpeöJiHeTCH, a npH npoH3HeceHHH HHocTpaHHbix cjiob (Gage) oh peajiHsyeTCH KaK orjiyuieHHbiü [xc]. Kpoivie Toro, b hhijh-BHflyajibHOÜ pew npoHBnaeTCH aKueHT rana [uinopi], [iut]o/Z6 BMec-To enopr, cTOJib: b HeMeu,KOM*H3biKe HaMajibHbie sp, st npoH3HocHTca KaK [um, iiit] {das Spielen, die Straße).
A(J)(})pHKaTa [h'J ,   npOH3HOCHmaHCH   MHrKO   B   pyccKOM H3blKe,
B apyrax H3biKax peajiH3yeTCH b TBepaoM BapnaHTe, HanpHMep, b 6oji-rapcKOM, nojibCKOM, HeMeuKOM H3biKax (cp. pyccKHe tac, vydo, něji-xa, necTb, wem h öojir. wü, nyjua, uoeKa, huct, necro; nojibCK. czamy, wezoraf, czas, leczy, czytam; HeM. deutsch (b HevienKOM h3m-Ke tsch [q] b naqane cnoBa He BCTpeqaeTcn, 3a HCKJiKmeHHeM hckoto-pbix HHocTpaHHbix cjiob rana Tschechi).
B qeuicKOM H BeHrepcKOM H3biKax 3ByK |V] cxoaeH no apxHKyjiH-iiHH c pyccKHM, npH 3TOM B qeuicKOM H3WKe OTnejibHbie 3ByKoco^exa-HHH cornacHbix npOH3HOCHTCH KaK [i'] , B CBH3H c HQM B pe*M ynanmx-
CH npOHBJIHWTCH T3KHe ^epTbl aKHeHTa, KaK [H]aTC/lbHO BMeCTO TtMa-Te/lbHO, Mä [h] BMeCTO MaTH, M/ia bmöcto Msiadutuü H T. n.. (ipe-
6yeTCH cneuHajibHan o6paöoTKa npoH3HomeHHH coqeiaHHH tux, n, um).
3ßyK [llť]  B pyCCKOM H3bIKe npOH3HOCHTCH KaK flOJITHH MHTKHH
iUHnniuHH. 3tot 3ByK OTcyrcTByeT bo Bcex Ha3BüHHbix H3biKax. B pe-w nojibCKHX, 6ojirapcKHx h nemcKHX ynaumxcH HaönioaaeTCH TeHfleH-UHH 5)pa3Jio)KeHHH" 3ByKa [ iü'] Ha 3ByKOCOHeTanHe [ m'q]} HanpHMep,
15
npoH3HomeHHe [ui\]ytca, po[m^]a, [w\]ut (bmcctd ufyxa, poiya,
IHUt) . Y nOJIHKOB 3TO npOHCXOflHT noil, BHHHHHeM pOflHOrO «3bIKa, Tfle
ecTb coqeTaHHe corjiacHbix szcz b poncTBeHHbix cjiebjihckhx cnoBax, HMeioiUHx b pyccKOM H3biKe Ha Mede 3Toro coqeTaHHH 3ByK [hi*] (6yKBa in), HanpHMep, b nojibCKOM: szczyt, jeszcze, puszcza, szczotka — b pyccKOM tyUT, euf'é, nyw,a, mema. AicneHT b peqn oojirap npoflBJiK-excfl TaicHce b 3a\ieHe 3ByKa [uľ] coqeiaHHeM corjiacHbix [urr] (HanpHMep, now[wi]uü, [un]yKa — nowtyitit, 114yKa), hto ABjiaeTCfl cnen-
CTBHeM 3ByKO-6yKBeHHbIX HeCOOTBeTCTBHH b pyccKOM H ÖOJirapCKOM
Ä3biKax (b ôonrapcKOM Ha Mede ÖyKBbi m npn irreHHH npoH3HOCHTca coqeTaHHe [uit] : mar [uiiai], mypM [urrypM].
MHorae yqainnecfl, nony^HBuine npenBapHTejibHyio nonroTOBicy no pyccKOMy H3WKy y ceôn Ha ponHHe, opneHTHpoBanHCb Ha ycTape-Jibrit BapHaHT npoH3HOUiemiH [ňľ] kmc [iiiYl, ito He cooTBeTCTByer coBpeMeHHbiM oömepacnpocTpaHeHHbiM HopMaM pyccKoro jíHTepa-TypHoro H3biKax. He yMen npOH3HecTH cjihtho npa mhtkhx mnnmnHX [mV], yqamHecÄ nonMeHHjiH ero coqeTaraieM [inV] hjih, mo e me xy>Ke [im]. HenpaBHJibHbiň HaBbiK 3aKpennanca, nepexonn b aioieHT, H36aBHTbCfl OT KOToporo BnocjiencTBHH 0Ka3biBaeTCH He TaK-io npocTO.
MaTepnaji no apiHKyjihjjhh corjiacHbix [jk, m, in', q'] npencTaBJieH b Tpex ypoKax (N° 10, 11, 12). KpoMe roro, b ypoKe N° 19 HaBbiKH npoH3HomeHHH 3THX 3ByKOB e me pa3 3aKpennÄWTCH b cbh3h c npo-xoÄAeHHeM TeMbi „PenyKima rjiacHbix nocjie [jk, ni, 11, q\ úľ]". Ta-KHM o6pa30M> paöoTa Han, npoH3HomeHHeM 3thx TpynHbix 3ByKOB
npOBOHHTCH KOHHeHTpHqeCKH.
B ypoKe N° 10 OTpaÖaTbreaioTCfl 3ByKH [>k, hi] , oÖpamaeTCH bhh-Mamie Ha cyinecTBeHHbie MOMeHTbi apraKynarniH: HanpjDKeHHOcTb H3biKa (ero 3a.r1.HeH qacm), nojioxceHHe KOHqHKa jobiKa (oh nonHHT k ajibBeonaM), yqacme ry6 ( ohh BbiflBKHyrw Bnepea). CpenHiw qacTb H3biKa onymeHa bhh3 (b ouaraie ot apTHKyjiHUHH 3thx 3ByK0B b 6oji-rapcKOM, qeuiCKOM, seHrepcKOM Ä3biKax, rne OHa npHnonHHia k Bepx-HeMy H66y, o6ycjiOBjiHBaa TeM caMWM CMameHHe yKa3aHHbix 3ßyKOß),
Hapafly c npoH3HomeHHeM [)k, ni], oTpaöaTbmaioTCH oinejibHbie coqeTaHHH corjiacHbix, b KOTopwx npoH3HOCHTCJi [in], HanpHMep, Taicne KaK Mt h MH (hto, kohbhho) , coqeTaiöie 3U1, ein Ha cTbiKe npenjiora c nocjieayiomHM cjiobom hjih Ha CTbiKe MOpíJwnonmecKHx qacTeň cjiOBa (6e3 xajiocTU, 6e3MU3HeHHbiü, ÖecuiyMHbiü), a TaKxce cnyqan npo-H3HomeHHH [jk'] Ha Mede coqeTaHHH jkjk h 3jk {dpoxxu, no3jtce).
B ypoKe npHBefleHO Öojibuioe KonnMeciBo npHMepoB Ha npoH3Home-HHe [>k, uij   b pa3Hbix ycjioBHHx 3ByKoynoTpe6neHHH (b coqeiaHHH
CO BCeMH rjiaCHbIMH H HeOÖXOnHMbIMH COrnaCHbIMH, B aScOJlIOTHOM
1 Cm.: nanoe M. PyccKM qWHCTHKa. M., 1967,c-329.
16
KOHue cJiOBa, Ha CTbiice cnoß). 06pamae*rcH BHHMaHHe Ha pa3jmqeHHe 3BVKOB [ )k — in], Hx ynoTpe&ieHHe b pa3Hbix rpaMMaraqeckhx <Jx>r> Max, HanpHMep, b npnqacTHHx, npeBoexoflHoň cieneHH npiuiaraTejib-Hbix, b rjiarojiax h t. a. 3aKpeiuieKne HaBbiKa npoH3hoineHHh npoBO-flHTCH Ha cneuHajibHo OTo6paHHOM hjih cocTasneHHOM tckctobom Ma-Tepnajie.
Pa6oTa Haa npoH3HouieHHeM 3ByKa [uť] npoBonHTCH b ypoKe N°ll. 06pamaeTca BHHMaHHe Ha KaqeciBo 3Toro cornacHoro: npjiniH,
MHrKHH, IUHIXHIUHH. Mo)KHO OIMpaTbCH Ha 3ByK  [ill] B pOflHOM H3bIKe
yqamwxcfl (npnnaB eMy npJiroTy h MarKOCTb), HCnojib3ya TaKHe oiny-
THMbie MOMeHTbl apTHKyJIHUHH, k3.K nOJIOHCeHHe KOHqHKa K3hIKa (oh
He noBepHyT k anbBeojiaM, a Bbmmyr k nepenHHM 3y6aM, o6pa3YH c HHMH mejib) h „pacTflaocy" ry6 npn cjierica onymeHHbix hx kohmh-Kax.
B ypoKe aaioTCH cnyqaH npoH3HouieHHa 3ByKa [fiľ] Ha Mede ot-flejibHbix coqeTaHHH cornacHbix, HanpHMep, coqeiaHHfl ch h SR, Ha ctw-Ke KopHH h cy4)(J)HKca -HHK {pasnocnuK, nepeeo3uuK) ; b Haqane cjiob, rn,e npHCTaBKa He BbiaenaeTCH flociaTOHHO hcho (cmcTbe); b öerjiOM CTHJie pemi b omejibHwx cnoBax (MyxotuHa [mylü'hhtj] , ceünac [uľac], menná [Tb'iüTb]). OöpauiaeTCfl BHHMaHHe Ha pasnnqeHHe 3ByK0B [uľ — ui]; H3BecTHO, qro npeflCTaBHTejiH mho nix Haimo HajibHO cien qacTO 3aMeHflK>T 3ByK [uľ] flpyrHM inHnniuHM, HanpHMep [m] h npo-H3H0CHT BMecTO nomada — no [ui]ada, BMecro nofoiuuü - now [iu]uü h t. fl. B uejiax 3aKpenjieHHfl HaBbiKOB npoH3HOweHHH inHnainHx 3By-KOB [ä, ui, úľ], b ypoKe npennaraeTCH psw cbh3hwx tckctob, Hacbi-meHHbix 3THMH (JwHeTHqecKHMH sneMeHiaMH.
TpeHHpoBKa b npoH3HomeHHH acfxfjpHKaTbi [q'] npoBOflHTCfl b ypoKe N°12. 06painaeTCH BHHMaHHe Ha MflncocTb sToro 3ByKa b jik)6oh no3H-
HHH, a  JSLKTKß CJIHTHOCTb apTHKyJIHHHH flSyX 3J1 eMeHTOB   [t' + 111'] .
ÜTpaooTKa npoH3HouienMH [q'] npoBOflHTCfl c onopož Ha ponHoň Ä3WK yqaumxcH, a Taiotce npH nOMonin CKpbiioro ynpaßneHHH apxHKy-nmiHeň, t. e. Hcnojib30BaHHH 3bykob-nomoiuhhkob h ojiaronpHHTHbix WiH mähcocth [q'] no3HUHH. B ypoKe oöpamaeTca BHHMaHHe Ha HajiH-qne b pyccKOM H3biKe 3ByKa [q'] (c aojirHM 3aTBopoM) Ha Mecie coqeiaHHH cornacHbix t*i h m {eernuHa, naxodmeocTb).
B ynpaacHeHHflx 3ByK [q*] npeflCTaBJíeH b coqeiaHHH co BceMH rnacHbiMH, HeoÖxonHMbiMH cornacHbiMH h b Hcxoae cjiob. IIpHBonjiT-CH npHMepbi pacxoÄfleHHH Hanncanna h npoH3HomeHHH h (hto, hto-to h t. fl.). 3aKpeiuieHHe apínkynruhh [q'] npoBonHTCH Ha pa3HOo6pa3-HOM TeKCTOBOM Maiepnane: cthxh, nHanoni Ha 6biTOByio TeMy, blic-Ka3bmaHHH H a4>OpH3MbI, OTpbIBKH H3 xyfloacecTBeHHbix npoH3BefleHHH. B CBH3H C TeM, qTO 3T0T ypOK HBJÍHeTCH 3aBepiUaK)IL(HM TeMy „npOH3-
HO me hm e umnaunix", 3flecb flaioTca KOMnjieKCHbie 3an,aHHa (HanpHMep, oflHOBpeMeHHoe 3aKpenJieHHe ynapeHHa b npHqacmflx h neenpH-
17
qacľHHx, HHTOHHpoBaHHe HK-3 h HK*4 h npoH3HonieHHe [ >k, in, ni\V] -
MaTepHan no npoH3HomeHHK> a<j><J)pHKaTbi [uj npencTaBjieH b ypoKe N°13. 06pamaeTCH bhhMamie Ha raepnocTb [h] He3äBHCHM0 ot
n03HUHH H OT <JX)HeTHHeCKOrO OKpyHCeHHíI B CJTOBe. 3tO Ba>KHO noKa-
3aTb ocoôeHHO yqainHMCH cnaBHHCKHx HauHOHajibHOCTež, KOTOpwe npoH3HocHT 3TOT 3ByK MHTKO nepen, rnacHbiMH nepenHero pHn,a, HanpHMep, b t3khx cjiOBax, ksk i^enbiü, uueunu3aiiusi (ocoÔeHHO b 3aHMCTB0BaHHbix cjiOBax Ha -uhh) .
JJjiH Bcex yqainHXCH Heo6xonHMa TpeHHpOBica b npoH3HouieHHH pana coqeTaHHH corJiacHwx, b KOTOpwx npoH3HOCHTCH [u] HJiH ero BapHaHT — [h] (c nojiniM 3aTBOpOM) : B03BpaTHbie OKOHiaHHH rnaro-noB (yjibiödTbcn, yjibioaercn); coqeTaHHe ic h np Ha CTbiKe Moptjx)-jiorcmecKHx qacTeň cnosa (dercKuü, npedcraeurejib); coqeTaHHe jw b HHCJíHTejibHbix ( deadnaTb, oduHHaduaTb); coneTaHHe flc ksk [u] b KOHue cjiob QKeAe3HoeodcK).
3ßyK    [li]    3KTHBH3HpyeTCH   BO   BCeB03MO)KHbIX  COqeTaHHHX c
rnacHbiMH [a, o, y, e, h, m] , b no3Hin«i aôcojiioTHoro Komia cnoBa, b coqeTaHHHx c cornacHWMH. IIoBTOpHoe 3aKpenneHHe HaBbiKa apTHKy-jiHiTHH [n,] npoBonHTCH b ypoKe N019, rn,e npenJiaraeTCH MaTepnan no penyKUHH rnacHwx 3ByK0B nočné [h] (rana uexoeoü, v^upKynn-i^w^Hap.).
OflHHM H3 TpynHblX 3ByKOB flJIH pHfla HaUHOHaJIbHOCTeH HBnaeTCH
[p] H ero MHTKan napa [p']. Ecjih KBajiH^HUHpoBaTb no CTeneHH Tpya-HOCTH OBJíaaeHHfl, to Ha nepBOe MecTO cnenyeT nocTaBHTb yqamwxca Tex HanHOHajibHOCTeH, b H3biKe KOTOpwx 3TH 3ByKH HMeioT npyryio apTHKyjiíníHH) (nanpHMep, hcmum, qexH, cnoBaicH).
B HeMeitKOM H3biKe noipoKO pacnpocTpaHeHO 3aAHeH3bnmoe npo-H3H0uieHHe [r ], h OBJiaaeHHe pyccKHm nepenHeii3bMHbiM [p] npen-CTaBnaeTCH qpe3BbiiaHHO cjiojkhmm flna jihh HeMenKóň HaimoHajib-hocth. ITpH npoH3HomeHHH   xce [p*] npHOaBjiinoTCH h Apyrae TpyA-
HOCTH, CBH3aHHbie C Heo6xOflHMOCTbK> nOnOJIHHTejIbHOH apTHKyjIHHHH
(noíľbeM cpenneň qacTH cnHHKH H3MKa).
PyccKOMy 3Byxy [p'] (mhtkhh, ApoMcaiuHH, coHopHbrii) b neiii-CKOM H3biKe cooTBeTCTByeT cjiojKHbiíi 3ByK [ž'] (npH orjiymeHHH [r š'] ), HanpHMep: řeka, řepa, tři, kovář UpH paÖOTe Ha« npoH3HO-LueHHCM pyccKoro [p*] c qexaMH ynejiaeTCH BHHMamie chhthio nmnamero 3JieMeHTa, HMeromero Meere npH npoH3HeceHHH nem-CKoro [r].
Hjih yqaiuHxcH Bcex apyrax Hanno HaubHOCTeö ocHOBHyio Tpyn-HOCTb npeACTaßJiHeT npoH3HonieHHe 3ByKa [p'] b CHCTeMe nanaTajiH-3auHH cornacHbix pyccKoro H3biKa, maBHbiM o6pa30M, b no3Himax aScoJiioTHoro Komia cnoBa (nmapb, Cuôupb) h nepen. corjiachwmh (eopbKO, nepbH).
18
MarepHäji no npoH3HouieHHio [p] npeacTaBJieH b ypoke N° 14, a [p'] — b ypOKe N° 15. 06pamaeTcs bhhManne Ha ocoÖchhocth apTHKy-jihiíhh: paöoTa KOHUHKa íi3biKa, ero HanpíiHceHHOcTb, BHÖpauHH y oc-HOBaHHH BepxHHX 3y6oB, ryöbi h 3y6w cjierKa pacKpbiTbi, cnerKa bh-fleH H3MK. flpn [p] cnHHtca H3biKa Bornyia, a npn [p'j nonHATa, npn 3T0M ryöbi pacTJoryTbi, kohhhkh ry6 cnerKa onymeHbi.
B ynpaacHeHHHx na OTpaöOTKy [p] conepacaTCH Bce HeoÖxonHMbie no3HUHH: cOHeTaHHH co BceMH HenepeAHHMH rnacHbiMH (rjiaBHbiM 06-pa30M, b ynapHbix cnorax), b coneTaHHH c HeoÖxonHMbiMH cornacHbi-MH h b a6cojiK)THOM Koreje cnoBa.
Ilpn OTpaÖOTKe 3ByKa [p'] o6pamaeTCH bhhManne Ha apxHKyjiÄ-UHK), npoBOflHTCH onpeAejieHHoe conociaBJieHHe c [p] b apiHKyjiH-ushohhom h CMbicjiopaajiHMHTejibHOM nnaHax.
JJjrn yqauqixcH MHorax Hanno HajibHocTeň onpenejiemibie Tpyn,-hocth conpH>KeHbi c npoH3HonjeHneM pyccKHX 3an.Hefl3bmHbix [r, x]. 3to CBH3aHO, BO-nepBbix, c paammniiMH b apraKynhuhh 3thx 3ByKOB (HanpHMep, b HeMeuKOM, beHrepcKOm, qemcKOM, cnoBanKOM h3m-Kax), BO-BTopbix, — c TpyAHOCTHMH najiaTajnoainiíi [r, x] nepen, [e, m] (njifl Bcex nauHOHajibHocTen) n, B-TpeTbHx, c ocoGchhocthmh coHeiaeMOCTH 3thx 3ByKOB (rana eao, mhzkuu h t. n,.) .
KaqecTBO apinKynnunn 3ByKa [x] b HeMenKOM n BeHrepcKOM
H3bIKaX HHOe, *ieM  B pyCCKOMI TaM 3TOT 3ByK rOpTaHHblH, B TO BpeMfl
KaK b pyccKOM H3biKe — mejieBon, 3an,HeH3biHHbiH (cp.B He Men, kom: haben, Heine, BeHrepcKOM: huz, haza n pyccKOM XaôapoecK, xyrop). EjiHHce k pyccKOMy [x] HeMemaiH 3ByK b laiofx cnoBax, KZKdas Dach (TaK Ha3. „ach —laut "), ho 3tot 3ByK onjiTb-TaKH yBynnpHbui,
a He H3bFIHbIH. ECJIH  B pyCCKOM H3bIKe [x] npOH3HOCHTCH B a6cojiioT-
HOM KOHne cnoBa c othctimboh apra Kyji aim eií {mox, cyx), to b BeH-repcKOM [h]  npOH3HOCHTCJi HeqeTKO (HanpHMep, b cnoBe meh).
3ßyK [r] Bbi3broaeT TpynHOciH y ynaunixcH HS ^exocnoBaKHH, KOTOpbie b cnjiy HHTep(J)epeHnHH npoH3HocaT b pyccKHx cnoBax rana 20/ioc, eopod, zpod He B3pbffiHoň 3Bohkhh 3anH:eH3biHHbiH [r], a (J>pH-
KaiHBHblň rOpTaHHblíí [h] . Ak^HT OCOÔeHHO yCTOHMHB B JieKcnqecKH
HneHTHqHbix   enHHHnax cjiaBHHCKoro nponcxoHcneHHH {zopa, Hoea h flpyrHx). IlocTaHOBKa npoH3HomeHHíi MoaceT npoBonHTbca c onopoň na HeKOTOpbie 3aHMCTBOBaHHbie cnoBa b qemcKOM H3biKe, b KOTopbix npoH3HOCHTCH He [h], a [g], HanpHMep, genitiv, granát.
Pa6oTa Han 3ByKaMH [r, x] npoBonjuTcn b ypoKe N° 16. Ilpn Kop-peKTHpoBKe 3THX comacHbix oÔpamaeTCH BHHMaHHe Ha hx npnpony: 3T0 3anHeH3biMHbie, meneBbie, a He ysynapnbie 3ByKH. Ilpn hx apm-KyjiHHHH   B03nyx   npoxonHT   *iepe3   mejib,   o6pa3yeMyio 3anneö qaCTbH)   H3bIKa   H MHľKHM HéOOM, B TO BpeMH KaK npH ysynapHbix
3ByKax B03«yx npoxonHT nepe3 ropTaHb npn naccHBHOM nojio>KeHHH 3anneH qacra H3bnca. 3ßyK [r] B3pmbhoh, 3ByK [x] meneBoií, uryM-
19
HbiH, npHHCM xapaKTep uiyMa HecKOJibKO hhoh no cp&BHCHHio c [h],
B ypoKe onncaHw ocHOBHbie oco6eHHOCTH b cncTeivie peajiH3ain«i cor-JiacHwx [r, x] b pa3Hbix ycnoBUHx 3ByKoynoTpe6jieHHH, ynpa>KHeHHH nocipoeHbi c yqeTOM KaK ocooeHHocTeň oTpaooTKH apTHKyjimjHH, Tax n ynoTpeÖjieHHH [r, x] b coHeiaHHHx c ApyrHMH 3ByxaMH. OSpama-eiCH BHMMaHHe Ha pasjíHneroie 3ByKOB [r — k] h coHeiaHne [r, x] c [e, h].
y npencTaBHTeneň Bcex HauHOHanbHOCTeň bo3hhk3Ct pan, TpyjjHoc-Teň npH OBJiafleHHH npoH3HomenHeM cjiob, b KOTopwx hmcctch crene-HHe comacHbix 3ByKOB. B ypOKe N° 14 yjKe npoBOflHjiacb oTpaobnca co-macHbix, CMHrqaiomHxcH b pe3ynbTaTe accnmhjijuhíh, mto hbjihgtch
Cneiffl<t)HqeCKOH OCOÖeHHOCTMO pyCCKOň (J>OHeTHHeCKOH CHCTeMbl. HMé-
iotch h apyrae oco6eHHocTH npoH3HoiueHHH rpynn cornacHbix. B ypoKe N° 17 npennaraeTCH cjienyioiHHH Kpyr tcm: HenpoH3HocHMbie cor-nacHbie, ynBoeHHbie cornacHwe, coieTaHHH Hr, hk, ípk, coqeTaHHH co-HopHwx c cornacHbiMH b KOHue cjiob.
M3BeCTHO, MTO B pyCCKOM H3bIKe MHOľO CJI0B,B COCTaBe KOTOpblX
npeoôjianaioT comacHbie, HanpHMep, 6e3MO/iecTeoeaTb, crydeuTKa, ecnbiuiKd, 63dox, 3dpaecTeyü h MHorae apyrae. IIpoH3HoineHHe Ta-KHx enHHHU qpe3BwqaÜHo TpyaHo yqaiuHMCH-HHOCTpaHnaM.
B COBpeMeHHOM pyCCKOM  H3bIKe B nOTOKe 5KHBOM pa3r0B0pH0H
peqH HepenjKO H3 HecKOJibKHx ctohiiíhx pjinpM cornacHbix ohhh He npo-H3H0CHTCH, t. e. HMeeTCH TeHaeranm k ynpomeHHio rpynn cornacHbix, npH stom HOpMbi jíHTepaTypHoro h pa3roBopHoro crajieň pew ne Bceraa cosnaflaioT. TaK, HanpHMep, npHHsxo cwTaTb, «rro npoH3HOiue-HHe CTK, 3AK KaK [cK, 3k] HBJíHeTCH noKa3aTejieM npocTopenHo-pa3-roBopHoro cthjih b cnoBax rana MedanucTKa, muuiuhuctku, noe3ÔKa. CoHeiaHHH HflK h HTK b jihTepaiy pHom H3biKe npoH3H0CHTCH 6e3Bbina-fleHHü corjiacHbix [t] (b cjiobax mna crydenTKa, aôurypueHTKa, acnu-pauTKa)1. Mohcho 6buio 6bi npHBecTH h apyrae npHMepw, cBHaeTejib-CTByiomne o tom, mto b cobpemchhom pyccKOM H3WKe He Bee cnyqaw npoH3HOineHHH rpynn comacHbix mohcho nonBecra non, onpeaeneHHyio, yHH(J)HmipoBaHHyio HopMy. B ypoKe N° 17 OTo6paH Hanöonee cTaôiuib-Hbiň, otctohbiuhhcíi MaTepHaji no npoH3HOuieHHK) Tpex h 6ojiee cor-JiacHbix b cJioBe, a HMeHHo:
KpoMe OTpaöoTKH npoH3HOineHHH b yKasaHHwx coqeiaHHHX, b ypoKe aaeTCH MaTepnan Ha cjiyqaH npoH3HOineHHH rpynn corxiacHbiXB
1 Cm.: Aeanecoe P. H. PyccKoe nmepaTypHoe npoH3HomeHHe. M.f 1968, c. 162; M., 1972, c. 149.
■CTH (U36eCTHblŮ)
-3jm(npa3dHUK) -cm (cnacTfiuQbiÜ) -pnu (cepdue)
-jihu (co/iHiie)
-CTCK (MCtpKCUCTCKUU)
-BCTB (3dpaecTeyu) -hack {zoňsiandcKUu)
20
Hakane cjiob, mna 3dpaßcreyü, crpoüKa, cMex m t. a. 3th npHMepw
paCCUHTaHbl B OCHOBHOM Ha BeHrpOB, TaK KaK B BeHrepCKOM H3bIKe B
He3aHMCTBOBaHHbix JieKCHqecKHx eAHHHuax OTcyTCTByeT cTeneHHe cor-nacHbix b Haqajie cjiob, h BeHrepcKHe yqamHeca hcnwTbißaiot 6onb-uiHe TpyaHocTH b npoH3HouieHHH jjsyx h Sojiee comacHbix b nonq6Hwx cjiob ax pyccKoro H3biKa.
0Tpa6oTKa npoH3hoiuchhh cjiob c ynBoeHHwmh corjiacHbíMH cnoacHa, Bo-nepBbix, b iuiaHe npeonojieroiH HHTep(J)epeHUHH cnaBHH-ckhx H3HKOB, rne OTcyTCTByioT yflBoeHHbie corjiacHbie (HanpHMep, B
ÖOJirapCKOM H nOJIbCKOM, CpaBHHTe: KOMMyHU3M — KOMMyHU37>M —
komunizm). B qeuicKOM H3biice npn HanHcaHHH npyx onjHHaKOBbix corjiacHbix He cymecrayeT npoH3HoineHHa yjjpoeHHbix cornac-Hbix, HanpHMep, oddech [ódech] (cpaBHHTe b pyccKOM: ordbtx [óňbix]),náklonnost [náklonost] (cp. b pyccKOM: HaKsionnocrb [hakji6ht>c't'] ). Ajih yqatuHxcH apynix HaimoHajibHOCTeň npencTaB-jiíieTCH TpyaHbíM 3ByKO -6ykb eHHO e pacxo>KneHHe b nenoM pane cjiy-qaeB, HanpHMep, npoH3HomeHHe Kacca [č], Maccue [č] ( c yjrsoeH-HbiM c), ho: komuccum [c], aepeccux [c] — 6e3 ynßoeHHH. npn OTpa-6*0TKe aaHHoň TeMw oGpamaeTCH BHHMaKHe Ha HajraqHe HeKoropbix 4>o-HeTHHecKHX 3aKOHOMepHocTeň, HanpHMep, npoH3HoiueHHe corjiacHoro c yqeTOM nocmo3huhh hjih npeno3HUHH no othouichhio k ynapeHHK) (Macca, eánna h annapar, mwijiuoh) : nocne ynapeHHH comacHbiň o6biqHO ynsaHBaeTCH b npoH3HomeHHH.
IlpoH3HoiiieHHe coqeiaHHH cornacHbix ht, hk, jpk npenriojiaraeT-CH npoBOflHTb c yqamHMHca Tex HannoHajibHocTeň, b H3biKe KOTOpwx 3TH coqeiaHHH peanH3yioTCa b enHHoň apTHKyjiflUHH (b objírapcKOM 6a\n]Ka bmccto [oamcb], b HeMenKOM danken, springen TaioKe c 3anHeH3biqHbiM coHaHTOM [n]. CoqeTaioíe ípk b HeKOTOpwx íi3biKax (HanpHMep, b SonrapcKOM) npoH3HOCHTCfl b ejmHoň aprakynhjjhh KaK [jyk], HanpHMep, JJj/ceK KaK [flk'eK].
IlpH OTpaÖOTKe npOH3HOUieHHH flaHHbIX COHeTaHHH OCHOBHOe bhhj
MaHHe ynejineTCíi pa3flejibH0H apiriKynauHH corjiacHwx [H-r, h-k, flojc], HanpHMep, 6a[mc]a, fo[Hr]a, rar [nac]«* h t. ji., npn 3tom non-qepKHBaeTca, mto b pyccKOM »3biKe 3ByK [h] b yKa3aHHbix coqeia-hhax npoH3HOCHTca 6e3 HOcoBoro oneHKa h b nepeflHeH3biHHoň (a He 3aAHeH3biqHoň ) apTHKyjiHiníH. Mohcho npoH3HOCHTb cnoBa no cnoro-pa3nejiy: 6an~Ka, koh-Kypc, rad-miK.
COMeTaHHH COHOpHWX C COrjiaCHHMH B KOHIíe CJIOB npOH3HOCHTCH
yqamHMHCH HeKOTopbix cnaBHHCKHx HauHOHajibHocTeň TaK, KaK b hx poflHOM H3biKe. HanpHMep, b 6ojirapcKOM H3biKe b 3thx coMeTaHHHX,
MOKfly COHOpHbIM H UiyMHblM COHiaCHblM npOH3HOCHTCH 3ByK  ["b] l
xad-bp, puTbH, CMUC?>si h t. n,. HepeflKO Ha6jiioAaiotch THnHqHbie otkjio-
HeHHH H B npOH3HOUieHHH     yqaiHHXCfl-HeXOB, B H3bIKe KOTOpbIX co-
HopHbie [p, ji] o6pa3ywT cnor. B cnny HHTep(J)epeHUHH ohhhb pyc-
21
CKOM A3bIKe COqeTaHHfl COHOpHbIX C COrJiaCHblMH npOH3HOCHT C flOnOJI-HHTeJIbHblMH npH3ByKaMH. OcHOBHOe BHHMaHHe npH pa60Te HajJ, 3THMH
coqeiaHHHMH o6painaeTCH Ha caMOCTOHTenbHocTb npOH3HOineHHH cor-nacHbix, 6e3 HajnuMH KaKHx 6w to hh 6buio rnacHbix Me»ny hhmh:
CMO [Tp] , CMbl [dl] , pU [tm] H T. fl.
yqamHMCH oTflejibHbix HaimoHajibHocTeH iio3hidíh 3ByKa [o] nočně MHrKHx cornacHbix HeH3BecTHa h3 poflHoro H3biKa. Echh HeKOTopwe coqeTaHHH (mna Mumop — obnrapcKHň, schon — HeMeuKHň) 3HaK0Mbi b OTnenbHbix cnyqaíix, to ameianHe [jo] b Haqane cnoBa (eiiKä) h nočně rnacHbix (noer) nna Bcex ynauiHxcn HBnaeTCH HeH3B ecTHMM h Tpyn-HbiM sneMeHTOM (3a HcioiKmeHHeM ôojirap, b co6cTBeHHbix HMeHax kóto pbix BCTpeqaioTCfl 3th coqeTaHHH: Mohko, Hopoan). IIpH OTcyTCTBHH
JJHaKpeTHMeCKHX 3H3KOB HHOCTpafflíbl 3aTpyHHíIK)TCH B npOH3HeCeHHH HOBbIX Wlfl HHX CJIOB C e H MHTaiOT HX Cfr npH*ťéM  [e] OTKpbITbIM,
BcnencTBHe qero HepeaKH oujh6kh rana [no3T] bmccto (najot] (noer) .
Maiepnan no 3 to My pa3neny conepjKHTcn b ypoKe N° 18. B ynpa>K-HeHHHx OTpa6aTbmaeTCH npoH3honjeHHe [o] nocne Bcex mhtkhx cor-nacHbix (3a HcioiiOHeHHeM 3ajxHeH3biHHbix) . 06pamaeTcn BHHMaHHe Ha cnyqaH 3ByKO-6ykbeHHbix HecooTBeTCTBHH npH HanHcaHHH [ě] nocne inHnHinHX, HanpHMep: uiě/i, MěnTbiů, zopmo, rpyiuooa.
B ypoKe N° 20 npoBonHTcn noBTopemie ocHOBHbix pa3nejioB $one-THHecKoro MaTepnajia nocoSHH no TpeM acneKTaM: npoH3HoineHHe 3By-kob, ynaperaie, HHTOHauHH. Hanoonbuiyro qacrb ypOKa 3aHHMaeT nep-Bbiň acneKT. 3necb 3aKpennneTCÄ apTHKynHUHH Heo6xonHMbix 3ByK0B b CHCTeMe rnacHwx h coraacHbix, a TaKace npoBonHTcn npoBepKa yMe-hhh h HaBbiKOB ytmnrHxcn. ynpaameHHfi pacnonoaceHbi b onpeneneH-hoh nocneflOBaTenbHOCTH cootbctctbôhho nopanicy npennaraeMbix tcm: macHbie 3ByKH [a, o, e, w] non yflapeHHeMH hx peflyKAKn; cor-nacHbie 3b>tch; MarKocrb coniacHbix; ornyiueHHe h 03BOHqeinie co-niacHbix; n po h 3H omeHHe 3ByKOB [ya, ui, ňľ, q' j, u, n, n\ p, p', r, x].
3aKpenjieHHe h npoBepKa HaBbiKa peayímpoBaHHH rnacHbix npo-boijhtch b ynpa)KHeHHnx N° 1—11, rne naioTCH KaK cithckh OTflenbHbix cnoB, Ta k h 3aKOHqeHHbie reKCTOBbie MaTepnanbi. flaeTcn conocraBJíe-HHe ynapHbix h 6e3yaapHbix cnoroB (ynp. 9), a TaK»ce npoBOjjHTca lrre-Hne TeKCTOB npo3aHHecKoro h nosnmecKoro xapaKTepa.
B ynpa^cHeHHKx N° 12—26 ocyiyecTBnfleTCH 3aKpenneHHe apraKy-jiJiUHH TpynHbix 3ByK0B [ o, bi, e]. IIpoH3HO]neHHe 3ByKa [ o] npoxo-jjht b ocHOBHOM b ynapHbix cjiorax, rne y-o6pa3Hbiň xapaKTep 3ByKa ripoHBnneTCH b HanÔonbineH cienemi (ynp. N° 12—14). TnacHbiň [w] noBTOpaeTCfl KaK b ynapHOM, TaK h b 6e3ynapHOM 3ByqaHHH (ynp. N°N° 15—18, 20). B ynpaacHeHHH N° 19 3aKpennaeTcn HaBbiK npo-H3HOmeHHa h Ha cTbiKe cnoB h nocne npennoroB (u3 Mtojiuu, ôom Meaua) . OTpaobTKa npoH3HomeHHH OTKpbiToro h 3aKpbiToro [e] npo-
22
BOflHTCfl b ynpa»cHeHHflx N" 22—25 Ha MaTepnajie ynapHbix cnoroB npH
CO no CT3B Jl ÔHHH AB y X BapH3HTOB   [e]    (3Ü-eÜ)  H npH BCeB03MO>KHbIX
coMeTaHHHx [e] c comacHbiMH. B ynpajKHeHHax c N° 25 no N° 60 co-Aep^cHTCH Maiepnaji no 3aKpenneHHM CHCieivibi corjiacHwx 3ByKOB. OTAejibHO A^ioTca ynpa>KHeHHfl Ha OTpaßoTKy apraKynhuhh MflrKHx cornacHbix b pa3Hbix no3HUHflx, ocoöo BbiAeníiioTCH cjiyqaw npoH3-HomeHHH MHrKHx comacHbix nočné [j] (ynp. N° 39, 56—60), npoH3-Houiemie [h', a', t*] (ynp. N° 28-31, 32, 35-37), cwnrqeHHe cor-jiacHbix nepeA coniacHbiMH b KOHue cjiob (ynp. N° 47—55), ocoÔeHHO cornacHbix [ji, p] (ynp. N° 49—55) .
B CHCTeMe rjiyxHx-3BOHKHX coniacHbix ocHOBHoe bhhManne yAene-HO noBtopeHHK) npoH3HomeHHfl npennoroB b, c, ot b coqeTaHHHx co cjiOBaMH, na.miiaioluhmhch rjiacHbiMH h comacHbiM [b] (MaTepnaji AOJiMceH Hcnonb30BaTbCfl (J>aKyjibTaTHBHo, rnaBHbiM o6pa30M, ahh öonrapcKHx h nojibCKHx yqaiuHxca). OTAejibHO BbiAenmoTCH aah 3a-KpenjieHH3 iuHnaiuHe corjiacHbie [m, m, w\ q'] h 3Byic [u] (ynp. N° 61-67).
ILOBYHEHME YAAPEHMK)
B pyccKOM H3biKe H3 Bcex cpeACTB opraHH3auHH (^oHonorHMecKOŽ CTpyKTypbi cjioBa yAaperano npHHannejKHT rjiaBHaa ponb, hôo oho noA^HHeT ceöe Bce ocTanbHbie cpeACTBa h bjihact Ha cneKTpajibHbm cocTaB He TOAbKO rnacHbix, ho h cornacHbix 3bykob b 6e3yAapHwx CJiorax1;. YcTaHOBneHO, mo 4>H3HOJioniqecKHMH (JmicTopaMH pyccKoro yAapeHHH hbjihiotch ne TOJibKo cHna BbiAbixaeMoň CTpyH B03Ayxa, ho h HanpHHcemie apTHKynnpyioLUHX opraHOB, BCJieACTBHe qero yAapHbie cnorH npoH3Hocätch 6ojiee TmaTejibHo, oTqexnHBO, a 6e3ynapHbie — c ocjiaôJieHHoft apTHKyjiHUHeo2. TaicHM o6pa30M, niaBHoß, otjthmh-TenbHOH HepToň pyccKoro yAapeHHH hbjihctch ero chjibHOHeHTpajni-3VI0IHHH xapaicrep h HepaBHOMepHoe pacnpenejieHHe MycKynbHoň 3HeprHH b noTOKe pemi. Hap«Ay c sthm cnesyeT oTMeíHTb, qTO b pyo cKöM H3biKe ynapHbiö niacHbm ne TOjibKo ôbjíee 3HepraqeH no ap-raicy-jthuhh, ho Ôojiee AJiHTejieH. flamam „apTHKyjiHHHOHHbm" acneKT pyc-CKoro ynapeHHH npeACTaBJineT 6ojibinHe TpyAHOCTH ßjw Bcex hhoct-paHueB no pa3HWM npiWHHaM. Hanpraviep, aimTejibHocrb yAapHoro rnacHoro c TpyAOM ocbanBaetch ťxwirapaMH b cHJiy Toro, ito b ôbjírap-
Cm.: BoudapKo JI. B„ Bep6uu,Kan JI. A., 3undep JI. P.. AKycrHqeckne xapaKTepHCTHKH 6e3yaapHOcTH. B c6.; CrpyxTypHaa innonorHa #3i>ikob. M., 1966.
2Cm.: Kymevkoea U. C. PyccKoe yaapeHHe. B c6,: „PyccxHíi ä3mkíijih cTy-HeHTOB-HHOCTpaHueB". Mry, I960, c, 7.
23
CKOM H3MKe B IlOTOKe pCffl TTiaCHblÜ BblAeJIHeTCfl B OCHOBHOM HHTeH-
CHBHOCTbK)1, qexaNffl — B CBH3H C HeCOBnaAeHHeM ynapHOCTH H flJTH-
TenbHocTH b cnorax, to »ce b BeHrepCKOM H3bitce h t. a.
IIpoH3HorneHHe b cHCTeMe 6e3yflapHoro BOKajiH3Ma conpaaceHO c noHHTHeM perj,yKUHH rjiacHwx 3ByKOB. AKueHT Ha ypoBHe npoH3Ho uieHHH   6e3yAapHbix   rjiacHwx He bjihhct Ha cMbicjiopaajiHqeHHe,
H B 3T0H CBH3H MO ACT CKJiaflblBaibCH BneHäTJieHHe HeHyjKHO CTH OT-
paooTKH HopM npoH3HomeHHfl b CHCTeMe 6e3yAapHbix rnacHbix (xota
CpaBHHTe   B pyCCKOM — [A] CTÜH08KÜ H B 6ojirapCKOM — \y] CTQH06-
Ka (pcraHoeKd). HenpaBHJibHOCTb npoH3HecenHH 6e3yaapHbix rnacHbix Henb3H pacueHHBaTb KaK HsojiHpoBaHHoe (jxjHeTHiecKoe HCKaaceHHe,
H60 3TO eCTb CJieACTBHe OTKJIOHeHHfl OT pHTMHKO-apTHKyjlHUHOHHOH
CTpyKTypw cnoBa b uenoM.
PeAyKUHeH rnacHbix yqamHecH oBjiaaeBaioT c cbjibiuHM TpyaoM,
HÖb OHa OTCyTCTByeT B ÖOJIblUHHCTBe H3MK0B H33BaHHblX HaUHOHajlb-
HOCTeö. B öojirapCKOM H3WKe Ka<iecTBO peflyKUHH OTJiHqaeTC« ot pyc-CKoro, h 3to bhocht AonojiHHTejibHbie TpyflHocTH ann yqamHXCH b ch-
Jiy pOACTBeHHOH ÖJIH30CTH H3MK0B H Ha 3T0H OCHOBe — JieKCHKO-(|)OHe-
thtockoh HHTep4>epeHi]HH (cpaBHHTC b pyccKOM [BAflä], a b öojirap-CKOM [By«a], b pyccKOM [MHon>], a b öonrapcKOM [MHory] ht. a-) PerryKUHü rnacHbixBCTpeiaeTCfl h b pnae no3HUHH rjiacHwx HeMenKoro H3biKa, b nacTHOCTH, b npuciaBKax h B KOHue cjiob (HanpHMep, bekommen,gegebenh t. a)■
B uejioM ace nocTaHOBKa np0H3H0iueHHfl peAyitfipoBaHHwx rjiac-Hbix Mo>KeT ocymecTBJiHTbCH yHH(J)HHHpoBaHHo jJjiH. yqamHxcfl Bcex Ha-uHOHajibHOCTeH. 3Ty paöOTy neo Gxoahmo npOBOAHTb b onpeAeneHHofi nocjieAOBaTejibHOCTH co BToporo ypoxa. Uenecoo6pa3Ho HaqaTb c KpaTKoro onHcaHHfl pHTMHnecKHx ocooeHHocTeü pyccKoro cnoBa
H nOHHTHH peAyKUHH TJiaCHblX.
IIpaKTHKa noKa3bmaeT, hto Hanoonee yctohmhbmmh qepTaMH aK-AeHTa flBjiflWTCfl pMTMHiecKHe HCKa>KeHHH Ha ypoBHe cnoBa, cHHTarMbi, 4>pa3bi, h 3to He cjiyqaHHO, TaK KaK npn OBjiaAeHHH hhohsm^hoh peqbio npoHcxoAHT pHTMHHecKaji HHTep^epeHUHH, npeoflOJieHHe Koropon conpH^ceHo c jiomkoh pMTMHHecKoro HMnynbca poAHoro H3biKa, to ecTb npeoAoneHHe HHepuHH ycHneroifl hjih ocnaöJieHHH Tex hjth hhwx
pHTMHMeCKHX KOMnOHeHTOB, He COBnaAaH)UWX B pOflHOMH H3yqaeMOM Ä3bIKaX.
OßnaAeHHe pHTMHnecKOH cTpyKTypoü pyccKoro cnoBa ocymecTB-jineTCH nyreM mho ro k paTHO ro npo tob apHB aHH k pH tmh qecKH x MOAenen pa3Horo 3ByKOBoro Hanonhchhh. BbiAejineTca AeßHTb thiiob pHTMHHe-
Cm.: 3naToycTOea JJ. B. GtoHennjecKHe oco6eHHOcTH cnoBecHoro ynapeHHÄ b pyccKOM h ÖonrapcKOM H3biKax, YM.3an.Kry, Ka3am,, 1962, t. 122, kh. 5, c. 199.
24
CKorö o4»pMJieHHa cnoB b pyccKOM jhbikc, npeacTaBJíHioiuHX coöoö pHTMHqecKyio 6a3y nna oGyneHHH HepyccKHx:
1. tatá — —: CTpand, eoda, pôdnou, xodÚTb, renne;
2. táta — —: Kuúza, epéMn, hóebiu, dénarb, nado, wiÔxo;
3. tatatá--—: uncrurýT, zonyôóu, nozynÁTb, xopoiuó;
4. tátata —--: deeyuixa, pÓ3oebiu, quckohuji, xojioôho;
5. tatáta — - —: paôóra, npuAmbiü, 3aMérun, cnynaňno;
6. tatátata — —--: 3anAruR, Kopúnnesbiu, noHpáewicn, no-nóeoMy;
7. tatatáta---- —: nepedána, apoMambiü, okĺuo/icjí, ueKpacúeo;
8. tatatatá---—: nepeeopór, nepedaedn, nexopomé;
9. tátatata —---: Ma/iehbKoeo, cmôenbKozo.
npHpona pyccKoro ynapeHHH HaHoojiee apico npoflBJiaeTca b pHT-MHMecKoň opraHH3ajjHH nenoro b biCKa3biBqhhh '. b cHHTarMe, bo <J>pa3e, to ecTb b noTOKe peqn, Koraa njíHTenbHocTb h flpyrae noKa3aTeiiH ynapHbix cnoroB bmhbjihiotch apie, ouryTHMee, nonHee, neM b H30jih-poBaHHOM cjiOBe. B stom n po HB u ne TCH ce Mamu qec k an cymHOCTb yna-pcHHH: H3B6CTHO, MTO nam onyx Jieme yjiaBnHBaeT yflapeHHe Ha tom cjiore, rne mm ero o:*amaeM ycjibiinaTb, rae oho ceMaHTHiecKH onpaB-naHO jiHHrBHCTHqecKHM 003HaHH6M. Bot noqeMy OTpaÔOTKy 4>H3H*ie-CKHx xapaK T6 pH era k ynapemifi uenecoo6pa3HO npOBOjjHTb Ha ypoBHe CJioBocoieTaHHH, cHHTarMbi, 4>pa3bi h naace uenoro TeKCTa.
OTpaÔoTKa peflyKUHH h phtmhkh HauHHaeTCH Ha MaTepnajie npo-H3HouieHHH 6e3yn,apHbix [o, a] TojibKO nocne raepflbix corjiacHbix, t. k. yqaiHHecÄ e me He TpeHHpoB ajiHCb b np0H3HeceHHH mhtkhx. BaacHO no-Ka3aTb, *rro ynapHbiň cnor HBJíaeTCa pHTMHqecKHM ueHipoM cjiOBa, a ynapHbW rjiacHbiň npOH3HocHTca He TOJibKO obxiee SHepnmHO, ho h öojiee jjjíHTejibHo. IIocjieflOBaTejibHocTb ynpaacHeHHH nonacHa 6wTb cne-nyiomaH: peflyuHpoBaHHbrií 3ByK b Havane cnOBa, b nepBOM npenynap-
HOM, BO BTOpOM npeflyflapHOM, B pa3HbIX n03HIfflHX, B aÖCOJlIOTHOM
KOHue cnoBa1.
OienyeT o6paTHTb bhhmühhc Ha n po H 3H0 uieHH e 6e3yaapHbix okoh-qaHHŽ npHJiaraTenbHbix ozo (xpacnozo), oü (doôpou) h npoH3Home-Hne 6e3yaapHbix npenxioroB (nod Mocksóů, 3a ctojióm) > a Taioice npo-
BeCTH COnOCTaBJíeHHe npOH3HOUieHHH H 3HaqeHHH CnOB B 3aBHCHM0CTH
OT MecTa ynapeHHa: dOMa — dÓMa.
PeayKUHK) macHbix [a, e] nocne matkhx corjiacHwx mohcho ot-paÖaTbffiaTb TOJibKo c uiecToro ypoKa, t. e. nocne BBeneHHa npoH3HO-uieHHH MfirKHx corjiacHwx b pa3Hbix no3HuHHx, b tom HHCJie h nepea [e, h] , a Taioice nocne 3Haicomctba co 3ByKOM [j], HeoôxonHMbiM njiH npoH3HOuieHHa cjiob mmA3biK, HÜ140, eda, dexre/ibHOCTb. Ynpa^cHeHHH
YnpajKHeHHe 13 npejjHasHaieHo an« y«amHxca-5onrap, KOTopwe flonycka-10T HapyuitHHe cMbícna b cnoBax rana ouiuôch, okci3cui bcíicuctbhc jickchko-<J)0-
HeTHHeCKOft HHTepípepOTUHH (npOH3HOCHT HX Kax [y]wíHŕ>C.«, [y]řCfl»37l) .
25
Jiyqnie pacnonaraTb b cjrenyioineH nocnenoBaTenbHOCTH: conocTaBJiemie
yaapHbix h 6e3yflapHbix [a, e], penyKiiHH b nepBOM npenynapHOM cnore, peAyKiiHfl bo BTopoM npenynapHOM cnore, TpaHCKpumiHH cjiob c peflyimpoBaHHbiMH [a, e], npoH3HouieHMe 3aynapHbix [a, e], npoH3-HoiueHHe peflyuHpoBaHHbix [a, e] b coqeTaHHH c [j], 6e3yaapHbie [a, e] b pa3Hbix no3HimHx. TaK Kaic rjiacHwe [w, h, y] He no/jsepra-wtch KanecTBeHHOH penyKHHH, BHHMaHHe yqamnxcH cjienyeT npHBJíeib JiHiHb k KonnqecTBeHHbiM napaMeTpaM npOH3Houiehhň 3thx 6e3yAap-Hbix rjiacHbix (ypOKH N° 2, 14). B cbíoh c TeM, mo flJiH Bcex yqaniHXCH onpefleneHHbie TpyjjHOCTH npencTaBnneT npoH3HomeHHe pejryínipoBaH-Hbix rjiacHbix nocne corjiacHbix in, q'„nr\ h] , stot Maiepnan nene-coo6pa3HO BbmejíHTb omejibHO (cm. ypOK 19).
JlpyroH oTjmqHTejibHOH qepTOň pyccKoro yflapeHHíi HBnaeTCfl ero pa3HOMecTHOCTb h nonBHxcHOCTb, npeflciaBJíHiomHe coöoh BaacHbiň ac-neKT oÖyneHHK HHOCTpamieB. Pa3Ho MecTHOCTb yflapeHHH, HBJíniomaHCH npH3H3KOM jJH(£4)epeHimaHHH 3HaqeHHÖ cjiob b pyccKOM H3biKe (jwy-Ka - Myxa, dopoeóu — ôopóeou, napÓM - napoM, uesiýio - ué/iyw), c 6onbiUHM TpyaoM BOcnpHHHMaeTca HHocTpaHHbiMH yqamjiMHCH Bcex HauHOHajibHOCTen, Ha3BaHHbix Bbiuie.
OTnejibHbie TpyflHOCTH o6ycjioBJieHM TaKMce cneuH(pHqecKHMH Ha-UHOHajibHbiMH o co 6e HHO CTHMH. TaK, y yqaiuHXCH Tex en 3bhhckhx Ha-ITHO Han bHO CTeň, H3WKH KOTOpblX O&ianaiOT (pHKCHpOBaHHbIM yflapeHH-
CM, HaojiioflaeTCH jieKCHKo-aKueHTOjionmecKaH HHTepipepemnifl no MecTy yaapeHHÄ. HanpHMep, qexn, cicrroHHbie npoH3HocHTb pyccKHe cnoBa no o6pa3iiy qeincKHx (c ynapeimeM Ha nepBOM cnore), nena-WT oijjhökh rana: Sna, cranx, eôda, epaeu, c nwdbMU, FIonHKH, npOH3-HocÄurne cnoBa pojjnoro «3WKa c ynapeHneM Ha npennocnenHeM cnore, roBopjľr: My3ÚKa, deÁresib, Meródu, Kpýeu, e pýmx, npócTbiu (npocróu), npÁMbiu (npsmoü), MopcKuü (MopcKOü). *Ito KacaeTCH 6onrap, to CTaTUcnmecKHe HccneflOBaroiH hx peqeBoro ypOBHH no3Bo-jihwt ycTaHOBHTb OTioiOHeHHe no MecTy ynapeHHH b KaacnoM necflioM cnoBe pyccKoro H3biKax, mo oGbacHneTca öonbuiHM cxoactbom neK-cnqecKoro cociaßa pyccKoro h obnrapcKoro H3biKOB. Taiaie aKTHBHbie ejjHHHHbi poi4Horo H3biKa KSK páôora, oöed, 3UMü, euHo, KpecnS yqa-mHecH nepeHocHT b pyccKHÖ H3biK 6e3 bcrkoh KoppeKimn.
JifiR yqaumxcfl HeponcTBeHHbix h3hkob (BenrpoB, HeMneß) oihhÖ-
KH no MeCTy ynapeHHH B pyCCKHX CJIOBax CTäHOBHTCH B03M0>KHbIMH
ensa im ne b Ka?KnoM mhorocjtomchom cnoBe, TaK KaK OTcyTCTBywT KaKHe-jiHÖo npaBHna, KOiopbie mohih 6m ycTaHOBHTb Hnn oöbflCHHTb, b KaKHX cnoBax yaapeHHe na/iaeT Ha nepBbrii cnor, b KaKHx — Ha bto-
pOH H T. fl.
1 Cm.: Jleöedeea 10. r. MeTonHKa npenoaaßaHHH pyccKoro npoH3HoiiicHHA GonrapaM. M., 1973, c. 48-51.
26
OnpenejTeHHbie AonojiHHTejibHbie TpynHOc*ra HcnBiTbrßaioT Beirrep-CKHe yiaiimecfl BCJiencTBHe bjihhhhh ponHoro H3biica. H3BecTHO, mto b BeHrepcKOM H3hiice He 6bmaeT cnoBecHoro yaapeHH« Ha qeiroix cjio-rax, KpoMe Toro, pa3JiHqaioTCH rnaBHoe h npnojiHHTejibHoe ynapeHHfl b cnoBax (rnaBHoe nawaeT Ha nepBbrii cjior, a Ha apyrax HeneTHbix cno-rax öbmaioT eme AonojiHHTejibHbie ynapeHHH) . HHaie roBopH, b Benrep-CKOM 33biKe neqeTHbie aioni 6onee hhtchchbHbi no cpaBHeHHio c HeT-HbiMH, a Ha iditom cnore ynapemie ouibHee, qeM Ha TpeTbeM. H3 npaic-THKH H3BecTHO, c KSKHM TpynpM ocBaHBaioT BeHrepcKHe yqaunaecH pHTMHKy pyccKoro cJiOBaH MecTO cnoBecHoro yAapeHHH.
OTpaÖOTKy HOpM aKueHTHpoBaHHH no Medy ynapeHHH nnn yqa-
mHXCfl  pa3HMX HaUHOHaJIbHOCTeH HeoßxOHHMO npOBOflHTb c yieTOM
poflHoro H3biKa, a nna jihu cnaBHHCKHx HanHOHajibHOCTeň nojie3Ho hc-nonb30BaTb cjiobhhkh paannqKH no Medy yaapeHHH b JieKCHiecKH HfleHTHHHbix enHHHuax. HeoöxonHMaTaKJKe OTpa6oTKa ynapeHHH b cnoBax ^HTepHauHOHanbHoň" jickchkh nina: 3xcnopT, UMnopr, 0ynda-M6HT, TpancnopT, kocmoc.
He MeHbiuan cno>KHOCTb hjih npeACTaBHTejieŕí Bcex HauHOHanbHO-CTeň 3aKJiKmaeTCH b nonBHacHOCTH pyccKoro ynapeHHH, jiBJiHioinerocfl noKa3aieneM rpaMMaTHHecKHX cnoBocjwpM: eopodá - aopoda, okho — okhq, awôaw — ak)6ut, docxa — dôcxy. OnwT noKa3bnjaemenecoo6-pa3HOCTb BbmeneHHH b icaqecxBe yqeÖHoro MaTepnana Hanobnee npo-ayKTHBHbix MOflejteň cnoBoo6pa30BaHHíi h cjioBOH3MeHeHHH no qacxHM
peMH B JJByXOCHOBHblX HanpaBJieHHHx-
a) cjiOBa c 4)HKCHpOBaHHbiM yaapeHHeM (Ha (Juickchh; cy$$viK-ce; cnore, npeAinecxByroineM cy4>4>HKcy) ;
6) cABHra yAapeHHH (c ochobm Ha (JwieKCHio h c (Jmickchh Ha oc-
HOBy) .
HeoÖxonHMa oxpaooxica jmuib ocHOBHbix cny^aeB, 6e3 H3JiHniHeň TeopeTH3auHH h HarpoMO jkachhs cxeM h npaBHji o cnBHrax ynapeHHH. Moucho peKoMeHAOBaTb cnenyioumH, HaHÖonee CTaÖHnhHMH y^eÖHbin Maiepnaji no qacxHM pern
YflAPEHME B CyiUECTBMTEnbHblX
3necb n,enecoo6pa3Ho B3HTb 3a ocHOBy Kaxeropmo pona: yAapeHHe b cymecxBHxejibHbix Myaccicoro, 5KeHCKoro h cpe/iHero pona.
B cymecTBHTenbHbix My^ccKoro pona, BO-nepBbix, o6pamaexc5i BHHMaHHe Ha cjiyvaH c noctoHHHbiM ynapeHHeM.
1. CymecTBHTejibHbie Myaccicoro pona, HMeiourne 6enibie mac-
Hbie O, e, npH CIGIOHeHHH npOH3HOCHXCÍI C ynapHblMH OKOHqaHHHMH
bo Bcex (JxjpMax KocBeHHbix naflOKeo: ýeo/i - y and - ye/iý - yenÓM -m  ye/ty; oréif - oti$ - oný — otup, — or up m — o6 orné.
27
2. B cymecTBHTejTBHwx, hmcmiuhx (JmeKcmo -y, -» b npennojKHOM nane^ce, Bcerna ynapHoe oko manne: e Kpbwý, na xpaiô, e necý, hü nojiý, e ya/iý.
Moxho napajuiejibHo aaTb rpyrray cjiob, HMerourHX ynapHyio 4»ieKCHH) -y h B ponHTenbHOM naneace: nauxy, xo(ßeüxy, raôaxý, nec-xý, xurmrxý.
3. B CymeCTBHTeJIbHblX, HMeiOmHX BO MHO>KeCTBeHHOM TOCJie (J)JieK-
CHK) -a, Bcerna ynapHoe OKOHnaHHe: doMá, zopodá, adpecä, Ôepezcu
4. CnenyiomHe cy4>(f)HKCbi cymecTBHTenbHbix My>KCKoro pona Bcerfla ynapHbi: -hct {xoMMynúcf), -aHT (My3bixáHf), -äht {cnexy-jiÁht), -ěp (cyý)jiěp), -HOHep (axifuoHep), -h3m (prtTUMŮSM), -aHHH (aHZAUWHUH), -aT(a), -HT(a) — o6biiHo b Ha3BaHHHx fleTeHbiiueň jKHBOTHbrx bo MHO>KBCTBeHHOM 1HCJ1C {Medeeomra, nucnm, ifbin/iÁTa), -Óhok (-chok) — o6bPmo b Ha3BaHHHx neieHbiiiieH ^khbothwx b enHH-
CTBeHHOM HHCJI6 (MedeeWOHOK,   AUCěHOK, IfbinjieHOK) .
OqeHb BajKHo Taioice npOBonjKTb TpeHHpoBKy b paajmqeHHH <jx>pM poHHTenbHoro naneaca enHHCTBeHHoro *nicna (dÓMa, zópodá) h 4»pM HMeHHTejibHoro (a y HeonyineBJíeHHbix h BHHHTejibHoro) nanoica MHOHcecTBeHHoro TOcna (doMa, zopoda). Ynanxnecn nonycKaioT b naH-Hbix cjiyqaax 0Hem> ycTOiWHBbie oluhÖkh.
B cymecTBHTenbHbix 5K6HCKoro pona ťxwibiiryío TpynHocTb npen-CTaBJiHioT npe>Kne Bcero cabhih ynapeHHH, no3TOMy ocHOBHoe BHHMa-HHe yn,ejiaeTCfl 3T0My acneKTy paÖOTbi. BbinejiHeTCH TpH ocHOBHbix cjiyMan:
1. cflBHTH ynapeHHH c OKOHqaHHa Ha ocHOBy npn o6pa30BaHHH (Jx)pM MHOHoecTBeHHoro   MHcna {soma - eóúmi, crená - créftbi);
2. cHBHr ynapeHHH c oko mamin Ha ocHOBy b (J)opMax BHHHTenbHoro nane>Ka chhhctb eHHoro HHCna (pyxá — pyxy, zo/ioeá — zó/ioey, cropona — crópony);
3. cftBHr ynapeHHH c ochobw Ha oko mame b <|x)pMax KOCBeHHbix naneaceň MHoaoecTBeHHoro MHoia {hóboctu - Hoeocréů— hoboctÁm-hoboctÁmu — o HoeocrÁx; ôônacru — oôsiacréu — oo/iacrÁM — oÔ-mctÁmu — o6 oÔnacTRx).
H3 cjiob c no cloHHHbim ynapemieM HeoöxonHMa OTpaôOTKa cy<f>-(J)HKcajibHbix 4>opM c ynaperoieM Ha cy4>4)HKcax: -obk (swcTÓexa), -eBK (nyreexa), -yp(a) {auTeparýpa), -ejib (MereAb, xoňbiôéňb, ho zúoejib, Meôejib) h c ynapemieM Ha t}meKCHHx: -OT(a) (doÔpord), -H3H (a) (ho6U3ho) , -6 (a) (xodböa), -oth(h) (ôezomÁ).
B cymecTBHTenbHbix cpennero pona oÖpamaeTCH BHHMaHHe Ha 3a-KOHOMepHOCTb, npoHBjífliomyíoCH npH o 6pa30BaHHH MHoacecTBeHHoro MHcna nßyxcnojKHbix cymeciBHTejibHbix:
1. ecjín b enHHCTBeHHOM TOcne ynapeHHe na/iaeT HaocHOBy, to bo MHOHcecTBeHHOM HHCJie oho nepexoflHT Ha oKOHMaHHe (mccto -Mecrá, Mope—MopA,none— nojiÁ).HcKjiioieHHe : Kpěcna, 6/iáea\
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2. ecjTH b enHHCTBeHHom MHCJie yAapeHHe nanaeT Ha okohtohhc
TO BO MHO2KCCTB6HHOM MHCJie OHO nepeXOHHT Ha OCHOBy (pKHO-OKHa,
cenó — cena, nepó — népbn).
Thiihhhoh oiuhÖkoh ana ynauBixcH Bcex HauHOHanbHocTeň HBjiHeTCH HepaanH^eHHe 4»pM MHoacecTBeHHoro HHcna h pOAHTenbHoro naaeaca öhmhctbühhoro HHCJia: okhü — okhá, Mecrd — mUctü. ITpe-oflOJieHHe T3KHX oTKjioHeHHH nenecoo6pa3HO npoBOHHTb na CHTya-THBHo-KOHTeKCTyajibHOM MaiepHane rana: Bbi eudure okho?-Ä He euMy okhü h t. fl.
OTpa6aTbroaeTCH TaioKe ynapemie b Hanobnee aicnmhmx cymecT-BHTejibHbix Ha -mh(zW«, naeMH, epeMR, 3HaMHt ceMx), hmciouxhx
BO MHOJKeCTBeHHOM MHCJie yflapeHHe Ha OKOH*iaHHH (KpoMe 3homh —
3H0MeHa, a b ponHTenbHOM naflOKe — HyjieByio (JwieKCHio (rweMěH, um'íh, ccmäh).
yflAPEHME B nPMÍlArATEJlbHblX
MaTepHan no 3toh TeMe nejiecoo6pa3Ho 0Tpa6aTbiBaTb b cjienyio meM nopHnxe:
— HenonBHHCHoe ynapemie;
— o6pa30BaHHe 4>opM cpaBhht6jibHoň h npeBOCXonjHOH CTeneHH; _„   - cnBnra ynapeHHH.
HenojjBHÄHoe ynapemie hmciot:
1. npnnaraTejibHbie MyaccKoro pon,a c ynapHbiM OKOiraaHHeM -oft: MopcKÓu, podnóů, cyxoü;
2. cjienyMinne cy4)4>HKcanbHbie <j>opMM c ynapHWMH cycJxJjHKca-
mh:
-oBaT (öenoeaTbiü), -eßaT (cuneeaTbiü), -m (pnaMenáTbiu), -*raecK (KpUTUHeCKUÜ), -AT {jtOXMdTblÜ), -HH (bin) — rnaBHWM o6pa30M B npHTH>KaTejibHbix npwiaraTenbHbix, o6b3HaqaioujHx npHHanneacHOCTb
»CHBOTHblM   (KypUHblÜ, 36epÚHblŮ, yTUHblÜ),    -aCT  {ZJia3CLCTblÜ), -HTO
(eduHUHHbiü), -as (-äb) (Kocmňebiů, eejiumeuu), -hctck (MapK-cůctckuu) , -aHCK (-hhck) (ucnaucKuů, uTonbAucKUÜ), -HHCK (a/ibnúu-kuů) ;
3. pan npnnaraTejibHbix hmöct (J)hkcnpoBamioe ynapemíe He Ha cy4>4>HKce, a Ha rnacHOM, npeninecTByioineM cy^(J)HKcy, Ha-npHMep: nepen, cy4>$HKcoM -»iaT-, -ihb- (e3púevaTbiä, doeépHuebiu), •reniH- {cTaparenbHuu, ydueurenbubiü), -eHwc-  (cnaOehbKuü, dó-
ÖpeHbKUÜ) , -OHLK- (njlÓXOHbKUU) J
4. npHjiaraTejibHbie, o6pa30BaHHwe ot cymecTBHTenbHbix npH noMOiuH cy4>4)HKca -ck (hh) , oôbiHHo coxpaHHioT yflapeHHe cy-mecTBHTCJibHoro (TaMÔoe — raMÖoecKuü, coeer — cobÍtckuů, komu-tít — komutStckuü) .
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B (jxjpMax cpaBHHt€3ti»hom cTenemr c cy$$an&QMT -irynapeHHe naflaeT Ha ocHOBy: TOHbiue, xpne, cyme; c cy<j>(J>HKC0M -ee- — yflape-HHe Ha cyqbqbHKC, earn KpaTKaa qbopMa ^ceHCKoro pofla HMeeT yaa-peHHe Ha oKomaHHH. HanpHMep: do6pd - dodpee, Mwid - Munee, ho: npuee'muea — npueimueee, Kpacuea — Kpacueee.
CyqbqbHKC npeBocxoflHoii cieneHH -aiiui- Bcerna yn.apHbm: Kpen-muuiuu, eejiumumuu. B npHJiaraienbHbix c cy<i><i)HKCOM -eftiu- yfla-peHHe coxpaHHeTCJi b rex »ce cnorax, qro h b cpaBHHTejibHOH CTene-hh: cwibnee — cwibHeuuiuu, npueemuea — npueemueeuiuuu, Kpacuea- Kpacueeuutuu.
CflBHrH ynapeHHfl b npHjiaraTejibHbix Ha&iioflaioTCH b Kpanoix 4»pMax: b cnoBax MyjKCKoro pofla na ocHOBe, aceHCKoro pofla — Ha OKOHHaHHH, HanpHMep: do6p — do6pa, eecen — eecend, Mo/iod — Monodd (THDHMHwe oihhdkh: ona eiceaa, MO/ioda h t, fl.),
yflAPEHUE B rxiAroriAx
YflapeHHe b maronbHbix <j*>pMax xapaKTepmyeiCH MHorooSpa-3HeM aKneHTonorHqecKHx HopM. B npaKTHKe ooyqeHHH HHocipaHHbix yqaiuHxcs u,ejiecoo6pa3Ho BbiflejieHHe JiHiiib Hanobjiee nponyKTHBHbix h aKTHBHbix MOflejien b npyx ocHOBHbix HanpaBneHHHx:
— nociOHHHoe yflapeHHe;
— CflBHrH yflapeHHH.
OryqaH c nocTOHHKbiM ynapeHHeM
1. B rnarojiax coBepmeHHoro BHfla c npHcraBKOH bli- (e&exan,
eblCKOHWl).
2. B rnarojiax HecoBepuieHHoro BHna c cyqbqbHKCOM -hub (-bma) yflapeHHe npeflineciByeT cyq^HKcy (ycrpdueaTb, paccKhbiean).
3. B rnarojiax Ha -oBWBaTb (-eBbiBaxb) yflapeHHe naflaeT Ha -ob (opeaHU36ebieaTb, 3aeoeebieaTb).
4. B OTbiMeHHwx rnarojiax Ha -HimTb coxpaHaeTCH yflapeHHe npoH3BOflHuiero hmchh (xycrapb - KycrapHuwTb, auiemuK - cnner-umaTb).
5. OcHOBHaa Macca marojiOB Ha -HpoBan> HMeeT yflapeHHe Ha -h (zapaHTupoeaTb, s/iexTpotfiuuupoeaTb). YflapeHHe Ha -Ba Sbroaei b orpaHHMeHHOH rpynne cjiob, H3 KOTOpwx mojkho peKOMeHflOBaTb: gSopMupoedrb, zpynnupoeaTb, Mapuiupoedrb, MacKupoedrb, Tpenupo-edrb. Ijiarojibi Ha -H3HpoBaTb Taiofce Bcerfla hmciot yflapeHHe Ha -Hp (MexanmupoeaTb, uMnpoeu3upoearb).
6. Tjiarojibi Ha -CTBOBaTb oSbiwo hmciot ynapeHHe Ha macHOM, npeninecTByiouieM cy^^MKcy (endcreoeaTb, cnocodcTeoearb).
7. Fjiarojibi c cycJxfsiKcoM -Hy b 3HaqeHHH nocTeneHHo ycHnHBaio-meroca flencTBHH hmciot yflapeHHe Ha ocHOBe (MOKHyn, KpennyTb).
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8. BonbiifflHCTBo Ke niarojioB t cy4>4»nccoM -ny b 3HaqenHR
SbiCTporo HjiH onHOKpaTHoro neftcTBHH HMewT ynapeHHe Ha cy4>-(J)HKce (TO/iKuyTb, Mopehýľb), ho ecTb h HCKjimeHHH, HanpHMep: ecnúxHyrb, ecxpÚKnyn, e3dpózuyTb.
9. Tnarojibi c cy^HjwKCOM -Ba nocne KOpHeň na-, 3Ha-, ctb- b Ha-CTOHuieM BpeMeHH HMeioT yflapeHHe Ha OKOHHaHHH bo Bcex <$>opMax cnpHJKeHHH (npH 3tom cy4>(J)HKC -Ba HCie3aei) : dato - daéiub - daer -daéM - daěre - daér; e craw - ecraeiub — ecraer - ecraéM - ecrae-re - ecraíoT; y3Hatb - y3meiub - y3Haer - y3uaeM - y3Haěre — y3-
HaWT.
10., Diarojibi c cy^^HKCOM hh^)hhhthba -th Bcerna HMeioT ynape-HHe Ha cy(J)(J)HKce: (udrú, ueecru). Ecjih coBepuieHHbiH bha o6pa3yeT-CH npH noMoiuH npHCTaBKH BU-, to ynapeime nepexoAHT Ha npHCTaBKy
(ßblÜTU, SblHeCTU) .
11. YAapeHHe b marojiax, HMeioiunx cycJxfwKC hhc|)hhhthba -<ih, oÖbiMHO ÖbrnaeT Ha nocnenHeM rnacHOM: ôepénb - ôepeey - ôepe-Meuib — ÖepexceT - ÔepeMCM — öepexcere — Čepeeýr; ôep'ée — 6epe-e/id — öepezjiu.
CffBHTH yoapeiDtJi
IIpH OTpaÖOTKe aKueHTOjiorHMecKHX Moneneň co cflBHraMH yAapeHHfl oÔpamaeTCfl b hm Manne Ha cnenyiomHe cnynaH:
1. CnBHr ynapeHHH b marojiax b HacTOHiueMH GynymeM BpeMeHH Ha npearuecTByioiHHH cnor (3a HCKnioqeHHeM 4>opM 1-ro jiHua enHHCT-BeHHoro qHcna): npocÚTb ■ npoiuý - npócuiub - npôcuT - n pá cum -npôcuTe - npócRT. Mohcho npenno)KHTb cneAyioiHHH crmcOK HaHôbjíee xapaKTepHbix marojioB (b aji^aBHTHOM nopsAKe) :
ÖOpOTbCX, ÔpodUTb, eapUTb, eOÔUTb, 603UTb, SHQTb, düßUTb, Ôep~ JKQTb, dblUiaTb, UCKÜTb, KOpMUTb, ňCHUTbCH, JieHUTb, ZlOßUTb, JlWÖUTb, MOHUTb, HOCUTb, OÔMQHyTb, YlUCüTb, ľlMTUTb, UO/iyHUTb, YipUHXTb, HpO-
cuTb, caymtTb, CMOTpen, crauoeuTbCM, repnen*, THHyTb, xorerb, ue-HUTb, nepřim, utyrun.
2. B pAß,e marojiOB npouieAmero BpeMeHH HaOníOAaeTCH cabht yAapeHHfl c ochobw Ha OKOHiaroie b <}>opMax >KeHCKoro poAa {q3hji -G3suiá, npuHHň - npuHHJiä). Mho cTpaHHwe y^amneca qacxo AonycKa-K)T oudi6kh rana: ôpá/ia, nónsuia, 3eíaa. npeAnaraioTCH ajih OTpaBoT-KH Hanôbnee aKTHBHbie maro^w (b an^aBHTHOM nopHAKe): ôpcuiá, Ôbind, B3HJiá, epaaá, daná, ena/iá, xcu/ia, 3aHH/iát 3ea/ia, HaHx/id, uanajiá, OTHH/iá, ordand, nepedaad, nu/id, ruibind, nounad, nodunnd, npuusiad, CHfuid, cna/id,
OaicyjibTaTHBHO b cbh3h c aicTHBHOH HHTep(J)epeHHHeö nna 6bn-rapcKHx yqaumxcH npeAnaraeTca OTpaôoTKa yAapeHHfl b rnaronax npouieAmero BpeMeHH MyíKCKoro poAa Ha -hji (ecnoMnua, e3du/i)
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(b obnrapčKDM ysapeHHe Ha -mi), a raioiee bj maronax HecoBepmeH-
Horo BHfla c cyqbqbHKCOM -Ba: b pyccKOM h 3 h k e ynapHbiň — cyqb(f>HKc (co3daedTb), a b oonrapCKOM — npefluiecTByioiuHH niacHbm (npedá-euM, 3adaeaM, pa3ôäeaM h t. n,.).
npH paooie Hafl ynapeHneiví b rnarojie mo>kho oöpamaxbCfl k csienyíomeH 3aKOHOMepHOcni: earn yaapeHHe b hh^hhhthbc na^aei He Ha nocneflHHH cnor, oho ocTaČTcn HeH3MeHHbiM: npoeépurb - npo-eépH) - npoeépur.
y/lAPEHME B rJlArOJlbHblX OOPMAX (nPMMACTMHX M AEEnPMMACTMflX)
Xoth npH^acTHH h AeenpHwacTHH b npaKTHKe pa3roBopHOH pe»m BCTpeqaioTCH He TaK Macro (yqamHecH ctankhbaiotcíi c hhmh raaBHbiM o6pa30M npH mewm), OTpa6oTKa aKueHTo.no raqecKH x HopM hx yno-TpeQneHHH TaKace HeoöxoAHMa, TeM ôonee qro HHOCTpamibi HcnbiTbi-BaioT 3HaqHTenbHbie TpynHocTH n pH o6pameHHH k flaHHbiM marojib-
HblM (J)OpMaM B HayMHOM CTHJie penn.
Moäho BbiflejíHTb cneAyromHe cnyqaH aKueHrojiorHqecKHx HopM npH OBJíaaeHHH yAapeHHeM b <£opMax npHqacTHň h AeenpHqacTHÔ:
1. .UeöcTBHTejibHbie npwqacTHH Hacroamero BpeMeHH Ha -iu,hh ot rjiarojiOB I cnpH>KeHHH coxpaHHioT yAapeHHe 3-ro jiHua mho>tcecTBeHHO-ro qHcna: númyr - núiuyiuuu, öo/iewr - 6o/iéwmuu;
ot niarojiOB II cnpíDKeHHfl coxpaHHioT yAapeHHe HH(j>HHHTHBa: nÔMHUTb - nÓMHHUiuu, ACTCTb - actÁu^uu. HcKjiioqeHHe: jiw-6uTb - awÔHmuu, jiemTb - nénamuň.
2. XJeňcTBHTejibHbie npHqaciHH npouieAuiero BpeMeHH Ha -biuhh, -iijmh oÖbiqHo coxpaHHHjT yAapeHHe HH(|>HHHTHBa: KynÚTb - Kynúeiuuu, nonyuuTb — nofiynueiuuü.
Ecjth b HH(J)HHHTHBe cyqbqbHKC -TH, to b npwqacTHHx, o6pa30BaH-Hbix ot 3THX raaronoB, npoHCxonHT c ab h r yAapeHHH Ha oahh cnor k Haqany aiOBa: npunecm - npuHeciuuü.
3. CTpaAaTejibHbie npnqacTHH HacToamero BpeMeHH Ha -mmh noA-qHHHioTCH TOMy xce npaBHAy, qro h npnqacTHH Ha -iuhh (cm. n. 1):
ot I cnpa^ceHHH: noKynáioT - noKynaeMbiä;
OT II CnpJDKeHH'. MblCJlUTb - MblCflUMblÜ
4. CTpaflaTenbHbie npHHaciHH npouieniuero BpeMeHH Ha -hhwh, oť> paaoBaHHbie ot niarojiOB Ha -aTb (-HTb), oôbiqHO h Mew t capht yAape-HHH na npeAbiAyiHHH cnor no cpaBHeHHM c hh4>hhhthbom: mnucán — mnucaHHbiü, npoHUTarb — nponaraHHUü.
EcjiH ace rnaroAbi Ha -an» (-jrn») hmciot yAapeHHe Ha ocHOBe, ro MecTO yAapeHHH coxpaHHeTca h b npHqacxHH: 3apa6orarb — 3apa6ómn-Hbiu, npodyMarb - npodyMannbiü.
5. CTpaflaTenbHbie npnqacTHH npouienjuiero BpeMeHH Ha -tmh coxpaHHioT yAapeHHe niarona b npouieAuieM BpeMeHH: npÚHH/i - npúnn-
32
tmü, nôdHHA - nodHHTbiü. npH 3T0M, eaiH npMqacTHe o6pa30BaHO ot rnarojioB c yn,apHbiM cy<p4>HKC0M _Hy> ynapeHne nepenBHraeTCfl Ha oflHH ciior k Haqany cnoBa: coMKuyji - coMKnymu. Ecjih ace cyepqbHKC -Hy HeyaapaeMbiH, to b npHnacTHH coxpaHHeTCH MecTO ynapeHHii rna-rojia npouieftmero BpeMeHH: Tpony/i — Tponymü, 3adeuuyn — 3adeu-
HyTblÜ.
6. KpaTKHe qbopMbi CTpan,aienbHbix npH^aciHH HeKOTopwx Diaro* jiob HMewT cnBHr yaapeHHfl c ochobm Ha OKOHMaroie b tpopMax »ceH-CKoro  popa no  cooTHomeHHio  c MyaccicHM: npúuHT — npunxrd, co3daH — co3dauát 63Át — ea*ra, npómiT - npomtrd, hqwt — Hanaro.
7. JteenpHqacTHH, o6pa30BaHHbie ot rjiaronos c HenonBHHCHMM yaapeHHeM npH noMOinn cyqbipHKcoB -a (-n), coxpaHHioT ynaperoie 3-ro jiHua MHoaceciBeHHoro MHcna: uzpáwT — uzpcbt, dyMawr - dy-
MCLH.
8. .UeenpHHacTHH, o6pa30BaHHbie ot marojiOB c HenojjBHXHbiM yflapeHHeM npH noMourji cy<j)4>HKC0B -b, -biiih, -um, coxpajLHwT yn,ape-HH6 HH(J)HHHTHBa: npúenyTb - npuenye, pacKunyTbCH - pacKunys-
UlUCb.
9. B neenpimacTHHx — HapetMHX Ha -yw, -k>mh yn,apeHHe najjaeT Ha macHbiH nepea cy4><j)HKCOM: uepammi, yMewnu.
5E3yflAPHblE H CJlABOyflAPfJEMblE CJIOB A
MaiepHan no stoh TeMe iiejiecoo6pa3Ho OTpaÖaraBaTb Kaic moucho paHbuie, HanpHMep, c ypoica N° 2, roe roBopHTCH o penyKUHH rnacHbix B npenjiorax. Up« npoH3HoineHHH 6c3yaapHbix aiyaceöHbix cjiob h HacTHU, Heo6xojjHMO oöpamaTb BHHMaroie b nponecce qreHHa h ycthoh peqn, HanpHMep, Ha cjiynaH, Korfla npeanora h qaciHUbi „neperani-BaioT" yflapeHHe (nód eopy, ne mux), a Taioice Ha MOMeHTbi pasjíH^e-hhh: ně c kcm ví hu c kÍm, ne k KOMy H hu k Kouy. HeoÖxojJHMO no-Ka3aTb npHMepbi cjiaooynapneMbix cjiob — 3to npyxcjioacHbie h Tpex-cjiojKHbie C0H)3bi h npenjioni (neped, Koropbiü, noroMy hto h n.p.), ko-TOpbie conocTaBJiaiOTCH c HapeHHHMH: Oh cuöut rnnpome (caMOCTOH-TejibHoe cnoBo). Oh cuöut nanpome mc (cny>tce6Hoe, cnaobyaapHe-Moe cjiobo). Mo>kho OTMeiHTb b omejibHbix cjiyqaflx cnaöoe yaapeHHe h b 3HaMeHaTejibHbix nacTHx pew (HanpHMep, rjiarojibi-CBH3KH cram, ÔbiTb): Oh cto/i xydoxcHUKOM. Oh 6bi/i neeuoM.
O&beKTOM BHHMaHHH MOHCeT GbITb TaiOKe H npOH3HOUieHHe COI03OB HO H TO, KOTOpbie HHKOTfla He peflyUHpyíOTCH, HeCMOTpH Ha TO, mo
HBJíHioTCfl en y 5Ke 6Hbi MH. (CneimajibHoe HsnoHcemie MaTepnana no yica-3aHHbiM MOMeHTaM HMeeTCH b ypoKe N° 13.)
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yflAPEHME b CJIOTKHbtX CJ10BAX M B ABBPEBHATypAX
YnapeHHe b cjiojkhbix cjiOBax h a66peBHaiypax npeACTaBJíaeT onpeaeneHHbie TpyAHOCTH nna yqamnxca b cb«3h c tcm, rto b ôbjíb-
UIHHCTB6 Ol OSCHLI X CJIOB, MHOrOCJ10>KHbIX no COCTaBy, ynoTpe&iaeTCH
OHHO yaapeHHe, h oho naaaeT Ha nocjienHHH en o r (hjth npenriocnefl-hhh) . Y h ho CTpaHHbix yqamnxca Ha6nioflaeTCH TeHAemma k ynoTpeÖ-jieHHH) ab y x ynapeHHŽ — no H3jihmhk) KopHeö b TaKHx cjiOBax, KaK UenuHOzpad, deaonpou36odCTeo, CeMunaaaruucK, a obnrapcKHe yqa-iHHecfl npoH3HocaT cnoHCHbie cnoBa no aHanorHH c ponBUM h3wkom: nepBaa qacTb aiOHCHoro cnoBa npoH3HOCHTca c ouibHbiM, a BTopaa co cjiaöbiM ynapeHHeM.
Maiepuan no yaapeHHio Heo6xonHMO oTpaOaiLTBaib KOnneHTpnqec-KH. B ypOKax c cenbMoro no qeTbipHaAuaTbiö npOBOflHTca nepBHqHaa OTpaÖOTKa HopM yaapeHHH b cymecTBHTeJi bHbix MyaccKoro, aceHCKoro, cpeflHero po n a, b npHJiaraienbHbix, b rnaronaxH rnarojibHbix <J)opMax, b cnoxHbix cnoBax h a66peBHaTypax, a taicxce b cnaobynapneMbix cno-Bax.
B UeJIHX BTOpHHHOH OTpaÔOTKH MaTepHaJia BaHCHO npOBCCTH 3a-
KpenneHHe no TeMaM — c iwTHaAuaToro no fleBÄTHanuaTbiň y po k, a b Ab ami a to m — o630pHoe noBTOpemie Bcero MaTepnana. npaKTHKa noKa-3biBaeT, HTO TOJibKO nyreM laKoro HeojjhoKpaiHoro noBTopemia h nporoB apHB aHHa mokho npoHTbca 3aicpenJieHHa HasbiKOB aKueHTHpo-BaHHH. n pH stom xapaKTep ynpaxcHeHHH nojiaceH MeHHTbca: earn b yn-pa^cHeHHHx nepBoro KOHuempa ocHOBHoe BHHMaHHe aoahcho o6pa-maTbca Ha TpeHHpOBKy oiflejibHbix cnoBoqbopM, to b noBiopHTejibHOM iniKne hojihcho npeoôJianaTb KOHTeKCTyajibHoe 3aKpeiuieHHe 3thx enn-hhd;. TaKaa noAaqa MaTepHana npenycMaTpHBaeT o jjho h3 maBHbix yc-jiobhh qbopMHpoBaHna HasbiKa: ero peanH3aimio b paajiHqHbix ycnoBH-ax peqeynoTpeöneHHH.
B HToroBOM y po k e 3aKpennaioTca xojibKO caMbie ocHOBHbie Te* Mbi: npoH3HomeHHe omohhmob, nocToaHHoe yaapeHHen aicneHTOJiorH-qeCKHe cjjbhth b cymecTBHTejibHbix My>KCKoro, »ceHCKoro h cpermero poaa, npoH3HonieHHe npHJiaraTenbHbix h niarojiOB. Ochobhoh bha 3a-AaHHH — HTeHHe cjiob b nejiax npOBepKH h 3aKpenneHHa HaBbiKOB ax-neHTHpoBaHHa. IIpOH3HouieHHe 6e3yflapHbix rnacHbix noBTopaeTca b npenbiAymeM pa3Aene.
3aAaqa OTpaÔOTKH npaBHUbHbix HopM aKueHTH po b aHHa b pyccKOM H3biKe conpaxceHa TaioKe h c reMnopanbHbiMH xapaicTepHCTHKaMH yaapHbrx h 6e3yAapHbix aioroB bo <j>pa3e: h3bcctho, mto yAapHMH CJior b neHTpe hhtoHannohhoh koHCTpy kithh asjiaeTca HaHÔbnee arm-TejibHbiM no BpeMeHH 3ByqaHHH. IÍ3BecTHo, c k3khm TpynpMOBnaAeBa-K)T HHOCTpaHUbi pHTMHKOH pyccKoň <J)pa3bi. TpeHHpOBKy Jiyquie npo-
BOflHTb C HCnOJlb30BaHHeM TaKHX pHTMHKO-HHTOHälDlOHHblX CTpyKTyp,
34
rne njiHTejibHOctb rnacHoro ouryinaeTca b HaHobjítineH cTeneHH, Hanpw-Mep, b HK-1, HK-3. TaK, jj/ih oipaooTKH cnBHra yaapeHHH rana eópoda - eópoda peKOMeHnyioTCH npejjnoHceHHH mna: B CCCP xpacuebie eopodá. Ba3a rypucroe uedasieKO or eópoda (ypoK N° 7, ynp, 18).
IlocTaHOBKa npaBHjibHoro ynapemia npOBonHTca nyréM nojiroik, CHCTeManmecKOH pa6oTbi, TaK KaK aKneHTononiqeciaie otkjiohchhh b penu yqainnxca hbjihiotch Hanobnee ycToňqHBbiMH. OipaöoTKa HOpM ynapeHHfl Tpe6yeT 6ojibiiioro BHHMaHHH h TepneHHH co ciopOHbi npe-noflaBaTena h co cropoHw yiameroca^
III. OBYHEHHE MHTOHAUMM
CqHTaeTca o6menpH3HaHHbiM, hto oBnaneioíe HHTOHaimeo jiioobro H3biKa HBnaeTca qpe3BbmaíÍHo cnöÄHbiM nponeccoM, h 3to He cnyHaň-Ho, npeacne Bcero, b atriy oiohchocth caMoro o&beKTa H3yqenHH. Eme JI. B. IÜepöa noflpa3yMeBan non HHTOHauHeu coBoicynHOCTb t3khx 3jie-
MeHTOB, KaK H3MeHeHHe BblCOTbl rOJIOCa (MejlOJJHKa) , pHTMHKa, OTHO-CHTeJlbHaa JJJIHTenbHOCTb   (HUH „KOnHMeCTBO") OTJjeJIbHMX 3ByKOB H
TeMÖpa rojioca toh hjih hhoh peneBoň enHHHUbi1. K 3thm noKa3arejiHM npaBOMepHo npßaBHTb erne h TeMnopanbHbie xapaKTepHCTHKH, CB«3aH-Hbie c njiHTejibHocTbio 3ByqaHHH yaapHbix rjiacHbix b ueHTpax HHTOHa-
UHOHHblX KOHCTpyKUHH, a TaKHCe 3ByqaHHfl CHHTaTM B 3ÜBHCHMOCTH OT
HX neKCHHecKoro o6ieMa. MHoroacneKTHocTb HHioHaimn onpenenaei ee KOMMyHHKaTHBHyio, ČMbicnoByio, a3biKOByio, aKycmqecKyio h ap-THKyjiHUHOHHyro 4)yHKHHH, mo h oÖycnasnHBaeT onpejj,eneHHe hhto-HeMbi KaK ,,CBH3aHHbiň nyqoK 3HaqeHHH oTflejibHbix npocojjHqecKHX BejiH^HH"1.
npaKTHKa noKa3broaeT, hto Hanobnee TpynHbíMH nna ycBocHna hbhhiotch cjieflyromiie noKa3aTenH HHTOHauHH:
1. APH»ceHHe TOHa b CHHTarMe;
2. ypOBeHb MenoiJHMecKOH BepuniHbi;
3. jiOKajiH3auHH TOHanbHoro MaKCHMyxia h MHHHMyMa b cHHiar-
Me;
4. HHTepBan nan,eHHH hjih noBbiuieHHa to na;
5. KpyiH3Ha nafleHHH hjih noBbiuieHHH TOHa;
6. JioKajiH3arjHfl MaKCH Man bHoň (mhhh Man bHO ň) hhtchchb ho cth b CHHTarMe;
7. njiHTenbHOCTb rnaBHoynapHoro cjiora;
8. o6uiaa njiHTenbHOCTb b ceň <J)pa3bi;
1 IlíepÔa JI. B. H 3 neicuHH no (poHeiHKe. - B kh.: JI. B. ÍUep6a. fl3tiKOBaji cHCTeMah peqeBaa u,eHTeJibHOCTb. JI., 1974, c. 158.
2 Cm.: HuKonaeea T. M. HHTOHauHÄ cnojKHoro npeflnoxceHHH b cnaBHHCKHx A3biKax. M., 1969, c. 16.
35
9. OTHOiueHHe re Mna k ofoeMy cocTaBnaroiuHx qacieo 4>pa3bi h 4>pa3bi b ueno m;
10. jiOKajiH3auHH cHHTarManmecKoro uneHeHHH.
OTMeMeHHbie KOMnoHeurbi moäho HaQnionaTb b TaKux peneBbix CTpyKTypax, Koxopbie nonyraioT MHTOHannoHHoe BbipaHceroie no cjie-nyioiUHM npH3HaxaM: uenocTHocTb BbicKa3biBaHHH (3aBepuieHH0CTb — He3aBepmeHHOCTb); KOMMyHHKaiHBHaa ycTaHOBKa (cooömeHHe, Bon-poc, no6y»cn,eHHe); KOMMyHHKaiHBHoe 3anaHHe (namioe — HOBoe), a Taioice HeKOTopwe npnojiHHTejibHbie cMbícnoBbie acneKTbi, HanpHMep, noHCHeHMe, npoTHBonocTaBjíeHHe.
Ouhoh H3 npoöneM oGyneroia HHTOHaintH aBnaeTca BbiGop Kpme-pHeB ee H3MepeHHa, pasjnweHHH h BocnpHHina. npaKTHnecKHH onwi UOCTaTOMHo yoeuHTenbHO noKa3an s^eKTHBHocTb oôyqeHHa pyccKon
HHTOHaUHH Ha 6a3e HHTOHaiTHOHHOH TeOpHH E. A. BpbI3ryHOBOH, OT-
Kpbffiuieň B03MOHCHocTb onHcaHHH pyccKoň HHTOHauHH b npenenax na-
TH (CCMh) HHTOHaUHOHHblX KOHCTpyKUHH1 .
yne6HbiH hHTOHannoHHbiH MaiepHaji npjiHceH BKmoqaib TaKHe no-HHTHH, KaK CHHTarwa, CHHTarMäTHMecKoe qneHeHHe, hhtoHauHOHHaa KOHCTpyKHHa (HK), ee uenrp, npenrj,eHTpoBaa h nocmeHipoBaa qäc-
TH, CpeflHHH TOH, OBHíKeHHe TOHa H flp. IlpH OTĎOpe H MeiOflHqecKOH
pa3pa6oTKe MaTepnana no HHTOHauHH BajKHo yqHTbmaTb Hepa3pbm-Hyw CBa3b: a) HHTOHauHH h CHHiaKCHca, 6) HHTOHauHH h aKTyanbHoro HjieHeHHH\ npH stom onpeuejiaiomHM HBnaeTca koMMyhhk^thbhmh npHHUHn oÖyqeHHH.
CßH3b HHTOHaUHH C CHHTaK CH CO M HBJIHeTCH OflHHM H3 fleÔCTBeH-
Hbix nyTeň noBbiineroiH 34>(peKTHBHocTH ee ycBoemia, HaôjiioneHHH noKa3biBaioT, mto cTpyKTypa h 4>opMa 3ByqaiuHX npennojKeHHH b 3Ha-qHTenbHOH CTenemi Mo^cei onpenejíHTb Bbiôop toto hjih hhoto rana HHTOHauHH. HanpHMep, BCTpeiaa naate b He3HaKOMOM reKcie ouho-CHHTarMeHHbie BonpocHTenbHwe npennoaceHHH c b o n po ch Ten bHMM cjiOBOM, HHOCTpaHeu npoH3HocHT ero KaK HK—2, 6e3 BonpocHTenbHoro cnoBa — KaK HK—3 h t. a. M ho ro cHHTarMeHHbie ko HCTpyK uhh TaK>Ke moucho HayqHTb HHTOHKpoBaTb c yqeTOM CHHTaK ch ca. B nOCOOHH K Kaac-flOMy rany HHTOHauHH OToGpaHbi cooTBeTCTByioiUHe cHnraKCHnecKue
KOHCTpyKUHH.
B ypoKe N° 6 BHHMaHHe KOHuemrpHpyeTca Ha Hanôonee th-rnrcHbix CHHTaK CH^e ckhx crpyKTypax, HHTOHHpye Mbix HK—1, a HMeHHo:
l.B onHOCHHTarMeHHOM npocTOM noBecTBOBaTenbHOM npenjioace-HHH   b  3KcnpeccHBHO  HeíÍTpajTbHOM KOHTeKCTe npH onHcaHHax:
1        1 1
H eouie/i e cad. Tuxo. Tlaxner i^eeraMu;
1 Epbi3eyHoea E. >í.3ByKH h hhtoh&iikji pyccKOft peiH. M., 1977.
2. nprnpíiMOH penn, Körna cnoBa asTopa HaxoflaTCH b npeno3H-
í i hhh: Oreit nwduji noeropHTb: I „PanpcTb b Tpyne";
3. bo Bcex cjiOHCHtix npennoaceHHHx, rfle nocjienyiomee pacKpbraa-
éT hjih flonoHHHeT cmwcji npeßbwymero. B nHCbMeHHoň pe^H 3necb
i      . i
oÖbiHHO Öbmaei aBoeTOMne: H ne ctoji eo3pajfcaTb: I nycTb zoeopur.
JleKiiUR na3bieajiacb tuk: \„0 nepcneKiueax oceoenua. KOCMunecKozo npocrpancTea ".
B ypoKe N° 11 0Tpa6aTHB,aeTCH ynoTpeoneHHe HK—3 h HK—4 Ha npHMepax noBecTBOBaxejibHoro npejrJioHceHHii. H3BecxH0, qro b noBecT-BOBHTdJibHOM npeflnojKeHHH HK-3 h HK-4 b He3aBepineHHbix CHHxar-
Max 06bIHHO He BbIpa>KaeT CMblCJlOBblX pasjTH^HH, a HHTOHaHHOHHaJI
oKpacKa 3THX CHHTarM 3aBHCHT OT xapaKTepa peneBoro KOHTeKCTa (b jkhboh, pa3roBopHOH pe^m HK-3, b nHKTopcKOH, CKjmiiHajibHo-no-BecTBOBaiejibHOH - HK 4).
TaKHM o6pa30M, npen;cxaBjiíieTCÄ bosmo^khmm peKOMeHnpBaxb HaHÔojiee cxaôHJibHbie cMHxaiccHqecKHe KOHCTpyKUHH, o&beßHHHB MK-3 h HK-4 npH hhtohüuhohhoh pa3MeTKe TeKcxa cHaiana b npocTOM, a 3aieM b cjiohchom npeanoHceHHHx. B npocroM flpycHHTarMeHHOM npeAno^ceHHH BbiflenaioxcH cjieflyromne chh-xarMbi:
1. rpynna noírneacamero b npeno3inmH. Monodan, Kpacueax
3-4 1 3-4
xentyUHa    I neomidüHHo eouiaa e 3oa. BbicoKoe 3ôanue na yzjiy I -
3TO nam Hoebiü Tearp;
2. oöcTOHTejibCTBeHHbie rpynnw h o6oco6jieHHbie o6cTOjrrejibCT-
3-4 .
Ba b npeno3HUHH. CoeceM 6jiu3ko ot canaropuR I npoTexana Manem-
1 3-4
kor peHKa. P08H0 e Hempe naca áwi I pa3dancn pe3KUŮ TzaefioH-1     _ 3-4 ,
HblU   360HOK.   IIoCMOTpee   ľlO   CTOpOHÜM,    I He3HÜKOM€U CKpblACM 1
e jiecy;
3. o6oco6neHHbie onpeaejieHHH h onpenejiHeMbie cjiOBa b npeno-
3 -4
3HHHH. Oh nodapun Mne Kuuey,    I HanucaHHyto 0t140m eine e panneu
1 3 ""4
MoaodocTU. 3tot oom, Tewibiü u nacxoebiü, I eceeáa npumeuea/i k
1 3-4 ceôe /iioaeü. Mcno/ineuHbie nyecrea eopdocru, I mm eo3epamajiucb c
1
OTôeTcreeHHoeo 3adanuR;
4. oÔocoôneHHbie aononHeHHH h rpynnw npnonHHeMMx *trieHOB
b npeno3HUHH, a xaKHce qjieHbi npeano^ceHHH nepea npeflnoraMH Kpo-
3 4
Me, noMUMO, 3a ucKatonenueM, eMecTo u dp. 3ry noeyto ea3y  I h
1 34 nocraejiK) Ha eudnoe Mecro. 3a ucKnwneHueM Heanoea, \ ece noexanu
3—4
na dKCKypcuw. íloexanu na DKCKypcuw ece, I 3a ucKmonenueM Heano-ea.
37
B cnoxcHOM npennoxceHHH c co^HHHTfjibhoh h non^HHHTejTbHOH
CBH3bK» BbiflenHioTCH b KaqecTBe oSbeKTa nna HHTOHHpoBaHHa cjie-aywmHe KOHCTpyKirHH:
1. nepßoe npeAJio>KeHHe b cjiojKHOcoqHHeHHOM npenno5KSHHH c coH>30M u npH Bbipa^eHHH nocjieaoBaTejibHOCTH hjth pe3ynbxaTHB-
3—4 1
HOCTH nefiCTBHH. ÖTeil, eepHy/lCH, I U MU3Hb CH06Ü 3ÜKUYiejia;
2. nepßoe npenno»ceHHe b cjiokhocomhhchhom npeanoacemiH npH   conocTaBJieHHH   hjth   npOTHsonocTaBjieHHH.   Bm noüdäre
3-4        , 1 3-4 1
neuiKOM, I aebi noedere. 3to moü öpai, I a eor cecrpa;
3. cjioKHonoaHHHeHHbie npeanoaceHHH c npeno3HimeH npHflaToqHo-
TO C COK)3aMH H COK)3HbIMH CJIOBaMH K02ÖU, YIOKÜ, eCJlU, HTOÖbl, TÜK
3-4 1
KdK, xom h ap. Koeda npuuuia Mapun, I na Meere hukozo m okü3ü-
3-4 1
nocb.   Eaiu   xoneuib , I eo3bMU 3tu KHueu.  Tük kük epeMenu
3-4 1
ne Öbuio, I r 0TKa3(uicH OT öu/iera e Tearp;
4. 6eccoK)3Hbie cjioacHonoa^HHeHHbie npenjiOHceHHH co 3HaqeHHeM
3-4 1
yCJIOBHH H BpeMeHH: UwÖUUib KüTClTbCn      I —JltOÖU U CdHOHKU 603UTb
3-4 1
(noen.). npouina nedejin, dpyean - edpye oh ne/uieTCx;
5. CJIOJKHOnOOTHHeHHbie npeaJT05KeHHH C COOTHOCHTeJIbHbIMH qneHa-
3-4
mh b maBHOH h npHaaToqHoö nacTHx: Mbi domo ne oreena/iu noroMy,
3-4 .
I hto dKÖajiu peiuemn eonpoca. Xo3huh tot, I kto Tpydurcx (M. ropb-
KUÜ).
ynpaacHeHHH nocrpoeHbi TaK, qro Ka>iyibiH H3 yKa3aHHbix xnnoB HHTOHaimoHHo-CHHTaKCHqecKHx dpyKTyp nporoßapHBaeTCfl h 3aicpen-aaexca crryaeHTaMH. yqamHeca aoaxcHbi HayqHTbca onpeaejiHTb Ha cjiyx
THn HHTOHaUHH H HaxOaHTb HÖHTp HK, yMdb caMOCTOHTejIbHO HHTaTb
TeKCT, cocTaBaeHHbm H3 onpeaeneHHbix CHHTaKcnqecKHx cxpyKTyp
H npOBOaHTb erO HHTOHaiTHOHHblH aHajTH3 H pa3MeTKy, 33KaHMHBaxb
npeanoaoeHHH, yiviexb TpaHC(J)OpMHpoBaTb npocxwe npenacmeHHa b cJiOHCHbie, yMeib nonb30Baxbcn aaHHbiM thuom HK b »chboh peqn.
Hapnay c opHeHTauHefi Ha cHHiaiccHc aenecoo6pa3Ha h Taicaa noaaqa Maxepnajia, npn koxodoh ocymecTBJiaeTca Bbiaenemie OTaenb-hwx HHxoHauHOHHbix xeM Ha 6a3e cTpyKTypHo-ceMaHTHqeckhx Moae-nefi. TaK, HanpHMep, hct HeoöxoaHMociH paccMaxpHBaTb b Kaqecrae cnermajibHOH xeMbi qeTBepiyio HHTOHaniioHHyio KOHCTpyKnHio HK-4a b 3MoiTHOHajibHo oKpauieHHOM CTHJie peqn. B npaKiHqecKHx nenax aaH-HbiH THn HHTOHanHH Jiyquie oGbeaHHHTb c apyrHMH HK, ynoTpeöjiH-kuithmhch npn nepeqHcjieHHH, KaK sto npeanaraeTca b ypoKe N° 13. npH 3tom coxpaHHeTCii h cHHTaKCHqecKaa TeMa — oaHopoaHbie qneHbi npeanoKeHHH.
06men tcmoh BbiaenaeTca HHTOHanHH BonpocHTenbHoro npenao-5KeHH« (ypoK N° 15), Kyaa BxoaflT npeano>KeHHH c nepecnpocoM, noB-
38
Topeßne Bonpoca npH oTBere, soirpoc c ottchkom TpeÖoBaroiH h Bonpo-cHTejibHbie KOHCTpyKUHH c npHcoenHHHTenbHbiM COI03OM a. Bce 3TH cTpyKTypbi HHTOHHpyioTCH b MafieHbKHX CMTyaTHBHbix nHänorax. IX&Jib ypoKa — HayMHTb yqaiimxcH npaBHjibHO HHTOHHpoBaTb BonpocHTenbHbie npewiojKßHHH pa3Hbix nmoB b AHajionmecKoň pew.
IIpaKTHqecKHH onbrr noKa3bmaeT, «no yqaimiMCH Bcex HauHOHajib-hoctch BnojiHe AOCTynHo OBJiafleHHe nnTbio mnaMH HHTOHauHOHHbix KOHCTpyKUHH Ha peneBOM MaTepnane rnaBHbiM o6pa30M sKcnpeccHBHO HeHTpajibHoro coflepacaHHH. HanÔonburyío TpyflHOCTb jjjih HHOCTpaHHbix ynaiUHXCH npencTaBnaeT OBJiafleHHe hhto Hannen jkhboto oôineHHH (a He TeKCTOBoro MaTepnana, npennaraeMoro jjjih paôoTbi b aynHio-pHH), h sto oöycnoBJieHO Tew, tno CMbícnoBoň h SKcnpeccHBHbiň ac-
neKTbl HHTOHailHH Hepa3pbffiHO CBH3aHbI, npenCTaBJlHH COÔOH CJlO)KHbIH
KOMiDieKc 3MonHOHajibHO-HHTejDieKTyaiibHoro npoHBjieHHH qenoBeKa, rne Ba>KHO Bce: MenonHKa pe^n, TCMÔp rojioca, pHXM BbicKa3biBaHHH, no3a h xcecT, MHMHKa h nay3a.
HHTonaiiHH cBH3aHa c BHyTpeHHHM MHpoM qejiOBeKa, c MHpOM ero Mwcjien h qyBCTB, o Ha 0Tpa>Kaei 3tot MHp tcmh yHHKajibHbiMH peqe*
BblMH CpeflCTBaMH, KOTOpbie CBOHCTBeHHbl He TOJlhKO flaHHOMy H3bIKy, HO H flaHHOMy HHflHBHfly. JJjIH HOCHTejIH H3bIKa HHTOHHpOBaHHe (})pa3 —
ecrecTBeHHMH nponecc, crarvtynOM jjjih Koroporo HBjiaeTCH peqeBan ch-TyauHH, opraKH^ecKH cjiHBaiomaHCH c šmouhoHanbHbiM h cmmcjiobum nnaHOM BbicKa3bB3aHHfl. HocHTenb H3biKa BJiafleeT HHTOHauHen HHTyH-THBHO, eMy He npHxonHTcn 3anyMbiBaTbca Hafl HHTOHHpOBaHHeM <J>pa3, ho b onpenejieHHbix CHTyauHHx, Korfla HHTOHaiiHfl CTaHoBHTCH oöbeK-tom aHajiH3a h MOflennpoBanHH, naace HocHTenb H3buca HcnbiTbißaeT ÖonbiHHe TpyflHocTH (HanpHMep, aKTep, H3y^aiomHH ponb). Ka>Kflbiö
H3 HaC B nOBCeflHeBHOÖ KH3HH TOBOpHT Ha pyCCKOM H3bIKe HaCTOflbKO
ecTecTBeHHo h, b 3tom cMbicne, Bwpa3HTejibHo} *rro ecnn 6bi KaKoň-HH-öyflb aKTep flenan to ace caMoe Ha cueHe, to ero no cnpaBenjiHBOCTH mo>kho 6bino 6bi CHHiaTb BbiflaiouiHMCH aKTepoM1. Bot noneMy hhoct-paHuy 6brBaeT TpyflHO nonyBCTBOBaTb Ha qyaooM H3biKe uryTKy, Hpo* HHK), pa30^ap0BaHHe, yBaxcemie, noBepHe, HenpBepHe, t. e. iy cTopoHy HHTOHaiTHH, KOTOpyio, no onpeflejieHHio Jl. B. Iliepöw, „mm yMeeMBbi-paacaTb b peqH, ho 4)OHeTHKa KOTopbix He H3yqeHa2
OßnafleHHe hhto Hannen bojieH3T>HBjieroih h sKcnpeccHH qpe3Bbi* nrnno TpyflHO fljiÄ HHOCTpaHHbix y*iannixcH. EflHHHflbi fljin H3MepeHHH
HHTOHaUHH 3MOUHH pa3pa60TaHbI eme HeflOCTaTOHHO, OHeBHflHO, B CHJiy
ee TeKy^ecTH h cyöbeKTHBHoro xapaKTepa OKpacKH. HHTOHauHH 3KC-npeccHH HHflHBHflyanbHa,   h6o BOcnpHHine pew oöycnoBJieHO ne
Cm.: ApreMoe B. A.   flcHxonorHÄ o6yqeHHÄ  HHocipaHHbiM jejmkžim. MriIHHfl, M., 1966, c. 337.
2lflep6a Jl. B. OoHeiHKa 4>paimy3CKoro íisMKa. JL, 1937, c.128.
39
TOJibKO ee CMHciioBHM côjíep5KaHHeM, ho h ncHxononwecKHM cKJia-flOM jih wo era. KpoMe Toro, BocnpHHTHe raKoro BHfla HHTOHauHH cbh-3aHO c BocnpHHTHeM h TeMÖpoBOH oKpacKOH rojioca, co3naioineH ero HenoBTOpHMOcTb h He norwawmezcfl MoaejiHpoBaHHio.
TnaBHbie TpynnocTH npH o6yqeHHH MonajibHO-SKcnpeccHBHOH hh-
TOHaiTHH CBH3aHbI C OTCyTCTBHeM eKHHHU, nJIH ee H3MepeHHH, a TaK>Ke 3TajTOHOB WIH HJIHIOCTpaiIHH. B 3TOÍÍ CBH3H UeHHblM flOnOJIHeHHeM K IIH-TH HHTOHaUHOHHbIM KOHCTpyKITHHM, pa3pa5oTaHHbiM E. A. Epbi3ryH0-Boii, hbjihkitcji HK-6 h HK-7 ajih BbipaaceHHii onpeneuieHHbix smouho-HanbHO-peMeBbix ottchkob b jioKajibHo OHepqeHHbix CHTyauHHX. Mohcho Hcnojib30BaTb, HanpHMep, HK-6 ana BbipaaceHHH 3KCnpeccHBHO Hacbi-
UieHHblX npH3HaKOB, COCTOKHHH H fleHCTBHH, H TaKJKe KOHCTpyKHHH
c MecTOHMeHHbiMH cjioBaMH (ynoTpeGnHroiirHMHca Hapany c HK-5)
H CJIOBaMH TUK, tqkoü, TdKOR, TÜKU6. HK-7 — flJIÄ BblpaHCeHHH HCB03-MOHCHOCTH npH3HaKa, COCTOHHHfl H JIH neÖCTBHH, üpH yCHJieHHH yTBep->KAeHHfl    HJIH    OTpHIiaHHH.    IlpH    nOMOLHH    3THX HHTOHaUHOHHblX
KOHCTpyKUHH M05KHO Bbipa3HTb TaKHe 3MOHHH, KaK panocTb, HeaoyMe-
1 6 6
Hne h ap. , HanpHMep: ÍIoneMy oh ne no3eoHwi?, Kaxoü cyn eicyc-
6 7 t
Hbiü!, OrdoxnyTb nado!, JJa ne eude/ia n hukoboi, Taxou npuxmbiu HenoeeKl
OBJianeHHe MonajibHO-3KcnpeccHBHOH HHTOHanjieo npoHCXonHT
HMHTaTHBHbIM nyTCM H DiaBHblM 06pa30M 33BHCHT OT My3bIKaJIbHOľO
cjiyxa ynaiuHxca, h6o Hanoojibuiyio 3Ha^íHMOCTb b 3tom mne HHTOHaiiHH wrpaeT MenonHKa penn h njiHTejibHocTb rnacHbix b ueHipax HK. HeManOBaacHO HayMHTb y^aiirtixcH BoenpHHHMaTb kohtckct h onpeae-jieHHbie jieKCHqecKHe cpeacraa (HanpHMep, BonpocHTejibHbie qaciHiibi h C0K)3bi xce, pa3ee, neyoKenu, nu, a, ho, da h ap.) : Pü3ee ona CKa3ona?
2
(HeyBepeHHocTb, HeflOBepne). Heyoicenu om cKa3ona? (ynHBJieHHe).
A edpye oHaaca3a/ia? (onaceHHe). JJa ona/iu CKa3a/ia? (coMHeHHe).
Ho eedb ona cxa3ajia? (yBepeHHocTb).
üeneHHe HHTOHaiiHH Ha CMbicnoByio h 3MOHHOHajibHyio BecbMa ot-HOCHTejibHo, h6o b xchboh peiH BCTpe^iaioTca aÖcojiioTHO HeÖTpanbHbie
HJIH TOJIbKO 3KCnpeCCHBHO OKpaUieHHbie HHTOHaiiHH. B CaMOM cnoKoü-
HOM nnajiore hjih noBecTBOBaHHH nejioBeic BwpaKaeT mmcjih, npo-nymeHHbie qepe3 ero TBopqecKoe ,,chto", T.e. onocpeacTBOBaHHbie ero HHAHBHnyajibHOCTbio. TeM He MeHee b yneÖHbix uejiflx nano npoBonHTb TaKoe wieHeHHe, a npn OBnaaemiH HHTOHarmeň smouhh uenecoo6pa3HO BbiaeneHHe oTflenbHbix ee KaTeropnö (ynHBJiemie, paaocTb, coMHeroie, oSnaa, raeB, CTpax h t. fl.), a Taioiee BOjieH3bHBjieHHH (npocb6a, yrpo3a, npHKa3, npHrjiauieHHe, npH3biB, TpeSoBaroie h t. a-).
1 Epbi3eynoea E. A. 3ßyKH h HHTOHamw pyccKoft pew. M., 1977, c. 205-
209
40
B ynpajKHCHHHX ypoKOB (b mscthocth, ypoK N°16) nporoBapHBaeT-CH MHoroo6pa3HLiň cHTyaTHBHO-nHajiorHMecKHH MaTepHan (b ochob-hom MHHHanopbi-ioMopeciai) c 3anaHHHMH TBopMecKoro xapaKTepa, npoBopHTCH npocnyiuHBaHHe h memie OTpbiBKOB h3 npoH3BeneHHH xyfloacecTBeHHOH jiHTepaiypw. 3ia paÔOTa npoBOnHTCH b uenax 03Ha-
KOMJieHHfl yHaillHXCH  C HHTOHaimeH  5KHBOH  pe*ni B CneUJKJJHieCKHX
„3MOu;HOHanbHbix" CHTyauHííx.
OflHOH H3 HaHÖojiee TpyAHbix jjjih. HHOCTpaHueB peneBbix Kaiero-pHÖ HBjiHeTCH CHHTarManmecKoe MTieHeHne 4>pa3 c co&uofleHHeM Hx pHTMH^ecKoá HanojiHfleMOCTH. 3tot MaTepHan conep>KHTCíi b mecT-HamiaTOM ypoKe h CBH3broaeTCH c zmyMíi moMeHTaMHi a) TeMn peqH h 6) aKTyajibHoe MneHeHne 4>pa3bi npH HajíHTOH hbohhoh cHHTaKCH-
3 1
HecKoň CBH3H rana Kuk oöpadoean ux I npue3d dereü h KaK oöpado-
3 . 1
eon ux npue3d I dereü.
Chiana npopaÖaTbrnaioTCH ynpaacHeHHH Ha ycKopeHHe TeMna pew no Mepe yBejiHHeHHH oGbeMa CHHTarMbi, npH 3tom ueHTp HK KaK ocTa-eTCH HeH3MeHHbiM, TaK h nepenBHraeTCÄ. npoBonjocH 3aKpenneHHe
y Me HM H   HHTOHHpOBaTb   O JTHO CHHTarMeHHbie    (J)pa3bl, 0(JX)pMJieHHbie
cjio^KHbiM BonpocHTenbHbiM npennoxeHHeM, THna: Tu ne 3meuib, ede moü 30HT? 06pamaeTCH BHHMaHHe Ha 3Ha*ieHHe nopHiiKa cjiob npH me~
3 1
HeHHH b T3KHX cjryiaflx, KaK IJoKa Mbi eoeopunu, aeroöyc yiue/i viAß-Toöyc ywea, noxa mm eoeopwiu. TeMnopanbHbiexapaKTepHCTHKH hh-
TOHaUHH pejlbe<J)HO BblpaHCeHbl B 4>pa3aX C BBOHHblMH KOHCTpyKHHHMH.
B stoh CBH3H uenecoo6pa3Ha OTpaôoTKa MaTepnajia Ha memie npeano-jkchhh c BBOflHbiMH cjioBaMH. CMbicnopa3JTHMHTejibHyio pojib qneHeitHH
npH HajIHHHH aBOHHOH CHHTaKCHMeCKOH CBH3H M05KHO noKa3aTb Ha npn-
Mepax b ynpajKHeHHH N" 16 (onHoro ynpaJKHeHHH npcTaTOHHo, qro6bi no3HaKOMHTb y^amnxcH c 3Thm peqeßbiM HBJieHHeM, h6o b npaKTHKe
Ä3bIKOBOrO OÔmeHHfl TaKHe (J>aKTbI BCTpe^aiOTCJI HOBOJIbHO peftKO). npH  06y^eHHH H HO CTpaHHblX yMaiUHXCfl pa3HbIM ranaM HHTOHaUHH
HeoÖxonHMo ywrbmani oTßejibHbie ocoöeHHOCTHH rpyjmocTH, CBH3aH-
Hbie   C  OBnafleHHeM  TOH  HJIH  HHOH  HHTOHaUHOHHOH KOHCTpyKHHeH.
TaK, HanpHMep, npn OTpa&OTKe HK-1 oneHb BaacHbiM momchtom ab ji hutch nnHTenbHOCTb rnacHoro b ueHTpe HK. B uejiOM peKOMeH-nyioTCfl cneAViomHe bkom paöoT: HHTOHHpOBaHHe 4>pa3 c nepeaBHJKe-HHeM ueHTpa HK hjih c nepecTaHOBKOž cjiob (b nenax conocTaBJieHHK hx pHTMH^ecKHX pHcyHKOß), noncraHOBKa nponymeHHbix nonneaca-itjhx HjiH cKa3yeMbix b flpycocTaBHbix noBecTBOBaTenbHbix npeflno-5K6HHHX, HTeHHe npeWIOHCeHHÖ H CBH3HHX TeKCTOB, nporoBapHBaHHe aKTHBHO-peseBbix jJieMeHTOB c yneTOM ôbixoBbix CHTyairHÜ h3 >kh3hh CTyaeHTa, TpemipoBKa b yMeraiH Hcnonb30BaTb HK-1 b npaKTmce
KOMMyHHKaUHH H flp.
41
Bo b to poň HHTOHauHOHHOH KOHCTpyíOMH (h ee BapwaHTe 2a) Ha-pnny c BonpocHTejibHWM npennojKeHHeM uenecoo6pa3Ha oTpaôbT-Ka HK-2 h b noBecxBOBaTejibHOM npenno>KeHHH: eam roBOpniunň xo-MeT JiorHqecKH BbmejiHTb KaKoe-jiHôo oiobo hjih npOTHBonocraBHTb eMy flpyroMy, rana: 3ro oh CKa3Cui.
IlocneAOBaTenbHocTb pacnono jkchhh MaTepnana b ynpa>KHeHHflx oÖvcjiOBneHa npHHunnoM B03pacTaiomeH TpynHocra: a) npocjiyiim-B3HH6 h noBTOpeime npHMepoB Ha THromHbie aiyqaH HK-2 c pa3HbiMH BonpocHTejibHbiMH cnoBaMH: ľde, kto, hto, cko/iöko, 3<meM, kükoü, Kydá, OTueao, d/ui kozo, c kcm, OTKyda, nonejny h t. a.; 6) npocnyiiiH-BaHHe h BocnpoH3BeneHHe cnyqaeB c nepenBHaceHHeM ueHTpa HK b BonpocHTejibHOM npeAnoÄeHHH; b) onpeneneHHe ueHTpa HK Ha oiyx; r) onpefleneHHe ueHTpa HK b ohhhx h Tex ace npennojKeHHax b 3aBH-CHMOCTH OT noraijecKoro aKueHTa; a) caMOCTOHTejibHoe HHxoHHpoBa-HHe 4>pa3 c HK-2, onpeAeneHne b hhx ueHTpoB HK; TpeHHpoBKa b yMCHHH ynoTpeôJíHTb HK-2 b hchboh penn; e) npocnyuiHBaHHe h no-BTOpeHHC (J)pa3 c HK-2a; >k) černie h hhto Hanno HHbiň an an h 3 njiajio-roB Ha ÖbiTOBbie TeMbi (BCTpe^a rocTeö, acH3Hb ciyňeHTa) -
B TpeTbeň hhtoHannohhoh koHCTpykuhh HaHÖonburyio xpynHocTb pjiÄ yqaiuHxcH pa3Hb[x HaimoHanbHocTeíf npeACTaBJíHeT OBjíaAeHHe Meno ahkoh npH pe3KOM noBbiuieHHH ypOBHH BbicoTbi to Ha b n,eHTpe HK no cpaBHeHHK) c npenyAapHOH qacrbio h ero pe3Koe naAeHne b 3ayn,ap-HOH qacTH HK. HeMeHbiuaa cno>KHOCTb — oBJíaflemie nnHTejibHOCTbio nracHoro suempeHK.
OTpaÖOTKa npOH3HOLUeHHH HaqHHaeTCfl  C HHTOHHpOBaHHfl OHHO-
cocTaBHbix BonpocHTenbHbix npennoKeHHH, BbipaaceHHbix CHaiana ofl-Hocno>KHbiMH, a 3aieM npycno>KHbiMH H MHorocnpjKHbiMH cnoBaMH H3
3 3
aKTHBHoro cnoBapH yMamnxcH, rana: MucruryT?, Kuuza? Bľopo3ň 3Tan - BKJiioHeHHe 3thx cjiob bo qbpa3bi, rana: CKa3cuia? Mapua cKa3a~ na? TpeiHH — caMocTOHTejibHoe HTenne npeAAoxceHHH, onpeaejieHHe
HeHTpOB HK B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT BOnpOCOB—OTBeTOB. ^eTBepTbffl — HHTOHHpOBaHHe OHHHaKOBblX npenjIOJtCeHHH B 3 3B H CH MO CTH OT CHBHra
ueHTpa HK. ÜHTbin — npeo6pa30BaHHe HK-1 b HK-3, ranaSro oh. 3to
oh? UlecTOH — HTeHHe řmajioroB Ha 6biTOBbie h CTpaHOBennecKHe TeMbi, TpeHHpoBKa b y\íemw ymTpe&iňľb HK-3 b npaKiwce xcHBOro 06-meHHH.
B ypOKe Heo6xoflHMO BBeAemie HK-3 b BonpocHTOibHOM npenno-5KCHHH, coflepjKameM cok)3 u/iu, a TaK5Ke cocTOflmeM h3 ab y x qaeren,
3 a 3
rana: Bum ww \uau Kocße? Bbi ne 3naere, kük npoüru na eoK3cui?T2r
KHe KOHCTpyKUHH OCBaHBaWTCH yMaiUHMHCfl c TpyAOM, BMecTe  c TeM
3TH ranw HK aKTHBHO ynoTpeoJiHioTCfl b AHanonroecKoň peiH.
ilOAana TpeTbeň hhto Hanno hh oh ko HCTpy kuhh b noBecraoBaTenb-HOM npennojKeHHH (b HeKOHenHoň cHHTarMe) npennaraeTCH npyMH 3Ta-
42
naMH*. b ypoKe N° 9 — 3H3Komctbo c McnonHKoň, nepBircHoe BocnpH-
HTHe cHHTarM, HHTOHHpyeMbix, KaK HK-3. CHaqana npoBonHTCH He-Gojibinoe noBTOpeHHe Ha MaTepwane BonpocHTenbHoro npenno>KeHHH 6e3 BonpocHTejibHoro cnoBa. 3aTe\i conocraneHHe hbh^<6hhh TOHa ot HK-1 k HK-3 b BonpocHTejibHOM h noBecTBOBaiejibHOM npennoÄeHHH,
13 3
rana AyduwpuH. AyduTopwi? Hama aydumpuR I- cqmoji ydoöuan e UHCTUTyre. 3aTeM npocnyuiHBaHHe h aHajTH3 ranHHHbix KOHCTpyKUHH c HK-3 b He3aBepmeHHoň cHHTarMe.
MeTBepTan hhtoHannohhíih KOHcipyrcuHÄ npencTaBjieHa Ha MaTe-pHane HenonHoro BonpocHTenbHoro npeano^ceHHfl c cok)3om a, rana
4 4
A noe3ÔKa? A sKCKypcwi? BHHMaHHe yqamnxcH oGpamaeTCH He TOJib-KO Ha nBH>KeHHe TOHa, ho h Ha nnHTejibHocTb 3ByqaHHH yaapHoro rnacHoro b ueHTpe HK. ynpaaoieHHH nocipoeHbi rnaBHbiM o6pa30M b KOHTeKCTe, b ManeHbKHx nnajiorax, coAepJKaiuHx aKXHBHbie pe^eBbie enHHHiibi no aKTyajibHo-cHTyaTHBHoii TeMaTHKe.
BapnaHT neTBepTOH hhto Hanno hhoh ko HCTpyKUHH HK-4a, koto pan ynoTpeQnHeTCH npn nepe<nicneHHH b 3MOimoHajibHo oKpaineHHom crane peMH, KaK y>Ke roBOpHJiocb, b yqeoHbix uennx uejiecoo6pa3Ho o6t>-eoHHHTb c flpyraMH HK, ynoTpeöninomHMHCH npn nepeHHcneHHH (isia-Tepnan ypOKa N° 13). IJenb ypoKa — OBjianeHHe MHoroo6pa3HeM hh-TOHauHH npn nepeHHoieHHH. B ynpa>KHeHHHx npHBOAHTCH Taiaie npH-Mepw, Ha KOTopwx ynaiuHecH yqaTca 6wcTpo nepeicnioHaTbCH c onHoro
1 3
rana HK Ha npyrou, HanpHMep: Mbi Kynwiu Meöeab: \ciy/ibJi, \cro-
33 3 4 1
nu, \ dea uiKa<fiat dee Kpoeam, I TyMÖoHKu I u duean, HHTOHHpoBaHHe HK-4a npOBOflHTCH Ha npHMepax np03anMecKHx h nosthmcckhx TeK-
CTOB, npH 3 TO M BHHMaHHe OÖpaiuaeTCH Ha HHTOHaUHK) KaK cpen,CTBO
Bbipa3HTejibHOCTH penn, ee 6oraTCTBa.
IlflTafl HHTOHauHOHHaH KOHCTpyKUHH OTpaÖaTbroaeTCH Ha npHMepe BocKJiHuaTejibHwx npenno>KeHHH c 3MouHOHajibHoň oKpacKoň (o6biHHo
C OTHOCHTeJIbHbIMH  MeCTOHMeHHHMH CKOflbKO, kük, KäKOU, HTO 3ü H
Ap.). 06pamaexcH BHHMaHHe Ha Heo 6xo ah mo CTb npaBHJibHoro hhtohh-
2
pOBaHHH, TaK KaK 3T0 HMeeT CMbicnopa3jraqHTenbHoe 3HaqeHHe: KaKao-
eopuT? u KaK zoeopm! J],aioTCH pa3Hbie ynpa>KHeHHH Ha conocraBJieHHe ABHÄeHHH npH HK-2 h HK-5.
B AaHHOM nocoĎHH TeMa „HHTOHauHH" npeACTaBjieHa TpeMH koh-ueHTpaMH: c uiecToro no ceMHanuaTbiň ypoK — ochobhoh MaTepnan, b BoceMHaAuaroM h ač b hmannato m — 3aKpenneHHe, a b npaAUaTOM — noBTOpeHHe no BceM ranaM hhtoHannoHHbix KOHCTpyKUHH h CHHTar-MaiHMeckoMy qneHeHHio.
K ynpa>KHeHHHM 20 ypoKa He naeTCH cnennajibHO OToSpaHHbix npH-MepoB Ha tot hah HHOH ran HK, uejib ypoKa — npoBepHTb yMeHHe yqa-iuhxch BoenpHHHMaTb Ha cnyx h npaBHJibHo onpeAennTb b cHinraKCH-
43
qecKHX cTpyKTypax h b kohtckctc HSBecTHwe hm bham HHTOHaimn, a Taiotce yMcrb HneraiTb Ha CHHTarMbi h npaBKJibHo HaxonHTb uemrpbi HK. TeKCTOBOö MaTepnaji pa3Hoo6pa3eH no conep»caHHío h 3mouho-HanbHOH oKpacKe. Ilo HeMy yqaiiwecfl MoryT npoBepHTb csoe BoenpHH-THe pew, MOHonorHMecKoň h jjHanorHqecKOH, nosíHnecKH-SKcnpeccHB-HOH h npo3aHqecKH-HeHTparibHOH, 3MOHHOHanbHO OKpameHHOH yaiOBH-HMH KOHKpeTHOH anyaimH h OTBneneHHo oimcaTejibHOH. TeKCTbi ypo-Ka HH<jx>pMaTHBHo HacbimeHbi, 3aK7iK)HaioT b ceôe aneivicHTbi He TOJibKO no3HaBaTejibHo-CTpaHOBeflHecKoro nnaHa, ho h oKa3biBaioT onpeneneH-Hoe BOcmrraTejibHoe B03fleňcTBHe (HanpHMep, OTpbiBOK H3 poMaHa. A. TojicToro „Xo)jgieHHe no MyicaM", oipbiBOK H3 paccKa3a M. Illono-xoBa „PonHHKa" h np.).
PaöoTa BeneTCfl Ha Maiepnajie, npenycMaTpHBaromeM pemeHne KoMnneKCHbix 3aaaH: 3aKpenneHHe tcm ypoKOB no npoH3HomeHHio h ynapeHHK). JlaiOTCH 3anaHHH TBopqecKoro xapaKTepa (mna: „Cnpo-cure eaiueao coceda: awÔut nu oh rearp; Kuk doexan do Kpacnou wioiuadu"h t. n.). Bonbiuoe MecTO 3aHHMaeT menne npo3aHHecKHx h
nO3THxieCKHX OTpbIBKOB H3 npOH3BefleHHH COBCTCKOH H pyCCKOH KJiaC-
CHHecKOH nHTepaTypw, npoBojjHTCH hHTOHannoHHan pa3MeTKa TeiccTa, ero MneHeHHe Ha cHHTarMbi, 3aywHBaHHe a(J)opH3MOB h flpynie bhjjli pa-6ot. MaTepnan noBTopeHHH cnocoScTByeT 3aKpenjieHHKi HaBbiKOB hh-TOHHpoBaHHH, nonyqemibix b npenbinyumx padoTax, oh pa3Hoo6pa3eH no TeKCTOBOMy coflep>KaHHK), BKnio»iaeT noaimiecKHe npoH3BeneHHH, CTaBinne pOMaHcarvm h necHHMH, 3HaKo mht h ho ct paHHbi x yqamnxCÄ c HCTopneň coBeTCKoro Hapona, ero KyjibTypoň h omtom, c cobctckhm HejioBeKOM — CTpoHTeneM KOMMyHH crane cicoro o6njecTBa.
npH HeflOcraTKe BpeMeHH Maiepnaji noBTopeHHH moäho hjih He Hcnojib30BaTb, mm o6pamaibCH k Herviy BwöopOMHo, c yqeTOMOCOÔeH-HocTeö paooTbi c OTnejibHbiMH Hanno Han mimmh rpynnaMH.
y PO K N" 1
ľJlACHblE 3BYKM [a, o, y, bi] nOA yAAPEHMEM
r/iacHbiŕí 3ByK [a]
Bce macHbie 3ByKH pyccKoro H3biKa npoH3HOCHTca imaBHo, 6e3 npHCTyna. B pyccKOM H3biKe OTcyrcxByioT nojirae h KpancHe rjiacHwe
3ByKH.
IIpH npOH3HeceHHH rnacHoro [a] ryöbi paccnaôjieHbi, He oKpyrne-Hbi h He BbiTHHyTbL H3bnc He HanpaxcéH, He OTOABHHyr Ha3aa, a cno-KOHHO jie>KHT Ha nne nonocTH pTa.
YnpajKHeHMe 1. CnyiuaňTe, noBTopaôTe.
A-a-a, na, 6a, Ba, 4>a, Ma, Ha, 3a, ca, na, pa, ra, Ka, xa; naM, 6aM, BaM, 4>aM, MaM, HaM, 3aM, caM, naM, paM, raM, Karvt ria-an, 4>a-a<J), Ma-aM, Ha-aH, ca-ac, Ka-aK, xa-ax.
ynpaxaieHHe 2. IlpocnyiiiaftTe h npoH3Hecirre cnoBa.
MaK, nap, flaM, flaň, Ta m, HaM, caM, Man, Hac, Man, dap, aKT, BaM, 3an, Bac, nap, ôap, Ban, 6ac.
ynpaxHeHHe 3. npowrafiTe npeanoacemw.
Poc MaK. TaM 3an. TaM 6ap. Maň h MapT. y Bac 6ac. Bot paK. Oh cTap.
ynpawHeHHe 4. Pa3Jm«aňTe 3ByKH [a] - [o].
JJa-flo, Ta-to, Ha-ho; Hac — hoc, Man — moji, Maň — moh, 3an — 3on, CTan — ctoji, caM — com, TaK — tok, TaM — tom, MaK — mok, flan - flow, flaM — no m, pan — po n1, paK — po k, Ban — boji, 6ac— 6oc, 6aK — 6b k.
YnpajKHeHHe 5- IIpomrrattTe n pe Anoxemia.
3an TaM. Moň MaK. Bot no m. Bot paK. Y npMa boh. Tom pan.
JlOM TaM.
1 B pyccKOM H3biKe KOHcmue 3BOHKHe comacHue omymaioTCH. HanpH-Mep: pad [paT], Ktiyô [iciyn], zjia3 [mac] h t. a., o »km 6yaeT roBopim,ca b ypoKe N9 3.
45
TjiacHbivi 3ByK [o]
DiacHbrii [o] na6HanM30BaHHhiH: ry6w npMHHMajoT aKTHBHoe ynac-THe npH ero npoH3HouieHHH. 3ByK [o] HeonHoponeH b nponecce 3ByMa-hhh: oh npoH3HOCHTCH c HaqanbHbiM npH3ByKOM [y], HanpHMep: oh, eon.
ynpawHemie 6. CnyuiattTe, noBTopflttTe.
O-o-o, no-no, on-on, bo-bo, qbo-<po, oqVotJ), mo-mo, om-om, ho-ho,
OH-OH, CO-CO, OC-OC, 30-30.
YnpaHCHemie 7. CjiymaftTe, npoH3HecHTe cnoBa cynapHMM [o].
Bop, noT, non, (Jxjh, boh, bot, tot, 3boh, .Uoh, qom, oh, Tom, TOCT, MOH, TBOii, CBOH, 30HT, hoc, coh, com, 5qk, cok, roA-
YnpaiKHeHHe 8- CnymaftTe h noBTopflftTe npeanoMceHiw. HHTaftTe.
BOT flOM. AOM HOB. y AO Ma MOCT. MOH HOC MOH pOT. TOM TOJICT.
Bot cnoH. J\m 3oht. 3to kot. Bot cok. TaM Ron. TaM moct. YnpajKHeHHe 9. CnyuiattTe, noBTop«HTe. Pa3JiHiaflTe 3ByKH [o - a].
J0[om —naM, pOK — paK, hoc — Hac, Tom — TaM, 6ok — 6ax, moji — Man, 3on — 3an, mot — Mar, pOT — pan, com — caM.
niacHbift 3ByK [y]
IIpH npoH3HeceHHH 3ByKa [y] ry6w OKpymeHbi h craibHO bbiTHHy-tw Bnepe'n (6onbme, neM npn [o]), ho He HanpnaceHbi. H3wk OTTHHyT Ha3an, ero 3aAHflfl nacn. bmcoko nonHHTa KBepxy.
YnpajKHeHHe 10. CnyiuaBTe, noBTopflflie.
y-y-y, Hy-yn, 6y-y6, ny-yn, My-yM, (py-yqS, cy^yc, Ky-yK, ny-ey, Ty-ny, 4>y-By, cy-3y; My-My, Hy-Hy, ry-ry, Ky-Ky.
YnpaxaieHHe 11. CnyuiattTe, npoH3HecHTe cnoBa.
Cyn, cyK, cyx, cTyK, cyfl, CTyn, nyK, nyx.
YnpaMmeHMe 12. npoHHTattTe, cjieflHxe 3anpoH3HoiueHHeM [y].
Bot nyK. Bot cyn. Cyn Tyr. CyK cyx. 3to yxo. CTyK-CTyx. Ky-Ky! My-My! Hy-Hy!
YnpajKHemie 13. CnyuiattTe, noBTOpHttTe. Pa3jnmaHTe 3ByxM [a-o-y].
Mon — Myn jiaK — nyK ctoh — ciyn
can— cyA tot— TyT aoji — nyn
cox — cyx cok — cyK cnn — cyn
46
rnacHbiň 3ByK [bi]
rjiaCHblH 3ByK  [bl]  npOH3HOCHTCfl C BblCOKHM nOJJbČMOM 3aJJHeH
qaciH H3WKa, KaK npn [y], ho npn 3tom ry6w He npHHHMaiot yqaciHH
B apTHKyjIHHHH, OHH He BMTHHyTbl H He OKpyTJieHbl.
ApTHKyjiHUHK) 3ByKa [bi] xopomo HaoJiionaTb npH cjihthom npo-H3HeceHHH 3ByKOB [h] — [w], Korná pe3KO omymaeTCH ABH>KeHHe H3biKa Bnepen — Ha3aa.
rnacHbiň [bi] HHKorna He ynoTpe&iHeTcn b Haqane cnoBa, oh Bce-rfla ooqeTaeTca TOjibKO c TBěpnbíMH comacHbíMH (Óbicrpo, cadbi). 3byK [bi] npoH3HocHTca b cjioBax, HaqHHaiouuixch macHbíM h , eaiH nepen, tbkhmh cnoBaMH ecTb cny>Ke6Hbie cnoBa, OKaHqHBaKnimecH TBepnjbíM comacHbíM. HanpHMep: c HeauoM, m uzpbi, nod uzom npo-
H3HOCHTCH: c[bl\eaHOM, u3[bl]epbl,   nod [bl] zom.    IIpH OTCyTCTBHH
nay3 Mečeny cnoBaMH h npoH3HOCHTCH KaK [w] He TonbKO nocne cny»ce6Horo cnoBa, ho h nocne caMOCTOHTenbHoro cnoBa, HanpHMep: 6pa [tm] der, o [hm] zpaer, IJěr [pw] eanoem (6par uder, oh uepaer, Ilěrp Meanoem).
Cok>3 h npoH3HOCHTCH b noTOKe peíH KaK [w] nocne oiob c ko-HewHbíM TBépnbíM comacHbíM, c KoropbiM coio3 h cocTaBnneT ojjhh cnor: caoh u 6apc [cnoHbi6apc].
nocne rnacHbix co 103 h h 3byk [h] b Haqane en ob npoH3HocHTCH KaK [h] : Hoea [a]pyKa, om \y(\děT.
B 6e3yaapHOM nonoaceHHH [w] coxpaiuieT cBoé KaqecTBO, ho npo-H3HOCHTcn KpaTKO, c MeHbiuHM HanpHaceHHeM: zodbi [roflw].
ynpajKHeHne 14. CnymaňTe, noBTOpaftTe:
bFbtbl, KCbl-KCbl, Cbl-Cbl, CblH, CbIT;
w-bi-bi, rflbi-rnbi, am-am, amm, canbi;
břbl-bl, KTbI-KTbl, TbI-TM, Tbffl, UlTblK; btbl-bl, XHbI-XHbl, HbhHbl, CHbi; 6bl-6bl, 6bIK, 6bIT, TpySbl, H36bi;
nw-nbi, nbiTKa, cynbi;
Mbl-Mbl, MbIC, MbIT, 3HMM* BbhBbl, OTBbIK, BblUIKa;
(J)bi-(|)bi, niKa(t>bi, rpa<f>bL
YnpajKHeHHe 15. a) ripocnyiuaRre h npowraHTe npennoxeinui.
Moň Cbns. Bot cwp. Emk y H36w. H3 Tpy6bi nbíM. BonK bují. Cy* um BKycHbi. M3 KpbiMa. TaM mmc. Tw cmt.
6) 06pa3yftTe MHOJKeciBeHHoe qHcno ot cneflywmHx cymecxBHTejtbHiix, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM ynapftoro oKoiraHHfl -w:
Caa, cion, rpH6, nap, cwp, npop, cyn, non.
47
ynpawHeHHe 16. CnyniattTe, noBTopÄftTe.
Ebne h kot. Jlpyr h b par. Jípyr PißaH. Mox h nyr. JlyÖ h rpn6. Cyn h Kama. BpaT HßaH. Cbm h 6paT. BpaT h cbm. May k Hßairy. Tbi c HßaHOM. Hny ot Hpw.
YnpaxcHeHHe 17. Cnyiuaftre, noBTopaftTe, pa3JiH»iaHTe 3ByicH [y, o, u].
By-6o-6bi, 6m-6m, 6mk — 6ok — ÖyKBa; My-mo-mm, mm* mm, Mbüi — moji — Myji; ny-no-nbi, hm-hm, nbiM — jjdm — ayM; ny-no-nw, nbhnbL, nbni — non — nan; cy-co-cm, cm-cm, cmh — coh —cyx.
y POK Ii" 2
PHTMHKA CJTOBA. PEflYKUHJI TJIACHblX [a, o]. BE3yíXAPHblft TJIACHblH [m]
OcOÖeHHOCTbK)  pHTMHKH pyCCKOľO CTCOBa HBnHeTCH HeOHHOpOflr
HocTb ynapnoro h 6e3yn,apHoro cnora no nnHTenbHocTH h HanpnxceH-HOCTH apTHKyjiHUHHi b ynapHbix criorax rnacHbie npoH3HocHTcn nnH-ToibHo h HanpíDKé'HHO, a b 6e3ynapHbrx — 6bnee KpaTKO n cnaôb. Pyo CKoe ynapemie cHJibHOueHTpajiH3ywmee, no3TOMy yaapHbrii cnor npOH3HocHTCfl c MaKCHManbHWM MycKynbHbiM HanpaaceHHeM pe-qeBoro annapaTa.
B ynapHbix cnorax rnacHbie coxpaHHioT cBoe Kaqecrao, sto 3bykh [a, o, y, m, h, e]. B 6e3ynapHbix cnorax rnacHbie pejryiiHpyioTCH, ocnaß-nnioTCfl h 3ByqaT HHane. B Hanoonbuieň cTeneHH H3MeHaioTCfl rnacHbie [a, o, e]. Be3ynapHbie 3ByKH [h, y, w], xoth h 3ByqaT MeHee njíHTenbHo. KaqecTBeHHo He H3MeHaioTca h no3TOMy b TpaHcKpnnnHH o6b3HaHaioT-ca TeMH ace 3HaKaMH. Be3yn,apHbiH [m] 3ByqHT 6onee KpaiKO h b an o: ó~bin — 6bi/id, eoüHbi — eôuHbi.
ynapHbrií rnacHbiH aBnaeTca pHTmhqecKHm neHipoM cnoBa. Ilpo-H3HouieHHe rnacHbix b 6e3yn,apHbix no3HiiHnx onpenenaeTca mcctom b cnoBe: nepBbiň npenynapHbin, BTOpoň npenynapHMH, 3aynapHbm h t. a. cnorn.
PeAYKUnn rnacHbix [a, o]
B Hanane cnoBa h b nepBOM npenynapHOM cnore nocne TBépnMx cornacHbix ona 3ByqaT ojJHHaKOBO, KaK [A ] — 3T0 KpaTKHH, cna-6bm [a]. B ocTanbHbix 6e3ynapHbix cnorax o, a npoH3Hocarca KaK [t>] , sto eine öbnee KpaTKHH h cnaôbiň [a].
48
TaSjiHua npoH3HomeHHa 3bykob [a] h [o]
	ripOH3HOUieHMe					
HanucaHHe	nofl ynape-	b Hanajie	b 1 -m npefl-	BO 2-M	b 3a y-	b a6co-
	HHeM	cjiosa	yflapHOM	H 3-M	aapHOM	JDOTHOM
			cnore	npefly-	cnore	KOHUe
				ftapHblX		cnoBa
				cnorax		
a	W	[A]	EA]	w	w	W
0	[o]	[A]	[A]	w	w	W
PenymipoBaHHbift [o] b okohhbhhhx npHn&nrrcjiBHbix
~ozo YL-ou
Be3yjj;apHoe oKOHnaHHe npmiaraTejibHbrx MyaccKoro poAa -oro, HanpHMep, dodpozo, npoH3HocHTcn KaK [bB-b], HanpHMep: xpacnoeo
[KpaCHbBT>] .
Ee3ya,apHoe oKOHnainie -oh npunaraTenbHbix aceHcKoro pojja b ponHiejibHOM, flaienbHOM, TBOpHTejibHOM h npejjjio>KHOM nane*ax enHHCTBeHHoro qncna npoH3HOCHTcn Kax [t>h], HanpHMep: dodpou [no6pbH].
PejiynHpoBaHHBie [a] n [o] b npepjiorax
ITpenjioni np0H3H0CHTcn cjihtho cnocneAyroinHM oiobom. TpaqbH-necKH 3to mo>kho noKa3aTb TaK: e okho, e ye/iy. ITpenjior h 3HaMeHaienbHoe cnoBo npencTaBnmoT ennHoe 4>oHeTHHecKoe cnoBO.
IlpOH3HonieHHe macHbix [a] h [o] b 6e3yn,apHbix npennorax noa^HHexcn o6meMy npaBHny. HanpHMep, b coqeiaHHnx o Mocicee, nod Mockbou, 3a Mockgou; na MocKey 6e3ynapHbie npennorn o, iron,
3a, Ha npOH3HOCHTCH KaK [A, m»n, 3b, Kb] .
YnpawHeHHe 1, CnymaftTe, noBTopaftTe, cjiewiTe 3a npOH3HoiueHHeM 6e3y-uapHoro &b Haqane anoBa.
Ap6y3, a30T, aHrpaKT, annapai, aHaHac, Ahtoh.
YnpaHttieHHe 2. CjiyuiattTe, noBTopattTe. npocnenjrre 3a npon3homeHHeM a non ynapeHHeM h b nepBoM npenyjjapHOM cnore.
Kap-KapMaH, 3aK-3aKa3, cKa3-cKa3an, naB-naBHo, nap-napHn, nap-napnn, Ta-ianaHT, can-canor, cTpaH- cTpaHa, ma3-ma3a, CKa3-cKa3an, nan-flana, Ban-Ban bi, caM-caMa, Man-Mana. KaK-KaxoH.
49
YnpasKHeHHe 3. npocneflHTc 3a npoH 3HouieHHčM a b pa3Htix no3HUHflx.
ABairrapfl, 3a6acTOBKa, KanHTaji, KaTacTpo^a, paccKa3an, KapaBaH, napanpKC, 6apa6aH.
YnpaxcHeHHe 4. Giymafire, noBTopirflTe, npasimmo npoH3Hocare 3ay£apHi>iJt HnpepyaapHbift [a].
Ah Ha, KpacKa, aiasa, (JiopMa, paMa, Kjiapa, MaMa, nana, Po3a, 3 a-cxaBa, KaTacTpo(f)a, nanarKa, nporpaMMa, CKa3ana, Hanncana, Kymma, lUiaTa.
YnpaMCHeHHe 5. ripoiHTattTe npeflnoiiteHHÄ, cnewrre 3a npoH3HomeHHeM a nop, ynapeHHeM h 6e3 yaapeHna.
AHHa ecT ap6y3. Bot aHaHac. Ahtoh tsm. KapaBaH y 3acTáBbi. Mara3HH 3aKpbiT. Bot h aHxpaKT. 3to SaHáHbi. CjiaBa npMa. OHáHanu-cána paccicá3.
ynpaxoieHHe 6. HanraiiHre TpaHcKpHnuHio cnejjyiomHx cjiob :
EaHáH, naHatvia, KaxacTpóípa.
YnpaxoieHHe 7. CnyiuattTe,  cnewiTe  3a npoH3HoiueHHeM o b Ha<BJie
CTOBa.
OHa, oho, 0KH0, oca, Chca, o6meh, o5oh, oBpar, OBoa, ohhh, otk33, OKon, onan, opraH, ocana, oxoTa, o&iaKa, oiapa, OTBara, ono pa, on-paBa, oKypoK, oKTaBa, oipana, oxpaHa, onnaTa.
YnpaxoieHHe   8.   Gryiiiaftre, iiobto pniiTe,  cpaBHirre  cjiob a no 3Ha*ie-
HHK>.
onycTHJi — ynycran onan - ynan
ocTaHOBHJi — ycTaHOBHJi OKa3an — yKa3an
OKpacHJi — yKpacHJi oroBoproiHCb —
yrOBOpHJIHCb
ocTaBHJiH — ycTaBHJTH OKyTan — yKyTaji
outhôch — yuaiScH OAep>Kan — yn.ep)Kan
ynpaxoieHHe 9. Cnyiuattrc, noBTopflHTe. IlpaBHjTBHo npoH3Hocwre o b npen-yjiapHOM cnore, cneAHTe 3a npoH3HoiueHHeM bi.
flOM —flOMa HOC— HOCH 30HT—30HTM
Bon —BOJib'i non — nonbi cjioh—aioHw
CTOJI— CTOJIM 3BOH— 3BOHOK KOT — KOTW
606— Go6bI MOCT — MOCTbl DOK — ÔOKa
ynpaxcHemte 10. ConocraBBTe npoH3HomeHHe b napax cjiob.
noMa — AO Má rpÓ3w — rp03w     cjiósa — cnoBá
to Ma—to Má BOAbi—BOAb'i       rónoca — ronocá
OKHa — OKHá COCHbl — COCHM        BOpOT — BOpOT
50
ynpajKHeHHe IL Cnyiuattie, noBTopKftTe, cnemrre 3a npomHomemieM o b I h bo II npe/jynapHbix cjiorax.
IIotojiÓk, 30jiotoh, npporóň, mojiokÓ, komcomoji, ropozii, rojio-
Ba, npOTOKOJI, kocmohóbt, OCTpOBa', xopomo.
YnpaMQieHHe 12. CnymatiTe, noBTopHftTe. npaBHJiuio npoH3H ochtc o b 3a-ynapHbix cnorax.
Cjiobo, Hánp, rojiOBbi, nóporo, Monofl, BopOT, 3<$jioto, KpácHoro, noSporo, yMHoro, KpácHoň, yMHoň, ciápoň.
ynpajKHeHHe   13.  npoH3Hecmre b  poHHTentHOM nafleace npHJiaraTenb-
Hhie.
O 6 p a 3 e u: Tcpácnuu - xpacnozo
30JIOTOH, npaßhlH, 3HaKOMbrií, CTápblH, BepHblH, pORHOH. YnpajKHeHHe 14. npoH3HecKre oiOBa.
Bona, Horá, ropa, K03a, no pá, TOMáľ, no3Óp, MOpo3, pOMaH, po-MaHc, BOK3an, totOb, Bonpoc, boctok, BOKpýr, 3bohok, floôpo, Korna, KOMáp, ôbrái, cocTáB, oiOBa, KOHcné^KT, flOKJiáa, nocKa, nocoji, boh Há, KOHTáKi, coiá3, KOHTpäKT, TOBžíp, nporpécc; rocynápcTBO, KOMMy-
HH3M, MOHyMÔHT, flOrOBÓp.
YnpaíKHeHHe 15. OiyiuaRTe, noBTopjrthre, cnemrre 3a npomHoineHHCM npefflioroB.
O Bac, non. Mockboh, no ropaM, Ha MOCTy, no Bonpocy, 060 MHe, Ha ÜpHy, Ha nony, Hafl ctojiom, 3a toöoh, 3a no mom.
YnpaxcHeHHe 16. IIpocnyiiiattTe h npoHHTattTe npejj?io)KeHHH, cne^HTe sa npoH3Houi6HHeM penymfpoBaHHbix o h a.
3to flOMa. Mm flOMa. Opnw b ropáx. ÄHHa Ha Mocry. BpaT non, Mockboh. Ha OylÍ xopomó. Bot hObmö pOMaH. TaM mojiokó. ,H,aň bo-flbi. Bot KOHcneKT. 3ojiorwe oônaKa. Jlotcnín rorÓB. OHa roroBa. )Kny npöporo oiOBa. Kodóbm Ha nyrý. nporH03 norónbi. Kimra o MocKBe.
YnpaiKHeHHe 17. Cjiymaftre, noBTopaňTe, cneAHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM ynapHoro h 6e3yflapHoro u.
rp03bfi — rpÓ3bI, Tpy6bí - Tpý6bl, boh hli - BOHHbl, BÖHM — BÓflbl, rOpbl — rÓpbl, CKajIW — CKajIM, 3HMbí — 3HMbI, CTOpOHbí — CTÓpOHbl,
ronoBbi— ronoBbi, ôbponbí — Öoponbi.
ynpa)KHeHKe 18. npocjiyinaÄTe, npoM3HecHTe npujiaraTentHtie c 6e3y^ap-
HblM OKOHMaHHCM -blH, CnejJJlTe 3a npOH3HOUieHHeM -bl.
KpaCHblH, fl06pbIH, OTKpblTbW, TOpflblH, MHJIbW, CTapbDÍ, HOBbffl, 3HaKOMbW, Ba>KHbIH, HyHCHbffl, rpOMaflHblH, CMOIbM, OnbITHblH.
51
ynpaxcHeHHe 19. a) npowraftre npennoMcenKX, cnemrre 3a npoH3HouicHHeM u b paaHbix nosHmiHX.
3HaKOMbie canw h npyabL JImmok h3 TpySbi. OpyKiw MMTbie. Opjibi h   cicán w. Mhoto bo am. EwcTpbie bo am. OnbiTHbBÍ neaaror.
6) IIocraBbTe cneoyioiuHe npHJiaraTejibHbie b tbopHTenmoM na^e^ce, cjiejm-Te 3a npoH3HouieHHeM SesynapHoro u.
O 6 p a 3 e u: xpacubiu — KpacHbm
XIpÔpblH, HOBblH, CTapblH, 3H3KO MblH, yMHbBÍ, BCpHbrfí
y PO K N° 3
3BOHKME m rjiyXME COrJlACHblE
b pyCCKOM H3bIKe OOJIblIIHHCTBO 3BOHKHX COrJiaCHblX HMeeTCOOT-
BCTCiByioiiJHe rnyxHe napbi. Henb3H jjpnycKaTb cMemeHHfl 3bohkhx h rnyxHX corjiacHbix, raic Kax sto mokct npHBecTH k H3MeHeHHio cmmc-jia, HanpHMep:
[6—n] 6oh — non [3—c] 3oa — coh
[b-4>] Ba3a - (j>a3a [sk-ui] >Kap - map
[a— t] aom — tom [r—k] ma — kht
ToabKO myxHe cornacHbie: q, m, u. TojibKO 3BOHKne cornacHbie: n, m, h, p, j (ň)
ornyuJEHME m o3bohhehme cornACHbix
3bohkh6 coraacHbie ornyuiaioTCH b cneayioinHX no3HUHax:
— b KOHue cnoBa: dyô [nyn]
— nepen, nryxHMH cornacHbiMH: cKa3Ka [cKácicb].
TayxHe corjiacHbie nepea 3bohkhmh raioice cTaHOBHTca 3bohkh-mh: côop [360p], cdan [3aan],
ITepea 3bohkhmh [n, m, h, p, b] rnyxHe cornacHbie He o3BOHHaioT-ca: [c]/ioeo, [j]muh, o [t]hcic, [c]pa3y, [c]eaMU, o [t]eac.
b   3TOH   CBH3H   CJieayeT OÖpaiHTb BHHMaHHe  Ha npOH3HODJeHHe
HeKOTopbrx npeaaoroB, HanpHMep, b, c, ot:
— npennor b ornyinaeTca nepea myxHMH cornacHbiMH, a nepea 3BOHKHMH h nepea rnacHbiMH np0H3H0CHTca KaK [b] . HanpHMep: [^jazdy, [§]uiKa<ßy, Ho: [r]okho, [b]MocKey, jb]yiec.
52
— npennor c HHKorna He 03BOiraaeTCfl nepen, [b] h ooHopHbiMH [ji, m, H, p,j]: [c]eaMU, [c]Mapueü, [c]homu, [c]Po3oü, [c]jiaMnoü, [c]JIko6om.
— b npennore ot [t] HHKorfla He 03BOHMaeTCfl nepefl [b] h coHop-hbimh corjiacHMMH: o[i\eac, o[t]h(ic, o [tJjwämw, o [i}Jlapucbi.
B pyccKOM H3biKe OTcyTcrayeT nporpeccHBHaa accHMHnflHHH, t. e. BJTHAHHe Ha noaiejjyroiuHH 3Byx. HanpHMep, 3bohkhh [b] He cra-HOBHTCH rnyxHM [4>] b TaKHX cnoBax, KaK MocKea, ôyxea, k eoM h t. n,
B pyccKHx npHCTaBKax, OKaHmmaioiirHxcH Ha -3 (u3-, pa3-, hu3-, eo3-, 6e3-, Hpe3-, nepe3-) nepen, 3bohkhmh cornacHbiMH ranneTCH h npoH3HocHTCH 3, a nepefl rnyxHMH c (pa3fißnf pacKo/i).
PA3riMHEHME COr/lACHblX [6-n, n-T, 3-c, B-qb]
YnpaÄHeHHe 1. CnymaítTe, cnennre 3anpoH3HoiueHneM [6—n].
Ba-6a, na-na, 60-60, 6y-6y, ny-ny, 6w-6w, nw-nw; 6a-6b-6y-6w, na-no-ny-nbi; 6a-na, ôb-no, 6y-ny, 6bi-nbi.
YnpaxaieHHe 2. CnymaítTe, noBTopaňTe, pa3JiHiaHTe [6-n].
Ban — nan, öajiKa — najiKa, 6oö — noň, 6ot - no t, 60pT — nopT, 6axoH — no to m, 6bui — nbui, 6ap — nap, 6jdi — mm, 6paBo — npaBo, 6para - ITpara, 6nox — nnox, 6oM6a — noMna, ctojiÖm — cTOJinw.
ynpaiKHeHHe 3. CnyiuaňTe, noBTopaňTe, cne/jHTe 3a npoH3HouieBneM [a-tj. .Ha-na, Ta-Ta, flo-flo, to-to, ny-ny, Ty-Ty, flbi-flbí, tm-tm; na-flo-fly-nbi, Ta-to-Ty-Tbi; na-Ta, ao-to, fly-Ty, flbi-Tbi.
ynpaxaieHHe 4. *lHTaHTe, pa3nHqaftxe [t-a] .
JlaM — TaM, AOM — tom, Höh — TOH, ny6 — Tyn, flěMa — TeMa, floCKa — TocKa, fleno — Teno, nap — rapa, iuioflbí — iuiotm, npoe —
TBOň, flOT— TOT, flOMKa— TOHKa.
YnpaxoieHHe 5. CnyiuaftTe, cneoHTe 3a n po h stí omeHHeM coraacHbix Ha ctm-Ke cnoB.
Ot BOflbí, ot Bhcjim, ot BeTpa, ot Bac, ot BHHa, HfléT Bann, esyT BMecTe, flyeT BeTep, Haa ctojiom, nofl cron, bot aom, uBeTyr p03bi, HflyT flera, c 6yjiKoô, c ropbi, c npKjiaflOM.
ynpaiKHeHHe 6. CnymaítTe, noBTopafrre, pa3JiHqaffre [ 3-c]. Hanmiraxe napu
CJIOB nOfl JJHKTOBKy.
3jioh — cjioH, 3yfl — cyfl, 3y6 — cyn, K03a — Koča, 3aBeT — coBei,
3a6bp — C060p, JlH3bI —JIHCbl, SAHT — CJTHT, 30H — COfl, 3HMbI — ChMM, P03bl — pOCbl, 30b — cob, 3ÍUI — CajIO.
53
ynpntReiwe 7. npxnraiecHTe aiona.
Cyn, cojinaT, Kypchi, aiaBa, oiobo, cdok, Macjio, CHOBa, cmmcji, 3HMa, 3a6op, 3y6w, 3an.
ynpaxoieHHe 8. ^HTaftTe npennoaceHiui, He CMeiuHBafcre 3ByKH [a-cj. Cue-AHTe 3a npoH3HoiueHH6M npeqnoroB.
Bot mockobckhh 3aBÓfl. Oh BbmycKáeT ctohich. H 3aBTpa cnaio 3K3a\ieH no HcnaHCKOMy Ä3biicý. 3to sootÓxhhk 3oh. Oeá paťxnaeT b coBxÓ3e. Mw 3aBoióeM kócmoc. Bot Hánm kocMOHaßTbl. 3óa c Boji-ití. Cyn h3 pwow. Pocá cná6aÄ. Bpai c mÍmoh Hnýr c Boioána. Iloény c bÍmh H3 flÓMa. Bot conaaT. Cnwury cjiobo „Macno". Mw c apyroM H3 IlcKÓBa. AHHa c BnácoM Ha icýpcax. 3a6oT mhoto. CónHne cněBa, Oho cßeiHT cnáôo.
YnpajKHeHHe 9. Cnyiuaňre, noBTopnflTe, cneoHie 3a apTHKyjiÄUMeíí [b - <p],
Ba-Ba, bo-bo, By-By, bm-bm, <J>a-(pa, 4>o-<t>o, 4>y-4>y, 4)bI"4>bIi Ba-Bo-By-Bbi, (pa-4)o-4>y-4)bi; Bo-<J)a, BO-<po, By-(py, Bbi-cpbi.
YnpawHeHHe 10. CnymaitTe, noBTopÄÄTe, pa3jmiaitTe [b - <p]
Ba3a — 4>a3a, Bnara — (Jwiara, boh — íJíoh, bot — (J>oto-, Bepa — c(|>e-pa, 30By — co<t>y.
YnpajKHeHHe 11. npoH3He cwre cjiobb.
Bjrac, B/iara, BparH, ob pani, bmccto, /jas ho, BHyrpH, BHH3y, poB-
HblH, niaBHblH.
ynpa»HeH»e 12. Cnyuianre, noBTopírfrre, CJieflHTe 3a npoH3HouieHneM coieraHHH tb, ab.
a) Tboh, 6pHTBa, TBOpor, TBopqecKHÔ, TOěpnbiž, KjiKTBa, jicepTBa,
paCTBOp.
6) ífca, řmyx, HBoe, nßop, nBopen,, nonBonHbiH, non. Bonpä, YnpajKHeHHe 13. CnyiuaňTe, noBTopaBTe, cneame 3a npoH3HomeHHe npe/jno-
ra b.
B oKHO, b Ocjio, b apMHH, b ApTeic, b ynry, b ypyrBaô, b HpaH, b Hrpax.
YnpaiKHeHHe 14. CnyuiaftTe, noBTOpHÄTe. ConocraBbTe npoH3HouieHHe npejjJtora b nepea 3bohkhmh rnyxHMH oornacHbiMH.
B 6aHK — b napK, b ropo n- b Kpaň, b noM - b tom, b 3an — b cany.
ynpaucHeime 15. Caymanxe, oĎparate BHHMaHHe na npoH3HomeHHe npewiora b b cnejjyiomHx no3w.unx. ttpoiHTaHTe cjiobocxmeiaHwi.
a) B BaroH, b Ba3y, b Bony, b B03nyx.
6) B 4>opMy, b 4>0He, b (peBpane, b 4>apTyKe, b 4>yxriHpe.
54
ynpaxHemie 16. Cnymattro, noBTopÄHre. npaatuibHo npomHocKre npefljior b nepe« coHopHUMH [n, h, m, p].
B jiecy, b jionjcy» b Hopw, b Poctob, b MocKBy, b Mopo3, b Mara-3HH, b MypMaHCK.
Ynpa)KHeHHe 17. npoHHranre npejjjioHceHiuL
B ßa3e pÓ3a. Tßopor BKycHMH. Bnac b napne, flßop nycT. B yrný co(|)á. IlonBÓnHbffl cnopT. Bot UBerw. B 4»oé csexnó. Iloérry b Myp-M3HCK. OinycK b aßrycTe. Ohh Hflýr b napK. Binreý OBpár,
OmyUJEHME 3BOHK14X COrJlACHblX B A5C0J1I0TH0M KOHLIE CJIOBA
ynpajKHeHHe 18. CnymattTe, noBTopxiťre, cnejijrre 3a oniyuieHHeM oonnao-Hbix [6, b, r, n, 3] b Komte cnoBa1.
[6-n]: 3y6, jry6, rpnö, icnyÖ, ctojiÔ, cnocoÔ; [b-(J)] : poB, roiOB, KpoB, pyxaB, 30B, neB, ceB;
[t-k] : jiyr, Kpyr. npyr, por, aior, Mor, Bflpyr, CHer, KaTžuior, nnajior; [ä-t] : rpafl, pofl, rofl, cyfl, ooefl, npyfl, BHfl, can, Hapofl, flOKjian, 3anafl;
[3-c]: rna3, rpy3, Mopo3, Konxo3, nponio3, o6pa3, aHarai3, C0103, anMa3.
ynpajKHeime 19. IlpowraňTe npejjno>KeHHfl. ConocraBtTe npoH3HouieHHe h 3HaqeHHe BbifleneHHtix cnoB.
1. Jlyr KpacHBvBoT jryK. 2. rbion, Mam-o. 3to idiot. 3. Oror ceHa. Ctok BOflbi. 4. ^peBHHH pofl. KpacMBbBÍ poT. 5. Por h3o6hjihh. 3jioh
pOK.
ynpaxcHeHHe 20. 06pa3yftTe eaimcTBeHHoe mícno ot flaHHbix cnoB h npoH3-HecHTe napbi cnoB. CneaHTe 3a ornymeHHeM cornacHbix.
O 6 p a 3 e u: siyaa — nyz
Caflbí, oropoflw, 3y6bi, npyflw, rna3a, cok)3M, HapoflM, pyKaBa, Ji6w, pBbi, roflbí, pora.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 21. IIpomnaftTe npeflnc»KeHHH. OieflHTe 3a orJiymeHHeM corna-
CHblX.
MHÓro H36. Jly6 bwcok. ^oicjiáfl totob . HÓbmh rofl. flopora Ha 3a-nafl. nporH03 noróflbi. Pob rjiyooK. Bot kojixo3. KoJixÓ3HbBÍ can Kpa-chb. EejibiH cHer. Bot moíí flpyr. Bejibiö rpfiG. rpo3Hbm jieB. 06éfl BKycHbiň. Bha Ha npyflH jiyr. rLiOB H3 póca. Bot KJiyÖ. Eojiht 3y6. Ilo-CMOTpH KaTajiór.
MíTTKHe ooniacHbie b arott iio3huhh TaioKe onnyuiaiOTCÄ, o qgM 6ynpT ro BopHTbCíi b ypoKe N9 4. HanpHMep: eo/iyôb [rónyn'], ['] - 3HaK mättcocth.
55
OmyiUEHUE 3BOHKMX COľTlACHblX B CEPEAHHE CnOBA
ynpaxcneHHe 22. Cnyiuaitre, noBTOpÄÍtre, cjienjťre 3a ornynieraeM cornao-Hbix [ 6, b, n, 3, r] b cepeflHHe cnoBa.
[6-nj: TpyÖKa, npoÖKa, po6ico, aGcypA, k»6Ka, o6cyAnn, o6xoa» yjibiS-Ka;
[b-(|>] I TpaBKa, 3aBTpa, JIOBKO, CT3BKa, rOJIOBKa,BTOpHHK, BCTIblXHyjI,
BTopoH, noBTOpM, Bxofl, cnpaBKa, 3HMOBKa, nonroTOBKa, 3aaB-Ka;
[a-t] : jiOAKa, cnaAKO, penKO, no aim can, 3araAKa; [3-c]: CKa3Ka, y3KO, 6jih3KO, pe3K0, M03r; [r-K]: odpHrca, yjierca; [r-x]: jierKO, MHrKO,nérKHÍi, MarKHH.
ynpajKHeHue 23 . 06pa3yfiTe ot naHHbix KpaTKHX nproiaraTenbHbix nojiHbie (popMM. npoH3HecHTe napbi cjiob, rioflÖepHTe k npHJiaraTeni,hmm cymecTBrnenb-Hbie.
O 6 p a 3 e KI CKOJlb30K — CKOAb3KUŮ; CKOSlb3KOH ÔOpOZd,
Hh3ok, cJiaAOK, y30K, pe30K, rnaAOK, jiobok, poôoK, JieroK, mh-
röK.
ynpaxcneHHe 24. ľlpocnyiiiaiíTe h npoiHTaÜTe npennojKeHHH. Cnennre 3a ornyiueHHeM cornacHwx. Hamnuwre tckct no^ nracroBKy.
TpyÖKa ßpara. y BxoAa naBKa. Bo BTopHHK 3K3aivieH. Mancaa TpaBKa. 3araAKa TpyAHa. 3aBTpa oÖcynHM nnaH. 3to cKa3Ka. JlěrKaa ynbiÖKa. JIoAKa ôjhoko, IIoBTOpH npaBHjio. Bxoa 3aKpwT. CK0jib3Kaa AOpora. Po6khíí CTyK. IToAnncKa Ha ra3eTbi. CnaAKHH BKyc. BcnbixHyji ra3. y3Kaa loÖKa. 3aBTpa BTopHHK.
03BOHHEHME COrriACHblX
YnpaiKHeHHe 25. Giyuiaitre, noBTOpÄÜTe, HanmuHTe cJiOBa non; miKTOBKy, npoMHTaftTe HaiiHcaHHoe.
Caan, coop, coopHHK, cÖpocHji, cflyji, côbiT, côbraaTb, c6jiH3HJica, CAenan, CAejiKa, npocb6a, KOCb6a, MOJiOTbGa, otamx, OTAen.
ynpaiKHeioie 26. npoH3HecHTe napw cnoB.
Coop - cnop, CA3JI - CTan, OTÔbp - omop, coopHHK - cnopHbiň, cöpocHM — cnpocHM, cayji — ctyji.
ynpaiKHeHHe 27. IIpocnyiiiaiÍTe h npOHHTaftTe npejpioaceHmi. CnepiHTe 3a 03BO-HHeHHeM cornacHbix.
Caan 3K3aivieH. CnepKan cjiobo. Bot OTAen 6bna. BpaT OTAbixaeT. TpynHaa npocböa. ÍIhohcpckhh coop. CoopHHK AHKTaHTOB. MonoTbÖa
56
xjieöa. Kocb6a TpaÉ. Cflenan neno — rynaö cmoto (nocA.). CoGaicac6e-»cana.
ynpaiKHeHHe 28. 4HraflTe npewiOMcemift, cnepjrre 3a npoHSHOuieHHeM 3boh-khx n myxHX oornacHMX, a Taioice 3a peflyKWíeň niacHBix a, o.
y 3Óh coa. MyKaH3 coh. PÓ3bi b Ba3e. BaioH xjieSa. Bot ny6. Bicý-CHbiH rmofl. Tot idiot. KpácHwe pÓ3bi b poce. Cyn totob. Cyn h Macno. 3ý6w ôéjibi. CTyfléHTbi HflyT b 3aji cnýmaTb npKJián.. CHMa npHeneT 3h-moh c cwhom. Bot rom. Bot Tom. Oh c bíÍmh. Cböt ropHT. 3aecb Bce CBOií. ConoBeň 3anén. flpyr npHexan H3 HccJmraHa. 3a6ÓTjiHBaH MaMa c HáMH. Mbi c ÖpaTOM neiHM b Omck. Bot (JxSto. Ha (JxSto nBa aBToSy-ca. Iloňny bo nßop. Bot tboh 6pHTBa. B caný npoxjiáflHO. npbiraň b Bony cpa3y. CnánKHH iuiob. Bha Kpacás. JlerKHH Bonpóc. TpýnHbiň rofl. KopoTKHH pyKaB.
y P O K N° 4
MřirKME H TBEPAblE COr/lACHblE (OBlUAfl XAPAKTEPHCTMfcA)
3BYKH [h* a't']
B pyCCKOM H3bIKe 6OJIblUHHCTBO COTJiaCHblX MOryT 6bITb TBěpflW-
mh h MHrKHMH, HanpHMep:
[6-6'] — 6bui — ôhji [h«'J — Hbüi — Hhji
[n-n'J — nocT — nec [jt-ji'] — jiyK — jikkc
[b-b ] — BOJI — Ben [3-3'] — K03W — 3hh3
[q>qV] — (J)opMa — qSepMa [c-cT] — can — caneM
[m-m'] — Man - mhu [p-p'l — pan, — pan
En,-«'] - flbiM - JÍHMa [r-r'] - ro« - nifl
[t-t'] - tom — TěMa [K_K'] — kót — Kenti
[x-x'] — XOAM - XHTpblH
TonbKO TBgpAbie cornacHwe: [ac, hi, h] —Myk, my6a, wpK, TonbKO MHTKHe cornacHbie: [j, *ť, üT] —Maü, wü, myKa. CMHrqeHHe cornacHbix npoHcxonHT b pe3ynbTaTe noffbe'Ma cpenHeö
qaCTH H3bIKa K TBČpAOMy He6y. B TpaHCKpHIIUHH MHTKOCTb coraacHbix
o6o3HaqaeTCH cneuHaribHbiM 3H3KOM, HanpHMep, moji — msui [Man — M'an]. Ha HHCbMe MarKocTb comacHbix BbipaxcaeTca npn noMOiim 6yKB e, h, a, 10, ě, b1.
1 EyKBbi e, h, u, é b Haqajie cJiOBa (mna), nocne rnacHtix (homt) h nocne b
h t, (cydhH, eben)  o6o3HayaioT A Ba sayKa: e = [j a], h = [j aj, w = (j yj, e= [joj.
57
BbinejiHioTCH cjienyroiUHe no3Hinra nriÄ OTpa6oTKH apTHKyHlnrHH mhtkhx comacHbrx:
1. nepen, bccmh macHbiMH, k po mg [h] : Me/i, mlui, msui, mSa, Ka-mjo [M'eji, m'hji, M'an, m'oji , k AM'y];
2. b a6cojiK>THOM KOHue cjiOBa: KOHb, nocb, Kpoeb, Kopb, [koh\ noc', Kpo<J>\ Kop'];
3. nepea mhtkhmh cornacHbiMn: ceuubH, KOHbKU, eocrb [cBHH'já, kah'k'h, rocV]. Cny^an CMHnieHHH cornacHbix b cnoBax rana eocrb, mi3Hb Ha nHCbMe HHKaK He o6o3HaqaioTca h Ha3broaioTCH a c c h m h -n hthbhoh MHrKocTbK), t. e. cMÄPieHHe cornacHoro npoHcxooHT b cHJiy accHMHüHUHM, Koraa nocnenyTomHH MflncHH 3Byx BJiHfleT Ha npemne ctb yto uniň.
MflrKocTb cornacHbix b aÖconioTHOM Koraje cnoBa (Marb) h nepen, coniacHbiMH (zopbKo, ôpaibR, kohwk) HBnHeTcH xapaKTepHoň oco-ÔeHHOCTbio 4)OHeTHqecKoií CHCTeMbi pyccKoro H3biica. IIpaBHJibHaH ap-
THKyJIÄHHÄ ÄBJlHeTCH HeOÔXOHHMOH, T- K. B OTHeJIbHblX CJiyMaHX OÜJHÖ-KH b npOH3HOUieHHH MO ry T npHBeCTH K HapyUieHHK) CMhlCJia. CpaBHH-
Te: yeon — yzo/ib, oder — odeľb, nonm — nojibKa, eopKct - eopbKO
ht.fl-
COrJlACHblE [h', a', t'1 B ABCO/lfOTHOM KOHUE CJ10BA, nEPEß rriACHblMI/l [a, y] H nEPEfl COrJlACHblMH
Ilpn npoH3H0iueHHH [h', a\ t'] kohhhk H3biKa npHKacaeTCH He k aribBeonaM, a k BepxHHM 3y6aM. ApíHKyjTfliiHH [t', a'] conpoBOHcaa-eTCH cBHCTHnntM npH3ByKOM, KOTopbm B03HHKaeT BcnencTBHe Toro, mo pa3MWKaHHe 3aTBopa Me>icay nepenHeô qacibio H3biKa h 3y6aMH nponc-XOflHT He MTHOBeHHO, a c HeKOTOpOH 3aaep:*K0H, npH 3T0M o6pa3yeTCH Heöonbinan merib. Ot TpemiH BbiflbixaeMoro B03nyxa o Kpan stoh menn h B03HHKaeT TäKoií npH3Byx: rem  [T'cÓT'cb], dnda [a'3áa'3b].
OflHaKO, 3ByKH [t', fl'] Henb3fl npOH3HOCHTb KaK a4«í)PHKaTbi [U, £73*} .
ynpawHCHHe 1. CnymattTe, noBTOpaňTe.
TOT-TOTb, mot-MOTb, COT-COTb, 30T-30Tb, ROT-ROTb, IDT-rOTb,. KOT-KOTb, XOT-XOTb, 60T-60Tb, nOT-nOTb, BOT-BOTb, HOT-HOTb.
ynpaHtHemie 2. Cnyiuaňte, conocTaBi/re 3HaqeHHe cnoB. IIpomiTaUTe cnoBa no napaM.
CtOHT — CTOHTb, peiHHT — peiUHTb, CTpOHT — CTpOHTb, TIOMHHT -nOMHHTb, e3aHT — e3AHTb, BbinOJIHHT — BbinOJIHHTb, TOBOpHT — TOBO-pHTb, ÔpOCHT — 6pOCHTb, OTBeXHT — OTBeTHTb, npOCTHT — npOCTHTb;
6biT — ébiTb, 6paT — 6paTb.
58
ynpaxHeHHe 3. OiyuiaftTe, noBTOpjiftTe.
HHTb, nyib, 3Haib, rOpCTb, CyTb, XOTb, CMepTb, KOCTb, pryTb, Kpo-BaTb, JTOKOTb.
ynpajKHeHHc 4. CnymaflTe, noBTOpjiHTe, noMHirre oßomyuieHHH cornacHoro b KOHUe cnoBa. HanmiiHTe cnoBa non. nHKTOBKy.
Tpyab, 6yn.b, loianb, cHenb, rjia^b, TeipaAb, onepeflb.
YnpajKHeHMe 5. XtaftTe HeonpenejieHHyio (popjviy cnenyiomHX rnarojioB, npo-cneji,HTe 3a npoireHOmeHHeM [ť] b KOHUe cjiob.
O 6 p a 3 e u: aioöut - siioöuTb.
ripOCHT, BapHT, CTPOHT, OÖyWT, COJ1HT, XOflHT. ynpaxcHeHHe 6. CnywaftTe, noBTOpaÖTe.
HoH-HOHb, MOH-MOHb, coh-COHb, 30h-30Hb, flOH-flOHb, TOH-TOHb, TOH-rOHb, KOH-KOHb, XOH-XOHb, 6oH-6oHb, noH-noHb.
YnpajKHeHMe 7. CnyiuaÄTe, npOH3HecnTe cnoBa.
TpaHb, KOHb, nanb, flaHb, BCTaHb, oroHb, JiyHt, ß,ynb.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 8- llpoiHTaiiTe npeänoxceiwa, npaBHJitHO npoH3HocHTe [h', t'].
Bot KOHb. CnaBHbiH nyn., RyHh m orÓHb. Ijiaflb Ó3epa. Moakpo-ßaTb. Byßb totob! BpaT 6p6cht KypHTb. He Hanp npocHTb. BcTaHb. Bot naHb. MaTb ßapHT o6e'a.. Háno cBapHTb cyn. RbÍh crpÓHT aom. CTpoHTb TpýaHO.
ynpawHCHHe 9. OiyiuaÄTe, noBTOpaRTe. ConocraBbTe npon3HomeHHe TBép-flwx h MHrKMx h, t nepejj; cornacHbiMH,
PejiKo — pejibKa, Gamca ~ 6am>Ka, MonoTKa — MonoTboa» Affica — AHbfca, caHKH — CaHbKa, bot MaK - TbMa.
ynpajKHerae 10. Cnymattte, noBTopaňTe, cnenKre 3a apTHKynauHeß [h\ n\ t'] nepe^ rnacHbiMH [a, y].
HHj HK), flH, flK), TÄ, tk); HlOpa, rOHK), HHHH, npHHHTb, chhh, BaHA,
6ana, k caHHM; ähaä, wpjo, AioHa, ßjoühi, jjfljen, hhamk, HíOMa, ujohm;
tk>K, KOCTIOM, THHyT.
YnpaiKHeHHe 11. HanmiiHTe TpaHCKpHimmo cne^yiouiHX chob:
nyrb, rpyflb, oroHb, TbMa, cwui, koctfom, romo.
YnpajKHeHHe 12« IIpomiTaňTe npeanoHceHHH, cneAHTe 3a npOH3HomeHHeM [h', fl*,T'] nepefl rnacHWMH.
Jiflm Ha B0K3ane. Hob bin koctwm. Hropa h Bkux. Hiopa b caHHx. 3to tiok. JieTHT nniubi. Bot atohm. OnJibM , JIocjiéflHHH aiohm".
59
ynpa>KHeHHe 13. npowraüTe napw cJiob, conocTaBKre hx no 3HaieHHio. Co-
craBbTe C HeKOTOpMMH H3 HHX npeHJiOHCeHHH.
6pOCHT — ÖpOCHTb 6paT — 6p2Tb
6biT — 6biTb ecT — ecTb
mecT —uiecTb npociHT — npocnÍTb
CHAT —CHHTb Cafl — CHJJb
KOH - KOHb HÖCHT — HOCHTb
H3MeHHT — H3M6HHTb OfleT — OfléTb
OTBeT — OTBÖTb KOHMHT — KOH^HTb
xÓlJHT - XOflÓTb
YnpajKHeHHe 14. ľlpoiQHecHTe cJioBa, cJieflirre 3a mäfkoctmo comacHbix b
KOHUe CJIOB.
MaTb, KpoBaTb, KOCTb, jiÓKOTb, dpaTb, cflflb, BJiacTb, TeTpaflb, cMepTb, rpycTb, HHTb, rpyAb, ceTb, nyrb, HeHaBHcib, noBecTb, npónacTb, Meflb, CKáTepTb, rapMÓHb, KOHb, KyôaHb, BCTaHb, jiyHb, AaHb, oroHb, jiaHb, rpaHb, HioHb.
YnpajKHeHHe 15. npowraHTe npefliiojKeHHa. ConocraBbTe npoh3HOuieHHe BbweneHHbix cjiob. HaiwuiHTe tckct nofl flHKTOBKy.
1. He Hánp TaK roBopHTb. Oh roBopHT c 6páTOM. 2. Teôe HýxcHO
ÖpOCHTb KypHTb. Oleü, MHOľO KypHT, OH CKÓpO 6pOCHT KypHTb. 3. BaM
He peuuÜTb 3TOTO Bonpóca. Eró peuniT AHHa. 4. 3flecb ecn> Bona. Oh ecT. 5. ÜlecT fljiHHHbiä. UiecTb khht. 6. Hanp npocxHTb BaHio. Oh He npocTHT. 7. Can 3eněHbiň. Cn/ib co mhoh. 8. OmibM chat. HyacHO chätb najibTO.
COrilACHblE [c', 3', 6', n', b', cp', m',]
n EPEA rnACHblMH [a, y] H B A5COJ1I0THOM KOHUE CDOBA
YnpajKHeHHe 16. CnyuiaftTe, noBTopjiHTe.
Ca-cfl, cy-CK), 3a-3H, 3y-3h>, 6a-6n, 6y-6io, na-na, ny-nw, Ma-Mfl, My-
mh),   ch-ck),   3H-3H),   6h-6k),   nfl-niO,   MH-mk),  Ba-bh,   bo-By-bh), <j)a-<pH,
4>o-<i)y-(i)io, b a-b jo, 4>fl-4>K).
YnpajKHeHHe 17. CnyiuaftTe, noBTopaňre.
Cflflb, B3HTb, croaa, pe6>rra, 6iopos H3ro6p, narb, oniiTb, nrope, MHTb, MioccejBiinbiH.
YnpajKHeHHe 18. npocnymaftTe h noBTopHTe cJioBa, cneflHre 3a MancocTbio h ornymeHHeM cornacHbix.
PbICb, BblCb, JlOCb, 3anHCb, 3fleCb, BeCb, CKB03b, KHH3b, TOJiyÖb, npo-py6b9 BbOTb, KpOBb, OÔyBb, MOpKOBb, CBeKpOBb, JIK)6oBb, CeMb, BOCeMb.
60
ynpajKHeHHe 19. IlpoqHTaflTe npejjnOHceHHH, npaBWimo npOM3Hecnxe mht-KHe cornacHbie b pa3Hbix n03HUH»x.
ÍIhclmÓ ot flánH. Ckbo3l orÓHb. TaM pwcb. Cthxh <DeTa. IThil H3í66poB. Cnflb cioná. Bbinb — 6onoTHafl niHua. II03BOHH b ôropo nóô-pbix ycnýr. npHroTOBb niope. GhbM róny6b. MaraaáH „06yBb". IjBe-tú. yBHHH. 3aecb BÓceMb KHHr.
Y P O K N° 5
MflTKME COrjlACHblE ľlEPEA [e, m] . APTMKyriflmia 3AKPblTOrO H OTKPblTOľO [e] (6yKBbi e m a)
B pyccKOM H3buce 3bvkh [e, h] na3biBaioTCH rnacHbiMH nepenHero pána, t. k. o6pa3yK>Tca b cpenHe-nepenHeň qacra poiOBOH nojiociH. Bce cornacHbie (3a HCKJiioqeHHeM xc, m, u) nepen, [e, h] npon3HocHTCH MHr-ko, HanpHMep: Mea [M'eji],MiĽi [m'hji].
B Haqajie cnoBa, a Taioice nocne macHbix h cornacHoro [j] c 6yK-boh e o6o3HaqaeTCH npoH3HomeHHe nByx 3ByKOB: [je], HanpHMep: en, [jen], noe/i [nAjen], Konbe [KAn'jé].
3ByK [j] — MHrKHH cornacHbiH. Oh o6pa3yeTcn npn bmcoko non.-hhtoh cpenHeň qaciH H3WKa k TBepnpMy Hé6y. 3to coHopHbm 3ByK, iaK KaK npn ero npoH3HeceHHH npeoonanaeT ronoc, KOTopwô coqeiaeT-ch co cjiaôbiM uryMOM. ComacHbifi [j] no apTHKynHUHH 6jth30k k rnacHOMy [h] , ho b ounmHe ot Hero npoH3HocHTca c dojimiihm Hanpn-xceHHeM cpenHeň nacra cnnmcH H3bnca h npn 3HaqHTénbHOM Hanope B03-nyiuHoň cipyn (cp. h-h-h -j h -j h -jh) .
rnacHbrň [e] nocne mhtkhx cornacHwx (renb, Me/i, uer) npoH3HO-
chtcä 3aKpbIT0, C y3KHM paCTBOpOM pTa — TaK Ha3bIBaeMbIH 3aKpbITblH
M-
HapHny c 3thm b pyccKOM H3biice rnacHbiň [e] HMeei npyroň ot-TeHOK: oh npoH3HocHTCH conee otkpwto, HanpHMep, b cnoBax 3to, u_ex, uiecr, MecT, Kpedo.
IflHpoKHH, OTKpwTbiň [e] ynoTpefwiHeTCH b cnerryroiifflx no3HHHHx:
— b Hanane HecKonbKHx pyccKHx cnoB (stot, 3xo, su) ;
— b, Ha3BanHHX pyccKHx 6y*KB (6, b, r, n, 3, n, t h np.);
— b Havane HHOH3biMHbix cjiob (pnoc, 3pä);
— nocne rnacHbix b hhoíObraHbix cnoBax (no33UM, no3T);
— nocne TBepflbix comacHbix b pane 3aHMCTBOBaHHbix chob {tcht, crend);
— nocne TBépnjbix ruHiwiimx h [n] (pKeHCKuú, laenecT, u,ex);
— b 6e3ynapHbix no3HHHÄX OTKpbiTbiň [e] penyinipyeTCfl, npHťým-JKancb k [bi] HnH k [t] — b 3aBHCHMOCTH ot MecTa b cnoBe. HanpHMep: 3KpaH— [bl^KpaH H 3K6UeaA€HT - [i>M]KBHBaneHT.
61
ynpaxcHeHHe 1. CnymattTe, noBTOpatiTe.
Be-6e, ne-ne,Me-Me, Be-»e, <j>e-4>e, 6h-6h, im-rm, mh-mh,bh-bh, $h-4>h; 6e-ne, Gh-im, bh*4>h, 6h-mh, bh-idí, 4m-mh, hh-bh.
ynpaiKHeHHe 2. Cnymattre, noBTOpattTe, cnenwre 3a MHricoctho yKa3aHHbix cornacHwx.
[6'] - ĎejiMH, 6ejiKa, 6enHbiň, o6en, 6er, 6eper;
ĎHTb, OHJI, OHHT, 6hC, JIIOOHTb.
[n*] — neTb,npHneB,nepeii, ycneTb;
nHTb, imp, imcbMa, citht, hhbo, Kymm. [m'] — Medb, MCTp, MeTKO, MecTO, o6mch;
MHJI, MHp, MHHa, MH(j), MHTH, Mmia, MHCKa.
[b'] — Becb, coBeT^pHBeT^Bepa;
BHTb, BHTfl, BHffHT, 30BH.
W\ - 4)ea, Oefla, KOípeňHHK;
rpat^mh, $HpMa, <j)hkuhh.
YiipaxcHeHHe 3. HanmuHTe TpaHCKpiíímHjo cneflyiomHx chob: o6eA, hhbo, mccto, MHHa, secb.
ynpa»cHeHHe 4. GiymaHre, noBTopjiíÍTe. [h'] — He6o, hďt, HepBbi, Ha nyHe;
HHTb, hh30k, bhh3, HHHa, k hhm.
[a'] - neHb, me, neHbrH, HaneHb, b Bone;
JXHMa, HaňnH, hah , canncb, ahkhh, hhck. [t'] — TeHb, TeMa, TecTO, na-reHT, TexHHKa;
H ATH, HaHTH, TKKaTb, THHa.
[c'] — cecib, ceMb, ceHo, ceMH, cepbiň, bcc
HOCHTb, CHMa, KpaCHB, CHHHH, BHCHT.
[3'] — 3eMJ7H, ra3eia, 3epKajio,o K03e,o rpo3e,
KOp3HHa, 6eH3HH, 3hH3, 3HMHHH, Mara3HH, 3HJL
ynpa>KHeHHe 5. IlocnyiuattTe cTHxoiBopeHHe, npocnyiuaťlTe h npoinHecwre cnoBa, conepMíamHe mhtkhB h TBěpabiit 3ByK 3.
Pe3HHOByK> 3HHy Mbl BblMOeM b 6eH3HHe
KymuiH b Mara3HHe. Pe3HHOByw 3HHy,
Pe3HHOByio 3HHy Mm BbíMoeM b 6eH3HHe
B KOp3HHe npHBe3JTH. M najibixeM norpo3HM:
OHa 6buia pa3HHeň - „He 6ynb TaKoň paaHHeň,
Pe3HHOBaa 3HHa, PeaMHOBaa 3hhs,
Ynana H3 KopsHHbi, A to oTnpaBHM 3HHy
H3Ma3ajiacb b rpa3H. 06paTHO b Mara3HH'\
(A. Eapro)
62
ynpawHeHHe 6. ľlpoH3Hecure SByKoooieTaHHjc, npaBHJiBHd apTHKyjiHpyH [h',
g, r\ c\ 3',] b coHeTaHMH c e, h.
He-He, hh-hh, Ae-jge, ah-ah, Te-Te, th-th, ce-ce, ch-ch, 3e-3e, 3h-ch, He-ne, le-Ae, ce-3e, 3h-hh, ch-ah, th-ch, ch-th.
ynpaxcHeHHe 7. CnyinattTe, noBTOpÄHre, cono craBKre npoH3HouieHHe cor-jiacHbix nepen, m, h.
AbIM — JÍHMa HOCbl — HOCH
cyAM - cynjK cmh — chhhh
TbDCBa — THKaib nbDib — ram
Mbm — mhu nbrnca — irnib
3a6bin — 3aoHJi useTW — usern
HbUI — HhJI HblTb — HHTb
YnpaxoieHHe 8. ripomrraftTe cnoBa, cnenjiTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM [6', iť, b', c\ 3*, h*, n', ť, m'] nepefl e.
Eeper, oôén, ôenica, néciui, nerb, npHBei, Becb, bck, MypaBeň, Bepa, ko^hhhk, <DeA*- Aeno, APA» rne, Aß Hb, Aera, Herpbi, h^Öo, Hei, 3eMJiH, ra3éia, 3aMeTHJi, wápa, Mdp, měji, npHMepica, oomch, ceMba,
CeHO, 003HHHH, Cep6, TeHb, TCCHO, TeMa.
ynpaxcHeiote 9. npowrdttxe cnoBa, cneflHxe 3a MHrKocTbW cornacHbix nepen h.
HaňTH, nycTÓ, npHBecrá, 3a htm, 3aimaTHTb, rpecra, TáxoH, HaňAH, BOHAHTe, BOAHTeAb, pa3ôynH, flHKTOp, npoxonji, npoBOAHTb, yňAH,
HÄHa, HHTb, HH3KHH, c HHM, OHTb, 3a(HTb, npo6HTb, BHAeib, II03BOHH, BHHá, Bií K TO p, 3HHa, KOp3HHa, c HHMH, ITHTb, imp, (JflUIbM, 4>HJIbTp.
ynpaaaieHHe 10. FIpoHHianTe npenjioHceHfui, cnenme 3a npoH3HomenHeM MHrKHX cornacMbix b pa3Htix tio3hukhx. HaiuniiHTe Texcr noa njDCTOBKy. Flpo-mrraHTe.
BeceHHHH ACHb. y nérn ra3éra. 3aecb thxo. OeAH aim. TTo3obh ÍÍHHy. Bénca cnp^HH Kpacifoa. Máňa Ha 4>épMe. Bo3bMH neHbra y 3áHbi. Canjicb do na. 3obh BHKTopa. OéflH chaht Ha co4>é. Hané Hb oápbiň koctiom. TeHb ot APMa. Kynn rabo k o6eny. npHBei ot Mhth. Bot KoqbéňHHK. Bépa h Mnna y Chmw. flHMa y Jarabí. OmpáBb mícbMa. 3necb a^th.
YnpawHernie 11. IlpocnyiiiaHTe; noBTOpHTe h 3anoMHHTe cnoBa HHocrpaH* Horo npoHcxoMcneHHfl c mhtkhmh oornacHbíMH nepen, [e].
1. nocne 3arjHeH3biqHbix r, k, x, a TaKace noaie ji: KpoKer, KeKC, eeoepa(ßm, aezeMouun, xex, cxeMa, ôaner, nedu,
2. Ilocne ryoHbix 6, b, m, n: npocneKT, cneKTciKjib, KOMrniuMem, uHcneKTOp, KOMneHcaiiun, óeron, Mmodun, KOMem, eemeňbt eepcux.
63
3. nočně flpyrHX coniacHMx: reMa, TexnuKa, reKcr, Odecca, deMOH, deKan, My3eü, nuonep, 3$0eKTt KOHKperHbtu, npo0eccop, Teuop, repMUH, napurer, rexnuKa, deKper, deMOKpamx, deKJiapauun, itHuudeHT, npe3udeHT, denyiuT, ceKu,un, ceKTop, cenra, cepun, pe3epe, KoppeKTop, peKTop, TeMH.
YnpajKHeHHe 12. ripowraiiTe npeanoaceHHH, cnejBrre 3a mhtkoctbio oornac-
HblX B CJIOBaX HHOÄOblWOro npOHCXOJKAeHHH.
Mm c 3hhoh b My3ee. PeKTop b KaöHHeTe. IIpHffTHaa MejiónHH. HÓBbrií npocnéKT. HirrepécHHH cneKTáKJib. KoppéKTop wraeT Teiccr. JJejieráTM h3 Oneccbi. IlHOHepcKHH c6bp oxKpbiT. Ilpoqtéccop roBoptíx o KÓcMoce. npe3HfléHT BCTpéiHjicfl c KoppecnoHfléHTaMH. Pa3BHTHe
T6XHHKH HníiT oýpHMMH TCMuaMH.
ynpaxmeHHe 13. OryuiaflTe, noBTopÄÄTe.
E-e-e; enyr, enb, ecnn» exaTb, ecr, ecrb, eM, noexaji, 3aexan, yexaji, np Hexan.
Ynpa»CHeHHe 14. HammiHTe TpaHCKpHnuHio čněny ioľuhx cjiob: KpacHBO, HHTb, Heôb, ra3eTa, Teivia.
YnpaiKHeHHe  15. Cjiyuiattxe,  noBTopHÄTe,  oonocraBKre npoK3HomeHHe oTKpbrroro h 3aKpbiToro [e],
3H — eň cap— cep
3XO — exan Bana — 6ejiBM
M3p— Mepa irap — rrepen,
YnpaxHeinie   16.  OiyiuaÄTe,   noBTopflttxe   cnoBa   c otkpmtum [e] (6yKBa a).
3pa, snoc, 3KCTpa, 06 stom, tio3t, 3Kcnopr, no33HH, ny3T, 3mm3,
3Hrp, 3TOT, 3XO.
YnpíUKHeHHe 17. npowiaftte npejuicoKeHHfl.
3to 3MMa, dpáyc 3My. HanmiíHTe 06 stom no3ie h o6 stoh noiMe. HÓBan ipa. 0HpMa „áíccTpa". Kapříma 3Hrpa. nponýKTbi Ha SKcnopr.
YnpaxcHeHHe 18. Cnyiuattie, noBTopaňxe. CneflHTe aa npoH3HouieHHeM 6e3y-ttapHoro OTKpbrroro [e] (6yKBa a) b Ha^ajie cjiob.
3KpaH, 3KdI0HaT, 3K3aMeH, 3KCnepT, SKBaTOp, 3rOH3M, 3KBHBa-JieHT,  3K30THKa, 3pyjJHUHfl, 3JieMeHT, 3MOUHÄ, SCKaJiaTOp, 3CTeXHKa,
3CTpafla, 3Tan, sthkct, stsüioh, 3twä, 3KcnepTH3a, snoxa, amoofl, smuior, simieT.
64
ynpawHeHHe 19* üpocriymaftTe, 3anoMHHxe npoH3HomeHHe HHoft3bi<au>ix
CnOB COTKpMTMM [e]:
a) nocne TBépnpro [t] : areÚ3M, are/ibě, eporécK, mrezpán, uHTCpebH), uHTencúeHo, cumémKa, MerpononuTen, crend, TCMÖp1, tShhuc, uHTepeéuiiun, uHTepnauuoHán\
6)nocne TBépnpro [jj]: déjmum, eeode3usi, dereKTÚe, Kódexe, Mode/ib, Modépu, eyndepKÚnd;
b) nocjie TBépnpro [h] : 6u3Hec, TOHuS/ib, rypne, zeuÍ3uct neodap-6UHÚ3M, HeoKnaccuuu3M.
ynpawHeiufe 20. upocayoiaňTe cthxo tbo peHHe. BbaumiHTe h npoH3HecHie cnoBa coTKpbrrwM h 3aKpbrrwM [ej.
3to yrpo, paAOCTb axa, 3ia MOIUb H flHH h CBeia, 3tOT CHHHH CBOfl, 3tot KpHK H BepeHHUbI, 3tH CXaHj 3TM nTMUbl,
3tot roBop boji, 3th HBbi h 6epě3bi, 3th KaruiH — 3th cné3bi, 3tot nyx - He jihct,
3tH ropbl, 3TH flOJlbl, 3tH moiiikh, 3TH nqejibi, 3tOT 3bIK h CBHCT,
3th 3opn 6e3 3aTMeHbH, 3tOT B3HOX HOHHOH
cejieHLJi,
3tü HO Hb 6e3 CH3,
3ia MTJia h acap no denn, 3 Ta Apo 6b h 3TH TpenH, 3to Bce* — BecHa.
(A. <Per)
ynpa>KHeHMe 21. llpomtTaÄTe h 3aTeM HaimuíHTe non nHKTOBKy cJieayjomne cľroBa HHOjnbreHoro npoHcxotkrchhs. IloMHMTe o npoH3HomeHHH h HamicaHHH TBepHbix h MsrKHx corJiacHbix.
ľeorpá^Hfl, rereMÓHHH, reoflébKÄ, Oflécca, AeTeKraB, AeKjiapäuHH, npe3HfleHT» kó^eKc, HHUHAeHT, neMOKpáxHH, Monénb, HfleH, HfleajlH3M, neKáH, neKaHíÍT, Te'ivia, TéxHHKa, hhtchchbho, ctcha, TeMn, leMÖp, TeH-
hhc, TeKCT, HHTepBeHUHH, HHTepHaUHOHájT, HHTepBbK), HHTerpáíi, My3ékt íTHOHep, KOHKpeTHO, njxx^éccop, péKTOp, pe3eps, cépHH, CeKUHfl, KOp-peKTHo, reHe3Hc, TOHHejib, lypHe, HeoAapBHHH3M.
AonycKaeTca BapHaHT c [t*]-
61
ypoK N°6
PEflYKUMfl rJlACHblX [a, e] nOC/IE MflrKHX COrJlACHblX. PYCCKOE yflAPEHME (OBlUAfl XAPAKTEPMCTMKA). PYCCKAfl MHTOHAHMfl.
flEPBAfl MHTOHAUMOHHAfl KOHCTPYKUMfl
PEflYKUMH rJlACHblX [a,e]
ílocjie MHTKHx corjiacHbix rnacHwe [a, e] o6o3HaqaioTCH 6yKBaMH ä, e, HanpHMep: mrco [M'ácb], Me/i [wCm],
B 6e3ynapHbix no3HUHHX nocne MHrKHX corjiacHbix [a, e] penynn-
pyíOTCfl H npH&IHHCalOTCH k KpaTKOMy [h] . B TpaHCKpHIimiH b nepeoM
npenynapHOM cnore 3tot 3ByK o6o3HaqaeTCH [h6] . HanpHMep: eecna [B*HecHá], mhchuk [m'hVh'hk] . Bo BTopoM h TpeTbeM npenynapHOM cnorax, a Taicxce b 3aynapHbix cnorax penyKUHH ycHJiHBaeTCH: 3Aecb npoH3HOCHTCH04eHb KpaxKHH 3ByK, &1H3KHH k [h6] , ho c eme 6oJiee ocjia&ieHHOH apTHKynHUHeň. B TpaHCKpHnuHH oh oôo3HaqaeTCH 3Ha-kom [b]. HanpHMep: dmoeoú [jj'bnABÓň], nxraHOK [n'bTAťoK]. B aôcomoTHOM Konne cnoBa yKa3aHHbie 6e3ynapHbie rnacHbie paajm-qaioTCH, HanpHMep: MÓpe [MÓp'b], h MÓpn [Mop'b],
Ta&Dma npoH3HomeHHfl [a] h [ej nocne matkhx corJiacHtix
Harmca-HMe	npoH3Houieiuie				
	noa yaape-	b nepBOM npe^yflap-hom cjiore	bo II h III npenyaap-ho'm c nora x	b 3ayaap-hom cjiore	b a6co/iH>T-hom KOHUe cjioBa
a	m		w	h	w
e	m	[«C]	n	n	m
Be3yflapHbie OKOHqaHHfl npHJiaraienbHbix My^ccKoro pona c mht-koh OCHOBOH-ero,-eMy>-eMnpoH3H0CHTCHKaK j-bBb], [-bMy], [-bM], HanpHMep: paunezo - pa««[bBb], paHHCMy — paHH[bMy], o pan-
HeM — o päHH[ bM] .
66
npHjraraTejibHbie aceHCKoro po^a c mhitcoh ochoboíí hmciot. b qe-Tbipéx nafleacax (Poa. naA-, ZlaT. naA-, Tb. naA-, ripeAn. naA.) 6e3yAap-HOe oKOHiaHMe -ett, Koiopoe npoH3HOCHTCH Kax [bk], HanpHMep: cu-neŮ - chh [bň].
B Hanane cnoBa nocjie rjiacHbix h nocne ihí 6yKBbi «, e no a yAa-peHHeM o6o3HaHaioT ABa 3Byica: a=[ja], e= [je],   HanpHMep: hcho [jácHb], en [jen], mor [majh], orbe3d [atj^ct], cxaMbR [ck a m*já]. B 6e3yAapHbix cnorax b 3thx no3HHHHx npOHexonHT peAyKiWH, HanpHMep: eda [jheAa], R3biK [jhe3bhc], naRTb [nájbT'] h t. a-
ynpaiKHeHHe 1. CnymaflTe, noBTopjiHTe, cney,KTe 3a H3MeHeHHeM-npOH3HOuieHHx e b 3aB ne hmocth ot MecTa ynapeHHH.
BeK — BeKa Téno —Tejiá
He6o — Heoec Mecro — Meciá
3eMJiH — 3eMJió Aéxro - xená
cHera — CHerá ctchw — CTeHbi
6eper — 6eperá nec — jiecá
xJie6 — xjie6a Mex — Mexá Aepeao — AepeBbfl
Ynpa)KHeHHe 2.    CnymaHTe, noBTOpaHTe, 3aTpaHCKpH6HpyftTe BbmeneH-Hwe cnoBa.
BecHa, cecTpa, HeBa, ceno, Hecy, 3epH0, 3Be3Aa, tcmho, 3BeHO, ne-po, 6eAa, Tenjio, cBeuio, 6eTOH, MeTarui, Menšeny.
ynpaxcHeHHe 3. CnyuiaHTe, noBTopjiHTe, cneflHTe 3a npoH3HOuieHHeM e b I h II npenyjiapHOM cnorax,
BejiHKaH, BeTepOK, BecTH6iojib, AepeBeHCKHH, cepeAHHa, Aenerai, nepepbrB, BnepeAH, Tenerpati), TeneBHsop, reHepan.
ynpa>KHeime 4. TI po h HTaitTe h 3aTpaHcKpn6 Hp yllTe cnoBa: IlepepbiB, TejieBH3op,BnepeAH, cepeAHHa.
ynpa>KHeHHe 5. CnymafíTe, noBTOpaňie, npaBHntHO npoH3HocHre e b 3aynap-hmx cnorax.
OceHb, noBecib, k aMeHb, o^epe Ab, napeHb, KopeHb, nepcTeHb. ynpa>KHeHHe 6. CnyinaňTe, noBTOpafiTe, cneaifre 3a H3MeHeHHeM a nocne
MHTKHX COrnacHMX B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT ynapeHHH.
MHCO — MflCHHK Vac — lacbl
níiTKa - uhtÍk chhji - cHaná*
B3HJI — B3flJlá CBH3b—BCBH3H
Mím — MflHH OKTÍ6pb — B OKTflĎpé
rpH3b — b TpH3H AeBHTbM - AčBHTH
BH3K3 - Bfl3aTb THHyt - THHH
67
YnpaxcHeHiie 7. CnymattTe, noBTopaftTe, HaramiHTe TpaHCKpHimmo Bbwe-neHHbix cnoB c 3aynapHbiM a nocne maxkhx cornacHbix.
BaHH, CHIJH, 3HaMJI, flHftH, BpeMH, TeTfl, IDiaMfl, HffHH, naMHTb, CH-
flH, neBHTEi, Heaenn, apMHH.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 8. noBTOpaftTe 3a npenonaBaTeneM.
M-h-h, jh-jh-jh, ja-jy-jo-jw-jh-jh, ena, erne, eHOT, enHHbiH, e)Ke-nHeBHo, noenHHOK; h-jh-jh, jomk, anno, aHBapb, apnbiK, HmvfeHb, hb-jieHHe, AeHTejibHOdb, naaTb, o&bHBneHHe.
YnpaxcHeHHe 9. IlpocnyuiaHTe h npomnafiTe npenflOHceHHH, cJienHTe 3a pe-flyKUHeft a, e nocne MflrKHx cornacHbix.
B OKTnSpe noejjeM k cecTpe, Ot oceHHero CHHero He6ao3epo Toace CHHee. Mw qacaMH ryjiHjiH Ha Sepery peKH. BnajiH 3eneHeeT none nmvie-hk. IThth mhHyTHbifi nepepbiB okohmhjich. fleneraTbi b BecTHSiojie. B KOMHaTe Tenno h cBexno. Hhhh cBH3ana CBHTep b nonapoK. Ilepe-
BeCTH TeKCT Ha pyCCKHH h3mk.
ynpawHeHHe 10. npocnymaflTe h npomrraftTe pyccKHe nocnoBHuu. Oieanre 3a penyKimeft rnacHbix h MarxocTbio cornacHbix.
Map He 6e3 AoSpwx moflen. JleTHHH fleHb rofl KopMHT. 3ojioto h b rpK3H GjiecTHT. Ha HeT h cyna HeT. Ha BCHKoe xoreHbe ecTb Tepne-Hbe. Hauuia Koca Ha KaMeHb. HeT flbiMy 6e3 ornn. HoBaa Meuia mhcto MeTeT. Ojjhh b none He bohh. ilepBaa 6paHbnymne nocneAHen. CKonb-
KO JieT, CKOJIbKO 3HM.
YnpaTKHeHHe 11. IlpocnymaftTe h npoqHTaflTe tckct, cnejjHTe 3a npoH3HOuie-hhcm comacHbix nepeq, e, h h penyKUHeft rnacHbix.
TP03A
Bepa c Hhhoh 6wjih b Jiecy. Bapyr amee He6o CTano cepwM. CsepK-Hyna mohhhh, 3arpeMen rpOMH nonnn n.OKnb.Jl.eTH ncnyranncbH 6po-cMJiMCb 6e»caTb.
Both jjdmnecHHica. 3iiecb Tenno h cyxo.
BcKope rpo3a KOHijHJiacb, h ohh CHOBa coonpanH rpnSw h arojjM b npoxnaflHOM necy.
PYCCKOE YflAPEHME (OELUAfl XAPAKTEPMCTMKA)
PyccKoe ynapeHHe aBnaeTca pa3HOMecTHbi m, t. e. oho mo-TKej nanaTb Ha rnoSoH cnor, HanpHMep: KHuea, Bacunuu, nodMo-
CKOeHblU,    3eMJlR    (Ha   nepBOM,  BTOpOM,   TpeTbeM,   KOHeHHOM CJIO-
rax).
68
ynapeHHe b pycCKOM H3biKe nrpaeT cmhcjto p a 3 ji h ■ t e ji b h y k> pojib: 3cimÓk (Ha jjpepH) h 3ÓMOK (nBopeu), Myxá (npo-ayKT IMTaHHH) h MyKa (MyneiiHe).
PyccKoe ynapeHHe n o n b h tk h o. 3to Ba^oio 3HaTb npn paannqe-hhh rpaMMarHwecKHX (jx>pM, HanpHMep, Her cTenú h eucoKue créubi, HdCTb OKHU h oepoMHbie OKHCL.
C h ji o b o ň xapaKTep ynapemifl b pycCKOM H3biKe onpenenHeT HanpflHceHHOCTb apTHKynjnrHH h nJiHienbHOCTb 3ByqaHHH ynapHbix cjio-tob no cpaBHeHHK) c 6e3ynapHbiMH, qeivi, b qacTHOcTH, o&bHCHHeTcn pe-nyKUHH rnacHwx 3ByicoB b 6e3ynapHbix cjiorax.
YnpaiKHeHMe 12. npoqtrrattTe npejopio>KeHHH. BbinmiiHTe napaMH cnoBa, ko-Topbie OTJiimaiOTOi MecTOM ynapeHHJi. OiejjHTe 3a npomHomeHHeM oesy/japHbix a ho.
1. Bot cTapHHHMH KpacHBbiň 3amok. Hano 3aMeHHTb stot 3aMOK: oh cTapbiň. 2. H3wk — ópran péqH. OpraH — My3biKanbHbrii HHCTpyMeHT. 3. fln« KocTiOMa 6bui KyímeH oenbiň auiác. Bot moh áiíiac. 4. ,J1ojikh pflflbí cboh coMKHyjiH, b KycTax paccbinajiHCb cToeniaí". {JJyuiKUH). 3to HÓBbie nojiKH pjix khht. 5. CTpenKH roTÓBHTCfl k copeBHOBáHHHM. CTpénKH qacoB noaxónHT k ceMH. 6. BpeMeroi 6bmo Májio. JIhtíi eme Mano. 7. CnópHTb c Heň 6biná MyKa. MyKa 6ena>í. 8. MaTb BbíxojjHjia oojibHÓro cbma. MaTb HecKOJibKo pa3 BbixoflHJia na ĎanKOH. 9. flopora. b rópbi. Xloporá KájKaaa MHHyra. 10. Tpóná CTaHOBHTca Bcě ýace, no Heň Hejib3a yacé Hnní, 11. j\áňre muč mok> nájiKy. ň m6k> pyKH. 12. ^áň-hhk 3aKHneji, pyKH o6najió nápoM. ÍTapÓM nonBÓ3HT iypHCTOB k Qe-pery. 13. Oh 3hskom c toooh? Oien no3Báji Memí 3H£ikom. 14. Ba3a ctoht Ha cToné. CKonbKo ctoht 3Ta Ba3a? 15. IIoroBOpHM noTÓM. Ot
JKapbl JIHU.0 nOKpbUIOCb nÓTOM.
ynpaiKHeHMe 13. IlpoH3HecHTe cneflyiomHe cnoBa, conocTaBbTe hx no 3Hawe-Hwo. CnejiHTe 3a penyKUHeií rnacHbix.
3aMOK — 3aMOK noniaí — nonicH
aTJiác — áuiac mok» — mok>
ceno — céjio MyKa — MyKa
yjKe — ýace opraH — opraH
napbi — nápw 6ejiKH — 6ejiKH
xnonoK — xnonoK BbixonHJia — Bbixonnna
uejiýio — uejiyio no po roň — no po roň
cnaná — cnána napÓM — nápoM
ynpancHeHHe 14. IlpoqHTaíÍTe, npocnejjHTe 3a H3MeHeHHeM MecTa yflapeHtw b BbiaeJieHHbix cnoBax. rioMHHre o peayKUHH rnacHwx.
JIom ymÍTena. ywrenH npHexajm.
HeT TBoero ánpeca. 3to hx anpecá.
IlpaBo rónoca. Tonocá mnu.
HaneKo ot 6épera. Beperá KpacHBbi.
69
Oh He notári pyiai.
Mbl npOTHB BOHHM.
^acTb creHbi 3aicpbiTa. TpH cKajibi.
néTp He noflHiiri tojiobm.
BeCTH H3 flajlěKOň CTOpOHW. ripHMep BeJTHKOH CTpaHbl.
Hex roiCbMa.
ITomoh pyKH.
BÓHHbi npHHOCHT niöejib
niOflHM-
Ctchm 5ejiwe. 3to CKajibi. Bbime rojioBbi!
Mbi noimiH b pa3Hbie cropOHbi. BecTH jieTHT bo Bee crpaHbi. Bot Bee micbMa.
pyCCKAH MHTOHAUHfl
Koma Mbl rOBOpHM, TO npOH3HOCHM CJlOBa He H SOUK pOB aHHO, ot-
nejiHH Apyr ot Apyra HHTepBanaMH, a o6beAHH>reMhx b rpynnw. B 3thx rpynnax cnoBa cBH3aHbi no CMbicjiy h HHTOHanjiOHHO. CnoBO hjih rpyn-na cjiob, npencTaBnHioinHe co6oh HHTOHannoHHoe nenoe h Bbipaacaio-
UTHe 3aKOHqeHHyiO HJIH OTHOCHTeJIbHO 3aKOH»feHHyK) MblCJlb, Ha3blBaiOT-
CH CHHTarMOH. npeAno^ceHHe R uuraio npeACTaBJiaeT co6oh OAHy chh-TarMy. B npeanoKeiniH ň wraio, a oh ne c/iyiuaer — ABe cHHTarMbi1.
CHHTarMbi HrvteioT pa3Hoe HHTOHainioHHoe Bbipa^KeHHe b 4)opMe
HHTOHaUHOHHOH KOHCTpyKUHH. HHTOHaUHOHHaJi KOHCTpyKUHH (cOKpa-
měHHo HK, npoH3HocHTCH [HKá]) HMeeT ueHTp; 3to yflapHbifi cnor rnaBHoro no CMbicjiy cnoBa. HeHTp UK acjiht ee* Ha npeAUeHTpOByio h nocineHTpoByio qacra. HanpHMep, b npeAJioacemiH Cezódnx xó/iod-ho HHTOHanHOHHbiM ueHTpoM HBJiHeTCH ynapHbifi c310t-xo-b cnoBe xo-jioôho, npeaneHTpoBaH MacTb: ce-ao-dnx, nocrueHTpoBaji qacTb: -nod-no.
B 3aBHCHM0CTH ot H3MeHeHHH ABH^ceHHH ToHa, a TaK5Ke HanpJDKÖH-HOCTH h AAHTejibHOCTH 3By<iaHHJi TJiacHbix b ueHTpe HK h b ee npeA-
U,eHTpOBOH H nOCTUeHTpOBOH qaCTHX, pa3JIHiaiOTCH CeMb OCHOBHblX TffllOB HHTOHanHOHHblX KOHCTpyKUHH BpyCCKOM H3bIKe (nfllh. H3 hhx
npeAJiaraetCH win äKTHBHoro ycBoeHHJi}.
riEPBAfl HHTOHAUHOHHAfl KOHCTpyKUHH
06biqHo HK-1 (npOH3HocHTcn: [hkA — aa'hh]) BbipaacaeT 3aBep-
Ulé'HHOCTb MblCJIH B nOBqCTBOB3TeJlbHOm npeAJiOHceroiH. IIpeAueHTpo-
BaH nacTb np0H3H0CHTCH Ha cpenHeM tohc B ueHTpe h nocTuempoBOH
qacTHX npoHcxoAHT cnoKOHHoe noHHaceHHe to Ha hhx£ cpeAHero.
YflapHbiH rnacHbiH b ueHTpe HK 3HaqHTenbHo AnnTejibHee npeAyAapHbix
h  nocjieyAapHbix, oh npoH3HocHTCH npoTaacHO, iuiaBHo: Ceeodnn i
xoroôho.
B noBecTBOBaTeflbHOM npefljiOHceHHH HHTOHauHOHHbiH neHTp o6bm-Ho HaxonHTCH b nocjieAHeM cnoBe, ho b HeKOTOpwx cnyqaHx, npn cmm-
BepTHKanbHOH qep-rofi o6o3HaqaeTca 3HaK <uieHeHHx Ha CHHTarMbi.
70
cflOBOH aKueHTHpoBKe, oh moíkct nepeaBHraTbCfl, HanpHMep: JJßüTe
kW au. Terpadu muce daüre.
CjienyeT 3ano mhhtl naHÔojiee THľmwihie chhtuk ch Me cicne kohct-
pyKlJHH, KOTOpbie HHTOHHpyiOTCH KaK HK-1.
1. IlpH npHMoň penH^Korna cnoBa aBTOpa HaxonflTca b npeno3H-uhh, HanpHMep: Uôolh ckclkui: 1 , JIoňneM noGbicTpee".
2. Bo Bcex cnoxcHbix npenno>iceHHHx, rae nocnenyiomee pacKpw-
BaeT CMbicn npeabiayinero. B iiHcbMeHHOH pe^H 3flecb oôwmho ÔbmaeT
i
nBoeTowHe, HanpHMep: IIpoey/iKa ne cocrosuiacb: I nonwi nponuenoü
i íl ôoxcdb. H ebizARHyn U3 okhü u ucnyeajicjt: I mou Kom nporum. Knuza
na3biecuiacb tuk: ,JIyrb e kocmoc".
YnpaiKHeHHe 15. CnyuiaÖTe h noBTopaflTe.
i li i
Bot HHCTHTyT.    3to hhcthttt. HHCTHTyT. Hny b aynHTopHio. i iii Bot aynHTopHH. 3to ayaHTopna. OHa cBOöoaHa. TaM cťyaeHTbi. ľpyn-
í i íl >
na CTyaeHTOB. TaM 3aHHTHH. HayT 3aHHTHH. TaM neKUHH. TaM cBOôoa-
i i i i
ho. 3an cBoooaeH. TaM 3aHflT0. 3aa 3aHHT. 3to OHÔJiHOTeKa. Mhoto
i i i i
CTyaeHTOB. TaM mhoto cryaeirroB, Bot CBOooanoe MecTO. 3to khh-
íii i ru. 3to KOHcneKTbi. Bot JiaMna. 3to cTonoBaa. noöaeM b crono*
i i i i        i i
Byio. 3to 6y<peT. Mhoto Hapoay. Em cyn. Oh ecT. H eM. Oh noen.
Mbi ooeaaeM. Ha nepBoe cyn. Ha BTOpoe KOTneTW. Ha 3aKycKy ca-11 i i
jiaT. Bo3bMH KO<J)e. fl nroÔJiH) KO<{>e. ň jhoôjiio Kocpe c mojiokom.
i i it
Eay aoMOH. noexan aoMoň. Eay Ha MeTpo. Eay aBto6ycom. Cicopo i i i
moh aOM. 3tO 06uíe5KHTHe. 3tO moh HOBbIH 30M.
Ynpa)KHeHHe 16. TlpocnyiuauTe h npHíHTatfTe xeKCT. OnpenemiTe UeHTpbi HK-1.
Y Hac ypOK. 3to ayaHTopmi. Mw CTyaeHTbi. Mm H3yMaeM
pyCCKHH H3MK. Mbl BCe TOBOpHM nO-pyCCKH. PyCCKHH H3WK KpacHB. PyCCKHH H3bIK TpyAHblH. Mbl XOTHM 3HaTb pyCCKHH H3MK.
ynpaxcHeHHe 17. BiviecTO ToqeK nocraBbTe nofljie^camee, npoqHTaÄTe npeflJio-
HCeHHH, HHTOHHpyH HX KaK HK*1.
0 6 p a 3 e n. : ... wraer - crydem nuraer.
. . . pHcyeT, . . . ynbiSaeTCH, . . . bohht Mannury, . . . paccica3bi-BaeT cKa3KH, . . . oôeaaeT b ctojioboh, . . . roBopni no rene^owy, ... OTnpaBnaeTCHB 10 qacoB.
71
ynpawHeHHe 18. Ha30BHTe npemvieTbi, KOTOptie Bac OKpyacaiOT, ynoTpe6HB cnoßa bot hjih sto. CneflHTe 3a HHTOHHpOBaHHeM HK-1.
0 6 p a 3 e u : Bot okho. 3to okho.
ynpajKHeime 19. OiymaÄTe, cnefluxe 3a cnhthocTbK) nporaHOuieHHa chob h ycKOpeHHeM Teivina hx npOH3HeceHHJi b 3aBhchmocth ot oötSivia cHHTarMbi. ripoqHTaÄTe BMecTe c npenojjaBaTeneM. IlpoqHTaÖTe caiw octo irren bHO, 1
MoHflpyr.
1
3to moh flpyr. i 3to moh flpyr MnxaHji.
1
3to moh flpyr MHxaHJi co BTOporo Kypca.
1
3to moh flpyr MHxaHJi co BTOporo Kypca Haiuero qbaKynbTeTa. 1
BpampHexan. 1
Bpai npHexan paHo. 1
BpaT npHexan paHo yTpoM. 1
BpaT npHexan paHo yTpoM Ha B0K3aji.
BpaT npHexan paHo vtdom Ha BenopyccKHH B0K3aji.
YnpajKHeHHe 20. npocnymaftTe tckct. Onpeflenirre Ha cnyx ueHTpbi HK-1. npoqHTafiTe, Onpeflenirre npHMerbi oceHH.
OCEHb
HacTyimna ocenb. Jim CTajiH Kopoqe. IIo>KenTenH jiHCTbH. Ohh neqajibHO onaflaioT. HepeflKO MopocHT floacnb. Ac(J)aribT mok-pbiH. Heöo cepoe. CojiHne cbctht peflKO. Ero jiyHH rpeioT cjiaöo.
ynpaxcHeHMe   21.   npocnymattTe,   npocnenHTe  3a  H3MeHeHHeM phtmh-
kh       h       HHTOHaUHH       B        3aB hchm O CTH       OT       MeCTa       UeHTpa       HK"1 .
1 1
3onoTan oceHb. OceHb 30jiOTan.
1 1
IlTHflbi yneTaioT. YneTaioT nTHflbi.
1 1
Jlec onycTen. OnycTen nee.
1 1
Bcanycbipo. Cwpo b cajry.
1 1
Tpaßa MOKpaa. MoKpaa Tpaßa.
ynpxcHeiuie 22. *lKraÖTe, cne/iHTe 3a HHTOHaiiHefl. QienaHTe pa3MCTKy
T6KCTa.
Bot ayflHTopHH. Ona ynoGHaa h CBexnaa. Mbi nroöHM cboh hhcth-
TyT: 3to Ham BTOpOH flOM. 3aHHTHH C BOCbMH TpHflflaTH. B flBeHäflflaTb
nepepbiB. Mbi oÖeflaeM b CTonOBOÜ. B HHcnnyTe flßa HHTänbHbix 3äna. TaM mbi KOHcneKTHpyeM h MHTaeM. B 3äne HHOCTpaHHOH nmepa-Typbi Mbi MHTaeM, nepeBOflHM. TaM mhoto khht Ha hhoCTpaHHbix
72
H3WKax. Ot HHCTHTyTa no o6me»HTHH HenaneKo. Flo bmxoähmm
flHHM Mbl 3HaKOMMMCH C MoCKBOM: xÓflHM b My3eH H TeaTpbl.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 23. FIpocnyiuaHTe, oßpaTHre BHHMaHHe Ha nojiojKeHHe ueHTpoB HK-1. npoqHTattTe BMecTe c npeno^aBaTeneM. UpowraHTe caMOcTOH-xeJibHO.
IlO 3JJHHH OCeHb. i
ľpami yneiejiH. i
JleC OÖHajKHJICH
i
Ilona onycTejiH.
TonbKO He oicaTa riojiocKaonHa TpycTHyio nyiviy HaBOJiHT oHa. (H. HeKpacoe.)
Y P O K N° 7
corxiACHbiň [j ] (APTMKyjiauna, tpaomheckoe
OE03HAHEHHE). COTJIACHblE ľlEPEA \j ]• yflAPEHME B CymECTBMTEJlbHblX My)KCKOrO POflA. BTOPAfl MHTOHAUMOHHAfl KOHCTPyKUHfl MK-2 M EE BAPMAHT MK-2a
B pyccKOM H3biKe corjiacHbiH [j] BbiciynaeT b ynapHbix h 6e3y-napHbix cnorax1. B ynapHOM cnore [j] xapaKTepH3yeTc>i HanpjDKé'H-Hoň apíHKynmiHeH: noe/i [n Ajen], Kpax (KpAJaJ. B 6e3ynapHOM cnore h b KOHiie cnoBa stot 3ByK npoH3HOCHTCH c ocnaôjieHHOH apiH-KynHHHeö, b TpaHCKpHiTHHH o6o3HanaeTCH [h] , HanpuMep: Kpdn [Kpánb], Kpaü [Kpan], MaÜKa [iviáHKb].
rpa(j)HqecKH [j] Bbipa»:aeTCH no-pa3HOMy b 3äBHCHMOCTH ot no-no^ceHHH b cnoBe: b Hakane cnosa h nocne rnacHbix — iepe3 6yKBw a, H), e, e (hmü, toe, noe/i, Moe); nocne corjiacHbix — 6yKBaMH b h "b QtbK), c-ben, CKajvibH, nod-bCM) .
Bce cornacHbie (k po Me in, hc) nepefl [j] (no3HUH>r t3k Ha3bmae-Moro pa3nejiHTejibHoro b) npOH3HocHTCH matko: cydbx, eopoôbu,
CeMbX.
riepen, pa3flejiHTenbHbiM i> CMflniaioTCíi npncTaBKH c-, b-, HanpH-Mep:c^£rt [c'jeji], 67>e3d [b'jcct]2.
Cm, o npOH3HOiiieHHH 3Byxa [j] b ypOKe Ne 5.
B coBpeMeHHOM pyccKOM «3biKe A°nycKaeTcH BapHarHSHoen» npoH3HO uieHHa: [c'jen] h [cjen], [b'jcct] h [Bjecr] h t. a.
73
ComacHbie b npHcraBKax ot-, non-, na«-, nepen,-, 06-, He CMHrqaioT-
ch, HanpHMep, b cnoBax: onexcm, nodzěM, oÖteM, oöhextm.
ynpajKHeraie 1. OiyinaftTe, noBTopaHxe.
A-a-a, h-h-h, y-y-y, io^o-h), 0-0-0, é-e-e, 3-3-3, e-e-e;
HMa, hcho, Hp, flpyc, Manie, H)pa, wr, IQjih, lopKHH, coio3, Snica, no-St, 3ae'M, en, eM, eci, ecxm, noen, noexan, H3Ba, npKHH, npHHTHo, 3anB-Ka, Hfl, ywT, HpMapKa.
Ynpa)KHeHHe 2. ľlpocJiyiiiaHTe h npoqirraHTe npejpioaceHHH, cne^HTe 3a npo-H3HO meH H cm [j]. Onpen,eriHTe tmii HK,
Tyr HMa. H)pa ecT cyn. y KaiOTw i&Hra, y MmroTnycK b hiohc Mm noém. BnajiH mslsĺk. ĚJiKa 3ejieHa. IIoéneM Ha tor. KoMHaia npHHTHan h yioTHaH. CßeT hpkhh.
ynpaxcHeiflie 3. OiymaftTe, noBiopHHTe, conocraBbTe npoH3HoiiieHHe cjiob.
ynpaxcHemie 4. IIpomn-aATe npHnaraTeniHbie, cnejiHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHCM [h] h penyKUHefl rnacHbix,
HoBbiH, cTapbiH, noßpbiH, KpacHbiö, cBeuibin, xononHbm, Tenjibin,
yHeÖHblH, OTKpblTblH, 3aKpbITblH, H)HbIH, 3eJlěHbIM, OejIbM, MÖpHblH, CIIO-COÖHblH.
YnpaiKHeHHe 5. npoMHTaftre h 3anoMHHTe ynapeHwe b npHjiaraTejibHbix. Cne-flHTe 3a npoH3HoiueHHeM [h] .
PoflHOH, COJIbUIOH, tr/ÍKOH, MOpCKOH, CeflOH, CJienOH, 30J10TOÖ, npHMOÖ, CTenHÓH, rOpOflCKÓň, H3bIKOBOH, myXOH, MOHOflOH, BOpOHOH, CyxÓii, flHeBHOH, HOMHÓH.
ynpoKHemra 6. íl po mm Taft re h 3anoMHHTe n pHJi ar aTeJibHbie c mhtkhmh h
6e3yjj,apHbiMH 0KOBmaHHHMh} npaBKnbHO npoH3HOcHTe [h] .
ýtpeHHHH, BeqépHHH, BHyTpeHHHH, BHeilIHHH, flájlbHHH, 6jTH)KHHH, paHHHÖ, n03flHHH, BeC^HHUH, JieTHHH, 3HMHHH, OCeHHHH, flOMaiUHHH, ne-péflHHH, 3áflHHH, CHHHH, KpácHblH, JIŠľKHH, MOKpblH, CKOpbJÜ, ßepHblH,
MyflpbiH.
60H — Soň
CBOH — CBOH CaHaTOpHH — CäHaTOpHH BOHHbl — BOHHbl CiaHUHH — CTaHHHH
My3en — My3eň
MOH — MOH JIHHHH — JIHHHH
capan — capaň
CJIOH — CJIOH
napiHH — napTHH ipaMBaH — TpaMBaÄ ypoacaH — ypoHcaň ayflHTopHH — ayAHTopHH repOH — repoS
TB O H — TBOÍÍ
KOHCepBaTOpHH — KOHCepBatOpHH
cnynaH - cjiy^aň
74
YnpajKHeHHe 7. npoqHTaftie nopHflKOBbie TOCJiHTejiLHHe, cnenjiTe 3a y«ape-
HHeMH3ByKOM [gj b OKOHiaHHHX.
népBbIH, BTOpOH, TpeTHH, HeTBepTblH, IIHTbffl, IIieCTOH, cenbMOH, BOCbMOH, fleBHTblH, JJ,eCflTblH.
YnpaxcHeHHe 8. GiyuiaBTe, noB-ropjiitTe.
Ba-6H-6bH, Ba-BH-BbH, fla-fla-flbH, 3a-3fl-3bÄ, Ma-MH-MbH, Ha-HH-Hbfl,
na-na-nbfl, ca-ca-Cbfl, la-TH-Tba, 4>a-4>a-(})bH.
YnpaiKHeHHe 9.  CnymaftTe, noBTopKÜTe. OöparaTe BHHMaHHe Ha cmmcjio-
YnpaxcHeHHe 10. CnymaftTe, noBTopjiftTe. CneaHTe 3a apTHKyjunmeft mät-khx cornacHbix nepeA [j].
[6'j   — BOpo6bH, BOpOÔbH), BOpo6b§M,   O BOpOÔbe;  6bK), 6bOT, 6beM,
6bWT; pbiöbH, pbi6bfl, pbi6bK). [n*] — nbeca, nbecy, nbecoň, o nbece; m>io, nběT, m>öM, nběTe, nwoT;
xjionba, b xjTonbHx, xnonbHMH, nbHHMH, onbHHeji. [b'] — conoBbH, cojioBbfl, conoBbK), cojiOBb^M, o cojioBbe; nepeBbH,
AepeBbHM, Ha nepeBbffx; Bbio, BběT, BběM, bmot, Bbiora; My-
paBbH, MypaBbHM, MypaBbHMH, o MypaBbax. [m'] - ceMbH, ceMbHj, ceMběň, o ceMbe; cicaMbH, cKaMbio, CKaMběž,
ocKaMbe; npeMbep, npeMbepa. [ť] — cTaTbfl, CTaTbH, cTaTbH), cTaTbéô, o cTaTbe; ruiaTbe, nnaTb«,
nnaTbio, iuiaTbeM, o ruiaTbe;  TaTbHHa, TaTbHHbi, TaTbHHy,
c TaTbHHoň, o TaTbHHe; nncTba, JiHCTbeB, nncTbHM, nncTbíiMH,
HanHCTbax; rocTba; ruieTbio. [fl'] - cynbH,  cynbH, cyflbio, cynbeň, o cyflbe, cynbH; Jiaftba,
nanbH, nanbio, nan^e, nanten, rp03ín>fl; Teipantio, Han ruio
maflbio.
[c*]   — KOJlOCbH, KOJIOCbeB, KOJIOCbHM, Ha KOJIOCbHX.
[3']   — flpy3bH, Apy3bHM, flpy3bHMH, O Apy3bHX; 06e3bHHa, OÖeSbHHy,
o6e3bflHe, o6e3bHHOH.
[H']   — CBHHbfl,  CBHHbH, CBHHbK), CBHHběň, O CBHHbe; BOCKpeceHbe,
c   BOCKpeceHbH,   no   BocicpeceHbflM;   KOHbHK; HbioTOH,
OCeHbK).
pa3JiHUHTejibHyio ponb [j].
cen — eben CéMKa — cbéMKa noněT — nonběT canioT — conbioT
HCHBěM — JKHBbÖM BOT — BběT rOCTH — rOCTbH
cyw - cyflbH
conio — conbK) Konfl — KonbH nonio — nonbro
6e3 ceMH — 6e3 ceMbH
KOpOBe — KOpOBbe 30BéT — 3aBběT
npHMep — npeMbep b cyae — cynbe
75
ynpawHeme 11. üpooiyiuafiTe oTpuBKH h3 cobctckhx neccH, noBTopaft-Te BbmeJieHHue cnoBa, CJieflHTe 3a npaBwnbHbiM n po h3HO iiieHM qm mhtkhx COrna-CHMX h 3ByKa [j].
ITo flOJiHHaM h no B3rOpb5IM ...............
Ulna ÄHBH3HH Bnepěn, Ben* c jhooobmo bmcctc
ÍTOObi c 6oK) B3íiTb npHMOpbe -     K H&M npHxoflflT necHH, BenoH apMHH oeüiot. Oiobho b aom mpysbsi.
(77. Ilap&eHoa). {M. Phöuhuh) .
ynpaacHeHHe 12. npoqHTaöTe tckct, cnenHTe 3a npOH3HoiueHHCM cornacHbix nepen jj] h apTHKynauHeň 3Byxa [j], BbinmiiHTe cnoBa c BwneJieHHMMH ane-MCHTaMH. npoqHTaftTe hx.
B JlECy
Hnbfl, TaxbHHa n Co4>ui jik>6ht npHpony. ITo BOCKpecé*HbHM orní rynáioT b Jiecý. JJopóra nneT nójieM OBcá. Kojiócbh co3penn. Orní nácKOBO npHKacáioTCfl k iuiaTbio, 030pHbie BopoSbH ioiioiÓt 3é'pHa. Bot h nepBbie nepénhsi, nx núcrhn npHBeTJiHBO inyMHT. Y ivtypaBeHHHKa CHyMT aejiOBHTbie MypaBbH. A bot KyxyniKa, oná He Bber me3jj,á. B ne-cý thxo, cnbiujHO TÓjibKo, KaK conoBbH no MT. JIpy3bH OTfloxnynn b ne-cý.
YnpaiKHeHHe 13. UHTaiíTe npejyiojKeHHH, npaBHFibHO hx HHTOHHpyílTe, cnenH-Te 3a apTHKyJiHUHeft [j] h mätkhx cornacHwx.
Boflá 6běT o ôeper. Tponá BběTca BflOJib peicH. Cicópo noJibé't AOjKHb. Bbióra 3aNiená Bce Aopórn. H BCTajr Mečeny ceMbiÓ n Boceivibio qacaMH. Mbi yBiínejiH basjih KpecTbHHCKHe H3Öbi. Jlpy3bá nrpajin Ha 4)opTenbHHO b qeibipe pyKH. BbĽfi nÓAaH KOHbHK c jthmohom. IToMTajib-Óh Monqa pacnncáricfl.
ynpa/KHeHHe 14. HanmiíHTe TpaHCKpHimmo cnen,yioiii,nx cjiob: BOflá, CeMbK), Apy3bH, <f)OpTenbflHO.
YnpajKHeHHe 15, IlpocnyuiaHTe CTHxoTBopcHHe. IlpOH3HecHTe Bwn,eJi eHHtie cnoBa, cneflHTe 3a npOH3HomeHHeM [j] h MarKMX cornacHbix.
M3 CMHpeHbH He nnnryTCH croxoTBopeHwi, H Hejib3Ji nx nncaTb hh Ha m£ ycMOTpeHte. ToBopHT, hto hx MOíKHo HHcaTb H3 npe3peHbfl. Hei!
j^HKTyeT hx TonbKO npo3peHbe.
(JJ. MapTbiHoe)
76
yflAPEHľlE B CyiMECTBMTEJlbHblX My>KCKOrO POAA
3anoMHHTe cjienyiouiHe cnyqaH cTaÖHjibHoro ynapeHHji b cymecT-
BHTejIbHblX MJOKCKOrO pOflaľ
1. cymecTBHTenbHbie, HMeioiirHe ôernwe rnacHbie o h e, Bcerna npo-H3HOCHTCH c yoapHbiMH OKOHMaHHHMH bo Bcex cjwpMax1. HanpHMep,
0T6U — OTlfd - OTltý - OTliOM — 06 OTl{,é (hjIM TaKHe CJIOBa, KaK nOTO-
jioK, yzon, Koneu, nynoK);
2. cymecTBHTenbHbie, oKaHMHBaiomHecH Ha -y, -10 b npennoacHOM naneace, Bcerna hmcmt ynapHoe OKOHqainie, HanpHMep: na Mocry, e ca-áý, e Kpbmý;
3. MHorae cyuíecTBHTenbHbie MyaccKoro pona HMeiox bo MHoacecT-BeHHOM HHcne ynapHoe OKOHqaHHe -a, K hhm othochtch TaKHe, KaK aá-peca, ôepezd, eenepá, zna3a, Ooxá, zonocd, zopoda, doKTopd, Kpak, Ky-nom, need, nyza, Macrepd, HOMepá, ocrpoed, nacnoprd, napycd, noe3dd, poza, pyKaeá, cnezd, xonoda, npog3eccopd, ronond.
ynapHoe oKoimaHHe -a bo mho^ksctb chhom MHcne npHHHMaioT cymecTBHTenbHbie c nonHornacHbiMH coqeTaHHAMH ono, opo, epe, ene (ohh HMeioT o6biqHo ynapeHHe Ha HaqanbHOM cnore b enHHCTBeHHOM MHcne). HanpHMep: xónoá - xonoda, ôépez - ôepezd.
HeoöxonHMO OTnHwaTb qbopMbi MHOHcectbchhoro qncna h ponn-TenbHoro naneaca enHHCTBeHHoro qncna: y zopoda h nautu zopoda, or CTOpOMa h MHozue CTopoxcá.
B HeKOTopbix cnyqanx qbopMbi MHoacecTBenHoro qncna Ha -a (h) h 4>opMbi Ha -w(h) OTnnqaioTcn no 3HaqeHHio: opáend (3HaKH OTnHqHa) h ópdeHbi (HanpHMep, pbniapcKHe); nazepÁ (imoHepcKHe) h názepu (BoeHHbie), lie era (oKpacKa) h yeeTbi (pacTemin) ;
4. nocTOHHHoe   ynapeime  6bmaeT Ha cnenyioiHHX cytjxpHK-
cax:
- hct  ■ KOMMynÚCT, XCypHOJlÚCT
- aiTT - 3KCKypcaHT, My3blKaHT
• em — crydéuT, áoKyMCHT
- ep — crajtcep, ôoKcep
- HOHep - KonneKuuonép, Munuiiuonép
- H3M - K0MMyHU3M, couluanú.3M, KanUT0nU3M -ě)K(e)K) — nepřejíc, mhtÍm
- 3HHH(íihhh) - pocToeudnuH, KueenxHUH, wjtcaHUH, zopoxazHuH
- a>k - 3Kundotc, MOHráx
- aq - cunän, Kandn
- aT - dunnoAtdr, áenezdr
„Bern mm h" Ha3biBaioTCH rnacHbie, BtinajjaiomHe npH cícnoHeHHH, HanpHMep: oeypeif — oaypiid, MeuiOK - Meiuícd.
77
- aK — uydaK, npocrm
- bOH — daTcuibOH, 6ysib6n;
5. cymecTBHTeJibHwe, oKaHMHBaiomHeca Ha -jior h -rpa<J>, He hmciot Ha 3thx qacTHX yaapeHHH: $u/iosioe, snuepatf;
6. cymecTBHiejibHbie c cy<t)({)HKC0M -«k He HMeioT qbmccHpOBaHHO-ro yaapeHHH Ha cy4>4>HKce: aKademiK, kputuk;
7. npe4>HKcajibHbie <J)opMbi b pyccKOM H3biKe oSbwho HMeioi 6e3y-AapHbie npHdaBKH: pacxod, npuuea, pa3den, noeopor, nepexod;
8. MMeiOTca aKiieHTOjiorHqecKHe pa3jTHqHH Meacny pyccKHM hhho
CTpaHHblMH H3bIKaMH b pHfle CJIOB HHOa3bI*fflOrO IlpOHCXOJKneHHH: Tp&HCnopT, 3KC7lOpT, UMHOpT, <16T06yC H flp.
ynpawHeHHe 16. IIpocKJioHHHTe cymecTBHTeJibHwe, cnenHTe 3a yuapemieM. IlponaBeii, noxonoK, necoK, yron, opSn, Kociep, najieu, KycoK, ho-
COK.
YnpajKHeHHe 17. 3anoMHHTe cnoBa c ynapHbiM oKOHuaHHeM b ngeonoxcHOM na^ejKe. CocxaBbTe c hhmh cjioBocoHeTaHRH.
Ha nony, b yrny, b uneasy, b KpwMy, Ha Mocrry, b cany, b necy, b 6bKy, b CHery, b roieny, b Kpyry, b pony, Ha JJoHy, b KnHHy, Ha Kpaib, b nomcy, Ha oepery, b 6bpy, Ha Hocy, b pany, b ma3y, b crory.
YnpajKHeHHe 18. ripaBHJibHo HHToHHpyftre npejyio>KeHH«, cneujue 3a yflape-HHeM BbifleneHHbix cjiob.
rja Ka>KflOM mary Gbina oiracHocrb. AepeBba b cnery. p cany inse-iyT po3W. JI He ocianca b n.onry. BpaT b KpbiMy. B necy thxo. Teipa-
m b uneasy. BeHHK b yrny. B Kpyry n,py3eii. Ha Kpaio nponacrH. Ha
ZJoHy KpacHBO. qaiiKoBCKHH nam b KnHHy. Bo BTopoM pany. Bbui b
o-rnycKy. Oikh Ha Hpcy, B 6opy npoxnanHo. Ha Mocry th-ma. Ha nony KOBep. y Hac b nonKy.
YnpaiKHeHHe 19- 06pa3yftTC cymeCTBHTenLHbie mho>KeCTBeHHoro MHcna c ynapHMMH okouhohkhmh -a (a). CneflHTe 3a cobhtom yflapeHHJi.
O 6 p a 3 e ii: mcrep- mcrepd
JJoKTop, ropofl, opaeH, CTopoac, ronoc, Be^ep, 6eper, y^HTenb, anpec, Kynon, HOMep, ocrpoB, nacnopT, napyc, xonon,, noe3A, oKpyr, 6ok, BeK, rna3, aom, Kpafi, nec, nyr, por, cHer, copT.
ynpanaieHHe 20. HHTattTe, npaBHntHo HHTOHHpyffre npenjio>KeHMH, cnenHTe 3a cflBHroM y^apeHHA b BbifleneHHbix cnoBax.
B CCCP KpacHBbie ropona. Ba3a TypncTOB HenajieKo ot ropona. Mm ysHflenH KaMeHHCTwe ocrposa. ilacTb ocrpoBa noKpbrra 11 ecom. Ilo-e3Aa npH6broanH paHO. TBoero noe3na noKa HeT. Y Bonni KpyTbie Sepe-
78
ra. Okojio Gepera nórnca. He 3a6ýnb B3HTb a/jpeca. Y mchh bät eé aupe-ca. HacTynónH xojiona. JIhhó ropHT ot xojiona. HHHa noMa. Bot HOBbie aoMa. í1o3obh noicropa. Bce noicropa Ha ofíxóne.
YnpaxcHeHHe 21. Cnosa b CKoôxax nocraBbTe b HyacHoft <popMe, BcrasbTe npewrorH.
Jlém nrpáioT (fiyz). ľpHÔbi cooHpáic-T (siec). Moň 6par {KpbiM). Mw CHĺiéjiH (eropoú pxd). 3a6onéno (ook). Onem, ctoíui (Kpaú) np-
pOrH. MBáH BCKOMHJI B BaľOH  (xoô). BOTHHKH ÔblJTH {cnea). Ebíno
cTpáiUHO (ebicoKuu moct). KraírH (mKa0). Kojix03hhkh paôoiaiOT (cad). Ä nepefl BaMH (dom).
ynpaiKHeHHe 22. CpaBHjfre yaapeHHH b cpopMax npeflno>KHoro naae)Ka.
PeuiHTb Bonpoc Ha xoný. B xóne paGoTbi. BbiTb b ornycKy. Hy>k-naTbCH b ómycKe. CnneTb b nepBOM pnný. B pane BonpocoB. OTnwxaTb b KpbiMy. ToBopHTb o KpbiMe. rynHTb b necý. BeciH pa3roBop o nece. ,HepeBbH b cHerý. IloTpeÔHocTb b cHere.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 23. I1poH3HecHTe cnoBa c nocroxHHbiM ynapemieM Ha cytp-(pHKcax. CneflHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM 6e3ynapHí.ixrnacHwx.
Akthbhct, KpHMHHajwcT, 3MHrpaHT, pe<pepeirr, momsht, npeue-neHT, ffHpioKep, rpHMép, cy^jiép, aKunonep, peaKUHOHep, imoHep, 4)eoAajTH3M, KariHTajiH3M, HneajiH3M, nane>K, rpaôe>k, nejié'Mc, pyôeac, aHniHqaHHH, ceBepaHHH, caobTaxc, Maccaac, unpKaq, 6opoaan, aBTOMaT, npoTeicropaT, ôaianbOH, KOMnaHbOH.
ynpapKHCHHe 24. JlonHiimTe aioBoconeraHHíi c yjeroM Toro, <ffo b cymecT-BHTentHbix, o6o3HaiaiomHx aeTem>iiueft jkhbothi>ix, cy<p<pHKCbi  -ohok (chok)
yíiapHbie.
O 6 p a 3 e u: noumdb c... — noiuadb c xcepeGéHKOM
KopOBa C . . . , CBHHbfl c . . . , K03a c . . . , oBua c. .. , Kounca c . . . , KypKua c . . . , yTKa c... , Twp c... , bojik c ... , cjioh co ... , JiHca c ... , neB co ... , MenBe/jb c ... .
ynpaaaieHHe 25. CľiyiuaftTe, noBTopHHTe, 3anoMHHaňTe npoH3HouieHHe cjiob.
ABToôyc, Tponjieňôyc, TpaHcnopT, 3KcnopT, HMnopi, panopT, Kpe-Aht, 4)yHflaľvteHT, HMnyjibc, noroBÓp, pernaMeín-, 4>yr6bJi, npo4>Juib, snHieT, reorpacj), 3irarpa(J), <£oTorpa(p, <pHJioco(t>, ^vmonor, ahcbhhk , oonrapHH, oiaBHHHH, rpaxcaaHHH, aKaaeMMK, jiHpnK, HcropHK, kphthk,
KJiaCCHK.
YnpaiKHeHHe 26. ílpOH3HecHTe npeťpHKcanbHbie (popMbi.
IToxojj,, 3axofl, npHXon, otxojj., noxon., nepexon.. OiKa3, noKá3, 3aKa3, HaKa3, npHKa3.
79
riojiěT, 33jiěT, nponěT, nepeněT, oxnéT.
npOJIHB, 3ajlHB, OTJIHB, IIpHJIHB.
npHoop, Haobp, 3a6op, oTobp, npoobp.
BTOPAfl HHTOHAUUOHHAH KOHCTPYKUHfl (UK-2) M EĚ BAPMAHT (MK-28)
TmiHMHbíM cny^iaeM ynoTpe&ieHHfl MK-2 jansuoTOí BonpocHxenb-Hbie npennoÄeHHH c sonpocHTenbHbíMH cnoBaMH kto, ede, nonejny,
CKOAbKO, HTO h AP- V™ 3TO?TÔk ßW ÔblJlU?
Ueinp MK-2 Ha xo ah t ch hjih Ha Bonpo CHTenbHOM cnoBe, hjih Ha
AK)60M ApyrOM CJIOBe, B 3aBHCHM0CTH O T neJTH BbICKa3bIBaHHH> HanpH-
Mep: ľ de KHma? \iFde Kuuea?
npenynapHaH qacTb HK-2 npoH3HoCHTCH Ha cpeAHeM TOHe hjih c He-
3HaHHT6JIbHbIM nOBblHíeHHCM. YAapHaB qaCTb — C HeOOJIblllHM CnOKOH-
HbiM noBbmieHHeM to Ha h ycHJieHHeM cjioBecHoro yn,aperaifl. Ecjth ynapHaa qacTb KOHenHan, to b yAapHOM cnore toh Ha^HHaeT napára k KOHuy 3ByTiaHHfl cnora, ho He naaaeT miace cpeAHero, k3k b HK-1. B 3a-ynapHbix cjiorax npoHcxonHT cnoKOHHoe noHH>KeHHe TOHa HH5Ke cpea Hero, t. e. Kaic npn MK-1.
HK-2 b noBecTBOBaTejibHOM npenjiOtfceHHH
Ecjih noBopHiuHH xoieT jionwecKH BbwenHTb KaKoe-jmôo cjiobo hjth npoTHBonoCTaBHTb e\fy Apyroe, oh npoH3HOCHT ero c HeKOTOpbiM noBbniieHHeM TOHa h c ycimeHHeM cnoBecnoro ynapemra, t. e. c HK-2, HanpHMep:
2
Ko Mhe npuexajia cecrpa (a He k komy-to) . 2
Ko Mne npuexaaa cecrpa (a He npimeTejia caMoneroM).
2
Ko Mne npuexaaa cecrpa (a He 6pai).
HK-2 H HK-23 B 3MOUHOHajTbHOOKpaUieHHOM
npenjioxeHHH
npeAAOKeHHH, COAepJKaiHHe IipH3bIBbI, OÔpameHHH, npOH3HOCfITCH
2 2
c HK-2. HanpHMep: Toeapuiuuf BnuManue! Ecjth oopameroie, npHBei-cTBHe, 6naronapHocTb, npocbôa sMoímoHajibHo oKpauieHbi, cppaaa npo-
H3HOCHTCH C Ôbnee HHTeHCKBHbIM nOBbmieHHeM TOHa B IICHTpe HK, 3TO
HK-2a. HanpHMep: Bann! H raK padalMean Heahoeuu!KaxuMU cydb-
óaMu? 3dpaecTeyure! IJpoxodure CKopee! Eydbre doöpu, nepedaure 2*
ouster. üpoxodure, nojtcaayücra.
80
ynpaKHeHHe 27. Cnyiuaňre, noBTopftflie.
jCto sto? 3aneM sto? Kyna tm?
trio sto? KaKoň 6mieT? Řin qero bcS sto?
jCro 3B0HHJI? C KeM oh 6bBi? H3-3a qero?
r^e oh? OTKyna tm? OT^ero?
CKonbKo? IloMeMy cKa3an? JJna Koro?
ynpaxoieHHe 28. IlpoaiyniaňTe h npoHHTOHHpyirre cnenyioiuHe npennoace-
hhh.
Tae KHHra? Tne Teipanb? rne npcna? Tne cryneirrbi? Tfle ctoji? rne dyn? rne nopT(J)enb? rne cyMKa? Tne py<n<a? *Ito sto? Kto sto?, 3aqeM sto? JOjia. nero sto? OTKyna? OTKyna oh? OTKyna oHa? OTKyna HBaH? OTKyna noe3n? OTKyna caMOjiěT? OTKyna npHexaji? Kyna noň-th? Kyna yexan? IIoHeMy CKa3an? IIoHeMy noexan? IIoieMy Heniaa? KaKoň ceaHC? KaKaa KHHra? KaKoň sK33MeH? KaKoň 4)itnbM? KaKoň cneKTaKnb? KaKaa ynHna? KaKoň Tene^on? Jlna kóto imcbMO? Ot kóto nHCbMO? KoMy nncbMo?
ynpaxoieHHe 29* Cnyuiaftxe, cnenm-e 3a oihthoctlio npoH3HoiueHHJi h;
TeMnOM B 3aBH CHMOCTH OT oCtělVia CHHTaTMM.
Tfle yieoHHK? Tne HaxonHTca ytie6HHK? Tne HaxonHrca stot ho-Bbrii yweSHHK? Tne HaxonHTca stot hobmh yqeoHHK no 4>oHeiHKe? Tne HaxoflHTca stot HOBbiň yHeoHHK no <Jx)HeTHKe pyccKoro a3biKa?
ynpaxaieHiie 30. CnymaňTe, noBTopstňTe.
Korná? Korná npHexan? Korná cocen npHexan? Koma tboh co cen npHexan? Korná tboh cocen mohtoji npnexan? Korná tboh cocen H3 23 KOMHaTbi npHexan?
YnpaíKHeHHe 31. npocnyuiaňTe, noBTOpme, conocxaBbTe jjpHíKeHHe TOHa b oienyiomHx npennojKeHíuix.
2 i
Korná bw nonyHHJiH nHCbMO? IIoieMyoH ono3flan?
2 2
Korná bw nonyHmiH nncbMo? IToneMy oh ono3nan?
2 2
Korná bh nonymuH nncbMo? IIoMeMy oh ono3nan?
CKonbKo BpeMeHH npouuio c Tex nop? CKonbKo BpeMeHH npouuio c Tex nop?
2
CKonbKo BpeMeHH npomiio c Tex nop?
YnpaHCHeHHe 32. CjiyiiiaHTe, miTaiíTe, BWflenHH HHTOHauHOHHMe ueHTpbi.
Tne no chx nop TaMapa? IIoMeMy OHa TaK naBHo He 3BOhht? CKonbKo nneň? Kyna OHa yexana? B ié*m npnqHHa on>e3na? Korná tw BHepa eě BHnen? IloneMy He npHrnacHn? C KeM oHa 6wna? Tne oh paSoTaeT? B rskom HHCTHTyTe? Ha KaKoň Ka$enpe? KaK ero hmh? Ot Koro tw y3Han sto?
81
ynpttKHeHHe 33. CnyuiaftTe, oienHTe 3a HHTOHHpoBaHneM UK-2 b BonpocH-xentHOM h noBecTBOBaTentHOM npejyioKeHHHx. ripoH3Hearre BMecre c npenofia-BaTeTieM. npowraltre caMocroHTejiBHo.
3to He py*nca. A mto sto? 3to ace KapaHflam.
Benb 3T0 ne tboíí nopTc}>ejib. A Hen ace? 3to nopT(})enb HmcojiaH.
ň He BaM roBopK). A KOMy? Bot sthm CTyfleirraM.
3to He Bhktop npnexaji? A kto ace? Jlß Benb 3io Hb9JI.
ynpajKHeHHe 34. ÖiyiuaÄTe, conocraBJUia MK-1 h MK-2. ripowiaftTe.
1. 3to Haiu can,. 3to Haul can, a TaM Bam. 2. Mbi BMecre npnexa-HH? Mbi BMecre npnexami, ho AHHa HeMHoro 3anepacHTCH. 3. OTen, b ot-nycKe. OTen b oTnycKe, k3k bw stoto He noHHMaeTe? 4. fl. 3bohhji eMy. H 3B0HHJI eMy, a He BopHcy.
ynpaxaceHHe 35. IIpocnyiiiaHTe, conocraBbie npeimoxceHHH no HHTOHaujiH. rioBTopHTe.
3to aÔm. 3to npM. 3to KHnra. 3to KHHra. Hbžih npnexaji. Hbíih
npnexan. Bot TaK Hano, Bot TaK Hano. Oh npHHěc KHHry. Oh npHHěc i
KHHry.
3aKpoHTe flsepb! 3aKpoHTe HBepb.
i* i a*        i i* i a*
CKOpée! CKopee. Ciona! Ciona. CnacHôb! CnacHÔb. Ho cBHnaHbn! U,o cBHAaHbA. CKaacHTe, noacanyöcra. IIoacanyHCTa. EyflbTe nto6e3Hb[.
BbIJIK)Ôe3HbI. H3BHHHTe. IÍ3BHHHTe.
ynpajKHeHHe 36. npooiyuiaftTe tckct, onpenejiHTe Ha cnyx ran HHTOHaujiH H ueHTpbi MK. ripoMHTaHTe.
nwcbMo noüryrE
y MajieHbKOH aeBoqKH KapaHflam h ôyMara. MaTb cnpamnBaeT ee:
— 'i to tm nejiaeiiib?
— IiHmy nncbMO noflpyre, — oTBeqaeT floib. MaTb roBOpHT:
— Ho Tbi ace erne He yMeeiub nncaTb. A neBoqKa oTBeqaei:
~ 3to HeBaacHo! Moh noflpyra to ace MajieHbKan. OHa He yMeeT
HHTaTb.
ynpaiKHeHHe 37. npowTaflTe npeflnoaceHHH. OnpenejiHTe Mecro ueHTpoB
HK-2 B COOTBeTCTBHH C IlOflCHeHHÍIMH B CKOÖKaX.
Bbi npnexanH ceroflim (a He Hb£ih).
Bw npHexajiH cerojma (a He npnneTejiH caMOjieroM).
Bw npnexajiH ceroflHH (a He B*iepa).
MHe noflapwiH 3ry KHHry (a He Mapnn).
MHe nonapHnn 3ry KHHry (a ee He Haflo 6buio napHTb).
82
MHe nonapmiH 3Ty KHitry (a He npyryio). Mne noflapHJiH 3Ty KHHry (a He cyMKy).
Bw npHHeaiH KHHry (a He kto-jih6o npyroii).
Bw npHHecjiH KHHry (a HyacHO 6buio npHHecxH teTpanb).
OHa 3aBTpa nonenrr (a He b npyron neHb). OHa 3aBTpa noneiHT (a He kto-to npyron). OHa 3aBTpa noneTHT (a He noenei).
Mw iHJiH no no pore (a He kto-hhoo npyron). Mbi iiuiH no no pore (a He exann). Mw iiuiH no no pore (a He rne-nH6o).
ynpaxaieHHe 38. npocnymaftTe, 3aTeM npomrraňre b nnuax, cnejorre 3a hhto-
HHpOBaHHeM B COOTBeTCTBHH C HHTOHaUHOHHOtt pa3MeTKOft.
TEJIEGOH y MeHH 3a3BOHHji Tene4>oH.
— Kto roBOpHT?
- Cjioh.
2
— OTKyfla?
- Ot Bep6jiK>na,
— H to BaM Hanp?
- IHoKonaAa.
- Jinn KOTO?
— Jsjik cbma Moero.
Jla nynoB shjik iunb Hjih mecTb:
Bonbiue e My He cbecTb, Oh y MeHH emě ManeHBKHH!
(K. VyKoecKuü)
YnpajKHeHHe 39. ripommirre. ripaBHJibHo HHToHHpyťrre Bonpocti h otbotijI .
Kto sto?— 3to moh flpyr.
Oncyna oh? - Oh h3 BeHrpHH.
KaK ero hmh? - Ero 30ByT BápaT.
CKojibKo eMyneT?—BoceMHafluaTb.
Ha KaKOM oh 4>aKynbTeTe?- Ha reononroecKOM.
ľne oh »mbSt? — B o6me»MTHH.
Ha KaKOH ýrmue? — Ha ynHue BonniHa.
83
YnpaÄHeHHe 40. TlpocnyinaftTe h noBTopHTe aMoiiHOHantHo OKpameHHtie npeflnoiKeHHH c HK-2a, cnenxre 3a noBtmieHHeM to Ha h yflnHHeHHeM rjiacHbix b ueHTpax HK.
,H,py3ba! KaKan Bcrpena! CropnpH3 kükoh! TaMapa! 3npaBCTByii! Bot pan.ocTb! IlocMOTpHTe! Hy, CKopee ace! Mw ona3flbiBaeM! Octodojkho! IlpoxonHTe no onnoMy! 3necb cKOJib3Ko! HsaH neTpoBHM! KaKHMH cynbÖaMH! B hi Toxce npHexajiH! KaK xopouio!
YnpajKHeHHe 41. Cnyuiafrre, noBTopjrtrre, cnenHTe 3a HHTOHaimeft.
2*        . 2 2A 2A
ITpocTHTe, I KaK aoexaTb pp nempa? BynbTe nio6e3Hw, InonpocHTe
21 a*
k Tene<})OHy HßaHa. BxonjHTe, no>KanyňcTa. Ilo3HaKOMbTecb. 3to mow
1 3* 2fc 2a 2*"
Myac. CaflHTecb. KaK noxaroaeTe? KaK 3nopoBbe? CKaacHTe, noacanyo-CTa, I rne 3necb MarasHH? CKaacHTe, no^canyncTa, 1 rne mo>kho KynnTb
2 2 2 2 2
xne6? CKOjibKO? CKonbKO nnainTb? CKonbKO nnaraTb 3a mhco? OTKy-
2 2 2 2 2
na?  OTKyna bw? OTKyna nHCbMO? KaKoň? KaKoö 3K3a\ieH? Korna?
2 2 2 2
Korna 3K3aMeH? KaKHe iuiaHw? KaKHe ruiaHw Ha nero? Tne? Tne bw
2* 2* 2* 2*
ycTpOHjiHCb? >Kejiaio ynaqn! CnacHOb, I no cBHAaroia! Bcero noöporo!
Ynpa>KHeHMe 42. npooiyiuaflTe. OnpeaejuiTe tmjim HHTonauHH h ueHTpw HK. npo^HTaftTe imajior b JiHuax.
— Anno! BynbTenio6e3Hbi, nonpocHre HßaHa.
— npOCTHTe, KTO 3t0 TOBOpHT?
— 3to CBeuiHH, ero npyr H3 BonrapHH.
— Ero HeT jjpMa.
— Korna oh ÖyneT?
— flyMaio, qro cKÓpo. *Ito nepenaTb?
— HHMero, cnacHÖo, a no3Bomo b narb qacöB.
— Xopoino.
— JXO CBHnaHHH, H3BHHHTC
— Bcero xoponiero.
YnpaiKHeHHe 43. IlpocnyuiaitTe. OnpeflenHTe ranu hhtoksuhh h ueHTpbi HK. np04HTaftTe ftHanor, cnenjiTe 3a HHToHauHeÄ.
— Jloöpoe yTpo!
— 3flpaBCTByii!
— Korná y Te6a 3K3aMeHbi?
— H 3aBTpa cnaio nepBwň.
— KaKoň?
— PyCCKHH H3WK.
— Kaicáe ruiaHbi Ha ne'xo?
84
-B aßrycTe noépy c 6paT0M b hom OT/Jbixa.
— >Kenáio yaaHHÍ
— CnacÓGo, flo CBHfláHHfl!
ynpajKHeHHe 44. flpoHHiaÄTe oHanor b JiHuax. Cnejiafrre ero HHTOHauHOHHyio pa3MeTKy.
— 3flpaBCTByňTe. M cha 30ByT Mnxariji.
— OTKyna bw npHexann?
— H3 KáeBa, caMOJiexoM.
— CkÓjihco BpeMeHH bw 6buin b nyTH?
— riojiTopá qacá.
— KaK bw ce6n t/BCTByexe?
— CnacHôb, xopowó.
— Tne bw ycTpoHJiHCb?
— B 06me)KHTHH HHCTHTýra.
— 3xo xopoiuo. )Kejiáio yaaqHÍ
— JlO CBHnílHHH!
— BcerxS aóoporo!
ynpa>KHeHHHe 45* npomrrafiTe oHanor b JiHuax, cnejjHTe 3a MHTOHauHeft.
— Kto Tarvi? Boňaáie!
— 3ApaBCľByH, íl^Tep!
— A, BHKTop! 3apaBCTByií! TIpoxoAH, canjicb! KaK nejiá?
— CnacHôb, Bce b nopnnKe. y mqhh k Teôe npócbôa.
— IIo»cányHCTa.
— j^aň MHe no aaßTpa yqeôHHK nojiht3K0homhh . y Hac ceMHHap, a h octIbhji KHHry y CTe^aHa.
— BepH, BOT OHá.
— CnacHôb, 3á*BTpa yBiíjjHMCfl b HHCTHTyTe.
— Jlo 3aBTpa!
— JlO BCTpeHH!
ynpaxHemie 46. IlpoMHTaHTe, cnenjiTe 3a npaBHJibHbiM HHTOHHpoBaHHeM HK-1 h MK-2.
CTapHK HapyÖHJi b Jiecý flpoB h noHécnx aoMÓH.
HecTH 6wjio najieKÓ. CTapHK óqeHb ycTán. Oh nonomui apoßa Ha
3eM7IK) H rOBOpHTľ „3x, XOTb 6bl CMepTb npHUUlá!"
CiviepTb ycnwHiana cntoBa cTapmcá, npHiujiaH cnpaiuHBaei:
— Bot h. ^eró Te6e Haao? CTapHK Hcnyranca h roBopHx:
— Ilomoth MHe nonHHTb apoBa!
{no II. ToncTOMý)
85
y P O K HP 8
COr/lACHblfl [ji] (TBEPAblR).
yflAPEHME B CyiUECTBMTE/lbHblX )KEHCKOrO
POflA.
TPETbfl MHTOHAUMOHHAfl
KOHCTPyKUMfl (MK-3)
B BOnPOCMTEJlbHOM nPEAJlOJKEHMM.
COr/lACHblR [n]
B pyccKOM H3biKe coraacHbrii [ji] MoaceT 6biTb raepAbiM (jioMna)
H mhtkhm {jlUHO) .
IlpH npOH3HeceHHH [il] TBe'pflOrO H3bIK CHJlbHO HanpflTKeH, 3anHHH
qacTb oihhkh H3biKa noflHHTa k MHrKOMy He6y h OTTaHyia Ha3aA, cpenHe-nepenHHH MacTb H3biKa BonryTa, a koh^hk H3biKa nonHHMaeTca h yriHpaeTCH b BepxHHe 3y6w.
npoH3HoiueHHe [ji] TBepfloro npeflCTaBnaeT oojibiime TpynHocTH fljia yiaiifflxcH MHorax HauHOHajibHocTeH. Ejik npaBHJibHoro npoH3He-ceHHa [n] tb^pfloro Baaaio cnenHTb 3a HanpaxceioieM KopHH H3biica h 3a nonoxceHHeM KOHnmca H3MKa: ero He Hanp npH)KHMaTb k anbBeo-naM (Ha nepBbix no pax moxho 3axcHMaib kohhhk H3biica Meatfly Bep-XHHMH h HHjKHHMH nepenHHMH 3y6aMH).
ynpa>KHeiofe 1. QryiiiafiTe, noBTopaRTe.
O-o-o, no-no-no, y-y-y, ny-ny-ny, ono, yny, ony, yno; ron, Kon, BOnK, xonn, nyr, nyic, cryn, ryn, ronoc, Bonoc, xonocr, rnyxofi, flonro, xononHO, Bonra, 6ynica, nonna, rnoOyc, noicnoH, rony6b, nran£, nyHHbiH, nyna, Bonoc, noKOTb, KonoHHa, 6onoTO, Mbino, MonoT, Kanyra, 6ny3a.
ynpaMCHeime 2. CnyiuaftTe, wHTaBTe npegnoxceHHJi, cneflHTe 3a HHTOHaujieft.
Bot Kon. 3a6iin ron. Ha 6bnoTe AHKHHnyK. Tnyxofi ronoc. ByTbin-Ka MonoKa. HBaH xonocr. Ha nyry ronyon. Bbm Ha Amae h b flme. TIo-efleM Ha Bonry. BHAen BonKa. Ctoha OKono KaHana. JlyHHbW KavieHb. nocnan nocbinKy. Mb mo Ha nonice. Ciyn b yrny. Aan oiobo. y Jlopbi Senaa 6ny3a. B Kanyre 6bino xononHo. BynKa c MacnoM. CocraBHA nnaii.
ynpaxaieHHe 3. CnyuiattTe, noBTopattTe.
A-na, ana, xanar, nanaia, cnana, nanHo, naivma, nana, cnaBa, naii, naK, Hma, nuna, 6pana; a-an, MeTajm, CHrHan, cKa3an; bhnw, cTBonbi, BonbL, mbi6a, nbicbiH, nimbi, jibi-bjji, bin, ocrbin, iuibm, cjibin, 6bin, nbm, 3a6bm, 3annbin.
86
ynpaxcHeHHe 4. ripoH3HecHTe cnenytoimie cnoBa, 3aTpaHckpHGHpyftre hx: xanaT, najiáia, náMna, cnáBa, rjibí6a, jibicbiž.
YnpajKHeHHe 5. CjiyuiaftTe, nOBTopaftTe.
Bon, moji, non, Opon, non, nyn, Myn, Man, 6an, 3an, BCTan, CKa3an, b3hji, 6pan, chíui, Mbm, Kpbin, Hbm, Men, cen, nen, 6en, mha, Hhji, rom, 3HJ1, 6hji, bhji, xhji, ron, 3on, nnbin, Tbin, 6bm, ynan, yxon, cron, cTyn.
ynpajmeHHe 6. npowraftre npefpioKeHHH, cnenHre 3a apTHKyjimmeft [n].
Opon nen. dyn h cron Manů. Um Mbin non. Myn ycián. Bon nim Bony. Men 6en. íláBen Bce cica3aji. 3an Man. TaM 5an. Opon scran pí ho. IlnoB ocTbín. BbBi CHinán. no Hnny nnbin ruioT.
ynpa>KHeHHe 7. ripocnymaňTe, cneflHTe 3a npoH3HouieHHeM [ji], npoH3HecH-ie BbifleneHHtie cnoBa.
IlnaKan nec Han pycoň ronoBoio, IljiaKaJi np xonopHoro paccBexa, IlpoiiryMejio nero ronySoe, OiuryMejio ronyooeneio.
(Af. HcaKoecKuu)
ynpajKHeHHe 8. Cjiymaňre, noBTopHftre. ripaBHJibHo npoH3HocnTe [ji] b ooiexaHHH c comacHbíMH.
Bom, cBeTJibiií, nonjior, 3noň, 3naK, non3an, ciiobo, cnaBa, Macno, KHcnbiň, cnaGbffl, cnyx, npncnan, CMbicn, BonHa, nonHa, nnaKaT, ruiaH, nnaTOK, 6jiok, 6naro, o6naKo> hdjioko, Kon6aca, snara, Bnacrb, xanBa, nran, npnro, Bonra, noicnoH, ajiMa3, roncrbiň, {Juiot, icion, ioiy6, b yrny, kojixo3, SyíMnica, nocbinKa.
ynpajKHeHHe 9. ripoH3HecHTe h 3aTpaHCKpH6HpynTe cnenyroume cnosa: cBembiň, nojjjiór, nón3an, Macno, óonaKO, hojioko.
ynpa>KHeHHe 10. npocjiyuHHTe h npoHHTaftTe OTpMBOK «3 CTHxoraopeHHH, cneflHTe 3a npOH3HoiueHHeM [ji].
PycanKa nnbna no peKe ronyobň, 03apnervia nonHoň nyHoň; H cTapanacb o Ha npmiecHyTb j\o nym>i CepeépHCTyro neHy BonHbi.
(M. JlepMOHToe) 87
ynpffiKHetme 11. npowiaftre tckct, oieame 3a npoH3HomeHHeM f jt] h pe-jjyKUHeft macHux.
nXpyc
ä npnro croán Ha 6eper/. Bojihw thxo imih onHa 3a Apyroň. nóji-Haa jiyná o3apana Bee BOKpýr, CBeuibie oonaxáiijibUTH no TeMHO-rojiy-6ÓMy He6y. Jlyn nácKOBbiô BeTepoK h HeacHo Tpenan moh bojiocm. Ha jiyHHOH no pore noKa3ájica nápyc, oh thxo njibin ko tune...
YnpaoKHeHHe 12. ^Ihtohtc tckct, cneAHTe 3aapTHKynHUHeň [nj.
HA BÓJirE
CnáBa npHCJián nncbivió. Oh raicán o Bónre. TaM KpacHBo: 3ojio-Tbie 3aKáTbi} cBeuibie sónHbi. H Opon noéxan k Apýry. Oh xoahji Ha ýr-peHHHH noB pbiÔbi. Bapiin yxý. ÍIotom 3annbmáji Ha cepenHHy peiCH. Oiaßa nnásaji cnáob. Oh Span jionicy h Aonro KaTanca. Cajjjtnocb cojih-ne. CraHOBHjiocb xohoaho. Cnáfia npnxoAHJi aomoh ycrájam h 3arope-nbm. CnásHO Ôbino Ha Bónre!
YnpajKHeHHe 13. lípo cary iuaftTe craxoTBOpeHHe, Bwae^eHHLie cnoBa 3arpaH-
CKpHÔHpyHTe.
yTĚC
HoqeBana Ty^Ka 30Jioraa
Ha rpynH yTěca-BejTHKaHa;
yTpoM b nyTb oHa yivraanacb paHO,
no na3ypH Bečeno nrpaa;
Ho ocrancH BJia>KHbiH cnen b MOpnniHe
CTaporo yreca. Ohhhoko
Oh ctoht, 3anyManca rnyôoKO,
H thxo Hb ko iuianeT oh b nycTbffle.
(M. JlepMOHToe)
yflAPEHME B CyiUECTBUTEJlbHblX WEHCKOrO POflA
TlocToaHHoe ynapeHHe bo Bcex naneHCHbix 4>opMax hmcbdt cytp-4>HKcajibHbie o6pa30BaHHH, o5o3HaqaiomHe aôcxpaKTHbie noHaraa.
ynapeHHe Ha cy4><pHKcax
-OBK (a), -ěBK (a): jiucróeKa, nyrěeKa
-yp (a) : acnupanrýpa, /lUTeparýpa
-era>: Meré/ib, Konbiôéjib (ho: eú6e/ib, Meôejib)
ynapeHHe Ha OKomaHHiix
-OT (a): doôpord, Kpacord
-OTH (h) : ÔeZOTHH 88
-H3H (a) Hoeu3Ha\ 6enu3hd -6a: xodb6d\ crpesibdd
Cjjbhth ynapeHHH Hanoojiee Twnwrnhi b cnenyioiiiHx cnyqanx:
1. c OKomaHHa -a (a) Ha ocnoBy b BHHHiejibHOM naneace: eo-pd- eSpy, docKa- docKy;
2. c oKOHiaHHH -a (a) Ha ocHOBy npn o6pa30B3hhh mhojkcct Be h-Horo HHcna: cocnd— cocubi, crend— ctShu, 3eMJin — 3£mjiu.
B TaKHx cymecrBHTejibHwx bo Bcex nane)KHbix (popMax mho-^cecTBeHHoro MHCjia ynapeHHe He H3MeHaeTca, 3a HCKjiioqeHHeM cneflywiuHX 4>opM ponHTenbHoro naneaca: 3eMejib, oeeu_, ceMeu, cecrep.
CymecTBHTenbHbie pyxu h hozu bo Bcex naneacHbix <j)opMax mho-^cecTBeHHoro qncna hmchdt ynapeHHe Ha oKoirqaHHH (pyKOM, hozom, pyKOMU, Hoedjuu).
Cnenyei CTporo pasnnqaTb ynapeHHe b <J>opMax MHOHcecTBeHHoro HHCJia h pOHHTenbHoro nane^ca eahhctbchhoro woia, HanpHMep:
3UMbl — 3UMbl, CTpdhbl - CTpOHbL
B 6bnbinHHCTBe cymecTBHTenbHbix III ciaioHeHHH b <J>opMax koc-BeHHbix nane^cen MHoacecTBeHHoro MHcna npoHcxonjtT cnBHr ynaperoiH c ochobw Ha OKOHnaHHe: dovepu - donepeu, 66nacm - o6na-creu.
MHorae CymecTBHTenbHbie III cioioHeHHa b npennoacHOM na-ne>Ke HMeioT ynapeHHe Ha OKOHqaHHH -h: ho deepu, e crenu, e epydu.
YnpajKHeHHe 14. Cnyiimftre, noBTopaHTe. 3anoMHHTe cymecrBwrenBHwe co cflBHroM ynapeHHH b BHHHTejibHOM nane>Ke.
6opona— oopony 3eMna — 3eivuiio
60D03na— 60p03ny 3HM3 - 3HMy (ho : Ha 3HMy)
6opoHa— 6opoHy Hora — Hory (ho: 3aHory)
Bona — Bony pyKa - pyicy (ho : 3a pyKy)
ronoBa - ronoBy (ho : crania — cimHy (ho : Ha aiHHy) Ha ronoBy)
ropa — ropy (ho: Ha ropy) CTeHa — CTtSiHy (ho: Ha creHy)
nocKa-nocKy ctodoh^-dopoHy
nyma— nyiuy meica'— meny
YnpaiKHeHHe 15. FIpoMHTaftTe npeflno>KeHHH, oioBa b cKo6Kax nocraBLTe b HyjKHOft cpopMe.
Bbmefi 3Ty (eodd). Otohhh b (cTopoHo). j^m (pyKa). IIoBecb Kap* Ty Ha (cTend). Bn^y (eopa). He canncb Ha (3eM/in). Corpn c (docKa). Harep (hozo) . OTMOposun (iu_eKa). H jhoojik) {3umo) ,
Ynpa>KHeHMe 16. CocraBKre npenjioKeHHH co cnejjyioiUHMH coleraHHHMH• Ha ronoBy, Ha ropy, Ha 3HMy, Ha cieHy, Ha pyicy, Ha Hory
89
ynpaxcHeHHe 17. CjiyuiaflTe, noBxopíiHTe. 3anoMHHTe cymecTBHTenb-
Hbie CO CflBHroM yflapeHHH BO MHOKeCTBCHHOM MHCJie.
6ena — Sénbi Hora — hÓth
peKá - peKH
BecHa — BecHbi
BOfla — BOflbl BOHHa — BOHHbl
rnaBa- rnaBbi rp03a — rp03M nyma - nýnm
^ffiHa— 5K6HbI 3eMJlfl - 3eMJTH 3HMa— 3HMbI
3Meá — 3MeH Hrna — órnbi Hrpá — árphi
H36a — H36bl JIH Ca — JIHCbl
Metna — Metnu
pyKa — pyKH
OBUa — OBIIbl
ceMbá— ceMbH cecTpí— cecrpbi CKajiá — cKánbi
COCHa — CÓCHbl
cnnHá^— cnnHbi creHa— cieHbi CTpaHa— dpaHM cyjJbĎa— cý*flb6bi TpaBař— TpáBbi Tpy6a - Tpy6bi
TWpbMa— TIOpbMbl
ueHa- neHbi
ynpa>KHeHHe 18. IIpoiHTaHTe cjiobocoqeraHHH, cnejjHTe 3a ynapeHHeM b cy-
lHeCTBJfTCJlbH bl x MHO>KeCTBeHHOrO "MCJia.
IlonHOBOflHbie peKH. BbicoKne CKánbi. 3eneHbie TpaBw. KpenKHe cTCHbi. KpecrbHHCKHe H36bi. Pa3Hbie cyflbSbi. Toncrwe Tpy6w. PonHbie cecrpbi. 3onoTbie pyKH. Beunme Bonbi. IlnofloponHwe 3eWH. Xonon-m>ie 3HMbi. CnopTHBHbie nrpbi. CnnbHbie hóYh. JIpyjKHbie cerMbH. Ten-nbie cTpá*Hbi. BbicoKHe učhm.
ynpanaieHHe 19. npo<mxaftTe npejyio>KeHHH. ConocraBbTe Mecro ynapeHHJi b BbineneHHbix cnoBax.
EypHbie Bonbi. OcBoobnjHTenbHbie bohhh. IleřpBbie masu KHHrH. BeceHHHe rrxfebi. HeocBÓeHHbie 3cmjih. A3apTHbie nrpbi. j^epeBHHHbie h36m. TpyfloBbie pyKH. Bce ceMbH.
ÍÍBoiopoAHbie cecrpbi. YrpioMbie CKaJTbi. CrpÓHHbie cocHbi. KaMeHHbie ctchm. JlaneKHe crpaHbi. ApoM^THbie xpaBbi. Tpy6bi rjrui ra3a.
Haněn bohu. C Haqána bohhm. *IacTb maBbi. He 6oiócb rpo3bi. Máno 3eMJiH. Hafáno wryú. Kpaň H36bi. He noflan pyKH. ^acTb ceMbH. Bbma y cecTpbí. JXo CKajibi cto MeTpoB.
CTOn H3 COCHbí.
Okoho creHbi.
H3 KaKOH CTTJaHbl?
MHoro TpaBbi. Ta3 HflěT H3 Tpy6u.
90
ynpaxcHeHHe 20. OiyuiaHTe, noBTopHHTe. 3anoMHHre haH60nee aKTHBHue cnoBa co cabhtom ynapeHHH b KocseHHbix nanexax MHoaceCTBeHHoro »mala (Ha npHMepe poflHTenbHoro nanexa).
6pOBH — SpOBÔH ODJiaCTH — ODJiaCTeH
b?cth — Beeren new — nenea
BeiBH— BeiBeH iuiockocth — rmocKocreH
BeiuH — Beinen iuióuiarjH - njioinan,eö
BJiácTH — BJiacTGH noBecra — noBecTeň
nßepH — flBepéň pew — peqeü
flOJDKHOCTH — flOnaCHOCTeii do JIH — DOJlé^h
noMepn — noqepeH cMepTH-CMepTeö
nouiaflH — noinaneH cKarepTH — cKaiepTé^H
MaTepH — MaTepen cojih — con e ň
HOBocTH — HOBocré^h creim — cTeneö
MenoiH — MejiOMé^h cTpicxH — CTpacreň
YnpaHtHeHHe 21. ITpoHHTaHTe npennoÄemui, cnejJHTe 3a hx phtmhko-hht TOHauHOHHofl cTpyKTyport, noMHHTe 06 yjjapeHHHx b BWfleneHHbix cnoBaxí
Kto y npepeft? IIpoH3HeceHo mhoto peqefl. Ha bctbax cHer. B xa-KHX o6nacrax Bbi ÔbiBajTH? Akt^p cbirpaji mhoto poneň. MHe 3anoMHH-nocb HecKonbKo iinomaneft. npnexann 3a BemaMH. n po hh tuji pm no-Becreň. B npHKacnraicKHx crerwx mhoto npHporjHbix coneft. y3Han o nocnejjHHX hobocthx. Ey/jl BHHMaTeneH k MenoqaM.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 22. CnyinaitTe, noBTOpJrttTe, 3anoMHHre cnosa, HMaoiUHe b
npennojKHoM naAe>Ke yjiapeHHe Ha oKOHqaHHH.
Ha flBepH, Ha neMH, Ha Pycn, Ha Menn, b rpynn, b crenH, b KpoBH,
B najTH, b TeHH, b CBH3H, B nbUTH, b TßepH, b rpH3H.
ynpajKHeHHe 23. 3aTpaHCKpHÔHpyHTe cnenyioiUHe napu en ob. IIpocnejjHTé 3a H3MeHeHHeM apTHKyjiHmm rnacHbix b 3aBHCHMOCTH ot cnjJHra ynapeami^
ôbpoflá— (xfporjy, ronoBíí — rónoBy, ctodohÍ — cropoHy
TPETbfl MHTOHAI4MOHHAR KOHCTPYKUMH {HK-3) B BOnPOCMTEJlbHOM nPÉfl/lOWEHHH
ŤHTíHMHbiM cnyqaeM ynoTpeSneHHii HK-3 jronneTCH BonpocHTenb-'
Hoe npennoaceHHe 5e3 BonpocHTenbHoro cnoBa: _     3 3
JTo sama KHuea? Bu nwôuTe wiaearb? HhtoHannohhmh nemp b HK-3 HaxorjHTCfl b cnoBe, KOTopoe Hece'T ochobhyio CMbícnoByio Harpy3Ky.
npenynapHan qacTb HK-3 npOH3HocHTCÄ Ha cpenHeM TOHe. Yflap-nan qacTb HaMHHaeTcn c ôbnee bmcokoh tohkh no cpaBHemuo c npea-yflapHoň. B npenenax cnora toh npoflonacaei noBbnnaTbCH h, nocnir-hvb BepuiHHbi, pe3KO nanaex. Ha 3aynapHoä qacTH npOHCxonjHT noHHxe-HHe TOHa HHace cperjHero.
91
IleHTp HK-3 mo)KeT nepenBHraTbCH b npennoHceHHH b 3sbhchmocth omejiH BbiCKa3WBaHHH h conepacaHHíi pa3roBopa. HanpHMep:
3
Bbi npuexam cezoöHR?- (Ma, x).
3
Bbi npuexaau cezodnx?- (Her, npweTen caMoneroM).
3
Bbi npuexanu ceeodHH? — (HeT, enepa).
BonpocHiejibHoe npennoMceHHe c cok)30m wiu coctoht h3 npyx
3 2
qacTeii: 3w eaM nucbMO I unu cocedy? üepBaa *racTb HHTOHHpyeTca KaK MK-3, a BTopaa - KaK HK-2.
B cjio>khom BonpocMTejibHOM npenno>KeHHH oÖmwho BTopoe npeö-no>KeHHe He o<J>opMnHeTCH b caMOCTOHienbHyio cHHiarMy, HanpHMep:
3
Tbi ne 3uaeiub, zde mor KHuea?
YnpaxoieHHe 24. CnyuiaBTe, noBTOpHÜTe.
Oh? Bm? Tbi? TaM? 3flecb? äom? ßa? KHHra? JlaMna? BpeMH? Onbra? ÍTpocht? OHa? 3eMna? CKa3an? BoKpyr? 3a6bin? HHCTHryr? fleKaHai? CeMHHap? Becnrôionb? BnÔJiHOTeKa? CTonoBaa? ITapHKMa-xepcKafl? KoHcynbTauHH? IlpenonaBaTenbHHHa? CraneHnHíi?
Ynpa>KHeHHe 25. ripoaiymaňTe h npo^HTaňTe npenno>KeHHH, cnenjrre 3a hh-toHauneň HK-3.
3 3 3 3
OHa? CKa3ana OHa? fleKaHaT? B n,eKaHaT?
i a 3 3
CKa3ana? OHa CKa3ana? Hano? Hanp b neKaHai?
3 3 3 3
Bbi? Bbi ono3nanH? CKa3aji? Oh cKa3an?
3 3 3 3
Ono3flanH? Bbi ono3nanH? Oh? Oh cica3aji?
3 3 3 3
JlioÖHTe? Bbi jiioÖHTe no33HK)?     Tm cnaji? Caan 3K3aMeH?
3 3 3 3
IIO33HI0? Bbi JIK)6HTe n033HH)?        Tbl? Tbl CAajI 3K3aMeH?
ynpaxcHeHHe 26. uporaTaítTe npenJio»eHHH.
3 3 3 3 3
Bbi 6buiH TaM? 3to BaM? 3to KHHra? 3to py*nca? 3to ctojt? BaM
3 3 3 3 3 3
Koq>e? Tm b khho? Tm cnaji 3aueT? EcTb? EcTb neHbni? Y Teöa ecTb
3 3 3 3
fleHbľH? IlHCbMO? Te6e nncbMO? Te6e? Teôe nncbMo?
YnpajKHCHHC 27. CnymaňTe Bonpocbi h oTBeTbi. OGpanrre bhhMamie na coot-HoiueHHe HHTonauHH h cMbioia BbicKa3biBaHna. ripoTOTaitTe.
- CocenH npHexajm? — Bbi Öbinn Ha npaKTHKe?
— fla, coceflH. — Bbuj.
— Cocenn npHexajTH? - Bbi 6binH Ha npaKTHKe?
- HeT, emg we npnexariH. - HeT, Hb3Hob 6hji.
92
ynpaxoieHHe 28. Cnyiuanro, cjiemrre 3a cjihthoctmo npoH3HoiueHHH h yflnH-neH«eM rnacHbix b ueHTpax HK-3, o6paTirre BHHMaHHe Ha ycKopeHHe reMna b 3a-
BHCHMOCTH ot yBCJIHHeHHJÍ OÔbéMa HHTOHaUHOHHOft KOHCTpyKUHH.
Bbi mooHTe TeaTp?
Bw JiioÔHTe xonHTb b TeaTp?
Bbi niooBTe xoflHTb b My3biKajibHbiň TeaTp?
Bw JiioôHTe xonHTb b My3biKajibHbiM TeaTp Ha ynniie TopbKoro?
Bw npHexaxiH H3 JleHHHrpafla?
Bbi c npyroM npHexajra H3 JleHHHrpafla?
Bw c BaiiTHM apyroM npHexanH H3 JleHHHrpafla?
Bw c BauiHM apyroM CjiaBoíí npHexanH H3 JleHHHrpaaa?
ynpaxcHeHite 29. IlpocnyiuaflTe h noBTopHTe Bonpocbi h oTBeTbi. OnpenejíHTe ueHTpbi HK b Bonpocax b oootbctctbhh c oTBeTaMH.
Bw npHexanH ceronHH H3 MHHcica? — Jla, h.
Bw npHexanH ceroflira H3 MHHCKa? - JJa, onneTOB Ha caMoné'T He 6buio.
Bw npHexanH ceroflHH H3 MHHCKa? — HeT, Biepa.
Bw npHexajiH ceroaHH H3 MHHCKa? - HeT, H3 KneBa.
Bw nioÔHTe qépHbiô Kcxpe? - Jla, h.
Bw rnoôHTe MepHbiií Koqbe? — Onem*.
Bw Jiio6HTe qepHbiň Koqbe? — HeT, c mojiokom.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 30. IlpomrrattTe Bonpocbi h OTBeTbTe Ha hhx.
3 3
Bw BHHHTe KapaHnam? Oh Baui 3HaKOMbrä?
3 3
Bh BHflHTe KapaHnam? Oh Bani 3HaK0Mbiň?
3 3
Bw BHflHTe KapaHaaui? Oh Baui 3HaKOMbiň?
3
Ceňnac ohh noňflyT b Ka{J)e?
3
CeÔMac ohh noňflyT b Ka^e?
3
Ceňiac ohh noňflyr b Ka$e?
3
Bw xoTHTe KynHTb erviy rancryK?
3
Bbi xoTHTe KynHTb eMy rancTyK?
3
Bw xoraTe KynHTb eMy rancryK? Bw xoTHTe KynHTb eMy rancTyK?
3
Bw xoTHTe KynHTb eMy rancryK?
ynpaxcHeHne 31. Cnyuiaítre, noBTopxftre, cnepjiTe 3a HHToHaiiHeň Bonpocu-TenbHoro npefpio»ceHHH c coiosom u au.
Tí 3 I 2 3 1 2 .
ohi npHexanH ceronHH I nnH B^epa? noe3npM I hah caMoné'TOM? no-
3    I 2 n 3 I 2
fcfleM Ha TaKCH Ihjih Ha Meipo? 3aHHTHH cnepBoro I hjth BToporo ihc-
93
3 2 3 2
jia? BaM waio Ihjth KO(J>e? Bw jno&rre qepHMO Koqbe Ihjih c mojtokom?
3 3 3
3ic3aM£H ceronHH Ihjih 3aBTpa? BaM noHpaBHJica nepBbra paccKa3 I
3 3 3 3 3
huh BTOpôň? BpaT flOMa I huh hot? Oh TaM I huh ya<e yexan? IToHnéM
3 3 I
ooenaTb Ihjih nono>fcneM Mnxanjia? KypT npneneT 3aBipa Ihjih b cyť>
3
6oTy?
ynpaxaieHHe 32. Cnpoorre co6eceflHHxa:
— ero poffHTejiH 3nea> hjih Ha pomne;
— oh cflaé'T 3K3aMem>i ram 3aqé*Tbi;
— k HeMy npneneT 6paT hjth cecrpa;
— oh noejjBT Ha MeTpo hjih Ha Tpojineooyce;
— ero npHniacHJTH b khho hjih b TeáTp;
— oh 6yneT ceronna KOHcneicTHpoBaTb craTbio hjth 3aBxpa;
— oh HfleT Ha noiry hjih b yHHBepMar;
— oh hac't ooenaTb hjih Hex;
Ynpa^KHeHHe 33. IloBTopxHTe, cnemrre 3a HHToHaujiefl b cjiokhom BonpocH-TenbHOM npenno>KeHHH.
3 3 3 3'
3HaeTe? He 3HaeTe? Bw 3HaeTe? Bw He 3HaeTe, KäK npoexaTb b
3 3
ueirrp? Bw He 3Haere, rne 3necb 6y<peT? Bw He 3HaeTe, Korna oh npH-
3 3
flBT? Bw He 3Haexe, rne KynHTb 3tot yqeôHHK? Bw cnpocHjTH, Korna 3k-
3 3
3aMeH? Bw y3HanH, Korna npHxonHT noe3n? Bw He cKa>KeTe, rne Hhko-
3 3
jiafi HBaHQBHM? Bw He cicaaceTe, Korna 6yneT 3K3aM6H? Bw He cKaaceTe, rne MapHH HßaHOBHa?
ynpaxHeHHe 34. CnyuiaBTe, noBTopÄHrc. ConocraBbTe RBioKeHHe xoHa b HK-1 h HK-3 b nepBoH h bo BTopoft KonoHxax.
Mbl CHHHM. Mbl CH AHM?
y Hac ypoK. y Hac ypoK?
BbinoHHMaeTe mchh. Bbi noHHMaeie mchh?
AynHTopHH MajieHbKaH. AynHTopira MajieHbKan?
3to HHTepecHo. 3to HHiepecHo?
BwycTajTH. Bw ycrajiH?
BaM TpynHo. BaM TpynHo?
3BCHHT 3BOHOK, 3ßeHHT 3BOHOK?
nepepbiB. nepepbTB?
n^Tb MHHyT. nHTb MHHyT?
BwňfleM. BbfflfleM?
MOJKHO. MOJKHO?
BceM. BceM?
B KOpHflOp. B KOpHHpp?
94
ynpaxweHHe 35. ripeo6pa3yHTe MK-1 b HK-3.
Bbi cnpocHJiH. Oh oTBeran. 3to ero KHHra. KHHra HHTepecHaa. OHa 0poHHTana ee. EH&iHOTeKa TaM. KHHiy b 3 huh. Moucho bohth. 3necb HHCTHTyr. Bw jiioÖHTe qaň. Oh npmieieji h3 JloHnoHa. Hmcojian noexan aoMOH. 3to Bourá. 3to Týna.
YnpaxcHeHHe 36. npowraHTe AHajior, cnejwre 3a HHTOHHpoBaHHeM npenno-
Y HAC HOB A H KBAPTHPA
— 3flpaBCTByH, HHHa.
— 3jj,paBCTByH,náBenl
— KaK nejia?
— Bee HopivtanbHo! Tne Tbl nponanaji TaK nonro?
— Mw nojiyHHJiH HOByio KBaprapy, TaM noKa HeT Tejie4>ÓHa.
— B KaKOM paňÓHe?
— Ha K)ro-3anane.
— BojiMuan KBaprapa?
— TpexKOMHaTHaÄ.
— PaöoH 6naroycTpoeHHbrii?
— #a, TaM ecTb Bce. Mara3HHbi panoM. AnTeKa npaMO b npMe. TaM ace napHKMaxepcKaa.
— KßapTHpa ynoÖHaa?
— Jla. E CT b 6ajiKOH. KyxHH npocropHaa. B npKxÓKeň uiKacpbi. Ohh BMecTHTejibHbie. TaK hto Bce xopomo.
— OKHa BbrxonÄT Ha yjiHuy hjih bo flBop?
— Bo flBop. JlBop 3ejieHbiö. Mhoto B03nyxa.
— H3BHHH, HnHa! H roBopio H3 aBTOMara. B y ay pan yBHneTb Teôa y ce6a no Ma.
— Xopomo, h npneny. KaKHM TpaHcnopTOM?
— Mw panoM c Meipo „yroreepcHTeT". JXom ho Me p naib, KBaprapa ceMbjj,ecaT BoceMb, Tperaô non,be3fl, ilhtmh 3Ta>K.
— Bxofl CO HB o pá HJIH C yjTHIIbl?
— C JToMOHocoBCKoro npocneKTa.
— CnacHÖo, a 6yny y Te6a 3aBTpa b ceMb.
— Xopomo, no cBHnaHHfl!
ynpaiKHeHHe 37. ÍTpocnyuiaftTe, npomrraATe n,Hanor, onpe/jenHre thiibi HK.
CEMbfl
— y Bac Ďojibuiaa ceMba?
— Hac naTb nenoBeK: oTeii, MaTb, nßa 6paTa h a.
— Tne paÖOTaioT Baum ponHTejiH?
— Moo oTeii paöoTaeT Ha 3aB0ne. MaTb npenonaer b imcojie aHr-
JIHHCKHH H3bIK.
95
— BpaTbH paôbTaioT hhh yqaľcn?
— Ohh cTyaeHTw. HHKojiaž 3aKäHHHBaeT M TY, (JDH3HKO-MaTeMaTH-qecKHH (JiaKyjibTeT, a MHxawji nocTyroui Ha nepBbiň Kypc MennirHHCKo-ro HHCTHTyia. A y Bac ecTb ôpaTbH h cecTpw?
— £fa, y MeHH cecTpa Bpaq, a 6paT HHaceHep. CecTpa 3a\iy>KeM. y Heě' flBoe neieň, ohh b nercKOM cany.
— BpaT »cenaT?
— HeT, oh xonocT.
— Bbl >khjih C pOnHTejIflMH?
— J\a, so npne3Aa b MocKBy.
— IlpHxonHTe k HaM, SyneM panbi.
— CnacHôo, c ynpBOjibCTBHeM.
y P O K N° 9
cornACHbiŇ [n*] (MflrKMň).
yflAPEHME B CyiUECTBMTEJlbHblX CPEflHETO POflA.
TPETbfl HHTOHAUMOHHAfl KOHCTPyKLJIIfl B flOB ECTBOB ATEJ1 bHOM riPEA/lOMEHMU.
3BYK [ji'J (MflJKHtf)
IIpH npoH3HeceHHH [ji*] cpenHe-3ariHHH qacTb H3biKa nonHHMaeľCH k BepxHeMy Hé"6y, a koh^hk «3biKa nonHHT h yroipaeTCH b anbBeojibi. B pyccKOM H3biKe  [jť] ynoTpeôjiHeTCfl b cneflyioinHX no3HUHHx:
a) nepefl macHHMH: Jlem, jiuna, ľlonn, Jlwoa, JJě/in;
6) b aÔCOJlIOTHOM KOHJie CJIOBa: COJlb, MO/lb, IJbl/lb;
b) nepen, corjiacHHMH (npH ^Terom nepen; „cMHrqHienbHbiM" b):
CKOAbKO, 60ňbHO\
r) nepen. [j] (npH merom nepeA pa3AenHTenbHbiM b): Kpbi/ibn,
/IblOT.
CrienyeT cTporo pa3rpäHHHHBaTb npoh3homenne [n] h [ji'] , t. k. b OTAejibHbix cJiyqanx sto HMeeT CMbicnopa3nHSHTenbHoe 3Haqe-HHe: uen — ue/ib, moji -- Mo/ib, nyK — jik>k.
YnpaiKHeHHe 1. Cnymairre, noBTopattTe, cneflHTe 3a apTHKynaiiHeft.
Jla - an - jih - jih, no - on - ne - ne, ny - yn - nro - nio, ns - 3Ji, ne - ne, nbi - bin, - jih - hh, jih • Jin, - ne - n'é, - nio - Jíro, jdi - nn, ne - ne.
ynpancHeHHe 2. OiyiiiaftTe, noBTopÄÄTe.
M — JIH — JIHTb — JIHJIH — JIH Hb — nHJlíl — H0CHJ1H — XOnjUIH — CO'
jm — ryjiHJiH — ycHJiHTejib — ruiaranH — crpenajiH — coHJTHBbiH — Bfla-
HH — 3eMHH.
96
ynpaameHHe 3. CnyiuaHTe, noBTOpxHTe.
JlaK — Jinr, HaioioH — kjich, nonica — cneT, cnbtri — cjihji, jiyK — jiioK, ynOB — y JleBbi, jiotoc — jierabrií, nona — nonn, iuiob — KJieB,
jlblCbM — flHCbl, JI03H — CJlé*3bI, ITHJlbl — IttUIH.
YnpajKHemie 4. CjiyuiaÄTe, noBTOpHÄTe. npomHecHTe caMOcToaxeJibHO cjiOBa c coqeTaHMHMH ne, jih, jih, jih>, jiS.
1. JleHb, ojreHb, nneTb, nneMH, jre3b, JleHa, jieBbiň, cneßa, JieB, jiec, KJieTKa, KOTnera, xjieö, öHJieT, ruieHHbiň.
2. JlHTb, JIHCTbH, JlH/jmh,  IiaBJTHH, JIHIia, JlH3a, MaJTH, ÖJIH3KO,,
BeJiHK, BepjiHH, Kjihh, Kopa&iH, BjianH,nHpa.
3. Ilona, 3eMJiH, Jlnna, cnaKOTb, iuiacica, KjiHTBa, Ona, KOjiä,
riOJIH, BaJTH, JJOJ1H, BOJ1H.
4. JIkj/jh, jioBJiH), jth)6jik), JlroSa, JirooibKa, JiiocTpa, kjiiohhk, ojiionpř
5. JlěBa, nojiěT, cn'éi, ruie'TKa, kjiSh, jicthmh, cné3bi, nemHK, Jlena, 3ejieHbm.
YnpajKHeHHe 5. üpowiaHTe npeanoHcemüi, cnenjtTe 3a npoH3HomeHiieM [n']
h HHTOHaDHeft.
ľne ojieHb? OjieHb b jiecy. Jlec cneßa. My3eií ^aÔKOBCKoro b KjiHHy? IloeneM b KjraH? IOjih h Bann b Eepmwte. Tbi 6bm b Mana? Jli&6a h Jlena MJiyT b jiec. JléBa Kynnn xne6. Xjieö Ha Gnione. KněH 3ejieHbiH. IlojieT ynáncn. JlěTHHK npBÓneH. JleB b leiénce, oh b He-BOJie. JÜba h Jbína enar KoxneTbi. Tm jikjÖhuh» KomeTbi?
ynpajKHeHHe 6« CnyinafiTe, nofiTopxHTe, cnejjHTe 3a npoH3HouieHHCM.
üaji — najTb, cran — ciajib, yroji — yrojib, moji — MOJib, 6bin — 6buib, nopon — naponb, en — ejib, n.bm — nbmb, mcji — Menb, u,eji — uejib, Kapayn — Kapayjib, nbm — nbuib.
ynpajKHeHHe 7. CnyuiaftTe, noBTopaňTe.
Enb, cojib, pynb, crarib, py&ib, ciajib, yronb, poHjib, KopaGnb,í Menajib, KHcenb, CTeôejib, to non b, nHpicyjib, cneKTaicnb, 3pwrenb, BonHTenb, y^HTenb, co3HnaTenb, nncaTenb, rocrmianb, nioÖHTenb, ocHOBaTenb, pyicoBonHTenb, npenonaBaTenb, neaTenb, KapToqbenv
aBTOMOÔIDIb.
ynpajKHeHHe 8. IIpoH3HecHTe cnoBa h HanmiiHTe hx SyKBaMH. [con'], [najť], [cian'], [nbnť], [Hjýn'].
VnpaxcHeHHe 9. CnyuiaftTe, noBTopHÄTe, cnenHre 3a apTHKyjiínmeft [ji'] nepefl comacHbíMH (iio3huhä nepefl ,,CMHr4MTejibHbrM" b).
CHJibHo, CHjibHbM, nenbHbiH, yronbHbrH, crrpoHTenbHbm, 6ojibHo, GojibHoH, wrajjbHbiň, CMepienbHbrií, HopMajibHbm, neHTpanbHbiň, HaTypajibHbm,  couHajibHbiň, 3acT0flbHbiň, MaKCHMajibHbiň, hhhhbh-
97
nyajibHMH, HauHOHanbHbiH, My3biKanbHbra, TeaTpanbHbiH, nonroTOBH-TejibHMH, nwjibHbiH, CMepTenbHbiH, maronbHbiii, nonjionbHbiH, Heaiejib-
HblH, CCbJJIbHMH, KaÖajIbHblH, CKOJIbKO, CTOJIbKO, TOJlbKO, qoaKyjlbTCT,
Ojibra, naJibTO.
ynpajKHeHHe 10. 06pa3yftTe ot paHHLix cymecTBHTejiBHbix npHjiaraTentHbie c cy<p4>hkcom -H. Cjiemrre 3a apTHKyjuuuien JjT],
O 6 p a 3 e ii: cum — cwibnuü
IlbiJib, co3HffaTejib, neno, yrojib, crpoHTejib, nonnonbe, ccbüiKa, jißinenb, ck an flau, KpH CTajui, rnaron.
YnpaxcHeHHe 11. CnyiuaHTe, sanoMHHie npoH3HomeHHe.
cymecTBMiejifcHoe HMeHHTenbHbiH ^
npHJiaraTejibHoe ponHTejibHbiü
HHcnHxejibHoe flaTejibHbrii      > najjexH
rnarojTbHbm BHHHTejibHbrä
Cy(j)(j)HKCaJIbHbIH TBOpHTejIbHbM ^
Ynpa^KHeHHe 12. npoH3HecHTe cnoBa, cnenHTe 3a apTHKyjiÄUHeH [n'].
KOpaGjib — KopaöjiH npenonaBaieuib — npenonäßaTenn
pyöjib — pyöjiH >KHTejib — >khtcjih
yronb— yrjra mnaTejib— HUTaTenH
neHTejib — aeHTejTH noöeflHTejib — no6eflHTenH
Mbicjib — MbicjiH riHcaTenb — nHc^TenH
nopT(|>ejib— nopT(j)enH co3naTenb — c»3naTejm
CTpoHienb — cTpoHrejTH nenb — nenn
YnDaxweHHe 13. llpoHSHecHTe cjiOBOCoqeraHHH, cjieflHie 3a apTHKyjiH-UHeH [nj h jji'].
UeHTpajibHbiH Bonpoc. HaTypajibHbm cok. BojibHofi Mänb^HK. BajieHTHH CHJibHbiM. ^HTajibHbBi 3an. MhahbhnyanbHbin ruiaH. üaribTo H3 HaiypanbHoro BOJiOKHa. My3biKäjibHbiH cnyx. MaKCHManbHaa flö'sa. TeaTpajibHbiH ce30H. HopManbHan TeMnepaiypa. HannoHahbHan peo nyojiHKa. nonroTOBHTenbHbifi qbaKynbieT. CoirnäjibHbie npooneMbi.
CKOnbKO CTOHT?
YnpajKHeHMe 14. CnyiuaHTe, noBTOpHÄrc, npaBHJiLHO npoH3HocHie [n'] nepen. y]  (iio3huhh pa3flejiHTcntHoro b).
JlbH, Jlbe, nbH, nbKt, nbe, jiH-jibH, ne-nbe, xra-nbH, nio-nbio, ne'-nbe; Hjibfl, crynbfl, YnbflHa, KpbinbH, KonbH, Becenbe, pa3nonbe, ymenbe, ynbH, y HnbH, nwoT, nonbio, öenbef, ni»eT.
ynpaxcHeHHe IS. IloBTopHHTe.
Jly-nio-nbH), na-nn-nbH, no-ne-nbÖ, ns-ne-nbe, nw-nn-nbH.
98
ynpaxcHeHHe 16. IIpocnymaHTe, noBTOpme, conocraBbTe cnoBa no 3HaHeHHio. Bbia^JieHHbie cnoBa naiťre b TpaHCKpHnuHH.
KOJIH— KOJIhH, COmO — COJIbK), CTyTÍ ■— CTyjlbH, J1H)T— JIblOT, HJTH —
HnbH.
YnpajKHeHHe 17. ľlpowTaftTe, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HonieHHeM Bbin,ejieHHbix
CJIOB.
Kojia npHexan yrpoM. CanpBHHK 3aôHBaeT b 3eMnio Konui. Koc-MHHecKHH nojiěT 3äBepmeH. Cthjio tcmho, ceňnac nojibéT npxcnb. H co-
jBO cyn. Ceiŕqac h conbio 3Ty Bony. Y cryna MHTKoe chachhc IlpHB e3Jin
HOBbie CTyjlbH.
ynpaxcHeHHe 18. IipocnyinaHTe CTHXOTBopeHHe, Bbi^ejmie cnoBa c [n] h [n'], npoH3HecHTe hx.
ECJ1H SI HE BEPHYCb, flOPOrAfl...
Ecjih ň He BepHycb, no po ran, HeacHbiM nHCbMaM tbohm He BHeMJia, He nonyMaň, hto 3to — npyran. 3to 3HaMHT... cbipaa 3eMiiii.
3TO 3H34HT, JiyÔbl-HeniOHHMbl HaAO MHO H) rpyCTHT B THIUHHe,
A TaKyio pa3jiyxy c jiioôhmoh
Tm npocTHuib BMecTe c ponHHoň mhc
TonbKo BaM h BceM cepmieMH BHeMnio,
TOJIbKO BaMH h CM3CTJIHB h 6bDi: JlHIHb TeÖH h pOflHMyH) 3eMľIH)
H BceM cepAueM, tw 3Haeuib, jhoôhji.
H flOKOJie jjy6bi-HejiionHMbi Hano mhoh He ckjiohhtch, npeMfiH, TonbKO Tbl MHe h ôyneinb hioöhmoh,
TOJIbKO Tbl na pOflHaH 3eMHfl.
(M. Ytkuh)
ynpaxaieHHe 19. npocjiyuiaftTe h npowTaftxe nnajior, cnenjue 3a npoH3-HomeHHeM [ji] h [n']. CnenaÄTe HHTOHauHOHHyio pa3MeiKy TeKcra.
HA BOK3AJTE
— Bot h BOK3an, Mbi npHexajffl BOBpeMÄ.
— KoTopbm nac?
— riojiOBHHa BToporo.
— Tw He 3a6bui nan b to?
— HeT, n yjio>khj[ ero b Meere c nnenpM.
— Hang npnrnacHTb HocHnuiniKa.
— 3to crjenaeTHnbK,
99
— A boh Ojibra c yjibHHOH, ohh y iteHTpanbHOH oHJieTHoň Kaccbi.
— IloqeMy HeT JlěBbi?
— OH OOJieH, OH 3BOHHJI mhc
— Hy, Jiarmo, noeneM o«hh.
— JleB npHeneTB noHeaejibHHK.
— EyneM xnaTb ero Ha Bojire.
— Jlo CBHnaHHH, MocKBa!
YnpaÄHeHHe 20. IIpocnyiuaHTe h npowrattTe OTpbiBKH Ha CTHxoTBopeHHň A. C. riyuiKHHa h A. A. ÓeTa. IlpaBHJibHo apTHKyjmpyftTe 3ByKH [n] h [n]. BbuieneHHue cjioBa aafiTe b tpaHcKpHim km•
Bbi nooejmjiH: cjiaBa saM. H raxaa nyHa, KaK neöejjb BeniwaBbiň, mibroěT b cpeöpHCTbix oöjiaKax. H jiHpa crana moh ynen.
Ero CTHXOB mieHHTejibHa» cnanpcrb
IlpOHflěT BeKOB 3aBHCTJIHByH) nam*,
H BHeMJlH HM, B3J40XHěT o cjiaBe MJianOCTb,
YTeiHHTCH 6e3MOJiBHaH nenajib .. .
Hern, KopaÔJib, HecH Meiw k npenejiaM najibHHM. Hrpaü, Anejib, He 3Haň neqanH. JIioöh, Anejib, moio cBHpejib.
B neca, b nycTbMH MOJiqajrHBbi üepeHecy, to5oio nojiH, Tboh CKanbi, tboh 3ajiHBbi, H ôJiecK, h TeHb, h roBOp bojih.
(A. TlyuiKUH)
TycKHeioT yrriH. B iionyMpaKe Ilp03paqHblH BběTCH oroHeK.
TaK iuiemeT Ha ßarpHHOM Maice
KpbUIOM Jia3ypHbIM MOTbDieK.
* * *
np03Byqajio Han hchoh peKOio, Ilp03BeHejio b noMepKineM Jiyry, IIpoKaTHnocb Han pomeň Hervioio, 3acBeTHnocb Ha tom ôepery.
OoJiaKOM BOJIHHCTbIM
Ubvib BCiaéT BnajiH; KoHHbM HJIH neiintíí — He BHnaTb b Hbijm!
H ne m Hpqe Hrpajia nyHa,
H qeM rpOMMe cBHcran oojioBeö,
100
Bee ĎJienHeň craHOBHTiacb OHa, CepAue ŕjHJiocb DOJibHeÖH öojibHen.
(A. 0er)
ynpajKHCHHe 21. ripocnymaítie h npo wraflTe tckct, BbiimmHTe cnoBa oo 3ByKOM [jť] h [ji], npoH3HecHTe Hx emě pa3o
B HECY
Jlec 6bui nojiOH ronocoB. Xlposnbi cnnenH Ha bmcokhx ejixx h nenn. 3h6jihkh panoBajmcb conHiry. JjHTjibi loace npHBeTCTBOBajTH Beany. Ohh He yMenn neTb, ho 6bicTpo cryHajm no cTBonaM cbohmh
KpenKHMH    KJIíOBUMH.    IlpH   nOHBJíeHHM ManbUHKOB-HaTypajTHCTOB
6oH3JTHBbie nTHUbi pa3neTanHCb, a cMejibie ocTaBajmcb Ha MecTax.
YnpaMiHeHMe 22. npocnymairre h npoHHTaÄTe cTHXoTBopeHHe. Bbin,eneHHbie cnoBa :3aTpaHCKpH6HpyftTe.
EEJIAfl EEPĚ3A
H noMHio, paHHJio 6epe*3y OcKÓnKOM ôoMÔbi Ha 3ape. CTyfleHbrii coK 6excan, KaK cne3W, ITo H3yBeqeHHoň Kope. 3a nécoM nyiuKH rpoxoTajiH, Kľiy6HJicH n,biM nopoxoBoň.
HO Mbl CTOJlHUy otctohjih,
CnacnH 6epé'3y non Mockboh. H paHO-paHeHbKO BecHOK) Bepé*3a ôenan onHTb Onenacb hobom jihctbÓio H cTána 3efMJiio yicpamaTb...
(C Bacusibea)
y/JAPEHME B cymECTBMTEJlbHblX CPEflHETO POflA
1. nocTOHHHoe ynapeinie bo Bcex <})opMax enHHcrßeHHoro h mho-»cecTBeHHoro HHcna HMeioT cjienyioijiHe cy(})4>HKcanbHbie 4>opMbi cy-mecTBHTenbHbix cpeímero po na: -eHH (e) : deujtcénue, crpeM/ienue -aHH (e) : e3bicKanue, cTpaddnue -CTB (o) : öoearcTeo, páeencreo -CTBH (e) : npenÁrcTeue, c/iédcreue -th(e): pa36UTue, coôbime -HUIK(o) : líUCbMUtUKO, zopodúuiKO -muik (o) : KpblflblULKO, COJlHbllUKO
■e^K (o) : caosShko, MecrenKO -«m(e) : muiúiue, rynoeuine.
101
2. B pane jjBycjiosKHbix cjiob cpeanero poaa nponcxoanT cnBHr yaapeHHJi npH o6pa30BaHHH <|)0pM mho>kcctbeHHoro qncna. 3anoMHH-Te, mo ecjiH b enHHCTBeHHOM qncne yaapeHHe nanaeT Ha ocHOBy, to bo MHO>KecTBeHHOM qwcne oho nepexoAHT Ha oKOHqaHne: Mope - MopA, aaoeo - c/ioed, none — no/iA (ncKjiw^eHHc: Kpecno - Kpecna, 6/ideo — 6/idea). Ecjih b enHHCTBeHHOM qHcae yaapeHHe nanaeT Ha
OKOHVaHHe, TO BO MHO>KeCTBeHHOM MHCJie OHO nepeXOAHT Ha OCHOBy.
nnTHo — nAma, huc/io — Hucaa, ctckjio — creK/ia.
3. CneayeT ciporo pa3jiHqaTb (J)opMbi mhojkcctbeHHoro qHcna h enHHCTBeHHoro HHcna ponHTejibHoro naae>Ka: nuw - nund, nucbMa -nucbMa, okhu — oKhd. HanpHMep:
y hux cuacmuebie /tuna. Tbi He 3aMerwi Moeeo jiuu,d. Hnonymn nucbMa. Oh nenonymn emenucbMa. Okhu OTKpbiibi. 3decb Her okhq.
4. y hmSh cymectbhTenbHbix b cpopMe ponHTejibHoro naneaca mho-)KecTBeHHoro qncna c HyneBbiM oKomaimeM yaapeHne 6biBaeT Ha no-cnenHeM rnacHOM: 3epKdn, cepdeu, He6ec, uydec, Koneu, (h c k n io-q e H h e: fcpyjicee).
5. CymecTBHTenbHwe oko h yxo b <t>opMax KocBeHHbix naae>iceH mho)kectbeHHoro qncna hmciot yaapeHne Ha OKOHqaHHHx (oneu, yuieu, owm, yiuaM, ondMU, yuiaMu, odotdx, odymdx).
3anoMHHTe (popMM cnoBa nuu,o: xiii(orf Ruu,d, Ruu,y, ruu,6m o Muite; mho)KecTBeHHoro qncna —Auu.a, Muii, huucim, kiiv,aMU, o nuuax.
6. CymecTBHTenbHbie Ha -ma hmciot b <J>opMax MHoacecTBeHHoro qncjia yaapeHHe Ha OKOHqaHHH (KpOMe jhoaw), a b poaHTeabHOM naae->Ke HMeioT HyneBoe OKOHqaHHe: umm — uMena, — UMen — UMemM; wiSmm — nmneud — n/ieMen —wieMeuaM; c£mh — ceMem — ccmsih — ceMenaM; crpe'MX — crpeMend - cTpeMAn — crpeMemM; epeMH - epe-Mend - epejuen - epeMenaM.
ynpaxeifeHHe 23. Cnyiuaftxe, noBTopHttTe. npomrrafiTe caMocroHTentHo, cne-HHTe 3a CflBHTOM yuapeHHa.
okho — oKHa rnQ3ji6 — rHe'3na
HHUO — HHUa CTeKTIO — CTe'KJia
nw.u.6 — jiHua Becno — Becna
qncno — qncna pe6po — pe6pa
bhho — BHHa nHTHO — nflTHa
Beapo — Beapa nerx5 — ne'pbfl
JTHCbMO — raicbMa ceno — cSna
Ynpa>KHeHHe 24. ripoHHTaftTe cnoBOcoqeraHHH, cne/jHTe 3a ynapeHHeM b cno-Bax cp^Hero pona MHO»fecTBeHHoro qHcna.
IlHCbMO c poaHHbi. BoraTbie cena. TycHHbie nepbH. Cyxne BHHa. rinTHa ot 6eH3HHa. JlBy3HaqHbie qncna. OnycTH Becna. fleTCKHe nn-aa. rony6we cTeicna. Hfiua BCMHTKy. BopoHbH rae3aa. y3KHe OKHa.
102
YnpajKHeHHe 25. OCpaayttTe mho >kcctb chho c hhctio ot cnewyiomHx cyuiecr*
BMTeJlbHfalX.
OKHO, JTHUO, IDICbMO, BHHO, HHUO, CTCKJIO, tíHCJIO, IIHTHO.
Ynpax(HeHHe 26. rTpocJiyiuaftTe, npocnejíHTe 3a c^bhtom yaapeHHfl.
Mope — Mopá, cjiobo — cjioBa, MecTO — Mecra, ce*pnii;e — cepaaa, bohcko — BoňcKa, npáBo - npaBa, néjio — aejiá, none — nona.
ynpaxcHemie 27. ITpoH3HecHTe cHaqana b pojíHTenbHOM nan,e>Ke ep,nHCTBen-Horo HHCJia, a 3areM bo mhokcctbchróm qncne cnoBa:
Mopa, cnoBa, Mečia, cepaaa, BoňcKa, nona, npaBa, aena.
ynpaxcHeHHe 28. 3anoMHHie cnenyioiUHe (popmu cjiob: Hyao — Hyaeca — *tyji,éc; h^Ôo — Heôeca — Heôec. ynpaxcHeHHe 29. np04nraftTe cJiOBOcoHeraHHa.
CBOôoaHbie MecTa. ,Hp6pbie cepaaa. Haiim npaBa. 3ejieHbie nona. CeBepHbie Mopa. Tonyôbie He6eca. BoňcKa HenpHaienn. 3anoMHHTe sth cjiob a.
ynpaaťHeHHe 30. a) npocnymattTe, čnejme 3a cabhtom yflapeHHH. hmh — HM6Ha
iuieMÄ — nneiMeHa ho:
ceMK — ceMeHa 3HaMH — 3HaMeHa
dpeMH — CTpeMeHa
BpeMH — BpeMeHa
6) npomfrafire cnoBa bo mho)K6ctb€Hhom qncJie: BpeMeHa, 3HaMé*Ha, HMeHa, qyaeca, He6eca.
YnpaxcHeHHe 31. 06pa3yftre OTrnarojibHbie cymecTBHxenbHue ot cneflyro-iiihx rjiaronoB npH iiomoiiih cycJxpHKCOB -eHH (e), -smi (e).
HanpaBJíflTbCfl, yrneTaib, cTpeMHTbca, aBHraTbca, o6i>enHHHTbCH, no3apaBHHTb, cTpaaaTb, cBepraTb.
YnpajKHeHHe 32. IlpoiHTanTe npejjnojKOíHJi. CnoBa H3 cko6ok nocTasKre b
B HyjKHOfi 4>OpMe.
BonbiiiHe (okho) BbixonHJiH b caa. Ha Bcex (okho) aBeTbi. BnaHa TOjibKO ^acTb (okho). Bce (nucbMo) ot 6paia, a ot cecTpbi HeT (nucbMÓ). 3th (Mecm) CBo6oflHbi? HeT hh oaHoro (Mecm). Ha KapTe BHaHbi TOJibKO ceBepHwe (MOpe). JXom y (MOpe). Bciony npHBeniHBbie (nuu,o). Ero (jiuuo) a He yBHaen. CKoabKo (nucbMo) tm nony^mi? OTKpoÔTe Bce (okho) , 3aecb Teiuio.
103
TPETbfl
HHTOHAU.MOHHAH KOHCTpyKUMfl (MK-3) B nOBECTBOBATEflbHOM nPE/J,J10>KEHI/IM
TpeTbH HHTOHanHOHHafl KOHCTpyKiiHfl (HK-3) ynoTpe6nfleTCH He
TOJlbKO B BOnpOCHTenbHOM, HO H B IIOBeCTBOBaTCJIbHOM nperjjiojKeHHH,
3 .
b HeKoneMHoň cHHTarivie. HanpHMep: Koeda npuexaa Bonodn, \ ece CTCLflO useecTHO.
ynpaiKHeHHe 33. CnymaňTe, noBiopaňie.
JlBepb. Jlpepb? Ctoji. Ctoji? 3to flBepb? 3to ctoji? 3to KOMHaia. 3to KOMHaia? Y Hac ypoK. y Hac ypoK? y Hac ypoK pyccKoro íOMKa. y Hac ypoK pyccKoro ínbiKa? rlHKOJiaň nexpoBHi Ha Kachenpe. Hhko-jiaň neipoBHH Ha Kacheflpe?
ynpaiKHeHHe 34. npoiHTattTe, cnenHTe 3a nBHMteHHeM TOHa.
1 3 0 3 1
Oh flOMa? Oh nemá? Bmhah H3 npMa, I MapHH noMaxana pyKOH.
1 3 3
Mbi BdpeTHjTHCb. BcrpeTHJiHCb? Korná mm BCTpeTHJiHCb, I h eMy BCC
1 1 3 3
paccKa3ana. npoxonHTe b KOMHaiy. B KOMHaiy? Bohah b KOMHaiy, I
1 3 . 1
Cepreň ocTaHOBHJica. Korná BOHněuib b KOMHaiy, I nocMOTpH Hanpa-
13 3
bo. něip cMeancfl. PaccMeanca? Oh pacCMeanca I h cian Bcex no3fl-
11 3 3
paBjíHTb. Hano paooTaTb. Hano paooiaTb? Ecjih 6yn,eTe mhoid pa6o-
raTb, I ycnex ooecnewH.
ynpaxcHeHne 35. npocjiymaftTe pyccKHe nocnoBHUbi. IIpoBenHTe qneHeHHe Ha cHHrarMM, onpenenHTe tmiim MK. Bbiytftrre HeKOTopbie nocnoBHUbi HaH3ycTb.
C KeM noBeněuibCH, ot Toro h HaĎepěuihCH. CeMb pa3 oTMepb, oahh pa3 oipeacb. Ym xopomo, a nsa nyvme. JJanhiiie b nec - objíbuie npoB. KaKOB nap— TaKoB h noioiOH.
JlMOHIUb KaTaTbCH — jiiooh h CaHO^KH B03HTb.
CnepBa nonyMaň, noTOM roBopn.
*Ito HaimcaHo nepoM, Toro He BbipySHuib ronopoM.
B rocTflx xcpoiuo, a noMa nýtuje.
Bce 3a onnoro, o/jhh 3a Bcex.
He HMeá cro py6neň, a HMeň cro npyseň.
ynpawHeHHe 36. ripocnyiuaňTe h npomrraňTe npennoJKeinra, cnenHTe 3a hh-TOHauMeíl. CnenaňTe HHTOHauHOHHyio pa3MeTKy.
M3 doMa? Bbiňna H3 noMa, Mbi paccrajiHCb- Okojio nnru wcoe? Okoho naTH nacoB pasnanca 3bohok. B UodMOCKoebe? Bce' neio b
104
MocKBe h ÍIoffMocKOBbe öbino xcapKo. Moü opar? Moň 6paT — maB-
HblH XHpypr KJIHHHKH. IJuCbMO? HaiTHCaB nHCbMO, fl BJI05KHJI en) B KOH-BepT. MOHKOeCKUÜ? BjiaflHMHp MaflKOBCKHH — MOH JIIOÔHMblH n03T.
IJodyMaü? CHanana nonyMaň, hotom roBOpH. Tuk? 3to 6wno TaK KpacHBO, HTO 3anoMHHjiocb HaBcerna. Bwier? Bot Te6e SurieT, BCTpe-THMCH y Bxona b TeaTp. IJepecraHeT? Korná Äoacnb nepecTaHeT, 6yneM rynflTb b jiecy. IJpedMeT? Jijia. Menu caMbiň TpynHbiň npejjjvieT — sto apaßcKHH H3WK. MoHK? Okojio Mara3HHa „MaHK" b BCTpeiHji HßaHa. Ha nepeoM ? H >KHBy Ha nepaoM sTaace, a oh Ha btooom. Pynhty? H npo-cHJi pyMKy, a tm npHHěc KapaHnam. IJpuedere? Korna npHeneie, naiŕre TejierpaMMy. YrpoM? 3aBTpa yrpOM Hanp BCTpexHTb AHHy Hßa-
HOBHy.
ynpawHeHHe 37. IIpocnyiiiaňTe tckct, cnenjrre 3a HHTOHHpoBaHHeM HK-1, HK-2, MK-3. ilpaBHJibHo lipoh3hocuts BbifleneHHwe [ji] h [ji'] b pa3Hbix no3H-uhjix. HanHLUHTe tckct non HHKTOBKy.
rojiyBH
Bbniien H3 jieca I h ocTaHOBHjic«. BoKpyr 6bmo thxo. npHÔJin-Hcanacb rpo3a. TěMHo-cHHHH Týna I 3aicpbiBajia nonoBHHy Heôa.
BeTpa He Öbirto. Bee' 3aMepno. He cnbmiHo 6bmo hh ohhoh immu.
2
JIsl'jkb BopoöbH Bee norípHTajiHCb.
3       . 1
H numen Ha chhioio rpoManHyio Tyqy I h nyMan: „Ceiwac CBepK-* i* i*        i* i*
h§t mohhhh, I 3arpeMHT rpoM, I h Ha^HěTCH CHjibHan Sypa"1.
Ho Tyqa He nBHrajiacb. Ona no-npeacHeivfy nasmia Ha 6e3MonB-
3 . 1
Hyio 3eMJiK) I h nocTeneHHo TeMHena.
H Bflpyr ä yBHflen, I icaK BnajiH no TeMHOMy He6y I 3aMenbicano: mto-to cBeinoe, KaK Gejibďi irnaToqeK.
To neTen co cTopoHbi nepeBHH öenbrii ronyßb. BcKope oh CKpbinca
i
3a necoM.
i i npoinno HecKOnbKO MHiryr. BoKpyr ctobjw Bee Ta ace THimiHa.
H bot yace MenbicaioT b He6e jopa nnaTKa: I to neTHT äomoh b nepeBHio
flBa 6enbix ronyöa.
noflyn CHJibHbiH BeTep, I csepicHyna mojihhh, I nporpeMen rpoM 1 i
- Haianacb 6ypH.
HK-la ynoTpeSnseTcH b 3MOUHOHanbHo oKpaiueHHtix npeanoHceHHax M HHTOHMpyeTCH c JierKMM noBbiiueHMeM to Ha h 3Ha4HTenbHbiM ywiHHeHHeM rjiacHoro b uewrpe HK.
105
ň ejuBa npôexcan noMoií.
nos KpbiuieH, 1 Ha caMOM Kparo cjryxoBoro oKHa, I CHnejiH nBa ôejibix rojiyoa: I tot, KOTopbiH cjieTaji 3a TOBapnineM, I h tot, koto oh npHBeji, I h, moäct 6brrb, cnac. Ohh cnnejiH panoM 1 h qyBCTBOBa-
3 3
JTH KaKJTblH CBOHM KpbIJIOM I KpbJJIO COOSfla. HM ObUlO xopouio!
{ßoM. TypzeHeey).
ypoK io
COr/IACHblE [>k, tu]. yAAPEHME B nPMflAľATEJlbHblX. HETBĚPTAfl MHTOHAljHOHHAfl KOHCTPyKUMfl ÍMK-4)
3ByKM [uj,>k]
B pyccKOM H3biKe cornacHwe [ac, hi] b jhoooh no3HHHH npoH3Ho-chtch TBepflo, HanpHMep: Map, My k, wejiydb, mtp, Mepdb; map, luyM, luoK, luupMa, utecr.
3ßyK [>k] — TBSpJJbffl, 3BOHKHH, HfflriHIHHH.
3byk [m] - TBepnbiH, rnyxoň, uihiwiiihh.
npH npOH3HeceHHH 3ByKOB [ 5K, 111] 3aHHHH laCTb CTfHHKH H3blKa
oüibHo HanpasKena h nonHHMaeica k MarKOMy He'6y, o6pa3ya menb. CpejiHaa qacTb a3WKa onymeHa h BorayTa b BHije jio)kkh. Kohmhk a3biKa nojjHHMaeTca k ajibBeonaM, TaK*e o6pa3ya mejib. TaKHM 06-pa30M, 3ByK o6pa3yeTca npH TpeHHH CTpyn B03nyxa, npoxonaiueň qepe3 o6e inejiH. ľyôbi npHHHMaioT axTHBHoe yqacjHe, BhinBHraacb BnepSfl.
B   COBpeMeHHOM   pyCCKOM  H3bIKe  3BVKH [ 3K, Hl] IlpOH3HOCHTCa
He TOJibKo Ha MecTe 6yKB ík h iij, ho iaK>Ke BMecro HeKOxopbix coqe-TaHHň 3By*KOB, 3anoMHHTe Hanobnee iHnHMHbie cnyqaH.
1. ConeTaHHe qT b cnoBe hto h b npoH3BOJjHbix ot Hero npoH3-HoCHTca K3K [hit] (3a HCKjiřoqeHHeM n€hto), HanpHMep, b cjioBax:
hu 3d HTO, He 3d HTO, HTOÔbl, HTO-TO, KOe-HTO, HTO-HUÔydb.
2. Ha Me er e coqeiaHHa hh npoH3HocHTca [luh] b tskhx cnoBax,
KaK KOHCHHO, CKyHHO, HüpOHHO, xuhhuu_a, fipdHeHHQJl. B 5KCHCKHX ot-
qecTBax Ha -nwa: Mapun M/ibunuma, Bepa Hukutuhhü h np.
3. CoqeTaHHe 3»c Ha cTbiice npncTaBKH h KopHa (6e3MU3HeHHbiů), a TaKSKe npeanora h nocnenyioiiíero cnosa (6e3 mojioctu) npoH3HocHT-ca KaK jjbohhoh TBepflbiH mc. B TpaHCKpHiuMH 3TOT 3By*k o6o3HaqaeTca [ík], rne 3H3K [—] o6o3HaqaeT AojiroTy 3ByKa.
4. Ha MecTe coqeTaHHň čiu h 3iu Ha cTbiKe MopipojioraqecKHx qac-reň cnoBa (pecuiyMHbiü, 3aM'ép3utuu) miH npejuiora h nocnenyiomero
106
cJioBa (pe3 wyjM) npoH3HootxcH abohhoh TBSpntm [uij (b TpaHc-KpHnrniH [in]).
5. B HeKOTOpblX CJTOBaX Ha MeCTe COqeTaHHH XOKH 33K npOH3HOCHT-
ch flonrHH MHrKHH 7k (b TpaHcKpHnuHK [5k']) HanpHMep, b cnoBax: dpooiaicu, noe3jfcau, nQ3ncel.
ynpajKHeHHe 1. CnyiuaftTe, noBTOpHKTe cnosa c coHeraHHeM uiy.
Illypa, myTKa, npHHoury, nrySa, iiiyr, nHury, cnenry, k Majibiiiry, Homy, nponiy, myM, nanHiny, npHmainy, noTymy.
ynpaxcHeHHe 2. CJiyujattre, noBTopjiHTe CJioBa c ccmeraHHHMH uie" h uio [uio].
XopOIHO,  MeUIOK, IHOpOX, UIOB, rpOUIOBblH, kaMbHUOBblH, CMC
uioH, uiejiK, menoT, nemeBbiH, mgji.
Ynpa>KHeHMe 3. IipocnyuiaHTe h npoHJHecKre cnosa c coieraHHeM ma.
Ulax, mar, map, mapqb, manKa, majiocTb, maTKHH, xopoma, He enema, jranma, b KaMbimax, mypmaT.
ynpaxcHemie 4. CjiymaflTe, noBTopaftTe cnoBa   c coieraHHeM urn [ujli].
MamHHa, KSMbiiuH, He cnemn, rponm, irmHa, uiHTb, mmm, nrnqSp, o6uiHpHbiH, uihjio, cyniH,KapaHUaiUH.
YnpaiKHeHHe 5. ITpoqHT afire npeaJioxceHH*. CnenaftTe hx HHTOHauHOHHyio
pa3MetKy.
3to Hanm KapaHflaum. Bot map. Bnacy Manbinia. War 3a maroM. IUanKa xopoma. IlIanKH xopoum? Kyna oh men? 3to inenK? Cama cne-iiJHT. y Maiim mapqb H3 inSnica, a y Jlynm — H3 mepCTH,
ynpaxcHeHHe 6. npOH3HecHxe cnoBa c coqeraHHeM me.
B KOBme, mepcTb, uienecT, npnmeH, b nanme, 0 KaMbiiue, o Majibi-me, b rponie, 0 majiame.
ynpajKHeime 7. tlpocnytuaBre OTpuBKH M3 cobctckkx neceH. npomrraBTe, cjieflHTe 3a npOH3HomeHHeM cornacHOro [tu].
Bee Bbiuie , h Bbiuie h Bbiuie
CrpeMHM MW noneT HauiHx nmn,; M b Ka^cflOM nponennepe nbiniHT CnoKoiicTBHe Haiimx rpaHHu.
(II. repMan)
B coBpeMeHHOM pyccKOM jiHTepaTypHOM H3biice Ha6jnojj;aeTca TeHjieHUHa
K TBepflOCTH.
107
Haiim HHBbi rna30M He oôuiapHiiib1, He ynoMHHuib Haumx roponoB, Hame cjiobo ropnpe — TOBapHiq HaM flopoace Bcex KpacHBbix cjiob, (B. Jleöedee-KyMan)
necHK) ApyjKÖbL 3aneBaei MOJioneacb,
M0J10JJ,Ö5Kb, MOJIOjJ,ě5KL.
3 Ty necHH) He 3ajj,yiiiHiin>, He yôbeuib, He yoběuib, He y6béiin>!
(JI. Oiuuhuh)
ynpajKHeiwe 8. ITpOH3HecHTe cnoBa co 3ByKOM [m] b aöconioTHOivi kohuc cnoBa.
Bam, Ham, Majibiui, KaMbirn, Hflenib, cyuib, Mbiiiib, nHiueuib, cjibi-nTHuib, man am, Tyiiib, kobui, nyuib, nytu, myuib.
YnpaxcHeHHe 9. Cnymairxe, noBTopHHxe.
K mopoxy, k iiryTKaM, k uncone, nyimca, mxyna, uiKana, KOiiiKa, CTapyiuKa, jiHryuiKa, Manbiimca, iujih, MUmcTbiň, imryp, Koiniviap, BHunw, nHiiiHHH, uiHypKH, KaiJjjiHTb, uuieM, mpaM, uiimib, namTeT, mrEKTibKa, nononma, urráHra, iimea, iHTopa, nanmá, neBuiá, niná/ibi.
YnpajKHeHHe 10. 06pa3yftTe npeBOcxon,Hyio ereneHt ot npHJiaraTejiBHMX npH noMOuiH cy(p(pHKC0B: -aňui, -eňiu. OieaMTe 3a npOH3HOuieHn cm [iu],
0 6 p a 3 e u: Kpacmuü - Kpacueeüiuuü.
YMHblH, 3JIOH, CHnbHblH, CBeTJIblH, nÓ6pbIH, BeJIHKHH, myÖOKHH.
ynpaxcHeHHe 11. OGpaayňTe npH<iacnie npouien,mero BpeMeHH c cy(p<pHKcOM -biu. CJiejiwre 3a npowsHoiueHHeM [m],
0 6 p a 3 e u: nucdrb — micdeuiuü
H3yMaTb, paöoTaTb, iHTaTb, roBopiiTb, cMOTpérb, cKa3an>, Blíneti>, HaqaTb, npociiTb.
ynpaaťHeHHe 12. npocnyuiaÄTe h npoiHTairre cthxh. BtinnuiHTe cnoBa, co-aep«aiUHe 3ByK [ui]. IípOHSHecKTe hx.
Hue t - rynST 3ene'Hbiň niyM, 3ejiéHbiň myM, BeceHHHH myM! IllyMHT TpocTHHKa \iajiaa,
b no en e luh iuhhhx ne, m He HBnacrcH noKaaaieneivi hx mhxkocth. Ero yno-TpeöneHHe HMeer rpaMiwaTHqecKoe 3HaieHHe.
108
IlIyMHT BblCOKHH KJlěH...
IlIyMHT orní no- HOBO My» no-hobo My, BeceHHeMy.
(H. HeKpacoe).
JIe>KajiH Ha nojiKe
iTyiHHCTbie koihkk,
Ty6Hbie rapMOiiiKH,
H yTKH,
H JiynKH,
H KyKjibi — MarpSimcH.
Kto BHneji y Hac
B Mara3HHe
AHApioiuKy?
Oh caMyio Jiy^niryio
Bbi6pan HrpyiuKy.
(C. MuxajiKoe)
Hafl peKOH, HaKjioHHCb, ^to-to iuenieT KaMbnu; A KpyroM, Ha nonax, HenpoSynHafl thllü.
(M. CypuKoe)
YnpajKHeHHe 13. OiyuiaftTe, noBTopHHTe.
HI-iii-iu, >k->k*>k, iuy-uiy-my, Hcy->Kyt >KyK, ma-ma, aca-aca, »ca6a; mo-uio.xopouio; HCo,Kpy»x>K.
YnpajKHeHHe 14. OiyuiaftTe, noBTopnüTe cnoaa c coqeraHHeM ygy.
)KyK, cKa>Ky, cHxcy, noKaacy, Bbixoacy, hcytko, aoaacyp. YnpajKHeHHe 15. 06pa3yftTe Hacroamee BpeMH 1 ji. ejj. q. ot flaHHtix rnaro-
noB.
O 6 p a 3 e u: dpojtcdľb — dpojtcy
CHfleTb, BOflHTb, B03HTb, JIOKaTb, ÖpOflHTb, BB33Tb, CJieHHTb. ynpajKHeHHe 16. Oiyuiaflre, noBTOpÄHTe cjiosa c coqeraHHÄMH jko h jkK
Kpy)kok, canoacÓK, kpw>kÓbhhk, jKěnTbm, )KěnyiJb,OKpyxceH,boo-pyacé*H.
YnpaxcHeHHe 17. Oiyuiaftre, noBTopflftre cnoBa c coqeraHHeM xca.
)KapKot >KanKo, »aflHbiH, HíapHJi, nepacaji, flpojKan, noacap, ypo>KaH, »aiBa, *a6a.
109
ynpajKHeHHe 18. CnymaftTe, noBTOpjjftTe cnoBa c coneraHMeM nee.
)KepTBa, b rapaace, npoaceKTop, Ha pyöejice, nojio>KeHHe, cjiysKeö-HbiH, oTpa^ceHHe, cynceHHe, BbipaaceHHe, jkchckhh, acecT.
ynpaMíHeHHe 19. IlpocnyiiiaHTe h npoiTHTe cthxh. BbinHiuHTe cnosa oo 3By-KOM [jk].
H MOtByT b KBapTHpe C h3mh
flßa e»ca H nsa y;*ca,
UeJIblH H6Hb noioT Han, hsmh ,Hb a npHfliejia — waca. M npo HaiiiHX nßyx yxceň, Jtßyx e>Keö
H AB y X MHJKßH
3HaioT b HaiueM hobom npMe Bce nBeHanwaTb STaaceii.
(C MuxasiKoe)
YnpaiKHeHHe 20. npocnymaírre h noBTopHTe cnoBa c coneraHHeM jkh [jkm] . y>KH, jkhji, »M3Hb, npHKa^cH, CK35KH, jieacH, nojioHOín, npyacHHa,
CTpHJKH, flpOJKHT, CJiyXCHJI, CTeJIJia>KH, KpyjKHJICH, JKHOKHH.
ynpaxcHeHHe 21. 06pa3yttTe mho^kcctbcHHoe hhcjio ot cnen,yioiUHx cymecr-BHTenbHbix, npOH3HecHTe HOBbie (popMbi cnOB.
O 6 p a 3 e u: hook — hookÚ.
Ěhc, narjeac, hoä, rapájK, yac, wac, «pie^c, BHpá^c, STaac, cTeji-
JláaC, KOpHC, CTpHJK.
YnpajK Herne 22. Cnyuiaírre, noBTOpjrre,
•xrywk BajKHo onHa>Kni>i
k )Kope BejKJWBbiH ňpy3K6a
k >KyKy canoKHHK oaoKAa
pacaHoň HyxcHbiň Kflan
>KMy Hanebná jKÖan
ynpaxcHeHHe 23. npocnyiiiairre h npoHHTalrre OTpbiBOK craxoTBopeHMH, cneRHTe 3a nporoHOiueHHeM 3ByKa [tk\ . Bbiymire ero HaH3ycTb.
)KľJH Mo Hfl, H H BepHycb.
TonbKo oneHb acnH,
>KnH, Korna HaBOnnT rpycib
)KéjiTbie flOKHH,
)KnH, Korfta cHera Meryr,
110
Änj^Kornaiieapa,
JKflH, Koraa flpynix He Hcnyr,
rio3a6biB Bqepa...
(K. Cumohos)
ynpaxcHeiufe 24. IlpOH3HecHTe napu cjiob, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HOiueHHeM m nepejj, rnyxHMH cornacHbiMH.
Kpy>KOK — Kpy^KKH IIHpOHCHHK — ITHpO)íCKH
porotca — poro;>KKa npbDKOK — npbDtocH
canojKHHK — canoacKH (JwiaacoK — (JwiaacKH
ynpawHeime 25. rípocnymafiTe h npomrrailTe cthxotbopeHHe. BbininiíHTe cnoBa, conepacamne [», m].
TPH KATÍOIIIM B nepeBymKe TpH Kanoiinoi
B3HJIH B pyKH TpH KaTyíHKH,
Ulype cuihjih capacpan, Ciuhjih flenyiuKe Kac^iaH, Ciuhjih 6a6yiuKe McaxeT,
ClHHJffl flHAK)IlIKe >KHJieT.
A neBqoHKaM h MajimniiiKaM, BceM AHApiouiKaM h HaTaimcaM
ClUHUH HpKHe HITaHHIIIKH,
Ciuhjih necTpbie pyôauiKH. Otjiohchjih TpH KaTyiUKH M 3anejiH:
TpH Taiy lhkh!
(A. Cipoúňó)
ynpajKHeroie 26. HpOH3HecHTe napbi cjiob, He cMemHBaftTe n po h 3ho meHH e [*] h pil].
caaca — Cama >Kap — map
mm — íHHji acyTKo — myTKa
xajib — inajib acecr — uiecT
jiyjKa — Jlyiiia yaoi — y hm
ynpa)KHeioie 27. IlpocnyiuaHTe OTpbiBkh H3 cobctckhx necen. IlpoqHTaHTe. CnenHTe 3a npoH3HoixichheM cornacHbix [ui, jk].
H TaK tkč, KaK b kh3hh KaaqibiH, JlK)60Bb TbI BCTpeTHIUb onHa>Knbi, C TOÔOK), KaK TbI, otb35kho
CKB03b 6ypn OHa npoHňéT.
(JI. Oumhuh)
111
MHe KaMeercff nopoio, «rro cooinmi, C KpOBaBbix He npHiHeniime noneň, He b 3eMjno Hamy non e run Korna-ro, A npeBpautriHCb b 6enwx xcypaBneft.
(P. raM3CLT08)
3t35kh h eine 3tüjk — Mm c T060H k 3Bg3naM 6nHxce. H cMOTpK) n Ha ropon. Ham, CnoBHo b nepBbiH pa3 ero BHacy.
(E. JJo/maToecKuu)
ynpa>KHeHHe 28. npomrraftTe npearrojKeHHa, cne/j,HTe 3a npOH3HoineHH6M [ä, m].
Cáma mna no moccé. Mnína h Márna — MaribiiiiH. Tarvi mypmaT Ka-MbiuiH. )KyK nexHT h ^cy^oKHT. nyniHCTbiH cHer KpyHMTCH b B03nyxe. Kax no^cHBáeie? Cnacóoo, xopoinó. )KápKO, naň, noadbiyficTa, bohu. HH^ceHep )KápoB yms'éx b 5KHTÓMHpe. 3to Baina mKona? Haina nncona xopoman. flaň, nosKanyHcra, stot >KypHán. Oh nemn b iuKa^ý. Bbino acynco. 3to mýiKa. CaHcaB Tpy6e. Cáma CTyneHT. y Hero cHjibHbm acap. Illap KpacHbiH. TaM nýaca. 3to Jlyma. OneHb >Kanb. y 6á6yiirKH manb.
ynpaxíHeHHe 29. IIpoqHTaöTe npejjJioaceHHH h3 noaMbi A. C. öyuiKHHa „U,w-rajiM". BbweneHHbie cnoBaiiaHTe b TpaHCKpraiuHH.
H c myMOM Bbicbman Hapojj, maTpw pa3o6paHbi... yHbbio lOHoma rnajién Ha onycTényio paBHHHy. JIioahm cicýqHO, ni6nHM rope. Ho, 60->kc! KaK HrpájiH cTpícTH ero nocnýnmoio nymoň! CKajiaí, moh flpyr, Tbi He >Kajiéemb o tom, *rro ÔpócHJi HaBcerna? M to ac Gpocmi h? O qéM jKane'Tb? Cicají MHe: qro Taicde cnása? Ilpomno 03a neTa. Bee* tot ace oh, ceMbH Bce" tu 3kc. Oh, npe^cHHX neT ne nÓMHH naace, k 6biTbK> iibi-ra'HCKOMy npHBmk. MHe cKyqHo, cepnue bóah npócHT. nocnýinau, pac-cKaacý leQé k nÓBecTb o caMOM ceôe'. IlbrráHbi poÖKo oKpyacarm ero bcTpeBÓjKeHHOH Tonnóo. Tm He poacněH Ann ídikoh flónn, Tbl njiH ce6fl JiHujb Hmemb bÓhh. Ho crácrba Her h Meacay bÍmh, npuponbi oénHbie
CblHbÍ!...
ynpaaíHeHHe 30. npomrraÄTe cTHXoTBopeHHe, cneflHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM
3ByKOB [jk, iu, h, bi] .
B npoMeücyTKax
Memory niTopMaMH
Boflbí KaacyTcn noKOpHWMH.
B npoMe»yTKax
Me»cAy BOHHaMH
OqeHb TpyflHO 6biTb cnokohhmmh .
(JI. MapTbiHoe)
112
ynpa>KHeHHe 31. CnyuiaflTe, noBTOpaüTe. CoqeraHHH 3XHcx npoiDHOcHTe
M3 >KeHeBbi} c )Kopož, c >KeHOH, h3 acanocTH, H3>KapHTb, cxcer, oKajibCH, 6e3»canocTHbiH, H3>Kora, pa3>KHpeji, 6e3 aaipa, c xeuoň, H3 hch-pa, H3 ÄHTOMHpa, c >Kapo m .
YnpaMCHeHHe 32. FIpoH3HecHTe cnoBa h cnoBOcoqeTaHHÄ co 3ByKaMH [m, >k] . C ihhdotoh, npOHécujHH, HH3JJJHH, paciifflTbiii, 6e3 niepcTH, yrac-
jjihh, OKHMaTbCH, 06pOCIUHH, c UiyTKOH, pa3»ceBaTb, H3 XCaUOCTH, c
>KH3HbKt, 6e3 myivia, pacmyMencn, H3 unaTOB, c JKanoôbo, paciimö, 3a-
Měp3IUHH, BblCUJHH, C »CHDOM, H3 UiejIKa.
ynpaxcHeHHe 33. UpocnyiuaHTe CTHxoTBopeHHe, cnejjHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM
3ByKOB [)K, Hl] .
Ytk He6o oceHbio nbiniano, Jloaauícn Ha nonn TyMaH,
y>K peace cojihwuiko ÖjmcTano,   Tyceň KpHKUHBbix KapaBaH Kopoqe CTaHOBHJiCH AeHb, Tímyncn k wry: npH6nH»canacb
JlecoB TaHHCTBeHHaíi ceHb J3,OBOJibHO cKy^Han nopa:
C neqaflbHbiM uiyrvtOM oÔHa-       Ctohji HonÔpb yac y aBOpa. Hcanacb.
(A. C. ITyiuKun)
ynpaxcHeiflte 34. ÜpoiHTaHTe npefljiOMíeHHa: 1. HS cthxotbo peHhh M, Jlep-MOHTOBa „BopOflHHo" h 2. H3 pOMaHa XI. H. ToncTOro „BocicpeceHHe". Bufle-
neHHwe cnoBa 3aTpaHCKpH6HpyftTe.
1. JXz, 6buiH ntóm> b Háme BpéMH, He to, mto HbiHeuraee iméMH. JlocáflHo 6bmo, 6oh acfláriH. M bot Haiimň ôojibiuoe none. Y HánjHX ýni-kh Ha MaKyniKe. Bcé nryMHO Bapyr sauieBennnocb. Itaénan Bpar b tot neHb HeMáno, qro 3HaqHT pýccKHÔ 6oh ynajibiô, Ham pyiconáiimbift 6oô.
2. J^BHacémie no Kopnnópy Bce ycHJiHBanocb. Eónbiue Bceró Hapó-na Ôbino ÓKono 3ana rpaagiaHCKoro OTnenémiH. CTapýniKa 6biná ľónc-Tan HceHinHHa b HapnnHOM nnáTfae h c orpoMHbiMH n,BeTáMH Ha mnnnKe. ^to 3TO 6yaeT? Mto Sto? AnBOKaT cMOTpén Ha uBeTbi Ha eě uinnn-Ke h He cnýman ee, sto-to cooopaacán.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 35. ITpocnyuiaHTe cthxotbopeHHe. BbmenHTe cnoBa, conepHca-mne cornacHtie [m, jk]. npoqHTaňTe, cnen,HTe 3a hhtoHauneň.
Tbl aarea em&\ Mon CTapyunca? )Khb h h. IIpHBeT Te6e, npHBeTÍ
IlyCTb CTpyHTCH Hafl TBOeň H36yiIIKOH
Tot BeqepHHH HecKa3aHHbrii cBeT.
ríHiuyT MHe, »rro tm, Taa TpeBory, 3arpycTnna udhÖko 060 MHe,
113
*Ito Tbl qacTO xonHUJb Ha nppory ß CTapOMOnHOM BeTxoM uiyuryHe ...
(...)
Ä no-npexcHeMy Taicon »ce hokhmh H Memaio lOJibKo jiHuib o tom, 'Ito6 cKopee ot tockh mhtc^khoh
BopOTHTbCH B HH3ôHbKHH HaUI fíOM . . .
<...>
Tax 3a6ynb ace npo cbom TpeBory, He rpycTH TaK uihöko 060 MHe. He xonn TaK qacTO Ha Aopory B CTapOMOnHOM BeTXOM uiyuryHe.
(G EceuuH)
YnpancHeHHe 36. ripocnymaňre paccKa3. Cng3,Hre3a HHTOHamieft HnpoH3HO-IIIeHHeM 3ßykob [ui, ä] h mhtkhx corJiacHbix. ripoiHiaBTe tckct. IlepecKa>KKre ero.
BPATHIIIKA
3.3 i
Ha Aa^e, I OKono KaAyuiKH, nonHoň boam, I 6bin KycT 6y3HHbi. 3 13 TaM CHAejiH panbimKOM t ab a MonoAbix BopoöbJi, I c nyuiKOM I h >kS-
I 3 jiTHMH KJiioBaMH. Oahh 60HKO nepenopxiryn Ha Kpan KaAyuiKH I
13 2
h cTan HHTb. flpyroo — qyTb noMeHbuie — I Toxce xoTen imTb: I kjikjb
2.1 . 6bui pa3HHyT ot acapw, I ho oh onacjiHBO kochjich Ha KaAyuiKy I
1
h npoAOA»caji cHAeTb Ha BeTKe.
3 33 CTapuieMy 1 xoienocb cbohm npHMepOM I nonöoApHTb Mnanjiie-
i 3 3
ro: I oh craji npwraTb no Kpaio KaAyuiKH, I 3axBaTbiBaji kaiobombo-
I 3 - 1 1
Ay, I TOTiac ace pOHiui eě", I nornHnbroan Ha 6paTa I h 3Baji ero. Ma-jibiui peuiHjicH, I cneTen k KanyiuKe, I ho, KocHyBiuHCb namcaMH cw-
3 2 J
poro, no3eneHeBuiero Kpaa, I Hcnyrancfl I h HcnyraHHo nopxHyn Ha-
z
3aA. A TOT OIIHTb CTajI ero 3BaTb.
1 . 3 .
H aoGhach: I ÖpaTHimca nepeneTen Ha Kanyimcy, I HeyBepeHHo cen, Bce BpeMH TpenbixaH KpbinbiuncaMH, ! h Hammen, oöa yneTenn.
(IJo B. Bepecaeey).
yflAPEHHE B npmiArATEJlbHblX nocTOHHHoe   ynapeHHe   hmciot  cneAyiouune rpynnbi npnnara-
TenbHWX.
114
npHnaraTejibHwe c OKOHHamieM -oh: pôdnou, eo/iyöou, MopcKoüt öoAbwoü, uyxcoü;
npHjiaraxejibHbie c cyaniccaMH: -oBaT (-eBai) : 3ejieHoeaTbiü, cupeneeamü -ht: 3HaMeHUTbiü, cepduTbiü -obht: JledoeuTbiu (oKeanJ, ndoeúruu
-HqeCK: COUUOAUCTUHeCKUÜ, xpoHÚuecKuu W. pOeaTblÜ, KOCMÜTblÜ
-hh: Kypwbiü, 3eepuhbiü
-acr: cKyjiacTbiü, euxpdcTbiü
-h«h: eduHUWbiü, eoduHHbiü
-aß (-hb) : ZHyc&ebiü, KydpAebiü, dupnebiu
-Herein MOpKCÜCTCKUÜ, ÖOJlbUieeUCTCKUÜ
-aHCK (-hhck) : ucnancKuü, uTcuibÁHCKUŮ
-HHCK: MbnUÜCKUÜ, OJlUMnUÜCKUÜ
sn(-sn): coömuü, öpodAuuü
IIpHjiaraTejibHbie c cycjpcJwKcaMH -wb, -Ten mí, -jihb hmciot ynape-HHe Ha rnacHOM, npe/jiiiecTByioiHeM cy4)4>HKcy: ecnbi/ibnueuu, 3adyM~ nuebiü, ycTOÜHuebiü, ycúdnuenu, CTapárenbUbiu, 3HaMemTejibHbiü, m~ ňáumuebiů.
IIpHjiaraTejibHbie, o6pa30BaHHwe ot cymecTBHTenbHbrx npn noMo-iuH cy4)4>HKca -ck, -ecK- o6biqHO coxpairaioT ynapeHHe cymecTBHienb-Horo (3a HCKjiKweHHeM rex cnyqaeB, Korna npHJiaraTenbHbie HMeioT oKomaHHe -oh: MopcKÓů, oohckoü) . HanpHMep:
anpějib — anpejibCKUü JJenumpäd — neHUmpädcKuü
komutÍt — komutStckuü XdpbKoe — xdpbKoecKuü
B npHnaraTejibHbix c nacKaienbHo-yMeHbiimTenbHbiM 3HaneHHeM, o6pa30BaHHbix npn iiomoihh cy4)4>HKcoB -eHwe, -ohlk, ynapeHHe nana-eT Ha ocHOBy, o6bWHO Ha rnacHbiü, npejaijuecrayroiuHH cy<j)(|)HKcy: kuc-JiehbKuü, cnaöeubKuü, cuneubKuü, HU3€HbKuü, ToneubKuü, rmoxoHbK-, uü, MoneubKUü.
IIpHjiaraTejibHbie c matko ií ochoboh (cuhuü, doMauiHuü, ocShhuü, eeceHHuü, jiSthuü, 3umhuü, danbuuü, öjiuokhuü, eepxnuü, humhuü, 3ad-huü, nepédnuů, siucuü, eomuü, coöäwü, MedeexuÜ) He HMeioT ynape-
HHH Ha, OKOHMüHHH.
B HMčHax npHJiaraTejibHbix cpäBHHTejibHOH cTeneHH c cyxjHjwKcoM ■e ynapeHHe Bcerna nanaeT na ocHOBy: oaUdkb, dájibiue, cTapuie, mute, xyotce, TOHbute. C cy<txj>HKcoM -ee ynapeHHe nanaeT Ha cy<p(})HKc, earn KpaTKaH 4)opMa ächckoto po na HMeeT ynapemie Ha oKoiraaHHH: öe/ia — öenee, ceema — ceemie, ho 30/iOTUcra — 30AomcTee, cypSea — cypoeee, Kpacúea - Kpacúeee.
B npeBOcxonHoíi CTenemi cy4>4>HKc -aťíiii Bcerna noa ynaperfneM: sejiuuáumuů, zjiyůowuwuu. B (J)opMax c cy4><i>HKcoM -eHiu ynapemie
115
coxpaHHeTCH b Tex ace cnorax, qro h b cpaBHHTejibHoň cTenem: cu/ib-něe — cwibniümuü, fcpacúeee - Kpacueeüiuuä.
B pane KpaiKHx npHJiaraTejibHbix HaöjironaeTca cabht ynapeHHH b cjiOBax »ceHCKoro pona, HanpHMep:
YnpajKHeHHe 37. ITpOH3HecHTe npHJiaraTenbHbie.
3BepHHblH, COJIOBbHHblií, KypHHblH; ÖyflflHHCKMH, aHTJIHHCKHH; BTOpHMHbJJK, KJiy6HIPIHbIH, 60JIbHHHHLlH, CTOJIOTHblH, TOHMaÖLUHH, pefl-
HaHiJJHH, KpemaniifflH, BbicoHaňuiHM; BHXpacTbiň, rjia3acTbní; äjtobh-
TblH, pOflOBHTblH, JleaOBHTblH;  HH3KOBaTbIH, rpyôoBaTbiH, IUlOXOBa-
TbiHjöenoBaTbiH,
Ynpa>KHeHMe 38. UpoiHTafiTe cnoBOcoieraHiia, cneHHTe 3a npOH3HOiueHHeM npHJi araT eJibH bix:
AbimaTbiii imeT, paccbirwaTbiň KapToc^ejib, permaTbiä nyK, KjieT-qaibiň KOCTioM, pacnjiMB^aToe H3o6paaceHHe, B3pbnmToe BemecTBo, y3opHaTaíi uiajib.
Vnpa)KHeHHe 39. ^irraHTe, 3anoMHHTe mocto ynapeHHH. ConoctaBbTe cjiobo-cOHeraHHH c n,aHHbiMH npHJiaraTenbHbiMH.
BeMOlHBblH npHyýjJJIHBblM npHB eTJIHBbTH yKJIOHqHBblH
TajiaHTJiHBbiH      ypónjiHBbm npHniípqHBbiH ycjiýacnHBbiň
ynpaMCHeHHe 40. CnymaňTe, noBTopHHTe, ripoqirraHTe, noMmrre of> yjjapHOM
OKOHHaHHH -OH.
ripHMOH, OCHOBHOH, npaBOBOŽ,flOpOrOM, 30JIOTOÍÍ, IUIOXOH, He<f>TÄ-
Hoii, poflHOH, Hyacoií, cenou, MopcKoň, cjienoö, MononpH, niyxoň, cy-
XOň, ÓoJIbHOH,
ynpajKHeHHe 41. nposHTaftre, cnenHTe 3a ynapeHHeM h npOH3HomeHHeM [h*] nepefl oKOHqaHHeM -hh,
^ CpéziHHH, yTpeHHHÜ, BeqepHHH, nÓ3AHHH, paHHHH, fláBHHH, 3aflHHH,
flpeBHHÍi, npéxoiHH, OJíHKaHiiiHM, flajibHeňiiiHH, nepenHHH, chhhh,.
flOMálJJHHH, BeceHHHH, OCeHHHH, 3HMHHH, JieTHHH, BepXHHH, BHyTpeH-HHH,  BHeiUHHH,   KpáHHHH,  TenépeilIHHH,  CerOAHHllIHMH,  3aBTpajJIHHÍI,
BHepäUIHHH,    OriHOCTOpÓHHHH,   MHOrOCTOpOHHHH,   HblHeiUHHH, UßJIb-HMH.
ynpajKHeHHe 42. Iip0H3HecHTe cnoBa.
BajKHeHiiBíH, njTHHHeňiiiHň, MHneňiirHH, KpacHBeziuHÖ, none3Heň-
IIMH.
cht — cbira
spy6 — zpyôä
zayn - esiyna
MÓ/iod — Monodá eécea — eece/ia epéden — epedua
116
ynpaMcHemie 43. TIocraBiTe ynapeHne b npHJiaraTejibHbix cpaBHHTeui>HOň cre-neHH c cy<p<pHKCOM -ee (b cicoGKax nanu HananbHbie (popMbi).
Benee (6ená), BajKHee (Baxoiá), Becenee (Bečená), nnHHHee (njTKHHa), KpyrJiee (icpyraá), MHjiee (MHjiá).
KpacHBee (KpacHBa), npHBeiJiHBee (npHBeTiiHBa), yxcacHee (yacácHa), none3Hee (none3Ha), nomiTHee (noHHTHa).
ynpaxfHeime 44. 06pa3yfrre CTeneHH cpaBHeHHH npHJiaraTenbHbix c cy<J>-(pHKcaMH -e, -eňui, -aflui. QieflHTe 3a yjjapeHHeM.
O 6 p a 3 e ii : 38Óhkuů — 3eóme — 3eoHnaůuiuů.
EJIH3KHH, BblCOKHH, rnyĎOKHH, TyCTOH, KpeiIKHH, JlěrKHH, .mhj> KHH, HH3KHH, CJiajIKHH, THXHH, IUHpOKHH, flpKHH.
Ynpa)KHeHHe 45. 3anoMHHTe HaH6onee ynoTpeSHTejibHbie KpaTKHe npw naraTenbHbie co cflBHroM yAapeHHK Ha oKotmaíoie b cnoBax weHCKoro pooa.
rpy6 — rpy6á — rpy6bi; rycí — rycra — rýcibi
(rycTbi); rópeK — ropbKa — rópbKH; Bečen — Bečená — Becenbi;
6JTH30K ~ 6nH3KÍ — 6jTH3KH
(6jth3kh) ; npý»ceH — n,pyjKHa — npýjKHbi
(ApyacHbi); nópor — floporá ~ npponi; npas — npaBa — npáBbi; Monofl — Monoflá — Monoflbí; KpenoK — KpenKá — KpénKH
(KpenKÓ); péflOK — penicá — peflKH; xónoneH — xonoflHá — xónon,-
hw;
rnyn — rnyna — rnýnbi; ropfl — ropná — rópflbí
(ropná) ;^ myx — rnyxá — rnýxn; BpefleH — Bpefuiá — BpénHM
f (BpenHbi) ^ 6ÓeK — SořÍKa — 6Óííkh; np6p — n,o6pá — flóčpbi
(flo6pw); >khb — míBÍ — »chbw; CbIT — CblTa — CbITbi;
pó6oK — poSicá — po6kh; nycT — nycT/á — nýcTbi
(nycTbi); TéceH — TecHa — TecHw.
ynpawHeHHe 46. HmaKTe npeflnoHceHHH, npaBHnbHO HHTOHHpyftre, cneflHre 3a yaapeHHeM b BbweneHHfaix npunaraTenbHbix.
MopcKOH Beiep Kcwibixan 3eneHOBaTbie BonHw. IIpHBemHBmh cia-pHK BCTpeTHji Hac paHHHM BeceHHHM yTpoM. rna3acTWH H BHXpaCTWH napeHb komhtoo ynbi6ancH. 3onoToií 3aKaT npropan. Mw yBHnenH aaribHHe He(j)THHbie BbiiuKH. Tm *ito He Bečen? Mama Bečena, OHa Mono-na. 3to qyxcoií KapaHnam, moh chhhh. ripnuién caMbiň no3nHHH aeiep-hhh noe3n., Hotft xononHa. Ona cbna? Kopočica nycra. ^eByiinca CTpoHHa h xopoma. OHa no6pa. H cHOBa yBHflen ponHOH ropon,. JXom KpacHB. PeKa KpacHBa. 3to KpacHBeňiiiHH ropon,.
117
HETBĚPTAfl MHTOHAUHOHHAH KOHCTPYKUMfl (HK-4)
HK-4 HaHÖojiee npKO npoHBJíHeTCH b He non ho m Bonpo emeu bHo m npennoxceHHH c conocTüBHTenbHbim cok)3om a.
3ia KOHCTpyKinifl B03HHKaex Önaroaapn coKpameHHio npeanoace-HHH, 3aicnioqaiomero Bonpoc. Bonpoc MoaceT 6biTb nonHWM, HanpH-Mep:
— Tbl Kynwi KHUzu ? -U.a.
— A rerpadu rojíce Kynu/i?
B HenonHOH (ipopMe nocneflHee npennoaceHHe npnoßpeTaeT cjienyio-
ihhh bha: A rerpadu?
ripenyflapHan qacTb HK-4 npoH3HocHTcn Ha cpenHeM TOHe, HHorna c He3HaHHTenbHbiMH noHHaceHHHMH, oco6eHHo nepeA ynapHoň nacTbio. Ecnn ynapHbiň cnor KOHenHbiň, to toh Ha^HHaeTcn c öonee hh3koh tohkh no cpaBHeHHio co cpenHHM h 3aTeM b npenenax cnora pOBHo no-BbunaeTcn.
EcnH b HK-4 ecTb 3aynapHan qacTb, to yAapHan npoH3HOCHTcn c no-HHJfceHHeM, a 3aynapHan — c pobhmm noBbimeroieM to Ha.
OcoÖeHHocTbKj V\KA flBnneTCfl to, íto ynapHbrii h KOHe^Hbiň 6e3y-AapHbrií rnacHbie HecKonbKO y aauhhiotch.
ynpaaíHemie 47. CnyuiaftTe, noBTOpaňTe,
A oh? A oHa? A HHHa? A Mapnn? A HaTama? A 3K3aMeHbi?
A HHCTHTyT? A 3KCKypCHÄ?
YnpaiKHeHHe 48. QiyuiaATe, noBTopíriíTe.
— H jKHBy b MocKBe. —MHe o^eHb HpaBHTcn napK
4 1
ABM? „ COKOnbHHKH".
14 4
— 3to moh py^Ka. A me Bama? — A ,,H3MaiuioBo"?
i i
— Mnxawi cero ahh 3amiT. — IlonaeM b cronoByio.
— A 3aBTpa? — A 3KCKypcHH?
3 n 1
— BbinioôHTeManKOBCKoro?    — B cy66oTy n He Mory noexaTb.
— jfa. — A b noHenenbHHK?
— A EceHHHa?
YnpaiKHeHHe 49. npaBHJiLHO HHTOHHpyňTe HenojiHtie BonpocHTejibHbie npen-noMceHHÄ c coi03om a. CnenHTe 3a hhtohhpoBaHHeM HK-1 h Hk-3.
— Ä 6büi 3a ropoAOM. — H ye3acaio Ha 3KCKypcHio. A BM? — A TeaTp?
118
— H 6bin b KHHo. — H ycneio BepHyrbCH k meciH qacaM.
— BwnioÖHTe HěpHbiň Ko<f)e? — Tw nonneinb k cecipe?
— He OMeHb. A bw? - HeT, ceronjui a 33hht.
— jih)6jik). — A 3aBipa?
— Bnepa h 6mji Ha BwcTaBKe. — Y Bac ecib anejibCHHbi?
— Te6e HpaBHTCH nHKacco? — Jla, noHcajiyHcra.
— JX?l} oqeHb. A Te6e? — 3th KpynHbie. A noMeHbiiie?
YnpasKHeHHe 50. Ilpo^HTaňTe nHanor b jumax. Cjie«nTe 3a npaBHJitHo ctbio
HHTOHauHH.
— 3ApáBCTByo, Cáma!
— 3flpáBCTByH, AneKceö!
— KaK nená?
— Otjihhho. TbioTKyna?
— 3aHHMájlCH B ^HláJlbHOM 3äjie. A Tbl?
— ň 6mJ1 Ha BWCTaBKe COBpeiVieřHHOH 5KHBOHHCH.
— H t3m 6bUI BHepá. A BbíCTaBKy HMnpeCCHOHlíCTbB Tbl BHflen?
— HeT, He ynajiócb.
— A PépHxa?
— KaK ace! H npoBěn TaM qeTbípe nacá. MHe oMeHb noHpáBHjiHCb eró KapTHHbi. A Te6é?
■        ynHBÄTejTbHbie KpácKH! h3bhhh, h TOpOIUIíÓCb.
— JXO CBHfláHHH.
— JXo BCTpáqH.
YnpajKHeHHe 51. ripoMHTaítTe miajior. CnejmTe 3a HHTOHaujieit h npoH3HO-
UieHHeM MÄTKHX OOITiaCHtlX 3ByKOB [jk, iu] .
ha yjihue
— CKaacHTe, noacányňcTa, KaK npoéxaTb Ha BJtHX?
— Bw xoTHTe éxaTb Ha Meipó?
— A Bbi KaK nocoBáTyeTe?
— MHe KáaceTca, Jiýmne cecTb Ha fleBHTbiií TpojuieôGyc.
— CnacHÔb. Bbi He cKáaceTe, rjxe ociaHÓBKa?
— 3aecb HenaneKÓ, okojio Mara3HHa „JIčtckhh MHp". HflHxe npHMO, no tom HaneBO, Ha nýnieHHyio yjiHiry.
— Bonbuióe cnacáôb.
— noxcányňcTa.
B ABTOEYCE
— npOCTHTe, CKOpO MeTpÓ „MaflKOBCKafl"?
— ^épes npe ocraHOBKH.
— BýjjbTe jiK)6e3Hbi nepenaňTe, noacájiyHcra, 5 KonéeK.
— rpajKflaroÍH, B03bMHTe, noKányHcra, ÖHJieT.
— Bw BbixóflHTe Ha cJierryíoiiieH?
119
— HeT, npoxojJHTe, noxcányHCTa.
— A Bbl CeiÍMác BblXOflHTe?
— Kto pa3MeHHeT 20 KonéeK?
— 06paTMiecb k BonjiTenro.
— BoAHTejib, naÄTe, noMcanyMcra, aobHeMeHTHyio KHHaceMKy. EnaronapK) Bac.
— Ilo>KányHCTa!
y P O K N° 11
3BYK [m'] (BYKBAm).
YflAPEHME b rjiAroriAx.
ynOTPEBJIEHME MK-3 m MK-4
B nOBECTBOBATEJIbHOM ľlPEflJlCHKEHMH.
3BYK [□'] (BY KB A m)
3bVK [ill'] HBJIHeTCH npJirHM, MÄTKHM, IHHIIHIirHM 3ByKOM. ApTHKyJlHIIIlOHHO oh 6ľIH30K 3ByKy [ Ul] , ho npH ero npOH3H6C6HHH
cpennaa HacTb crmHKH B3biKa npnnonHHTa k BepxHeMy ne6y, hto h on-penenaeT MancocTb 3Byxa [uľ] no cpaBHeHHio c [m], IlpnapTHKyna-uhh [ui'] 3anHHfl lacTb ctihhich a3biKa cnerKa noABHraeica Bnepen, h onycKaeTCH (npH npoH3HeceHHH [m] 3anHaa lacTb cnHHKH «3WKa npHnonHHMaeTCH h oTTarHBaeTca Ha3an.).
npH apTHKynHUHH [uľ] ry6br npnHHm3iot objíbinee y^acTHe, ne m npH [m]: ohh Hanpa>KeHbi, pacTHHyrbi, kohwhkh ry6 cnerKa onymeHbi bhh3.
B pyccKOM H3biKe 3Byx [Ur*] n pH3Ho cht ch Ha Mecre HeKOTopwx coqeTaHHH. HanpHMep, Ha crbiKe KopHa h cytpcpHKca -hhk, coieTaHHe
cth 31 npOH3HOCHTCB KaK [ÜT): pü3HOCHUK [ÍU'hk], flOÖflUCHUK [iÜ'hk],
nepeeo3HUK [üi'hk]. TaK ace npoH3HocHTca coqeTaioie c<i b Haqajie cnoBa, b Tex cnyHaax, Korna npHcraBKa He BbinenaeTca HoCTaTOHHo acHo: cnacTbe [m'ácVHb], ucne3 [fflü'ec].
B Öernoii peiH cnoßa cemac, mcma, MyMuuna npn3H0CHTca KaK [ňľ] ac, Tbl [uľ] a, My [in'] hhb.
YnpaxcHeHHe 1. Cnyiuaflre, noBTopaňTe.
Hl-ui-in, m-m-m, um, um, iuht, hubs, nimm, my-my, nniom, wmy, me, menb, iua» nnaiua, imam, Mouib, Beim», öopm, nem, TOBapmu, noMomt«
ynpa»íHeHHe 2. CnyiiiaHTe, noBtopnüTe.
npHTaiuHTb, 3amHTH, KjieiuH, BemH, He ithiuh, y qaiuH, hiiih, o 6-iuhh, menb, meApbiii, b roiaiue, CBaiueHHbiH, muuaTb, BMemaTb, ynpo-
120
niaxb, 3amHinaxb, qama, coooina, cMyrnaxb, nponiaxb, öemomanHbiö; inexKa, cMyměHHbffl, ineicH, xpymoöa, xpemoxica, rinainoM, o6mó; myKa, nnnry, He npoury, HMyiium, xr^nemyiiiÄ 3ainHnry» qamy, Hnyiumí.
YnpajKHeHHe 3. ITpoH3HecHTe aiOBa c coqeTaHHÄMH [ňť] c cornacHbiMH.
YronbiuHK, Booöine, cobpmmc, TinaTenbHo, HocHjibuiHK, TaoyH-minc, roflOBuiiffla, coo6uieHHe, 3hmobiu;hk, Booöine, nmy, nonbmeH-
HblH.
Ynpa>KHeHMe 4. npocnparairre rnaronu ucxan, npomarb, n u 1140 Tb, b na-cToameM BpeMeHH.
YnpajKHeHHe 5. npocjiymaHxe, npommftre cnoBa (npHqacTHa).
rOBOpHmHH,    immyiHHH,    CHflamHH,   CMOTpHUIHH, H3yMaK)uthh,
bJiHHioutHH, fleocTByiouririí, npeflCTaBnHioHíHM, onpenenaroiirHH, ot-
HOCHIIJJiMCil, hb Jl hk)hi HH CH, 3aHHMaK)u{HHCS, COflep>KaLUHHCH, Ha3bl-BaiOmHHCH.
YnpajKHeHHe 6. Or naHHbix rnaronoB o6pa3yÄTe npHiacraa HacToainero BpeMeHH, cnenHTe 3a npOH3HouieHHeM [in'].
O 6 p a 3 e u.: cjiyiuaTb — aiymawiuuü.
CooöuiaTb, 3auíHmaTbs coKpamaTb, nocemaTb, ooböinaxb, npeßpa-uiaxb, roBopHTb, npencTaBnaxb, oxHocHXbcn, Ha3biBaxbcn, 3aHHMaxbc>i.
YnpajKHeHHe   7.   CnymaňTe,   noBTOpaflTe,   conocraBtTe apTHKynauHio
3ByKOB [ill, Úť].
npouiy — npomy ijiok — měK cMeuieHHe — cMemeHHe
uienK — men k qamy — qamy 3amHTa    — 3auiHxa
nnmy — nuiny npomy — npomy yKpamaTb — yKpomaTb
YnpaatHeHHe 8. CnymaňTe h noBTopaiíTe cnoBa c cyip(pHKcoM -u|hk. OĎpara-xe BHHMaHHe Ha Mar ko erb comacHbix ne pen [m'].
KaMemiíHK, TaoenbujHK, octohuihk, Hoambrnmc, côopiiiHK, xa-ÔyHurHK, qboHapmHK, 3aqHHmHK, KpoBenwnHK, oapaßamnHK- Kyproib-unne.
YnpajKHeHHe 9. npoH3HecHxe aioBa; noMHHTe, tto ccmeTaHHa chh 3h npoH3-
HOOTTCa ksk [m'].
Cqacxbe,  cqex, nonrmcqHK, H3B03qHK, npHKa3qHK, 3aKa3qHK.
YnpajKHeHHe 10. ITpoTOTafire, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM BbineneHHUx cornacHbix,
BeiBHMH THHeuibca 3a mhow, Ha nneHH pyicH Mne Knanenib. H menecTHmeio jthcxbow, Be3 cnoB, 6e3 My3MKH nočná.
(JL OecHHHUKoeä)
121
ynpaxcHeHHe 11. npomnanTe npenjio»ceHHH h? pOMaHa H. TypreHeBa „Ha-KaHyHe", npaBHJimo npoH3HocHTe BLifleneHHtie cnoBa. GienHTe 3a penyKUHea raacHbix.
Ha cjrényioiiíHH nem> EnéHa cToájia b caný . . . Ecľb Memory híÍmh niónn ManooÔpasoBaHHbie, ho Bee KpenKO nperjaHbi óOmeMy neny. Bbi, bot, BHHcy, fli>Ke meHKaM He oiKĺbbrBaeTe b noMomn. HHcápoB raanen Ha Heě npricTanbHo, cnencá npHmýpHB nia3á. Jléno haöt o Ha-
pÓflHOM ÓÔIUSM OTMUléHHH. IlOCnénHHH HHUTHH B BOHľápHH H H — Mbl
HcejiáeM onHoró h Toró ace. EnéHa cnýmana eró c noxcHpaioiuHM BHHMa-HHeM. c Toro ftHH oh CTaji xoflHTb Bce' Mame h Mame.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 12. ripooiymaflTe h npowraftTe npenjiOÄeHHH. Btmenerabie aioBa oo 3ByKOM [nť] 3aTpaHCKpHOHpylíTe.
06a ohh 6buiH ciacTnHBw HacToauniM h Mano nyMajm o ÖynyrueM (IJyiuKUH). noKa hmľuhk npHBonnn b nopflflOK nomafleň, nomanbOH nponojiHcan nna^yiiiHM, BH3^caurHM ot 3Jio6bi rojiocoM ocbinaib ero pyraTenbCTBaMH (Vexoe). Mpa^Han GnenHocTb, csepKaioinHe rna3a h ry er o ň nbiM, BbixonaiiiHH H30 pTa, npHnaBanH e My bha Hacroamero HbHBona (IJyiuKitH). TocKyroiUHM B3raaA0M »cypaBnb ocMaipHBaji He3HaK0Mbie Mecra (EyôeHHoe). .Upporae TOBapHiun! Mbi CTajiH 3aBei-hoô MeMToň Bcex TpynaumxcH MHpa. Hac cnaana 6opb6a 3a cqacTbe napo aa (H. OcTpoecKuu). Ha flpyroii Aem> 3apeBen nrropM, coo6meHHa c ÖeperoM He 6buio (ľoHwpoe). LUHniibi na Kneiuu — bot Ha luh BemH (cKopoaoeopKa). 4U)i na Kania — mnna nania (noaioeuna).
ynpawcHeHHe 13. ripowraHTe tckct, npaBHJibHo npoH3HocHTe nnnumiHe 3ByKH [jk, m, Ei1], BbinejiHTe cnoBa, conepHiamjie 3th 3ByxH, npoH3Hecnre hx eme pa3.
B P01UE
Mm bxÓhhm b pomy. BÓ3nyx cbok, THLUHHá KpyrÓM. CKB03b yxo-námne BBbicb BepxýuiKH aepeBbeB améeT Hé^ôb. CnoKoňHO amuiht rpynb, MbicjiH cnemaT onná 3a npyróo, non, HoraMH urypuiáT onaßiuHe nricTbH. LUeKH omyiiiáioT jkhbhTenbHyio npoxnany oceHHero B03nyxa. A bot h py^éň nnémeTca b ob páre. npHCJiýiiiHBaeMca k ero HacMeu> nHBOMy luénoTy h ctohm HenoabiÓkho, HacnajKflaacb roBOpoM 6erý-meň Bonbi.
ynpajKHeHHe 14. npocjiyiuaťrre h npowHTaíťre tckct, cnejune 3a npoH3Hoiue-HHeM 3ByK0B [m', m, ač j. OnpenemiTe t hubí HK.
B nOXOflE
3thm neTOM mm c Dlypoň peunuiH HeMHoro nonyTeiiiecTBOBaTb no pOflHOMy Kpaio. )KHBeM mw b Chôhph, a b Taňre hh pa3y He 6buiH. Ha cnenyroiiTHH nein» nocne 3K33MeHOB coôpajiH BemeBbie MeinKH h o xnpaBHJiH et b nyxb.
122
Mečia 6bDiH ropHCTbie h neinepHbie. YcTaBuiHe, ho noBonbHbie, Mbi pacnojiOÄHJiHCb y Kocrpa Ha BepuiHHe ropw „Kopuiyn". HpKO nbinaKnuHH KOděp ocBeinan leMHOTy, koto pan Bee 6ojibuje cryma-jiacb Han. HaMH. B THimiHe Tpemann ropaume enoBwe iuhuikh, npHaTHO
naXJIO CMOJIHCTbIM HblMKOM, a Hafl HaMH paCCTHJiaJlOCb UTHpOKOe 3Be3Hr
Hoe Heôo c chhioluhm KOBiHOM BojibiuoH Me/JBejJKiibi. Xopomo omy-
THTb ÔJIH30CTb TOBapHHia B TaKyK) THXyW TaěJKHyK) HO Hb. •
ynpaacHene^lS. ripomiTafíTe oTptmKH H3 CTHXOTBOpeHHH, npaBmiiHo npoH3-HOCHTe 3ByKH [in\ ni, hc]. npoH3HecHTe BbiňejieHHbie enema.
MHe rpycTHo, noTOMy qro a Te6a jik>6jik), H 3Haw: MonoflocTb upeTymyio tbok» He nomanHT mojibm KOBapHoe roHeHbe.
(AĹ JlepMOHToe)
Emě TOMJllOCb TOCKOH acejiaHHH, Eme cTpeMjiiocb k Teöe nyiiioH — H b cyMpaKe BOcnoMHHaHHH Emě ji ob n k) a o6pa3 tboíí ...
(0, TwTHee)
OTroBopHJia poma 3onoTaa Eepe*30BbiM BecenbiM h3mkom, H JKypaBJiH, neqajibHo npojieTaa, y-m He acajieioT 6onbwe hh o kom.
(C. EcenuH)
JlbHH Tbl xoth 6 k npexonameMy, TpeneTHOH Heroö MaHameMy, — JlHmb onHOMy HacToameMy, Hm jiminl ojjhhm nppoxcH.
(A. (Per)
YAAPEHME B rJWOflAX
CnenyeT 3anoMHHTb oierryioiiiHe rnarojibHbie <J)opMbi, HMeiomHe nocTOHHHoe ynapeHHe.
1. B rnarojiax coBepmeHHoro BHna c npHCTaBKoň bm- ynaperoie Bcerna nanaei Ha npncTaBKy: ebi/ierea, eúpoc. npH H3MeHeHHH BHna rcrarona Mecxo ynapeima MeHaeTca. CpaBHHTe: euneren — ebi/ieráji, eúpoc — ebipacräji,
2. Diarojibi HecoBepmeHHoro BHna c cy4>4)HKC0M -bißa, -hbb HMeioT ynapeHHe Ha macHOM, npeninecTByioiHeM cy4)(pHKCy: npo-cMaTpueaTb, 3anúcbieaTb,
3. B maronax Ha -obMean, (-eBbroaTb) ynaperoie Bceraa nanaeT Ha -ob: opraHH30BbiBaTb, 3aBoěBbiBaTb.
123
4. B OTMMeHHbix niarojiax Ha -roman, coxpaHHeTca ynapeHHe npoH3BOflHmero hmshh. HanpHMep: népenbiu — nepenunaTb, pa36óu-
HUK — pa36ÓUHUWTb.
5. OcHOBHaa Macca maronoB Ha -HpOBan» HMeeT ynaperoie Ha mac-HOM h: TpOHcnopTÚpoeaTb, njianúpoeaTb. YnapeHHe Ha -Ba ôbrnaei b oqeHb orpaHHMeHHoii rpytme maronoB. 3anoMHHTe Hanôbnee ynoTpe-6HTeribHbie: zpynnupoeaTb, Mapuiupoedn, Tpenupoe&Tb, (ßopMupoearb. B 4>opMax HacTonmero BpeMeHH cyqSó^HKc -OBa HCHe3aei: TpancnopTÚ-pywT.
6. ľnarojiH Ha -H3HpoBaTb Bcerna HMeioT ynapeHHe Ha b to po m h: deMOKpaTU3upoeaTb, Mexanu3ÚpoeaTb.
7. TnarojiM Ha -CTBOBaTb b nonaBJíHromeM 6onbnrHHCTBe hmciot ynapeHHe Ha rnacHOM, npe/juiecrByioineM cy4>4>HKcy: cnocoöcreosarb, npueercTeoaaTb, 3JiÓ6creoeaTb.
8. rjiarojibi c cyxjxpHKcOM -Hy b 3Ha<ieHHH nocTeneHHo ycwm-BaromerooT KanecTBa hhh neHCTBHH hmciot ynapeHHe Ha ocHOBe: a/ióxHyrb,   cjiénayTb,   cóxnyrb,   docrueuyTb,  yMÓ/iKnyn, MepK-
HyTb.
OôbiHHO 3TH rnaronbi He hmciot cycJxJmKca -ji b 4>opMax nponien-niero BpeMeHH MyaccKoro pona, a cytptpmcc -Hy Bbinanaeir: oa/iox, oc-jjén, 3acóx, docrue, yMOAK, noMepjc.
MHorae rnaronbi c cyxpqiHKcoM -Hy b 3Ha*ieHHH 6bicTporo hjth oji-HOKpaTHoro neHCTBHB HMeioT ynapeHHe Ha cycjacpHKce: ánecHyrb, Mope-nyTb ecnopxHyn, MaxnyTb, TO/iKHyn, pucxHyn (ho: ripúznyrb). OopMbi npomejjmero BpeMeHH MyaccKoro pona o6pa3yioTCH no o6ine-My npaBHny: ô/iecnyA, To/iKnýn.
9. Tnaronw c cycpqbHKcoM -sa nočné KopHeft na, 3Ha, era b HacTon-ineM BpeMeHH HMeioT ynapeHHe Ha oKomaHHH bo Bcex <jx>pMax cnp>r-)KeHHH. Cy4>(J)HKc -sa HCie3aeT: ecraw — ecmeuib — ecratOT, y3naé, y3Haeiub — y3uaioT, dato - daeiub — dawT.
10. Tnaronw c hhcJ)HHhthbhmm cyqbqbHKCOM -th Bcerna HMeioT
ynapeHHe Ha kohcmhom niacHOM: udri Hecm1.
11. YnapeHHe b maronax, oKaHqHBaroinHxcH b HHcjiHHHTHBe Ha -(e)* oöbiqHo ÖbmaioT na nocneuHeM niacHOM: ôepénb — öepezy -öepeeyT, öepee - öepez/ia- öepeznu.
B (popMax HacTOflinero h öynymero npocToro BpeMeHH jmy-oio)KHBie rnaronw Ha -aTb (-jrrb), -eTb, -HyTb, -oBan. (-eßaTb) oow^ho HMewT 4)HKCHpoBaHHoe ynapeHHe. HanpHMep: vurdn ~ mimw — huto-
H>T, KpaCHBTb — KpaChéw — KpaChéfOT, TOAKHyTb — TOAKHy — TOJlKHyT,
opzaHißoeaTb - opeaHiayw - opeamaýwT. OnHaxo ecib HeMano rna-ronoB c noH3H>KHbiM yflapemieM. 06mhho MecTO ynapemiH coxpaHHeicn b 4»pMax 1-ro jiHua HacTOHinero h Öynymero npoeroro BpeMeHH, bo
1 üpHCTaBKa Bbh „nepeTHTHBaeT" ypapeHHe: BWHecru, Bbiuru.
124
Bcex flpynix jnaiax npOHCxonHT cnBHr ynapeinra Ha npeninecTByioiuiin cnor. HanpHMep: dejián — deňib, ho: déjiuwb , dénsiT\ ucKan - utyý, ho: ütyeuib, úwyT\ CMOTpeTb — CMorpw, ho: CMÓrpuiub, CMOTpxT. 3anoMHHTe Hanobnee ynoTpeOHiejibHwe marojiw co cflBHraMH ynape-
hhh:			
ÖOpOTbCH	KyiTHTb	nepeHocHTb	pa3JjeJiHTb
ÖpOflHTb	KypHTb	nHcarb	cnyÄHTb
BapHTb	JieHHTbCH	m ara Tb	CMOTpeTb
BOflHTb	JieHHTb	nonapHTb	CTaHOBHTbCH
BHOCHTb	JIOBHTb	nOflBOflHTB	CnpOCHTb
B03HTb	niOÖHTb	noflejiHTb	CXOflHTb
BXOflHTb	MOHHTb	nocnyxcHTb	Tepneib
BblXOHHTb	HaXOJJHTb	nonoacHTb	THHyib
rHaib	HO CHTb	nonyqHTb	ycTynHTb
naBHTb	oÔMaHyTb	nopyTOTb	yXOJJHTb
aepMcarb	o6cyflHTb	nocTynHTb	yTOTb
flOnyCTHTb	OÖbHBHTb	npenno>KHTb	XOflHTb
flOXOJJHTb	onycTHTb	npHBOJJHTb	xoxeTb
H3yHHTb	OTXOJJHTb	npHMeHHTb	UeHHTb
HCKaTb		npHHHTb	qepTHTb
HCXOflHTb		npOH3BOJJHTb	HiyTHTb
KOpMHTb		npOH3HOCHTb	
		nponycTHTb	
B pHfle rnarojioB npoinenuiero BpeMeHH HaÖnionaeTCH cobht yna-peHHH c ocHOBbi Ha oKOH^aHHC b cpopMax 5KCHCKoro pona. HanpHMep: 6pan - öpaaa. 3anoMHHTe Hanôonee ynoTpeÖHTejibHbie cny-uan:
6biji — 6büia — 6bura 6pan — 6pan á — ÖpäjiH
B3HJI — B3Hná — B3HJ1H
b pan — Bpaná — BpájiH a an — flan á — najni THan — rHaná — rnájiH
>khh — JKHTlá — jkhjih
3aHHn — 3aHJUiá — 3aHHJiH
3 BajI — 3B3Jlá — 3BäjIH
Haaan — umsuii. — HaHíum
Hanaji — Havana — HananH OTflan — OTflaná — OTnajiH
OTHJUl — OTHHná — ÓtHHHH
nun — nmiá — nwm
WlhUl — ÍĽlhUlí — IUIbüIH
níflHJDi — noflHflJiá — nonHflJiH n^HHíi — noHflná — nÓHHnn npHHjui — npHHíuiá — npHHJUiH
CHJÜI — CHJDlá - CHÄJIH
cnan — cnaná — cnáriH
ítoôm He oiuHOHTbCH b nocTaHOBKe ynaperaiH npH ynoTpeoJieHHH paajiHHHbix 4>opM rnarona, mojkho pyKOBOflCTBOBaTbCH TäKHM npa-BHnoM: ecnH ynapeHHe b rnarone nanaeT He Ha nocJienHHH cnor, to oho ocTae'TCfl HeH3MeHHWM. HanpHMep: dýMan — dýnam - dyMawT — dý-moíi — dyMona; npoeipuTb — npoeépw — npoeépsn — npoeipun - npo-eépwia.
125
ynpaxcHemie 16. ITpOH3HecHTe BHnoBbie napu niaronoB.
BblHTH — BblXOflHTb BbUie3TH — BMJie3aTb
Bbiflaib — BbinaBaxb
Bbuieieib — BbuieiaTb
BblHeCTH — BblHOCHTb
BblpaCTH — BbipaciaTb Bbi6e?KaTb — BbioeraTb
BbIpa3MTb — BbIpa>KaTb BbIB63TH — BbIB03HTb BblpBaTb — BblpblBaTb
BblXOOHTb — BblXaJKHBaTb      BblCKOMHTb — BblCKaKHBaTb
BbiexaTb — Bbie3»caTb
YnpaxcHeHHe 17. ITocTaBbTe rnarojiu h3 ckoôok b HyacHoň <popMe. OieflHTe 3a yjjapeHHeM.
CnopTCMeHw qacTO (ebioexan, ebiöeean) h3 3ana. Y AOMa (e«-pacTu, ebipacTaTb) CTpOHHbiň Tonojib. MaTb (ebixoduTb, ebixamieaTb) peÔé'HKa OT onacHoň 6ojie3HH. Mapna (ebixodun) Ha KpbUibup h KopMHtna ryceň. EHÖjiHOTeKapb ceroAHH He (ebidan, ebidaearb) KHHrn. HoMbio y>K (ebisie3TU, 6biae3a.Tb) H3 CBoeň Hopbi. CaMoněT (ebuiereTb, ebuieTan) poBHO b 9. Mbi (ebtee3Tu, ebieo3UTb) nereň H3 ropofla. HßaH hcho (ebipa3UTb, ebipax&Tb) cboh MbicJiH.
YnpajKHeHHe 18. nocraBbTe nnarojibi, ctoäudíc b cKoöicax, b HacToameM BpeMeHH. CneffHxe 3a ynapeHiieM.
HHKOjiaö cHJibHO (nepeHUWTb). Tbl nnoxo {nnanupoeaTb) CBoe BpeMH. KaK (rpaHcnoprupoeaTb) HecpTb? Rem (xonupoeaTb) B3poc-nbix. 3aBO/j; (eapaHTUpoeaTb) npoiHocTb MaiuHH. OaopHKa nojiHocTbio (MexaHU3upoeaTb) npoH3BOflCTBO. Mbi (npueeTcreoeaTb) AOpornx rocTeň. OprammuHa rpyaa (cnocoÖCTeoeaTb) bmcokoh npoH3Bon>í-
TeJIbHOCTH.
YnpaxíHeHHe 19. ilpocnpÄrattTe oieayiomHe marojibi, noMHHTe o cflBHre ynapeHHÄ.
XOTeTb, AlOÔHTb,  OOpOTbCH,  BOflHTb, flepacaTb, HCKaib, npOCHTb,
cMOTpeTb, uiyrHTb, BbixojjHTb, HocHTb, nony^HTb, yXOflHTb.
YnpaMCHeHHe 20. ľlo o6pa3uy nocTaBwe rnaronw b nepBOM Jiiuie. O 6 p a 3 e u : Huxo/iaü yxoduT. R roxce yxoxy.
Chen He KypHT. EpaT jiioöht TeaTp. Mapna xopouio bohht MauiHHy. Ona aepxcHT po3y b pyKe. IIpeflceflaTeJib npocHT cnoBa. Oh myiHT. MaTb flaBHO Höcht OHKH. 3aBTpa HßaH nony^HT ahiuiom.
YnpaxcHeioie 21. ripaBHUbHo aKueHTHpynre BbwejieHHbie niarojibi, cneflHTe 3a cnpHroM yaapeHHH.
IIonon3 a no rycTOň TpaBe BAOJib OBpara — cMOTpio: nec kohwt-ca . . . (JJepMouToe). Khhthhh cMOipHT Ha Hero (IJyiuKUH). OTeiixo-poiuo BonHT MauwHy, a a so)Ky cobcčm HeyßepeHHO. *Ito h nepxcy b pyKe? Bbi íiep>KHTe KHHry, H Hiuy cboooam h noKoa (JlepMOHToe).
126
Kto HUieT, tot Bcerna HaňnéT (JleÔedee-KyMau). ň jiio5jik) Teoa, >KH3Hb (BaHuieHKUH). Bbi jnoÔHTe onepy? Bbi nojDKHw, a Bac npoury, M6HJI ocTaBHTb (TlymKun). Ohm npocHT? xo4y. tto6 k uiTbiKy npH-paBHHJiH uepo(MajiKoecKuii). Tw xoqeuib noexaTb Ha lor? CnpocHTe Bbi y MaTepeň, cnpocHTe y »ceHbi MOeň, h bw Torna noHHTb npjijKHbi, xotät jih pyccKHe BOHHbi (EeryuieuKo). ň myqy. Tw uryTHiin>?
YnpasKHeHHe 22. 06pa3yftre (popMbi Hacxofliiiero h npomenuiero Bpe Meraj raaronoB.
CnpocHTb, pe3aTb, OTBe^aTb, KOMaHnpBaTb, npjiTaTb, nyMaTb, Be-pHTb, qyBCTBOBaTb, nojib30BaTbCH, SpocaTb.
YnpaiKHeHHe 23. npowraßre, o6pa3yftTe npomeauiee BpeMÄ ot naHHMx rjiarojioB (ana MyatcKoro pona).
JIocrHrHyTb, orjioxHyTb, yMOjiKHyrb, ocnenHyTb, HaMOKHyrb, OKpenHyTb, 3acoxHyTb, noMepKHyrb.
ynpajKHeHHe 24. 06pa3yttTe 6ynymee BpeMJi ot rnaronoB, ernenn xe 3a 4epeflOBaHHÄMH.
cnpjrraTb npocnaBHTbCÄ
OTMeTHTb OTpe3aTb OTBeTHTb ÖpOCHTb
Ynpa»aieHHe 25. IJpomiTaÄTe, o6pa3yňTe npoiuenmee BpeMfl ot naHHtix ma-ix) no b fljiH MyÄCKoro h »<eHCKoro po na.
O 6 p a 3 e u: G3zjiHHyTb - eizsismyjm — mzmuýn
ripOCHyTbCfl, MaXHyTb, B3flOXHyTb, 3atfôpKHyTb, öjiecHyrb, pHCK-
HyTb.
ynpajKHemie 26. 06pa3yftTe HacTomuee BpeMs ot rnaronoB c cy(p(pHKCOM -Ba nocnc KopHeft: oa-, 3Ha-, era-.
Co3naBaxb, 3anaBaTb, npenonasaTb, npenaBaTb, BCTaBara, ycTaBaTb, ocTaBaTbCH, y3HaBaTb, npH3HaBaib.
ynpa)KHeHHe 27. ITpocnyiiiaHTe h noBTopnie pyccKHe iiocjiobhiim. CneflHTe 3a ynapeHHeM B rnaronax. Cflenaßxe HHTOHauHOHHyro pa3MeTKy npennoHceHHtt.
Tope mo roflbí: 6bpo3flKH npoKjiaflWBaeT. Ha BCHKyro 6one3Hb 3ejibe BbipacTei.
flOM B e CT H — He ÔbpOflOO TpflCTH.
JlyMaň, na hto6 He nepenyMbroaxb. Bopona Bbipocjia, a yivia He BbíHecna. H3 necHH CJIOBO He BbiKHHeuib. ^ejioBeK — He rpnobíc: b neHb He BwpacreT. Be3 Tpyna He BbiTHHeun» h pwôKy H3 npyna. He CHHTan yiHT, noKa He BbmynHJiHCb. )KH3Hb npoacHTb — He none nepeÖTH.
127
YnpaxcHeHHe 28. ripoHHTaHTe, npocnenHTe 3a ynapemieM. CocraBbTe npea-jio>k6hhh co cnenyioiuHMH rnaronaMH:
32iKcLH*iHB£LTb,   npOCMaTpHBaTb,   3aiIHCLIBaTb,   ycrpaHBaTb, paccKa3bi-
BaTb, nepeHHTbroaTb, paccMaipHBarb, BbHiHCbTBaxb, ycTpaHBaibCfl, ne-pecMaTpHBaTb.
ynpajKHeHHe 29. ľlpoqHTaHTe rpyrniw rnaronos, 3anoMHHTe chbhth ynape-HHH, cnenHxe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM 3ByKOB [111, tk, hi']:
ôbpÓTbCfl— ôbpiocb— 6ópenibCH— oopeMcn
BapHTb — BapK) — ßapHIHb — BápHM
flepjKáib — nepacý — flépacHiub — nepacHM
HblUláTb — flbllirý — AblLLMlITb — flblOJHM
HCKáib — Hmý — Hweiiib — HineM jiioÔHTb — jhoôjik) — nióOHiiih — jik>6hm
HOCHTb — HOIIiy - HÓCHHTb — HO CH m
rmcáTb — iTHiiry, míineurb — imuieM nnaTHTb — unsmý — ruiaTHiub — rmárHM nony^HTb — nonyqý — nony^Hiiib — nojiýraM
CMOTpeib — CMOTpiO — CMOTpHIHb — CMOTpHM
Tepneib — lepiuiio — Tepnuiub — Tepnu m xoTexb — xoMy — xo*ieiin> — xothm (ucKJiwHeme) iiryTHTb — uryqý — myTHiiib — ut/thm
YnpaTKHeHHe 30* ilpooiyiiianTe h npOMHTaHTe paccxa3. CnenHTe 3a ynapeHHeM b maronax. üepecKaacHTe tckct.
BOPOBEň
H B03Bpamancn c oxoxbi h měn no annee cana. Co6aKa ôeacana BnepenH mchh.
Bapyr OHa yMeHbintina cboh uiara h Haqana KpacrbCH, KaK 6bi 3anynB nepefl coôbfi nH^b.
H rnaHyn Bnpnb annen h yBHnen Mononpro Bopo6bn c acenureHoň oKOJio KnroBa h nyxoM Ha ronoBe. Oh ynan h3 rHe3fla (Bexep CHJibHo Kaqan 6epě3bi annen) h cnnen HenonMDKHo, öecnoMomno pacTonbipHB enBa npopacraBume KpbmbnnxH.
MoH co6aKa MenneHHo npHÔjiHxcanacb k HeMy, KaK BApyr, cop-BäBiiiHCb c ÔJiHacHero nepeBa, cTapbm uepHorpynbm Bopoôeň KaivmeM ynan nepen, cümom eé Mopapž h Becb b3t>epomeHHbm} HCKa>KßHHbm, c OTuanmíeM h McanKHM nHCKOM npbinryn pa3a npa b Han pasu eroiH 3y-6acTOH pacKpbiToň nacm
Oh pHHyncH cnacaTb, oh 3aoioHHJi coobií CBoe nerame... ho Bcé' ero ManeHbKoe Teno TpeneTano ot yacaca, ronocoK onnnan h oxpnn, oh 3aMHpan, oh acepraoBan coôbio!
KaKHM rporvianHbiM qynoBHmeM nonaoia ôbina e My Ka3an>ca co6a-Ka! M Bce-TäKH oh He mo r ycHflcrb Ha csoeö bwcokoh, 6e3onacHoň BeTKe... Cnna, auibHee ero bojth, c6pocwna ero oTTyna.
128
Moh Tpe3op ocTaHOBHJicfl, nonjrnmcH... Bhjjho, h oh npraHan 3ry
51 nocneujHJi o to 3B3Tb CMymeHHoro nca —h ynajiHJicH, GjiaroroseH. He CMeňTecb.    SnaroroBen nepen, toh ManeHbKoň, repoirce-ckoh nnmeii, nepeftjiioooBHbíM ee nopMBOM.
JlioobBb, nyMaji h, cmíbHee CMepra h CTpaxa CMepra. Tojihco eio,
TOJlbKO JIKtOOBbK) JJfip)KHTCH H JJBHÍKeTCH >KH3Hb.
ynpaiKHeHMe 31. npoMHTaftTe rpynnw rnaronoB, 3anoMHHTe cnBHr yaapeHHJi.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 32. npocnyiuaHTe TeKcr necHH, BbiflejniTe rnaronw, npoH3He-
CHTe HX.
XOTJIT JIM PYCCKHE BOÍÍHbl Xotht jih pyccKHe bohhm?
CnpOCHTe Bbl y THIUHHbl
Ha/t iiiHpbio naineH h nojieň, H y 6epé3 h Tonojieň. CnpocHTe bw y Tex connaT, ^to non, 6epě3aMH neacai,
H BaM OTB6THT hx CblHbl,
Xotht jih pyccKHe
XOTHT jih
pyccKHe,
XOTHT JIH
pyCCKHe BOÍÍHbl.
He tojimco 3a cboio cTpaHy
CoJIflaTbl THOJIH b Ty BOHHy,
A ^rro6bi jironn bcch 3eMnH
CnOKOHHO HOHbK) OMTb MOTJIH.
CnpocHTe Tex, kto BoeBaji, Kto Bac Ha 3nb6e o 6hhm3Ji —
Mbl 3TOH naMHTH BepHbl, —
Xotht jih pyccKHe,
XOTHT JIH
pyccKHe,
Xotht jth
pyccKHe BOÍÍHbl.
cHJiy.
(H. Typaenee)
6bm — 6buiá— 6bijiH 6pan — Opajiá — Spájm
B3HJI— B3HJlá— B3HJIH
n,an — flajiá — flájrH
mUl — HOBlá — XHJTH 3aHHJI — 3aHHJlá — 3áHHJIH
cnaji— cnaná— cnájiH
3Baji — 3Bajia — 3BanH Háqaji — Hafaná — Háiarm
OTHHJI — OTHHJlá — OTHHJIH
ÓTnan — oTnajiá— OTnajTH noHan — noHHJiá — noHHJTH
npHHHJI — npHHHJlá — npHHHJIH
nepenan — nepenajiíí — ne'penajTH
129
JJß, mm yweeM BoeßaTb, Ho He xothm, ^rroöbi onflTb ConnaTbi naflanH b Goto Ha 3eMJiH) rpycTHyio cboio. CnpocHie BW y Maiepeň, CnpocHTe y aceHbi Moeň, H BW Torna noHíiTb aoidkhw, Xotht jih pyccKHe,
XOTHTJIH
pyccKHe,
XOTHT JIH
pyCCKHe BOÜHbL nOHMÖT H flOKep H pbl6aK,
noHMÖT paöoHHÖ h Garpaic, non mžít Ha po n, ji h>6oh cTpaHw, Xotht jth pyccKHe,
XOTHT jih
pyccKHe,
XOTHT jth
pyCCKHe BOH HM.
(K EeryiueHKO)
ynOTPEEJlEHHE HK-3 H MK-4
B nOBECTBOBATEJlbHOM nPEflJlO>KEHHM
HK-4 T3K 5Ke} KaK h HK-3 MoaceT ynoTpeojiKTbCH He TOJibKo b BonpocHTejibHOM, ho h b noBecTBOBaiejibHOM npenrjo^ceHHH: B utecTb
3-4
wcoe eenepa Mbi noKuuynu Heanojib.
B noBecTBOBaiejibHOM npenjioaceHHH HK-3 h HK-4 He BbipaacaioT
CMbICJIOBblX paSHHSHH, H OÖbIMHO rOBOpHIHHH HepeflyeT 3TH KOHCTpyK-
iiHH b He3aBepiueHHbix cHHTarMax. CneayeT noMHHTb, mo jjjiji jkhboh pa3rOBopHOH pe^H xapaicrepHa HK-3, anpn qreHHH TeKCTa, oUHcaHHHx, a TaKace b njiKTopcKOH penn npeoönanaeT HK-4.
HanpHMep, paccKa3biBan <jto-to CBoeMy npHHTejiio, roBopHiiwii
3-4 1
npoH3HOCHT: npo3eeneJi 3Qohok, I u mm nouuiu. flHKTOp no panno 3Ty
4
ace (|>pa3y MoaceT npoH3HecTH c HK-4: IIp03eeHe/i 360hok, I u mm i
nouuiu.
3anoMHHTe Hanöonee yctohmhbwe cHHTaKCHiecKHe KOHCTpyromH, b KOTopbix ynoTpeÖnaioTCH MK-3 h HK4.
B npocTOM npejjJiOMceHHH — rpyraia non/ieacainero npn cocTaBHOM cKa3yeMOM: Yajioeax
3 - 4 . 1
KOMHÜTQ. I — 3T0 ÖUÖAUOTeKQ)
130
— rpynna nonneacainero npH npocTOM cKa3yeMOM: MyscHuna
3-4   , * 1
ebicoKoeo pocra I ôbicrpo uoohracr c Mecra;
3-4
— o6cTOHTejibCTBeHHBie rpynnn: HedaaeKO or cauampUR I nanu-
1 3-4 1
HOJicR /tec. Okojio dsenaduaTU uacoe hohu i kto-to nocTymui & deepb,
— fleenpHtiacTHbiH oöopoT b npeno3Hinöi: IJpoexae necKOAbKo ku-
3-4 (
aoMerpoe, I mm ocranoeuAucb;
— rpynna onpenenneMoro npn pacnpocTpaHeHHOM onpeneneHHH
..3-4
b npiwacTHOM oöopoTe, CToainaa b npeno3HUHH: Ee zoaoc, mrzkuu
1 3-4
u nacKoebiü, I ecezda ycnoKaueaa. Mm nodhexaau k ctühhuu, I pac-
l
no/ioxceHHOü na ôepezy peKU;
— npHMaCTHblH   OÔOpOT, CTOHUTHH b npen03HIIHH nepefl JBWHbIM
3-4 .
MecTOHMeHHeM: Ycraeiuue, ho doeoAbmie, i mm eo3epau^ajiucb doMOü;
— rpynnbi npnojiHHeMbix *meHOB npenjioaceHHH nepen flononHemw-
mh co CJIOBaMH KpOMe, 3Ü HCKHIOqeHHeM, BMCCTO, IIOMHMO h flp., a T3K-
3-4
ace rpynnbi ngnonneHnn c yKa3aHHbiMH cnoBaMH: IJpuexoAU ece, I
1 3-4     . 1
KpOMe Aackccr. 3a uckawhchucm Öpara, i ece mcraueaAU m ot7>e3de;
— pacnpocTpaneHHoe nononHeroie, CTonmee b Hakane npejjjioace-
3- 4 1
hhh: 3ry noeyjo ea3y I r nocraeAto cwda. TaKoe omoiuenue k koa-AeKTuey I nado hoctorhho noompRTb.
B CJ103KHOM npennoxeHHH
— b CJIO>KHOCOMHHéHHOM npenJIO»ceHHH c COI03OM H b 3HaieHHH oo-
cneflOBaTenbHocTH n pe3yjibTaTHBHOcrn aencTBHO: Mcoachho oreopu-
3-4      . 1 3-4     . 1
Aacb deepb, I u deeyuiKa eouuia. HacrynuAa noub, I u coAoeeu 3anea;
— b cjio jKHo coHHHeHHó m npenjiojiceHHH npn conocTaBjícHMH h npo-
_ 3-4 l
THBonocTaBneHHH: Oh ynurcR   na nepeoM Kypce, i a r na eropOM.
3   4' 1 3—4    . 1
H ootRCHRio, I a 6M He CAyuiaere. 3to ne KHUza, I a rerpadb.
— b cjioacHonojjTíHHěHHbDí npejjJioaceHHHx c npeno3HimeH npnna-TOMHoro npejjjioMcenHa c coKmMH n coio3HbiMH cnoBaMH Korna, noKa,
ecJIM, UTOÔbl, T3K K3K, XOTH H flp.: XOTR Tbl U He tipOCUA, i R KyľlUA TC-
6~e 3ry KHuzy. Kozda eepnéiubcn ôomou, I ne 3aöydb 3aüm k coceÔRM;
— b 6eccoK)3Hbix cnoacHonoflHHHěHHbix npejjJioaceHHHX co 3HaieHH-
3-4 . 1
cm ycnoBHH h BpeMeHn: BoAKoe ÖORTbCR I - ö Aec ne xoduTb. Jlec
3-4
pyÖRT I — menKu neTRT (3necb npeo6naaaiom.eH HBJíneTCH HK-3);
— B cnoacHonoflqHHéHHbix npennoaceHHHX c coothocHTenbHbiMH
HneHaMH b rnaBHoii h npHAaTOHHoň ^acTHx: Mu ömau tom, I zde ew
131
1 3 —4 i
aye' He Öhinu. H ne nuctm noroMy, I hto 6bin e 0T*e3de (3necb npe-oöJianaioiueH hejihctoi HK-3).
YnpajKHeime 33. npocnyiuafiTe, npoBejiHTe qneaeHHe Ha cHHTarMM (rpyn-nbi non. ji ©Kamero h cKa3yeMoro), onpenöiHre ueHTpbi H K.
HecKonbKO 3aropejibix cnopTCMeHOB TpeHHpo b ann cb Ha nppo>KKe. IlpoxjianHbiH homhoh B03flyx 6bin jKHBHTejibHO npHHTôH. Tpoe nyMlUHX cTyfleHTOB 6binH OTMeneHbi b npnKa3e peKTOpa. Okoao necíiTH 3ko KypcaHTOB noexann Ha 3KCKypcHK» b TaíHKeHT. Ham (pmiocoĺpCKHH Kpy>KOK paôoTaeT cBbiuie Tpěx neT. IlepBbiH jjom Ha stoh ynnue 6bui nocTpoeH TpHJiiiaTb neT Ha3an..
YnpajKHeHHe 34. CnyiuaHTe, cJien,HTe 3a HHTOHauHOHHOft pa3MerKOH. npo-HHraiíTe npenjioHceHHH,
3     . 1 „
Bonrorpaji I — ropon-repoH.
3    . 1
MocKBa I — cTojiHua Cobctckoto CoKoa.
3 1
Mou 6paT I — cTyneHT MTY.
3 1
3 Ta acemiiHHa I — rnaBHbiH Bpaq GonbHHUbi. KpacHaa nnomajib I — sto cep/jue Mockbm.
3 1
M3yMpyjj; I — sto KaivieHb 3enöHoro uBera.
3   i i Ham OTeu I — lenoBeic peiuHTenbHbiH h CTporHH.
3    i 1 3Ta KHHra I — nonapoic Maiepn.
3aqÖTHaH ceccHH I — 3to npOBepica 3HaHHH cTyueHTOB.
3 1
Ham npenoflaBarejib I — ôojibiuoň Macrep CBoero n.ena.
3 1
Haui cTapocTa I — 6ojibuioft jiioÖHTenb npHpoflw.
ynpa>KHeHHe 35. UpocJiymafire m npomrranTe npennojKeHHH. CneflHTe 3a hh-TOHauHeft.
3 1 3
YTpOM paHO I npHexajia cecTpa. Ha Kpaio neca I imoHepbi pa36H-
13. 3 3 I
jih JiareTb. Ot oönnbi I pe6é*hok 3annaKaji. JXmeKO b Mope I bkj>
1 3     i 1
Hejicfl Kopaöjib. H3-3a itjioxoh noroflbi I noe3ni<a He cocTonnacb. PaH-
Heň BecHOH I noÄBHJiHCb nepBbie noflCHeacHHKH. Bo BpeMfl ypoKa I
1 3
b flBepb KTO-TO nocTynan. nepen. BbicTynneHHeM I emě pa3 Bee 6bino
1 3 1
npOBepeHo. nočně 3axona comma I 3a\teTH0 noxononano.
YnpajKHeHHe 36. UpocJiymarlTe npeji,Jio>KeHH«, npOBejiHre nneHeHHe Ha chh-TarMbi, onpe^enHTe THnbi HK. npoHHTafrre npenJiojKeHHÄ eme pa3.
KpoMe cTyfleHTa HßaHOBa, o6 stom hhkto lowero He 3Haji. KpOMe MOjiOKa h qbpyKTOB, oonbHoii romero He en. 3a HCKmoqemieM aByx BonpocoB, Bee 6bino hcho. 3a HCKnioqeHHeM Menoneä, cica3aHO Bc'é.
13.
IIoMHMO 3tux ycjiOBHH, 6biJTH Ha3BaHbi eiuě flBa. BMecTo npennojiarae-Moii 3KcKypcHH, 6buia Ha3HaqeHa nporyjiKa b ropbi. BMecTo OTBeTa Ha Bonpoc, MßaH MOJiqa nocMOTpen b okho. KpoMe my Ma MeTejin, oh He cjibimaji HHwero. 3a HCKJiKweHHeM MapHH, Ha 3Ty OTBeTCTBeHHyio paöoTy npHUDiH Bee.
YnpaMCHemte 37. CocrasbTe npeanoMceHna co cítobsmm KpOMe, nOMUMO, 3a ucKfuoveHueM c npeno3HmieH o6oco6neHHoro o6opoTa.
ynpajKHeHHe 38. IIpocnymaňTe, npoqwraftre npeHJioMceHHH.
TypHCTbi bohuh b nee, I OKpyaceHHwo mhioh. CnneTb Ha cKaMeň-
Ke, 3aTeHéHH0H AepeswiMH, I 6buio npHHTHo. Khhth, HarmcaHHwe 3thm
micaTeneM, I Bcerna BOjiHOBanii MeHa. JIhuo nenoBeica, cHnamero 3a
pyněM, I noKa3anocb MHe 3HaK0MbiM. YTpeHHHH noe3A, otxoahbiuhh
i 1 3     \ -
b mecTb yTpa, I 6bm y unaT<popMw. Mw nirm no 03epy, I noKpwTOMy
1 3 1
jibAOM. Cama He Mor 3a6bixb o KHHre, ocTaBnemioň b noe3fle. ManeHb-
3 . 1
Kan nTHHKa, CHflnmaH Ha BeTKe, I npHBjieioia Hame BHHMaHHe. HaM
3
oneHb noHpaBHncfl cnopTCMeH b chhcm koctiomc, nerKO cKonb3a-
1 3
men no 3epicany nbfla. Hbctok, bwdocihhh 6e3 conmia, I 6bm cnaöwö
1 3 3
h xrnibiH. Okho OTKpbmocb, h mw yBHrjemi 3Bé3Aw, I ropminie b najie-
kom He6e. ^enoBeK, chahiuhh 3a cTonoM, I imcan micbMa.
YnpajKHeHHe 39. IIpocnyuiaftTe. npomrraflTe npeflnoHceHHH.
3 1 Ha ocHOBaHHH nonyHeHHbix AaHHwx I 6wn npoBeaeH sKcnepHMeHT. 3 i
B omy pHfla npHHHH, I 6one3m> nporpeccHpoBana. B cbh3h c OTbe3npM
pyKOBOAHTenH AenerauHH, I koh^epeHinuo nepeHecjiH Ha neHb. B pe-
3 1 3ynbTaTe neperoBopOB, I 6buio npHHBTO cx)raameHHe. no cnyMaio Ha-
3 1 UHOHajibHoro npa3oHHKa I 6bm flaH npHÖM. Bnaronapa ycmiHHM Kon-
3     i 1 3
neKTHBa, 1 nnaH 6bin BwnojiHeH aocdomho. BcneACTBHe rmoxon noro-
. 1 Aw, I yÖopKa ypoKaa 3aTHHynacb.
Y npaiK Hernie 40. IIpoqnTaHTe npeijJiOHceHHJi c 06crOHTenbCTBsmh ucjih, ycnoBHH h ycTynKH. Cnenirre 3a hx npaBHJibHbiM hhtohhpobaHHeM.
3 .
B nejiHx 0Ka3aHHa noMOiUH no crpa a3b luh m ot HaBonHeHHH I Ďbuitf C03AaHw cnacaTenbHwe oTpHAw. B uenax yperynHpoBaHHH koh^uhk-Ta í opraHH30BaHa cneiiHanbHaa komhcchb. B cnynae HapymeHHH ycnoi
1 3 ů
BHH I 6ynyT npHHHTw ocoöwe Mepw. BonpeKH npeACKa3aHna m, I no->
133-
1 3 ,
rona 6buia xapKax. üpn bc6m »cenaHHH i mm He mohccm BbmojiHHTb Bameö npocb6bi.
ynpajKHeHHe 41. npocnyiuaHTe h npomrraírre npenjioKeroiii. FIpoBeflHTe wjie-HeHHe, onpeAejiHTe thtibi HK.
0>khbjiShho neperoBapHBaacb, mm cnemmm b khho, BcMaTpHBa-HCb b TeMHOTy, MenneHHo wen howoh noe3fl. CBeptcaa Ha conHue, pe-Ka cTpeMHTejibHO cöerana c rop. OmpasjíHncb b naribHioio flopory, B03b-MH c co6oH Bcě Heo6xonHMoe. Ha ejib BopoHa B3rp0M03nflCb, no3aBT-paxaTb coBceM yjK 6bino coöpanacb (Kpbinoe). noroBopHB o nene, mm pa3oiiDiHCb no noMaM. Onacaacb Henoronti, TypHCTbi b3ähh 3anacHwe najiancH. Bokah b KOMHaxy, HaTaiua ciana MenneHHo cHHMaxb nanbTO. noBepHyB b nepeynoK, He3HaKOMeii cKpbincn 3a noBOpoTOM.
YnpaxcHeHHe 42. IIpocnyiiiaHTe h npOMHTaftre, cnemiTe 3a HHTOHauneH npH conocTaBJíeHHH.
H roBOpK), a oh He BepHT. Bepa H3yqaeT aHrnHÖcKHH ä3mk, a Hmia HeMeuKHH. 3to He KHHra, a xeTpanb. Bexep cHnbHbiři, ho He xonoflHbiň. Mm eneM B MocKBy, a oh b Tyny. Xoxeji cKa3axb, fla cnoB He Hamnocb. Moh oTeii cjiecapb, a MaTb ÖHÖmioxeKapb. H npocHn, ho bm He nocjiy-
LLiajlHCb. 3tO MOH KHHľH, a bot TBOH.
ynpasKHeHHe 43. Cnymaňre, noBTopHťrre npeoJioxeHHH c npiwroimbíM BpeMeHH, caenaftTe HHTOHauHOHHyio pa3MeTKy.
Korná HacTymuio yipo, noacflb npeicpamriCÄ. Korná Sypa yraxna, KapaBaH npononacan nyTb. Korná Hsan npnexan, oh paccKa3an Bce. rioKa Mbi cnopnnH, nöean rpoHyncH. Korná npo3BeHen. nocnenHHH 3BOHOK, mm BOHĽTH b 3an KHHOTeaTpa. Korná mm cenn b noe3n, 6bino OKono ccmh Benepa. Korná bm OTnbixanH, mm paSoTajm. Korná bm pa6oTanH, mm OTnbixanH.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 44. 3aKOHiHTe npepfloxmm, npoBeanre hx HHTOHauHOHHbift aHajiH3.
Korná oh ycnbíman 3Ty My3bncy... Korná Bomen b MeTpo... Korná mm BOiLDiH b TeaTp... Korná KOHHHjicH cneKTaioib... Korná oh Haacan KHonxy... ÜOKa men no^cnb... noKa npy3bH roBopmiH...
ynpaiKHeHHe 45. H3 nßyx npocTtix npeflJiOMceHHfl coeraBbre (who cno>KHoe c COI030M Kozda. C ji ensure 3a H3M6HeHH6M flBiweHHíi TOHa b ueHTpax HK.
1 1 t
O 6 p a 3 e n,: npuexaa opar. JI cnpocuji eeo 06 3Tom. — Kozda npu-
3 3
exaji Opar, I ji cnpocun eeo 06 stom.
1. Oh roBopán. Bce Mon^ánn. 2. Bm o6t)Hchhjth. Bce CTáno echo. 3. My3biKaHT 3anrpan. B 3áJie HacTyniína THLUHHá. 4. Ciáno Tennó. Mm nepeéxajTH Ha navy. 5. BepHynacb MaTb. Mm paccKa3ájm o cnymÍBiueM-ch. 6. Oh paccKa3an 3Ty HcrópHio. EMy hhkto He noBepnn. 7. MeTenb
134
yTHXjia. Mómcho 6wjio npoflOJiMcárb nyTb. 8. Bmiéjbi Bwjth KýrmeHLi. Mbi HáqajiH yKnáflbiBaTb Béum. 9. Opárop kohhhji. Pasnanncb apýncHbie anjionHCMeHTbi. 10. 3aHrpána My3biKa. y Bcex noflHHJiócb HacTpoeHne.
ynpaxcHeHHe 46. 3aKOHqHxe npqn,Jio>KeHHH c npHnaToqHbíM ycnoBHH. Hann-uiHTe h npoqHxaHTe hx. CflenaHTe hhtohaitHOHHy io pa3MerKy.
1. Ecjth 6yneT BpeMH, ... 2. Ecjih xoTHTe, ... 3. Ecjih npHeneiiib no3nHo, ... 4. Eoih 6yneTe b Mockbc, ... 5. Ecjih npHfleT 6pax,... 6. Ecjih cMoaceTe,...
ynpaMtHeHHe 47. ITpocnymaňre h npoqHTaňTe npenjionceHHii c npHnaroHHiíMH 'uejni. IIpoBenMTe qjieHeroie Ha CHHTaTMbi, onpen,enHTe thii hk.
^TOSbl XOpOIUO yMHTbCH, HyjKHO MHO TO H yTIOpHO paOOTaTb. ^TOĎbl 6bITb 3flOpOBMM, HaflO 3aHHMaTbCH CnopTOM. ^TOČM flOČHTbCH flejIH,
Hano MHoro TpynHTbCH. *Ito6m xopouio ruiaBaib, Haflo He SoHTbcfl bo-
flbl. ^TOĎbl XOpOIUO 3HaTb H3MK, HaflO HMdb peHÍByTO HpaKTHKy. *ItO-
6bi He CMymaTb CMHa, MaTb Bbiuma H3 KOMHaTbi. *lTo6bi noflHHTb npo-
H3BOflHTeJIbHOCTb Tpyfla, HeOÓXOflHMO MeXaHH3HpOBaTb npOH3BOflCTBQ.
ynpaacHeHHe 48. IlpocjiyujaHTe h npohhtohhpyíítc npefljiojiceHHa c ycTynH-TenbHHM 3HaqeHHeM, cjieflHTe 3a nBH*eHHeM TOHa b ueHTpax.HK.
Xoth Bbi oneHb npocHjiH, h He cflejian 3Toro. Xoth npenonaBaTenb roBOpHJi THxo, 6biJio cjibUHHo Kaacnoe cjiobo. Xoth Mop03 icpeman, mw ornpaBHjiHCb b nyTb. Xoth poflHTenH npeflyripeacnanH Hac, mm noB-TopKiiH cbok) oum6Ky. Xoth nnyT floacflH, B03rryx flOBonbHo tSiuimh. Xoth MecTa Smjih flanbHHe, mm xopouio BHflenn bck> cueiry.
ynpaxcHeHHe 49. ripocnymaňTe, npoqHTaflTe npenjioMceHHH c npHflaToqHMMH npHqHHbi.
TaK KaK BpeMerai 6 mho Mano, npHurjiocb noceTHTb TonbKo ochob-Hbie My3en. TaK KaK 6paT y mchh niooHTenb KjiaccH^ecKoň My3biKH, oh MacTO xoflHT Ha KOHuepTbi. TaK KaK y mchh cKopo 3K3aMeH, h 6yny flonro 3aHHMaTbCH. TaK KaK pacnHcaHne H3MeHHJiH, AneKceň ono3flan Ha noe3fl. TaK KaK khht Mano, 6yfleTe nonb30BaTbcn hmh no oiepenn. TaK KaK norona xopouian, He 6yneM OTKnaflbiBaTb Hauieň nporynKH b Jiec. TaK KaK BpeMH 6bino no3flHee, npHiímocb nepeHecm BCTpe^y Ha 3aBTpa. TaK KaK uuih floacflH, htoam 6buiH KHcnbie. TaK k3k nofl-híuich uiTopM, KaTaHHe Ha nporynoHHbix KaTepax 6bino 3anpenieHo.
YnpajKHeHHe 50. ripocnymaňTe h npoqHraHTe npeanojKeHivi, HMejonuie cooTHocHTeJibHbie qjieHM b rnaBHoň h npHflaToqHOH qacTHx.
Bce noexanH Týna, OTKyna TonbKo ^ito BepHynacb rpynna Typnc-tob. Cflenaň sto TaK, <rro6bi Bce 6binH flOBonbHM. Mm eneM Týna, rfle HyacHbi CHflbHbie nwflH. 3to Te khhth, Koxopbie mm naBHO yxce HineM.
X03HHH TOT, kto TpyjJHTCH (TopbKUÚ) . H TOT, kopo hhkto He HI06HT
135
(JlepMOHTOB ).   JIbCTHT   tcm, koto 60HTCH   (9eXOe). KHH3b AHflpeM
yMen nocTaBHTb ce6a tsk, «rro ero Bee ysa^anH (77. To/ictou) . Tpyffjui-ca TaK KpecxbHHHH moh, »rro rpaAOM noT c Hero KamncH (Kpbuioe). 3to 6bui tot 3K3eMnnflp khhth, KOTOpbiH mw BHnejiH HaKaHyne. OHa yjibibanacb TaK, mto Bee noBecenejiH. BeTep 6bin no -roro cHJibHbiii, hto cpbmano iunanbi. H cnenaio Bee" t^k, k3k bw xothtc CnoeMTe TaK, K3K nejiH b cTyneinecKHe roflw. HohaSm Tyaa, rae Bewoe nera.
ynpaMCHemie 51. IlpocJiyinaHTe h 3anHuiHTe tckct. OnpefteJiHTe thiii>i HK, cfleJiaflTe HHTOHauHOHHyio pa3MerKy. npoquraftTe h nepecKaacHTe tckct.
HEPEIlAXA
B Teruibix K>>KHbix Mopax HOffiyr orpOMHbie qepenaxn, HHorAa MecTHbie ^cHTenH jiobht qepenax, nejiaioT Ha hhx paajiHMHbie HaAUHCH h oTnycKaioT oSpaTHO b Mope.
B 1973 rony HTanbHHCKHe pbi6aKH noHMajiH b Mope okojio Ilajiep-mo orpOMHyio qepenaxy. OHa BecHjra 98 KHJiorpa'MMOB. Ha Hen 6bino mito-to HaiBicaHO Ha HeH3Becraom H3biKe. PbiSaKH no3Bann MeCTHOTO yMHTejiH. Ho oh He cmot npowTaTb ixy HannHCb. Torna pbi6aKH OTnpa-bhjih qepenixy b AKaaeMHio HayK b Phm.
BcK6pe OTTyaa npHHien otbct. OKtbbmaTca, Hanrmcb Ha qepen&xe 6bina cnenaHa Ha pyccKOM H3biKe. 3Ty HanriHCb caejiaji BejiHKHH pyc-ckhh rmcaTenb MaKCHM TopbicHH. Oh HanHcaji Ha qepenaxe no-pyccKH: „BbHiycTHJi Ha cBo6ony mow qepenaxy Toto. 1 anpena 1922 roij;a. ^epenaxa bccht 52 KHJiorpaMMa h AAHHa ee — 90 camHMeTpoB. Toto oieHb hiooht capnHHKH. MaKCHM TopbKHH. Kanpn".
YnpaacHeHHe 52. ripOH3Hecirre iiocjiobhu.m c HK-3 b nepBoit cHHTarMe.
0 BonKe MOJiBa HflfeT, a jiHca tcm BpeMeHeM MHp pa30paeT.
noTepHB 6wkob, 3anepjiH xneB.
fleno cAejiaH, noTOM xsajiHCb.
BoHca He KpHKyna, a thxohh.
noK^ He y3Haeinb ropa, He y3Haeuib paAOCTH.
noKa b ABepb He nocTyHHUib, hhkto He OTKpoeT.
Kto npouieji Mope, tot b pe^Ke He yiOHeT.
Beacaji ot aohcab — nonin noA rpaA-
B oaho yxo Boiujio, a b Apyroe Bbiumo.
YnpaxcHeHHe 53. npocnymattTe tckct, OnpejjeJiHTe Ha cnyx rpaHHuu chh-TarMaTHHecKOro mieaenm., onpeaeJiHTe thiili HK,
HAJ1ECHOM A3POflPOME
CoBepm&h B03AyuiHoe nyTeui^ciBHe HaA Tafiroio, h cjibiuian ot nenHKOB mhoto HHTepecHbix paccKa30B o necHblx h oxoTHHHbHx
npHKJlKJqeHHHX. JleTWKH paCCKa3bIBajlH, K3K AOBOAHJlOCb hm HaSjiio-
AaTb 3BepeH b Taiire. Ha acchom aapoApoMe MHe noKa3anH 5khb6to
136
MáneHBKoro MenBeacomca. flocTaBJíeHHbffl H3 ranní Ha caMoněTe, jioxMáibiH aBnáiop Mj^BCTBOBaji ce6a c jiionjbMH npeKpácHo. Oh houi b icnéTKe, ycrpóeHHoň Ha aaponpÓMe. HHorna MHiincy BbinycKárai ry-jiHTb, h, cMeuiHo nepeBajiHBaHCb, KaK 6w Bbmojirora pont cTporoň oxpaHw, oh roHHncH 3a K03aMH, 3a6HpáBuiHMHCH Ha 3anpemÖHHyio njiH nocTopÓHHHx noceTHTejien 30Hy . . . KpoMe aBHáTopa-MHiUKH, Mamá b Jinaöe necHÓro oTpana, nónb3yncb oÖluhm npýacecKHM pacno-jiottceHHeM, ManeHbKaH 6éno«Ka ZtýcH, nOHMaHHaa jiěTOiKaMH b peKe bo BpeMH KoqěBKH (6enKH bo bpcmh cBOHX KotféBOK HepénKO nepe-
njTblBaiOT IHHpÓKHe peKH.) HO CaMOH OOJlMliOH JIIOÔOBbK) h noiTeHHeM
nónb30BajicH b aBHaimÓHHOM oTpane py^Hoň acypaßjib BacHJiHH HbIho-bh*i. BájKHo, lómio pacnopHflHTenb-nHcneTHep, xohhji oh no aspon-pÓMy. Ka3ánocb, oh Haönronan 3a oöhtüm nopánicoM, h mo>kho Gbuio noAyMaTb, HTO 6e3 BacHJiHH HBaHOBHia He MOHceT ornpaßHibCH hh
OHHH CaMOJlěT.
(H. CoKoňoe-MuKUToé)
YnpajKHeHHe 54. IIpoiHTaftTe nHajior, cJieame 3a HHTOHaUHeR. CflenaÄTe hht oHauHOHHyk) pa3MeTKy.
3KCKyPCH.il no MOCKBE
— JJ,ó6poe ýípo, KpHCTHHa!
— 3flpaBCTByH, Kypí! noneivry tm He npninen Biepá?
— V nač Obrna aBTÓ6ycHaH 3KCKypcHH no MocKBe.
— 3 to HHTepécHO. Kto npOBonjiji 3KCKypCHio?
— Ká4>enpa pýccKoro H3biKa.
— Bbi é3flHJiH rpynnoH?
— HeT, 3TO 6bUio 0praHH3OBaHo nna Bcex CTyneHTOB nepBoro Kypca.
— CKÓJIbKO BpéMeHH yiHJlÓ Ha 3KCKypCHIO?
— Ókojio Tpěx qacÓB.
— Te6e noHpaBHJiocb?
— fla, ó'ieHb. Mbi yBHnejiH mhoto h HTe p echoro, y3HájiH HCTopHio KpervüiH, KpácHoň iuióinanH h mhÓthx apxHTeKTypHbix naMflTHHKOB.
— Bbl 3aXOnjKTIH B 3fláHHfl?
— HeT, y Hac 6bui TOJibKo BHeiHHHH ocMOT,p. HaM paccKa3anH o My-3ee PeBOJiióifflH, My3ée B. H. JIé*HHHa, HcTOpriecKOM Mysée, EHOjmoTé-
Ke HMeHH B. H. Jle'HHHa, TpeTbaKÓBCKoň rartepáe, My3ee H3o6pa3HTenb-Hbix HCKyccTB HMeHH A, C. nyímaiHa, 06 Mry, BflHX, Mockobckom IlnaHeTápHH.
— fla, Bbi MHoroe ycnenn nocMOTp^Tb. KaKÓií naMHTHHK reöe'oco-6eHHO noHpaBHjica?
— MHe óieHb noHpáBHjica náMHTHHK MoeMý nioGHMOMy nosTy JlepMOHTOBy. 3to óneHb Bbipa3HTenbHbiH aHcaMoitb c (J)parMe HTaMH
H3 n03MbI „MlIbípH".
137
— A KaKiíe ýjiHirM tm 3anÓMHHJi?
— MHe ovsm> 3anoMHnncH npocneKT KanHHHHa, hjih, KaK ero Ha3bi-bÍiot, Hobmh ApoáT. A b uenoM npoH3B<5níiT orpÓMHoe BneHaTJieHHe panoHM HOBocTpoeK: íiiHpÓKHe npocneKTM, cTponie jihhhh, mhóto npocTÓpa, MHÓro 3ejieHH h BÓ3jiyxa. MocKBa — HeoÔmkhobchhmh ró-pofl!
— Hy, <rro ac, xoponió. Mójkho cKa3áib, qro népBoe 3HBk6mctbo
COCTOÄJIOCb?
— ,D,a, KOHé^mo, h Tenépb h nocBHuiý Bce CBo6onHoe BpeW flajib-HeôuieMy 3HaKÓMCTBy c Jthm npeKpácHMM róponpM.
— }Kejiaio yn&ai!
— Cnacáoo, no cBHnaHHH!
ypOK N°12 3BYK [q'J.
yflAPEHHE B rJlArOílbHblX OOPMAX.
ynOTPEBJÍEHME MK-3 II MK-4
B nOBECTBOBATEJIbHOM nPEflJlOWEHMII
(npOflOJDKEHME)
3BYK [V]
B pyccKOM H3biKe [tf] — Bcerna, b moôoň no3HUHH, MflrKHÖ iim-
imiuhh 3By*k: rUlCHO, HUCTblÜ, OVeHb, HOHb. IlpH npOH3HeceHMH [tf] Bbl-
flejiaeTca npa MOMeHTa apTHKynmmH. HaiajibHbiň — 3to CMbWKa ne-penHež *iacTH H3biKa h ero KOHHHKa c nepenHHMH 3y6aMH (3Jie-MeHT [t'] ). 3ßyK B03HHKaeT non, HanopoM B03nyuiHOH cTpyn, pa3Mbi-KaiomeH 3Ty CMbi*ncy KpaTKHM uiejieBbiM sneivieHTOM. Kpan H3bi-Ka npHJnaTM k ookobmm 3y6aM. Ty6bi cjierKa BbiHHHeHbi Bne-péfl.
CoqeTaHHH q c coraacHbíMH naioT pa3Hbie 3ByKH. HanpHMep: 3<i= [üT] (3aKü3HUK), cq= [úľ] (cnacTbe), ht~ [hit] (yročw), im—
[iIIH] (KOHeHHo) .
Ha MecTe coneTaHHH -m h js*t npOH3HOCHTca [vT] c npnrHM 3aTBO-pOM, t. e. H3MK 3aaep>KHBaeTcH b nojiOHceHHH apTHKynHUHH [t] . HanpHMep: /lěTHUK, ny/ieMČTHUK, eemuna, Hoxodmtebiü, nodnepKHyn. B TpaHCKpHniMH 3TOT 3By*k o6o3HaqaeTcn nBOHKo: [jh] hjih[T].
YnpajKHeHHe 1. CnyiuaftTe, noBTOpaHTe.
HH-^bH, MH-TO, IHTbJIHTb;  IMTb ^aň, BblÔHTb tok, JieHHTb, MHCTHTb, MOHHTb, yTfflTb, CTpOMHTb, OTflaTb TOCTb.
138
ynpaxcHeHMe 2. Oiymaňre, n ob to pan Te. ITpoH3KecHTe cnoBa c co^eTaioieM qyt HbK).
*Iy-qy, qyTb-qyTb, MOJiiy, qbio, qy-Mbio, io-Mbio; k Bpaqy, cBeqy, try-no, cTpoqy, yqy, MOjmy, xoiy, ne^ry, qynKH, t/>koh, qyiKHH.
ynpaiKHeHHe 3. CnyiiiafiTe, noBTOpjiHTe. IIpoH3HecHTe cnoBa c coqeTaHHeM na, MbH.
tía-qa, qa-íbH, MbH-Mb>i, qacTb, qacm, KpH^aib, nafi, yqacrae, Haqajib-HHK, nacTO, cBena, HaÜHHK, Bpaqa, KjiKnia, Mena, neiaTb, neqaTaib.
ynpaiKHeHHe 4. OiymattTe, noBTOpxHxe. IlpOH3HecHTe cnoBa c coqeraHHHMH
MO, HĚ [tfo].
*ío-ho, iuieno, ropfwo, kjikhiom, BpaiOM, mchom, cbc^oS, nepHbiö, npHwéM, TewT, na qěM, npn qéM, o qěM, 3a*íéT, neBHoraca, coÖaTOHKa, pyqOHKa.
YnpajKHeHHe 5. ITpocnymaHTe h npOH3HecHie cnoBa.
CoiBiajlHCTHMeCKHH, KOMMyHHCTHÍeCKHH, HeMOKpaTHHeCKHH, HC" TOpHieCKHÜ, AHajieKTlWeCKHH, HfleOJIOrHHeCKHH, MaTepHajIHCTHHeCKHH,
lmeajiHCTHqecKHH, nojiHTHMecKHH, ropHnjwecKHii, 3kohomhmöckhh, KpHTHHecKHH, peajiHcnwecKHH, ryManncraneckhh, KocMHqecKHÍí, re-
pOH^eCKHH, pOMaHTHHeCKHH, 3CTeTH^eCKHH, rpaMMaTH^ieCKHH, JIHHTBH-
CTHwecKHH, (poHeTHiiecKHH, JieKCHqecKHÖ; TeqeHHe, 3HaMeHHe, npHK-jiioHeHHe, oGyneHHe, nony^ieHHe, yqeHHe.
ynpa>KHeHHe 6. npocnyuiaftTe cthxh. BtiflenHTe cnoBa, conepsKamHe 3ByK [h'] h flpyrHe iiiHiuimHe 3ByKH.
pyqEEK
PyqeeK coBceM Majibiui.
— Tbi Kyna, Maribim, cneiuáuib?
— ^epes nee, qépe3 nojiHHy — K péqKe,
K Mopio, K oKeáHy!
J\jiň pánpciH peöifaeö
npHexajl UHpK OpOflíT^HH.
B noiómeM h b 3BeHjhu,eM,
B HQM BCé, KaK b HaCTOHUjeM. THMHaCT JieTHT,
H cKáqei KOHb,
JlHCHua npbiraeT b orÓHb,
Co6álKH ý^aTCH C^HTaTb,
139
BmxÓjjht nÓHH HX KaTáTb. MapTbiuiKa k 3epKajiy cneiiiHT, H KJióyH nyÖJiHKy cmcuíht...
3AIlE<ÍHblH CBEPMOK
CBep^K neu 3a neMKOH nécemcy.
CKpHny^ryio Beroyio necemcy. <   ... > He njia^b, aypanoK, 3anémíbm cBepTOK.
(A. Crpoü/io)
ynpaxcHeHHe 7. npocnymaftre h npOH3HecHTe cnoBa, b KOTopwx coiera-
eTCfl C pa3HbIMH COrJiaCHblMH.
MnaľbCH, HHMeHb, 3ao^HHK, ynaqHo, THrnreHbm, cKpHmufflbiň, seMnHHipiHbrii, KJiyÖHHVHbin, ronHHHbrň, BopnaTb, Brepa, mojuih, nojma-ca, BOJiTOHOK, MOjrca, nomn, iiHTb, noiia, Mama, jiymue, cmwKH, CKa^KH, TOHKa, pyTiKa, neBomca, nenie, mapic
ynpajKHeHHe 8. CnyuiaftTe cnoBa co 3 By kom [h'] .
JleTJHK, flOKjianMHK, orqecTBO, BexqHHa, oiHěTjiHBbiö, nonuepic-
HyTb, HaXOflHHBbÖf, OTHaCTH, BOnonpOBOflHHK. ynpajKHeraie 9. CnyuiaftTe, noBTopaftre.
*ItO, mo6bJ, ito-HHÖyflb, HTO-TO, HTO J1H, HTO-JTH6o, HH^ito; HeHTO.
ynpaiKHeime 10. npocnyinaftre craxoTBopeHHe. ripoH3HecHTe BbmeneHHtie cnoBa.
CBHflAHHE
y>K 3a ropOH ApeMyqeio
norac Be«iepHMM jiy^, EflBa cTpyeö rpeMyqeio
CßepKaei >JtcapKHH kjiio<i; Caflbi ÖjiaroyxaHHeM
HanojiHHHHCb ähbhm,
TH(J)J1HC OÖTiflT MOJlTOHHeM,
B ymejibe Mrjia h flbiM.
TaM 3a TBepflbiHeň cTapoio Ha cyMpatiHOH rope
non. cBejKeio qHHapoK) Jlejicy a Ha KOBpe.
140
Jleacy ojjHH h nyMaio:
„yacenn He bo cHe CßHflaHbe b Hom> yrpioMyio
Ha3HaqtfJia tw MHe"
(M. JJepMOHToe)
ynpa»HeHMe 11. npomrrattTe CJiOBa.
Mm, jiyM, njiaq, ioikw, cbn, Bpa*i, cKpHnaq, cnnan:, homí, npHb, KonioM, cKpHnyw, ropan.
YnpawHeinie 12. npomrraHTe cinxOTBopeHHe, 3aTpaHCKpHÖHpyHTe cnoBa, co-flep^amne mMiramHe 3ByKH.
nApyc
Bejiéei nápyc ojjHHOKHH B TyMáHe MOpa ronycoMÍ ... ^TO Úuxqt OH b cTpaHe näJieKOH? ^TO KHHyiI oh B KpaiÓ POIJHOM? . . .
HrpáioT BOJiHbi — B^Tep cBHineT, m Máma rHéica h cKpHmÍT ... Ybh, — oh cqácTHa He raneT
H He OT C^ácTHH 6e5KHT!
Ilon HHM cipya cBemeH jia3ypH, Han. hum Hyn conrnra 3onoTÓň...
A OH, MHTe^CHblH, npócHT 6ypH, KaK oýflTO b 6ypax ecTb noKÓô!
(Af. JJepMOHToe)
YnpajKHeHHe 13. ripocnyinaňTe tckct, npoHHTaftxe ero b jwuax, cnenHT^ 3a n po h 3HoiueHneM 3ByKoB [q', ä, m, uľ]. npaBHnbHo HHTOHHpyBTe 4>pa3w. Ilepe-CKajKHTe cKa3Ky 6jih3ko k TeKcry.
KOHE^HO (TadmtKCKdH cK03Ká)
y onHoro MenoBeKa 6bin nonyran. Oh nonro ymm nonyraa roBO-pHTb. Ho nonyrafi ne roBopnn HHMero, k po Me cnoBa „KOHerao". B Komie kohuob x03bhh pemtin nponaib nonyraa Ha pbíHKe.
^enoBeK, KOTopbiíi xoxen KyriHXb nonyraa, cnpocnn ynponaBua:
— CKonbKo CTOHT Bani nonyraž?
— Cto pyoneo!
— noseMy TaK npporo? Xo3aHH o6bacHHn:
— Moň nonyraň oiem» ymhwh. Oh ctoht 3thx neHer. Ecjth bw He BepHTe MHe, cnpocHie ero 06 stom.
141
— 3ň, nonyraň, tm yMHMň? — cnpoatn noKynaTenb.
— KoHeHHo! — npoKpnwi nonyraň,
ÍIoKynaTenio noHpaBmica nonyraň, h oh Kymui ero 3a cto pySneň.
JXomz oh cTan 3anaBaTb ervry pa3Hbie ßonpocM, ho nonyraň Ha Bce Bonpocbi OTBeian: „KoHe^Ho". B KOHue kohuob hobmh xo3ähh nonyraa paccepjjHJica h BocioiHKHyn:
— TonbKo AypaK Mor KynHTb raKoro nonyraa 3a cto py6neň!
— KoHe^Ho! — npoKpHwan nonyraň.
ynpajKHeHHe 14. IlpocjiyiiiaHTe craxoTBopeHMe. BbmeneHHbie cJioBa 3aTpaH-
CKpHĎHpyÄTe.
3HMHflfl JlOPOľA CKB03b BOJIHHCTbie TyMaHbl
ITpoÖHpaeTCH nyHa, Ha neqajibHbie nonaHbi Hbet nenaribHO csex oHa.
H TO-TO  CJIblLUHTCH pOflHOe
B JTonrax necHax aivnuHKa: To pa3rynbe ynanoe, To cepaeqHaa TOcKa...
(A. TlyuiKUH)
YnpajKHeHHe 15. JlpoiHTaHTe AHajior, cneíwre 3a npoH3HoiueHHeM [ť]
h HpyrHX IUHnHIIWX 3ByKOB. IlpaBHJIbHO HHTOHHpyHTe.
— JleHo^Ka, 3flpáBCTByH!
— JXódpbiň neHb, HbÍh HBaHOBHq!
— KaK ycnéxH?
— Xopoui<5, cnaciíoo. 3aKaHMHBaK) uiK($ny.
— Kyna noöneuib ymÍTbca uánbuie?
— MHe xóqerca b nenaroráiecKHň HHCTHTýT, Ha HCTOpfoecKHň 4>aKynbTéT.
— A Kyna xoier HaTáma?
— OHa Me^TáeT o 4>H3ň^ecKOM 4>aKynbTeTe MXY.
— A Cáuia?
— Oh 3aKáHMHBaeT Be*iépHioio uiKÓny h xó*ieT nocTyruÍTb Ha Berep-Hee OTfleneHHe TexHononi^ecKoro HHCTHTyTa.
— OweHb xopouid. )Kenáio BaM bccm yp&wl
— CnacHÖo! A KaK Bame caMOHyBCTBHe?
— Bce b nopánice, cnacHoo, HyBCTByio ce6a 3aMeqaTenbHo!
— Koraá Bbi npHflěTe k HaM?
— JXyw&io, qro b Meraepr, nócne leTbipéx nacoB. J\o BCTpenn!
— J\o cBHfláHba! >Kn§m Bac!
ynpaxcHeiufe 16. IIpocnyinaATe h npoHHTaftTe oipbiBKH h3 craxoTBope-hhh A. C. nyuiKHHa, npoH3HecHTe BbifleneHUbie cnoBa, conepjKamHe [q'],
142
cneflHTC 3a npoH3HomeHHeM flpyrax lUHnamux 3ByK0B h penyKimeft rnac-
HHX.
PeneeT oönaKOB neTyqaJi rpaaa;
3Be3fla neqanbHaa, BeqepHHH 3Be3na,
Tbom jiyqocepeÖpHJi yBHniroie pasHHHbi,
H ApeMJiiomHM 3ajiHB, h qepHbix cKaji BepiUHHw..
* * #
KoJlOKOJlbfMKH 3BeHHT,
Bapa6aHWKH rpeMHT, A ubiraHO«iKa-TO ruiHuieT, B 6apa6aHMHKH-To 6běT.
* * *
MnaTca Tyw, BbioTCH Tyro; HeBHjjHMKOK) nyna OcBemaeT cHer neTywii; MyTHo He6o, Hoqb Myraa. Eny, enyB qHcroMnojie;
KoJIOKOJIbWK flHH-nHH-JJHH... YnpajKHeHHe 17. IIpoqHTaHTe řmanor. B trnu luh tc cnoBa co 3ByicoM [q'],
npOH 3HC ch t6 hx.
HA MAIlIKY qAÜ
— Bépa, npoxonii, nojKányňcTa, h Hcneícná neqéHbe, 6ýfleM nuxb
qaň.
— C ynpBÓjibCTBHeM, h óqeHb nroonió qaň c neqeHbeM. (IJodpyeu exódRT e KÓMnary. rocnx eúdur oTKpÚTyfo Kuuzy na ctoaí) .
— Tbi qHTájia?
— xu, paccicá3bi ^éxoBa.
— ^aň ywé roTOB?
— ,11a, ceôqác h Hajibio eró b qáuiKH.
— IleqéHbe óqeHb BicýcHoe. fl xoqý HayqáibCH TaK neqb, naň penénT.
— Cenqác. Bot oh. íl qácTo nenaio sto neqeHbe. íaň He ónem, ropá>
qHií?
— HeT, XOpOHJHH.
— Emě qáineqicy?
— HeT, cnacHÖo.
IJócne domou u HenpuHyxcdéHHou Ôecédbi zócTbx cnpauiuaaer:
— KoTOpbm qac?
— ^e'TBepTb nBeHánrjiaToro.
— Yjkq no3flHo. MHe nopá. CiiokOhhoh hoto! Cnacnôo 3a qan h ne-HeHbe.
— flo6pOH HÓqn! 3axonií noqáine!
143
ynpa>KHeHHe 18. npocjiyuiaftxe h npOHHTaftrc oxpwBKH h3 cobctckhx neceH. CneřmTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM 3Byna [m'J h coHeTamttt mt, cm.
Hac yTpo BCTpeqaei npoxjianpii, Hac BeTpoM Bcrpe^aeT peica. KyflpflBaa, hto >k tm He pana BecejiOMy neHbio rynj<a? < ... >
H panpcTb noěT, He CKomaH, H necHfl HaBCTpeny HneT, H JlHJJJH CMeiOTCH, BCTpeqaH, M BCTpenHoe conmie Bdaex. TopH^ee h npaßoe,
BOflpHT MeHH.
CTpaHa BCTaěT co cnaBOio HaBcipewy aha!
(E. Kopmvioe)
Xoqy, hto6 rpOM BeceHHHH 6bui, MtoGw floxcflb npo3paMHbrik jthji, ^TOÖbi nojiHOH qaiiieň Ebuio cnacTbe Hame, H mo6 KaaQibrii roBOpHJi: H He Bepio, mo SbrBaei
Y JIIOÖBH KOpOTKHH BOC,
JXayKQ BpeMH oTciynaei, Ecjih cqacTJiHB qejioBeic.
(M. Prôuhuh)
ynpaxHeHHe 19. npoMHTaATe npenjiOHteHHJi.
^to 3TO? KaK eró omecTBO? ITpOH3HecHTe OTHeiriHBO. JJ,OKnájj«wK HaxoflqHBO OTBenán Ha Bonpocbi. Moň 6paT Ji'éTMHK. Kyroí BemKHy.
YnpajKHeHHe 20. ľípoqHTaítTe npeflnoKeHH«, b bum mu Te h npoH3HecMTe cjio Ba, coflepacaiuHe 3ByK [m'] . OnpeneJiHTe ranbi HK.
KnKraeBäH BOflá qncTa h npo3pá*ma. Bwepa BéqepOM r 3axonnn Ha nóqiy. ^epHbiň mhmjík noKaiáncÄ h ynán b pyqéň. 3to qeíí Mírq? B qáuiKe ^m, oh óqeHb rop>wh. J\a&. cnn^kh. ÍIocTáBb qáíÍHHK. Pewa TeqeT oneHb öwcTpo. EpaT ý^HTcn Ha roiiHMHbix 3aóqHbix Kypcax. MajibMHK qHTáei. J^éBOMica ýnHT ypÓK. IIoMeMy MOJi^Hiub?
ynpajKHeHMe 21. npocjiyuiaHTe BbicKa3biBaHHfl boctomhhx iio3tob, BwnenH-xe cnoBa co 3ByKOM [m']. ľloBTopHTe Hx, cjieAHTe 3a npoH3Hoiiiehhcm npyrax uiHníHUHx 3ByKOB.
KycKa Tbi He HaňneHib, He xiionoqa. 3aMKa He oTonpeuib tm 6e3 KJiicraa.
(Caüudo)
144
To, mo Tbi, mos 6paT, cTapeň mchh,
3HaHHT JIH, HTO Tbl MYflpeH MeHH?
Kto pomneT Ha cbohx y^HTeneü, Jip.fi Tex b CTO pa3 yqeHbe TH^ceneH.
ifPupdoycü)
He BCHKHH, kto Teöe OKa^ceT qecTb, Tboh flpyr, iwi n,py»c6a cBHTa h incra, He b KaacnoH paKOBHHe ^KeKmyr ecTb — B HHbix öbmaeT nycTOTa.
(ÄMUp Xocpoe)
Jlen coBepuiaTb He Hano qyaoiMH pyicaMH. He oTbicKaTb HaM icnana <ry>KHMH pyKaMH.
(HU30MU)
HaneiiTbCJi Ha Hbe-To MHjiocepnbe N Hh k qeMy.
He jiyquie Jib b nene npoHBHTb ycepnbe CaMOMy?
(Ctutdu)
YflAPEHI/IE B nWOnbHblX 0OPMAX Ynapeime b npiraacTHHX
1. JteHCTBHTejibHbie npHHacTHH HacTOHmero BpeMeHH Ha -muH ot maronOB I cnpaaceHHa coxpaHJiioT ynapeHHe 3-ro jraua mhotkqctbeHHO-ro HHCJia: pucytoT — pucywinuü, crapewT — cTapewuiuü, Touyr — Tonyrnuů; ot rjiarojiOB II cnpnaceHHii — coxpairaioT ynapeHHe hhc|)hhh-THBa: MoawTb — MO/mdmuü, ctoAtö — cmÁmuů.
Hckji ro i e h h e : AWÖUTb - nwönmuü, nenúrb - aéwwuů.
2. CTpanaTeJibHbie npH^acTHH HacTOHmero BpeMeHH Ha -mmíí noffm-híhotch TaKOMy ace npaBHny, KaK h nna npH^acTHH Ha -ihhh (cM.n.l) HanpHMep, ot rnarojiOB I cnpJDKemiH: /iwöuTb — /iwouMbiü, capi-
UlüTb — CJlbllUUMblÜ.
3. flencTBHTejibHbie npnqacTHÄ npomenuiero BpeMeHH Ha -bhjhh, -ihhh, oÔbiqHO coxpaHÄioT ynapeHHe HH^HHHTHBa: cKa3dn - cKd3de-uiuü, nponuTüTb — npoHUTaeiuuü, CMorpeTb — cMorpéeuiuů, KynuTb -Kynueuiuü.
EcJIH HHCJ)HHHTHB HMeeT Cy4>(J)hkc -tm, TO B npHWaCTHflX, 06pa30-
BaHHbix ot 3THX raaronOB, npoHcxonHT cnBHr yaapeHHH Ha ojjhh cnor k Haqajiy cnoBa: omecm — oměcutuů, npuno/i3iu — npun6/i3iuuü.
4. CTpanaTeJibHbie npH^acTHH npomenniero BpeMeHH Ha -hhmh, o6pa30BaHHbm ot maronOB Ha -aTb(-HTb) oöbumo hmciot cnBHr yna-peHHH Ha npenbiayiuHH cnor: nanucdrb — mnucauHbiü, npomiraTb -
145
npoHurauHbiü; KynuTb — KyrmeuHbiü (ecJiH ynapeHHe b hhc^hhhthbe naaaeT Ha oKOHHaHHe).
Ecjih )Ke rnarojibi Ha -aTb (-ÄTb) hmciot ynaperoie Ha ocHOBe, to 3TO ynaperoie coxpäHHeTCH h b npHHaciHH: 3aKomuTb - 3axómeH-Hbiü, u3pacxódoeaTb — u3pacx6doeaHHbiü, npodyMCLTb — npoôyMan-
HbtU.
5. CTpaaaTenbHbie npH^acran npouiemuero BpeMeHH Ha -TbW co-xpaHHíOT ynapeHwe 4>opM npomefliiiero BpeMeHH: chh/i ~ chÁtmu, hcuiÚji — HanuTbiü, nponén — nponerbiü.
Ecjih npH^acrae o6pa3yeTCH ot niarojiOB c yflapaeivibiM cycJxpHK-coM -ny, yjj,apeHHe nepeABuraeTCfl Ha oahh cnor k Hawiy oiOBa: co-
MKHy/l — cÓmKHyTblÜ, 3dTKHyjl - 3ÜTKHyTblü. ECJIH >Ke Cy(p4>HKC -Hy
HeyjiapBeMbiH, to npHiacTHfl coxpaHHioT yaapeHHe rjiarojia npomeA-uiero BpeMeHH: 3ax/iÔnHy/i — 3axn6nnyTbiü, 3aöeunyn — 3adeuHyTbiü.
6. KpaTKHe ($>opMbi cTpaflaTeJibHbix npHHacTHÜ HeKOTopbix rnaro-jiOB HMeioT cnBHT yAapeHHH c ochobw Ha OKOH^aHne b (ipopMax >tceHc-Koro poj],a: cÓ3dan - co3dana, co3eaH — co36aHa, npudan — npudana.
YnapeHue b neenpHqacTHHX
1. JJeenpHHacTHH, o6pa30BaHHbie ot rnarojiOB c Henon,BH>KHbiM yirapeHHeM npH noMOiim cy(p(pHKCOB -a (-h) coxpaHHioT yaapeHne 3-ro JiHua mho>KecTBeHHoro HHCJia pucýwr - pucýn, 6oaÍk>t — ôonen, m-páfoi — uepax, necyi — necÁ.
2. XJeenpHMacTHH, o6pa30BaHHwe ot rjiarojia c HenoflBroKHbiM yiiapeHKeM npn noMomH cycJx^HKcoB -b, -bluh, -luh, coxpaHHioT yaape-HHe HHĺpHHHTMBa: uanucaTb - nanucáe, HaznyTbcx — naznyemucb.
3. ß AeenpHqacTHHx — Hapemiflx Ha -yw, -ww ynapeHHe na/jaeT Ha rnacHbiň nepea cy(J)(|)hkc0m: Kpadynucb, yMe'mnu, uzpäiom.
ynpa»HcHHe 22. Ot cneayioiimx maroJioB o6pa3yÜTe fleflCTBHTentHwe npn-qacTHÄ HacTOiimero BpeMeHH no jjaHHOMy o6pa3Uy.
O 6 p a 3 e ix: eepuTb — eépjir — eepxmuü
CTOHTb,    3aHHMaTbCH, KpH^Tb, MOJI M 3Tb, TOBOpHTb, nOBTOpflTb,
cnopHTb, 6enerTb, cnpauiHBaTb, nncaTb, oöe^aTb, nepeBOflHTb, cMeflTbCfl, KpacH^Tb, noKynaTb, cTaperb, OTBeqaTb, cBeTJierTb, pHCOBaib, yMeTb,
3HaTb, BJianéTb, ASTb, BCTaßaTb, BHAeTb.
ynpa>KHeHHe 23. Ot naHHbix marojioB o6pa3yňTe fleftcTBHTeJimbie npH^ac-THH npouiemuero BpeMeHH.
O 6 p a 3 e h: Kynán — Kynueiuuü
OlBeTHTb,   KOHMHTb,   CfleJiaTb,   CKa3£lTb,  npOWTIT^Tb, 3HaTb, nOBTO-
pHTb, HanncaTb, OTAaTb, BCTaTb, AOcrarnyTb, 3aHHMaTbCfl, MOjiqaTb, ne-
peBOAHTb, TOBOpHTb, HCKľáTb, CHAeTb, CMOTpeTb, BHAdb, OTAaTb, 3aMe-HHTb, nOÔeAHTb, AOÖHBaTbCH, BCnOMHHTb, 3a6bITb,
146
ynpavKHeHHe 24. Ot cjieayKiuitx rnaronoB o6pa3yfiTe cTpanaTejiiHMe npa-qacTHÄ HacToamero BpeMeHH no naHHOMy o6pa3uy.
O 6 p a 3 e n: opeaHu3oeärb - opzanu3yeM — opzauu3yeMuü.
BcnoMHHaTb, 3a6biBaTb, npOBonjÍTb, nocbiJiaTb, nepeBOflHTb, mo-QnJiHSOBáTb, aiaKOBaTb, HHTaTb, BbinojiHHTb, pa3bicKHBaTb, nepecKa3bi-BaTfa, nepen^JibfflaTb, 3aKaHHHBaTb, npocMáipHBaTb.
ynpajKHeHHe 25. 06pa3yfiTe ot niaroJioB, ctoäuihx b cKOÔKax, CTpanaTejife-Hue npHqacTHH nponjenmero BpeMeHH npH noMoiuH cycpcpHKCOB -hh- h -eHH-. OnpeflenHTe ranbi hk, npaBHJibHo hhtohhp yftre h x.
BpeMH, (npoeecTu) b KpbiMy, mu He 3a6yneM HHKorna. Mw BOUUIH b KOMHaiy, cJiaôo (oceeruTb) ojihoh cBenoň. JJepeBwi, {noca-duTb) b npoiiinoM ron,y, BbipocJiH h OKperoiH. IlHCbMa, (nocsiarb) b cy660Ty, mw He nojiyMHJiH. AnbruiHHCTy nOMor KanaT, {ßpocuTb) to-BapHmaMH. Cny^aňHO (ynecm) KHHra 6buia MHe B03BpaineHa. GioBa, (cKd3aTb) TOBapHmeM, 3anoMHHJiHCb Hanpjiro. PaöoTa, (ebinojimiTb) cTyneHTOM, OTJiHHanacb rnyOHHoň conepacaHHH. PyKonncn, (oônapy-miTb) b TaňHHKax, OKa3anncb neHHbiM HCTopHqecKHM MaiepnajioM. noBecTH, (hanucdTb) nncaTeneM b nocnenHne rojjbi >kh3hh, ocoÔeHHO HHiepecHbi.   H nojiymn nocbinicy, (ornpaeuTb) ÔpaTOM b qeTBepr.
ynpajKHeHHe 26. IlpoHHTaiiTe npeflnojKeHHH, cnenHie 3a ynaperaieM npHqac-raň c cy<p(pHKcoM -t. Onpen,ejiHTe ranbi HK.
KoctiÓm, ciHHTbiH(cwwyz) k npař3flHHKy, oqeHb acJx^eKTeH. Mbi pe-1UHJ1H oßcynHTb y>Ke npHHSToe (npuHsui) pememie. [TpHMcaTbiH (npu-Maa) k cTeHe, h He Mor noineBenbHyTbCH. IlecHH, nponeTaH(«po«^í) lOHOuieH, 6buiá npeKpácHa. HocHJibiuHK c TpyjjpM nocTan neMOftáH, 33nBHHyTbiH {3ddeunyn) b ýron. Iiojibi, HaTěpTbie (HdTép) no ojiecKa, T3K h cBepicánH. Eró KpénKO CHcaTbie (cotccui) rýobi roBOpHJín o peiim-TeJibHOCTH. náBeji uieji c rópnp nonHirroii (nôdHfui) ronoBoň. ^aň, BbinHTbiH (ßbinua) HaMH c ynoBOnbCTBHeM, 6bin npHroTOBneH no ocó-6oMy penemy.
YnpaiKHeHHe 27. npowHTattTe, cneuHTe 3a yaapeHHeM,
PaccKa3biBafl, nepemiTbiBaa, ciapaacb, pa3roBapHBan, nepeBonn, coňflfl, BoňflH, Hrpaa, roBopn, nenan, HeHaBHJifl, npbiran, BCTpeqaacb, KpacHea, cTapen, npÖHBajicb, Bxonn, pa3o6naqan, cooömaa, Kynancb, CMymaflcb, 4HTan, ônenHeíi, npOH3HOcn, pafxmn, CTpeMncb, co3flaBan.
ynpajKHeHHe 28. Ot naHHbix rnaronoB o6pa3yftTe aeenpHqacraa npn noMO-
UIH CytpípHKCOB -B, -BUIH.
íloBepHyTbCH, nocMOTpeib, noBepHTb, no3BOHHTb, HarnyTbcfl, ne-pe^HTaTb, paccKa3aTb, cooomnib, BepHyibcH, HaimcaTb, noÔenHTb, y3-HaTb, no3HaKOMHTbCH, npbimyTb, npoÔeacaTb, CAenaTb, BCTpeiHTbCH, oÖMaHyTb, npnexaTb, npocMOTpeTb,   paccnHTaTbca, nonyHHTb, oinpa-
BHTb, B3ÄTb.
147
YnpaiKHeHMe 29. 3anomhhtc HaHöojiee ynoTpeoHTenKHbie KpaTKHe crpana-TeJifcHbie npHMacTwa c nepeMemeHHeM ynaperaia b (popMax »eHCKororo po na.
Co3flaH, co3AaHá, cÓ3aaHO, cÓ3naHbi.
ß3HT, B3HTa, B3HTO, B3HTW.
IlpóflaH, npoflaHa, npoflaHO, npóflaHbi. HanaT, Hanaiá, HaqaTO, Há^iaTbi.
IIpHHflT, npHHHTa, npHHHTO, npHHHTbl.
npóacHT, npoacHTa, npó>KHTO, npójKHTbi.
YnpaxcHeHHe 30. npocjiymaÄTe, npoHKTaftTe, npaBHnbHo aKueHTHpyiíTe nptt-qacraa h aeenpH^acTHÄ, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HoiueHHeM 3ByKOB  [>k, i', m', m].
Me^Tbi KHnflT; b yMe, nojj,aBJieHHOM tockoh,
TeCHHTCH Tfl>KKHX flyM H30bIT0K... H npH3paK MHJIblH, pOKOBOH,
TeÔH yBHfleB, 3a6biBaio...
(A. TlyuiKUH)
... IleCTpeJlH KOBpaMH nOKpbITbie BbKJKH,
M měji, Konbixancb, KaK b MOpe qeJiHOK, BepôJiioA 3a BepôjiionpM, B3pbiBaa necoK.
* * *
rioraG no3T! — HeBOjibHHK necTH -Flan, OKJieBeTaHHbiH mojiboh,
C CBHH3IOM B rpyjJH H C HCaHCflOH MeCTH, IlOHHKHyB ropnou rOJlOBOil! ...
(M. JlepMOHToé)
Ot JIHKyTOIimX, npa3flHO OOJITaWIAHX,
06arpHK»mMx pyKH b KpoBH VBtjjyL MeHH b CTaH norHÖaroiiTHx 3a BejiHKOe neno jik»6bh.
{K HeKpacoe)
Beiep npHxoflfliJjMH, yxon^niniň, BeiomHH 6e36pe)KHOCTbK) MopcKoň ...
EcTb JIH TOT, KTO 3TOH flaMH CUflmeH CTOpOaCHT nOKOH?
{H. B y huh)
MhOTO BHfleBIJJHH, MHO TO 3HaBHIHH, 3HaBIHHH HeHaBHCTb H JIIOÔOBb, B CG HMeB IHHH, BCě nO Te pHB IHHH,
H onHTb Bce HauieAiHHň b hob b. BKyc y3HaBiuHH Bcero 3eMHoro
M AO ÄCH3HH acaAHbUi OJJuTb,
148
OôJiaflaromHň bccm h CHOBa Bcě 60HIUHHCH noTepHTb.
(JJ. Kedpuu)
ynOTPEBDEHME HK-3 n MK-4
B nOBECTBOBATEJlbHOM nPEflJlO>KEHMM
(nPOAOJDKEHME)
Ynpa>KHeHHe 31. ľlpomiTaHTe OTpbiBOK H3 noBecTH H. B. Foronji „Crapo-CBeTCKHe noMeiuHKH". npaBHJibHO hHTOHHpyťíTe npefliio>KeHHH. ripoH3HecHTe eme pa3 cnoBa, conep^aiime 3ByKH [>k, ui, úi', q'].
KÓMHaTbl nOMHKa, B KOTOpOM HOÜIH HaillH CTapHHKH, ÖblJTH Ma-
neHbKHe, HH3eHbKHe, Kaiaie oöbiKHOBeHHO BCTpenáioTCfl y CTapocBeV CKHx monéň. B Káa<npH kÓmusltq 6buiá orpOMHan ne»n», 3aHHMaBinaji noHTH TpéTbKt ^acTb eé. KoMHaTKH 3th SbiJiH yacácHO Teiuibí, noTOMý hto h A4>aHacHM HßaHOBHH" h nynbxepHH MBaHOBHa óqeHb jhoöhxih len-nOTy.
Ho caMoe 3aMeqaTejibHoe b npMe — 6btnH noroírme nßepH. KaK TOjibKo HacTynino yTpo, nemie nBepéH pa3naBáriocb no Bceiviý flOMy... flßepb, Beflýman b cnánbHio, néna caMbiM lóneubKUM nncKaHTOM; jjjBepb b cTonoByio xpnnéna ÖacoM; ho Ta, KOTOpa 6biná b ceHHx, H3na-Bana KaKÓň-TO CTpáHHbiň jj,pe6e3»cámHH h BMecTe c TeM CTOHyiuHň
3ByK.
ynpaMCHeHHe 32. npocnymaHTe h npomrraHTe a<popH3Mbi na Tetviy „npHpona h nejiOBeK", cneflMTe 3a npaBHJibHbiM hhto hh poBaHH e m (ppa3 h n poM 3HomeiiM e m 3ByKOB [m, ui, m\ q1].
CnacTbe — 3to 6biTb c npHponoň, BHneTb eS, roBopHTb c Heň
(JI. To/ictou)
npHpona — BenHbiH o6pa3eu HCKyccTBa, a BenHHaninHH h 6na-roponHeňmHO npenMeT b npHpone  — sto nenoBeic (B. Eesiuu-
CKUÜ) .
KaK BejíHKHH xyflO>khhk, npHpona yMeeT h c HeÖonbiirHMH cpencT-BaMH npcTHraTb bcjihkhx 3(|>(peKT0B (ľ. ľeiiHe).
npHpona Bbime HCKyccTBa (B. IIIeKcnup).
npHpona — TBOpeu, Bcex TBOpuoB (B. rěre).
Hano HMeTb He TOJibKO rna3, ho h BHyTpemie wyBCTBOBaTb npHpo-Ay, Hano cnbiinaTb ee My3biKy h npOHHKaTbca eé thuthhoh. (M. Jleeu-ran).
PacTeHHe — nocpenHHK Mečeny hc6om h 3eMnéň. Oho HCTHHHbiH IlpoMeTeň, noxHTHBiiiHH oroHb c He6a (K. TuMupR3ee).
Jleca — sto He TonbKO yicpaniemie 3eMXiH, ee BenHKonenHbiň h ynn-BHTenbHbiň HapRri... Jleca — BenH^aňuiHe hctomhhkh 3nppoBbfl h baox-HOBeHbH (JI. JJeoHoe).
149
noKa jiionH He 3HawT chji npHponw, ohh cneno noA^HHioTCii hm, a pa3 ohh y3HajiH hx, Torna cham npHponti noflqHHmoTCfl aioham (jT. Tlnexauoe).
Henb3H flonycTHTb, hto6h JiionH HanpaBJinjiH Ha CBoe co6ctbeHHoe ymMToacemie Te cnflbi npHponti, KOTopwe ohh cyMenn OTKpwTb h no-
KOpHTb (0. jKoJlUO-KwpÚ) .
3eMJiH flon>KHa 6wTb flOCTOima qenoBeKa, h hjih toto, qroobi OHa Sbina BnojiHe AOCToima ero, qenoBeK npjmeH ycTpaHBaTb 3eMJiio TaK
7KĚ 3a60TJIHB0, KaK OH npHBBIK yCTpaHBaTb CBOe »CHJIbe, CBOH flOM (Aŕ. ľopbKUU) .
Korna h roBopio o 3amHTe npHpoflw, to HMeio b BHjry He TonbKO npaKTH^ecKyio, ho h MOpajibHyio cTOpoHy aioro nena jjjir MonoAe'HCH. Ecjih xoTHTe, sto pa3TOBop o BocnHiaHHH ... npaKTHHecKoro naTpH0TH3-Ma (JI. JleoHoe).
Hanp oxpaHHTb npnpony bo Bcex eé" BHflax. OxpaHHTb npeKpacHbiň pyccKHH neň3a»c — mo cwrpan h HrpaeT orpOMHyio poitb b <^opMHpOBa-hhh xapaKiepa pyccKoro napofla (K. JJaycToecKuu).
Kor^a h cjibiury, KaK myMHT moh moaoaoh nee, noca^cemaiä moh-mh pyKaMH, h co3Haio, HTO lOiHMaT hcmhokko h b Moeň BnacTH h *ito ecnH iepe3 Tbicnqy neT qenoBeK 6yAeT c*iacTnHB, to b stom hcmhojícko 6yjj,y BHHOBaT h h (A. Mexoe).
YnpajKHeHHe 33. ripocnymaňTe h npowTaftTe TeKcr, cneflHTe 3a HHTOHaimeft, npoBenjiTe mieHeHHe Ha cHHTarMbi, onpeaejiHTe thüm HK.
... Co BpeMeHH no^capa CMoneHCKa Ha^anacb Boihia, He noAXOAfl-man hh noA KaKHe npeacmie npenamiH bohh.
HanoneoH qyBCTBOBan sto, h c caMoro toto BpeMeHH, Korfla oh b npaBHnbHOH no3e (JiexTOBamíH oCTaHobhach b MocKBe h bmccto mna-ra npOTHBHHKa yBHflen noAHJiTyio HaA co6oh AyÖHHy, oh He nepecTaBan »canoBaTbCii KyTy30By h HMnepaTOpy AjieKcaHApy Ha to, mto BOHHa Be-nacb npOTHBHO BceM npaBHnaM (KaK 6yATO cyinecTByioT KaKHe-TO npa-BHJia Ann Toro, HTOÖbi yÖHBaTb nioAeö) <... >
,H,y6HHa HapOAHoň bohhm nonHiuiacb co Been cBoeň rpo3Hoö h Be-AH^ecTBeHHOH CHAOH h, He cnpamHBan HHHbHx BKycoB h npaBHfl, c rny-noH npocTOToii, ho c nenecoo6pa3HOCTbio, He pa3ÖHpan inwero, noAHH-Manacb, onycKanacb h rB03flHna <|)pamry30B flo Tex nop, noKa He no-raôno Bcé* HauiecTBHe.
H 6naro to My Hapony, KOTopbiň b MHHyTy HcnwTaHHn, He cnpa-LUHBan o tom, KaK no npaBHnaM nocTynann Apyrne b noAo6Hbix cny-ianx, c npocroTOÖ h nerKocTbio nonHHMaeT nepByio nonaBuiyiocn ny-ÖHHy h rB03HHT ero AO Tex nop, noKa b flyme ero qyBCTBO ocKopöne-hhh h MecTH He 3aMeHHTCK npe3peHHeM H HCanOCTbK).
(JI. TOflCTOU)
150
Ynpa>KHeHHe 34. npomiTaHTe OTptiBOK H3 CTHXOTBOpeHHH A. Qera. Onpene-jiHTe THUM HK. CneflMie 3a npon3HomeHHeM [v] h ht.
!Ito TaKoe nem» Hjib bök Ilepefl Tom, <rro 6ecicoHeHHo? XoTb He BeneH qenoBeK, To, mto BeMHo, — nejioBeHHo.
ynpaxaieHHe 35. npowraßTe TeKCT, cflenaftTe HHTOHauHOHHyio pa3MeTKy. BbiflenHxe cnoßa co 3BynaMH [>k, ui, Ei', q'].
Bcex HJieHOB ceMbH K. MapKca oöbenHHHJio öojibiuoe qyBCTBO
JTpySKO'bl H B3aHMOnOHHM3HHH. IIpH BCßH CBOÖH 3aHflTOCTH K. MapKC
Bcerna Haxonnji BpeMfl hjih fleieö: oh jiioöhji rOBOpHTb c hhmh, MUTaTb
KHHFH, HrpaTb B pa3Hbie Hrpbl. OjJHHM H3 JIK)6HMbIX 3aHHTHH CeMbH
MapKca 6büiH oTBerbi Kaacnpro Ha ojjhh h Te ace Bonpocw. flonepH MapKca npoHHTajiH b OTBeiaxoTua:
Hto ßbi öofibuie eceeo ueuure e ajoömx?
— npocTOTy.
Baiuao tau hu Ten bnan hepra ?
— Eahhctbo uejiH.
Barne npedcraaneuue o cnacne?
— Eopböa.
Baute nwÖuMoe 3anHTue?
— PblTbCH B KHHraX.
Bauiu jiwÖUMbie no3Tbi ?
— ÜleKcnnp, 3cxhji, Teie. Baut nwöuMbiü eepoü?
~ CnapiaK.
Baute jitoGuMoe U3penehue?
— „Hhhto »lejioBeMecKoe MHe He ny>Kn,o".
A bot hto npomiTaji Kapn MapKC b OTBeTax CBoen CTapuieÄ npMepH )KeHHH:
9ro 8bi ÖOAbute eceao ueuuTe e awöhx?
— TyMaHHocTb.
Baute AfoÖUMoe 3aHxrue?
— ^TeHne.
Baut nwöuMbiü no3T?
— IlIeKCÜHp.
Baute AfoöuMoe U3penenue?
— „Eynb BepeH caMOMy ce6e". Baut AtoöuMbiü deeu3?
— „Bce 3a ojJHoro, ojjhh 3a Bcex".
151
y P O K N° 13
3ByK [uj.
BE3yflAPHblE M CJlAEOyflAPflEMblE CJIOBA. MHTOHAUMfl ľlPH nEPEHMCJlEHMM,
3BYK [u]
ConiacHbiH [u] b pyccKOM H3biKe BCerna b nioobö no3jniHH TBčp-nbiň 3ByK. ByKBbi e, h nocne u. He o6o3HaqaK)T ero mbtkocth h npOH3-hochtoi KaK oTKpbiTbtíí [e] h [bi]: ue/i, uupK. ByKBa [bi] nocne u, nraueTCH TojibKo b oKOHnaHHHx: ozypubi, otuu (3a HCKjnoHeHHeM cjiob libiaan, uun/iěHOK, m ubinoHKax).
ApTHKynflHHH  [11]  cjioacHaíi, 0Ha Ha^HHaeTCH sjieivieHTOM [t] ,
T. e. CMblHKOH KOH^HKa H3bIKa H BepXHHX 3y60B. ÍIOJI HanOpOM b03-
nyiiiHOH cTpyn cMbi*n<a nepexonHT b wejib, pacKpbiBaacb cbhctíiihhm 3jieMeHTOM [c]. KpaH H3biKa npHtfcaTM k ôokobum 3y6aM. Vyôhi nao
CHBHbl.
3byx [u,] b pyccKOM H3biKe npoH3HocHTCH He TOjibKO Ha Mecre 6yKBbi u, ho h npH HeKOTopwx coqeTaHHHx corjiacHbix. Hy^cHo 3anoM-HHTb cjienyiomHe cnyqaH:
— OKOHMaHHe HHCJDHHHTHBa -TbCH (CMeRTbCx) B B03BpaTHbIX TJiarO-naX npOH3HOCHTCH KaK  [tUTj] hj1h [iTb], T. e. KaK [íl] c flpJirHM 3aTBO-
poM. TaK >Ke npoH3H0CHTCH oKOHqaHHe -tch b 4>opMax marojioB 3—ro jiHua (3aHUMaeTCH, 3aHUMawTCsi);
— Ha Mecre co^eTamiH tc h nc nepefl cornacHbiMH Ha CTbiKe Mop-(J)OJiorHqecKHx MacTeťi cnoBa npoH3HocHTCH [iij: coee [11] kuů, cpe [u] Tßo (coeeTCKuů, cpedcreo);
— b coMeTaHHHX ac b Hcxofle cjtob, npoH3HocnTCH [h] (Kucjio-eodcx), a b coqeTaHHH au b qHcnHTejibHbix npoH3HOCHTCH [h] (Tpuhad-uaTb).
CrrenyeT ynejiflTb ocoôbe BHHMaHHe npoH3HoiueHHK» hhoH3biHHbix cnoB Ha -UHH ipeeoiDouuH, opza.HU3a.uua, rne  [11] npOH3HOCHTCfl
TBÔpAO) .
YnpawHeHHe 1. CnyiuaÄTe h noBTOpatiTe. HmaHTe.
Ua-ua, uo-uo, iry-uy, w-m, ue-ue, ua-ue, Hp-ny, uh-um, ue-uH, iiy-Hbi, up-na, uH-uo, itm-iim, iibi-uy.
YnpaiKHeHHe 2. CnymafiTe, noBTopíiftTe cnoBa c coieTaHHHMH ue, um, ubi.
Uex, ueji, uejibiH, npHueji, Hemp, paciieHKa, o jiHiie, ueHHbiH, npoiieHTbi, b KoHue, aKueHT, ueHbi, uepKOBb, uenKHÍí, inipK, UHqbpa, UHKJioH, HHTaTa, UHJiHHjrp, irHTa«ejib, MOJioflubi, oTiibi, KOHirbi, orypiibi,
OOHIIbl, Ky3HeiIbI, ÔOpUbl, CKBOpHbl.
lál
ynpaxmeHMe 3. npoH3HecHTe cnoBa, oKanwiBaiomHecH 3ByxoM [u].
KoHeii, oTeu,, 3aaii, Mecaii, orypeii, MOJioneii, Kyneii, roHeii, naneii, jieHHBeii, HBopeii.
YnpaiKHeHHe 4. OryiiiaHTe h npoM3HecHTe cnoBa c ccmexaHHeM -uhh. PeBoniouHH, jieKUHH, HauH0KajiH3auHH, ipanHUHfl, 3JiCKTpn(j)HKa-
UHfl, n03HUH», KOMMyHHKaUHJI, aiHTaUHH, KOHCyjTbTaiíHÄ, AeMOHCTpa-
UHÄ, npoKJiaMauHH, koHesepeHUHfl, KarmTyjiaivia, ciamma, oprainm-UHH, KjiaccH4>HKamiÄ> AejierauHH, HjuiiocTpauHH, nponyKima, HH<j)op-Mamia, peaKUHH, MexaramuHH.
ynpaiKHeHHe 5. CnyuiaHTe, noBTopnííTe cnoBa c ooqeiaHHÄMH u,a, uo, uy.
Uaruifl, iiapb, uapcKHÜ, Kyrma, orná, CBHHua, orypiia, obňua, koh-ua, 6opua, cKBopna, MOJiorma;
KpbJJIblK), nHCbMeUO, 6OHU.OM, OOpHOM, CBHHHOM, OrypJJDM, KOH-UOM, KyUUOM, CKBOpUOM, OTĽ.OM, CBHHĽ,OBbIM, nyrmoBbiH;
UYM, omy, k Kpbuibuy, obňuy, 6opiiy, CBHHiry, CKBopuy, mojioj*
uy
YnpattHeHHe 6. npoMHTaftre oTpbraoK H3 6acHH M. KpbUioBa. BbmHuiHTe
cnoBa co 3ByK0M [u],
JTHCHUa BHffHT Cbip, JTHCHJiy Cblp ruieHHJi.
ILnyTOBKa k nepeBy Ha ubino^Kax nonxónHT ... „CnoH, CBeTHK, He CTbinHCb! *Íto excenH, cecTpHua, npH KpacoTe TaKÓií h neTb tw MaerepHu,a, — Benb Tbi 6 y Hac obrna uapb-nTHua!
YnpaiKHeHHe 7. n po 4M Tai* Te npennoaceHHH. CnenHTe sa npoH3HomcHHeM cjioB, conep*;amHx coqeTaHHH [u] c cornacHbiMH. OnpenejíHTe innbi HK.
JjBeTbi Ha CToné. Peica' IjHa. 3to icaicáa cTáHUHa? Tbi nonneiin» na KOHiíépr? KoHiíépT bo JtBopue cb&aoB. y Kyprá cónbHbiH aKueirr b npoH3HouiéHHH. OHJibM UBeTHOH? KoHeu, MapTa. 3to Ham oÓhmíih. Teoe HpáBHTca nosMa „Min/ipn"? Jlowiw KHiíry no KOHua, TpeSubi Hanerná Ha Běcna. Eopirbi BbíiujiH na apeHy inípica. Tópubi cHfleJiH y KocTpá. 3HaMeHocnjbi rópnp Hecnn 3HaM*éHa. Oién 3úm>i pa6o-TaeT cnécapeM. upHOJiHacáeTca KOHeu, rona. 3ámi 6énbiň: ceifaác
3HMa.
ynpaiKHeHue 8. CnyiiiaHTe,noBTopÄHTe cnoBa c coMeTaHHÄMH tch ac EjiaroponcTBo, cpencTBo, GoraTCTBO, canoBoncTBo, HacjieflCTBO,
COBeTCKHH» fleTCKHH, TOpOflCKOH, 6paTCKHH, pOflCTBO, JjeTCTBO.
ynpa>KHeHHe 9. CnyiuaňTe, no b to p ah Te, npaBHJimo npoH3HocHTe BbifleneH-
Hbie oo ICTaHHÄ TU H JM, flC
)Kejie3HOBoncK, KnenoBOflCK, oma, oTuenHTb, npaimaTb, TpHfluaTb, ABeHanuaTb, ôparua.
153
YnpaTKHeHHe 10. CnyuiaňTe h npoMHTaflTe npennoMcemui. Cnenjrre 3a npoH> HomeHHeM -uch h -tcíj b niarojiax.
BpaT 3aHHMaeTca. EMy He CHflHTCfl npMa. MapHa Bečeno CMeČTCíi. JIpy3ba AoroBopHJiHCB BcrpeTHibca. npHiirnocb BepnyrbCH. HBaH yBjíeKaeTCH cnopTOM. IIoe3n Čbicrpo m^htch. He Hano neHHTbCH. Haflo xopomo yMHTbCH. npHneTCH ocTaibca. nepBbrii Kype copeBHyeTCíi
00 BTOpbIM.
YnpaíKHeHHe 11. ITpocnyuiařÍTe, cnejjHTe 3a npOH3HOiueHHeM    cjihTenlhm x:
onHHHanrjBTb iuecTHafluaTb
nBeHafmaTb ceMHannaTb
TpHHafluaTb BoceMHafluaTb
HempHaaiiaTb fleBHTHafluaTb
nflTHawiaxb nBamiaTb
YnpaxcHeHHe 12. ITpocnymaňTe oxpiiBKH H3 coBeTCKHx neceH h CTHxoTBope-hmíí. BbiraniiHTe cnoBa co 3ByicoM [u] Ha MecTe 6yKBbi u h GyKBOcoweTaHHft tch, Tbcfl, ac. ripoiHTaňTe HX.
Kto npHBbiK 3a nočeny 6opoTbCH, C HaMH BMede nycKaň 3anoěT: „Kto Bečen, tot CMeěTcfl, Kto xoMeT ~ tot np6běTCH, Kto HuieT — tot Bcerna HaňflčT!"
(B. JleČeóee-KyMau)
A flopora nanbine mmhtch —
HbUIHTCH,
KnyĎHTCH.
A KpyTOM 3eMT[fl flblMHTCfl —
^y>Kan 3eMJifl.
Ctoht Ha cTpaMce Tpy6bi 3aBoncKHe, M Hafl KpeMněM paccBeTa cHHeBa... Hafle>Kfla MHpa, cepnne Bceň Pocchh, MocKBa — cTonnua, moh MocKBa.
JlK)6HTb!
HaaeHTbcn h *cnaTb.
PHflHTbCB, rHeBaTbCH, MeTaTbca, B thiuh 06HHCeHH0 pblflaTb Hnb Heo6HflHHBO CMeHTbCH...
(JI. OutaHUH)
(E. MojiMciToecKiiŮ)
(JI. Baciwbeeá)
154
ynpaxHeHHe 13. OiyiuaÄTe, cneaHxe 3a npoH3HoiiieHHeM coueTaHHft -tch, .Tbcfl. IlpoH3HecHTe cnoBa caMOCTOÄTenbHo.
HBJiflTbCfl — HBJifleTCH npeBpaiuaTbca — npeBpauiaeTCH
Ha3bIBaTbCH — Ha3bIBaeTCH B03BpaUJ,aTbCfl — B03BpauiaeTCH
Ha^HHaTbCH - HaHHHaeTca 3aHHMaTbca — 3aHHMaeTca
CMCHTbCH — CMeěTCH O CyilieCTBJIHTbCfl — ocymecTBJiaeTca yjibiöaTbCH — yjibi6aeTCH pa3BneKaTbca — pa3BJieKaeicH
ynpa>KeHeHHe 14. npotümfiTe craxoTBOpeHHe, cnejjjiTe 3a npoH3HOiueHHeM BWfleJieHHbix cjioB, naflre hx b TpaHCKpHiiuHH.
C Beqepa Bee oihtch, Ha nBopé TeMHo. JIhct cyxOH b an h tch, HoHbK) Bérep 3jihtch,
JXa CTyHHT b okho.
(A. Oer)
BbéTCJi
ýjimia — 3 Men.
BAOHb 3MČH.
yjfflua
— MOJI.
J],OMa
— MOM.
(B. MasiKoecKuu)
ynpaxcHemie 15- IIpoHHTaBTe npeflnoaceHHa, npaBHJimo npon3HOCHTe 3Byx [ii], CnenHTe 3a penyKitfieH rnacHbix.
Oiuá HeT A^Ma. B ueirrpe cTaporo ropoAKa ôbUiá iiepKOBb. Bot ueHHbie 6yMára. íl BH5Ky cKBopua. Tbi CMOTpéji 4»uibM ,JIpd. ôbňuá"? Mbi HcxoAHJTH rópoA H3 Komia b KOHeii. B 30onápKe a bhacji uánnio. BwHAeuib Ha KpbuibAo' — nonyHHuib iiHCbMeuo. TpeHep nonouien
k ÖOpAaM. nOHAÖM b ITHpK? Mbl C OTUíSm y>Ke 6bIJIH b IHĺpKC Bbl MOJlOAAbl. Ot MOpÓ3a meKH CTajlH CBHHUOBblMH. EOHH.bI 1UJ1H B ÖOH.
Héôo noKpbriTO cbhhuobbiMH TyqaMH. CKBopnjbi xopomó noioT B
CKBOpeHHHKe HaA KpbUIbU.OM.
ynpaacHeHMe 16. IlpocnyiiiaHTe craxoraopeHHe, b tmu luh Te cnoBa co SByKOM
[u] j npOH3HeCHTe HX. TlpOMHTaftTe CTHXOTBOpeHHe.
CTAPAfl MEJIbHMllA
HeT, He 6e3AejibHHna
cTapaa MejibHHiia, ^ecTHo OHa OTpaôoTajia BeK.
155
„Bce nepeMeneTCH.."
— nyMana MenbHHna, — Bcě' nepeMeHHTcfl!
— 3Han nejiOBeic. Hbime Ha OTflbixe cTapan MenwiHua, MefliieHHO chhtch 6binbie BeKa, Ejie LueBejiHTOi, ejie ineBenHTcn Kpbüibfl cKpnnyMHe y BeTpnica.
JTaCTOmCH MHpHbie B MeJIbHHHe CeJIHTCH, JlHCTbH neTaK)t C OCCHHHX BepUJJÍH...
— Mbi c6epe>KeM Te6n, CTapan MenbHHna, ,TJo6paH 6a6yuiKa yMHwx MamHH.
(A. Crpouno)
BE3YflAPHblE
H CJlABOyflAPflEMblE CflOBA
B pyccKOM H3biKe HMeioTCH 6e3yaapHbie h cnaobynapneMbie cnoBa. K 6e3yja;apHbiM cJiOBaM othochtch Öonbinan nacTb cny>Ke6Hbix cnoB h HaciHii. IlpennorH oÖwnHO CTOHT nepen 3HaMeHaienbHbiMH cnoBaMH, a qacTHUbi — nočné, 3a HCKJiioHeHHeM Hacmn He h hh. HanpMep: na [Hb] crone, nod [iTbjj;] ctojiom, nod [m>n] MocKeoü, ko [k a j mhÍ, ot [at] MapHH,cú [ca] mhÓů, cKaxcá-Ka [kt>], kto-to [tt>] oh otce [acb], oréu eedb [bVt*] ne [HHe] 3Hán, ne [hhö] eúden, [HHe] c kcm.
B HeKOTopbix coneTaHHHx npennorH Ha, 3a, noa, no, H3, 6e3 npH-HHMaioT Ha ceön ynapeHHe, h Torna cnenyiomee 3a hhm caMOCTOHTenb-Hoe cnoBO n pH 3Ho cht ch 6e3 ynapeHHH. 3anoMHHTe:3ŕf pyKy, m zopy, na 3uMy, 3d noey, 3anoHb, nod pyxy, nod zopy, no Mopw, no ne-cy, 6e3 eecru, nac ot wcy, zod ot zody.
OöbiHHo b npenno>KeHHH nacTHUbi He (oTpHuaTenbHan) h hh (ycH-nHTenbHan) 6bmaK»t 6e3ynapHbiMH, ho HHorna ohh „nepeTHniBaioT" Ha ce6n ynapeHHe. 3anoMHHTe:«/ b~bui, némui, hÍ dan, kuk 6bi to hÚ obuto, zde 6bi to hu obrno.
B OTpHnaTenbHbix MecTOHMeHKHx, OTfleněHHbix ot He h hh npenno-raMH, ynapeHHe nanaeT Ha OTpHuaHHe He, a Macnnia hh Bcerna 6bmaeT HeynapjieMOH, HanpHMep: ni c KeM, ví hu c kÍm, hí k KOMy h hu k KOMy, Cnenyei noMHHTb, mto nacTHUbi na h Hy Bceraa 6bn*aioT 6e3-yaapHbíMH, HanpHMep: Hy CKamt. Xífl oreemü Me naKOHeu!
HeKOTopbie jjBycno>KHbie h TpexcnojKHbie coio3bi HnpennorH Kpo-Me, MeoKáy, neped, nocae, mumo, okoao, eoKpyz, ecau, norOMy hto, KOTOpbiů, Kozáa, 6ydm, c/ioeno HMeioT ynapeHHe, ho oho oneHb cna-6oe, TaKHe cnoBa Ha3biBaioTCH cnaooynapaeMbiMH. Jíjir cpaBHeHHH mojkho npoaKneHTHpoBaTb Hape^HH, ynoTpeönneMbie KaK caMOCTOH-TenbHbie cnoBa, h npennoni, o6pa30BaHHwe ot 3thx Hape^hž:
I5f ,
Oh cuduT HanpÓTue. AeTOÖyc npoexan mu mo.
Oh cuduT HanpoTue Mená. Aewöyc npoexan  mumo 3aeôda.
B HeKOTopbix cny^aax naace 3HaMeHaTenbHbie cnoBa Moryr 6biTb cnaooynapaeMbiMH, HanpHMep, rnarojiw-cBH3KH (ÔbtTb, crarb) h mm~ Hbie MecTOHMeHHH: Epar 6bui xydoxcmixoM. Oh ctoji 3HaMenuTbiM.
OienyeT y^HTbiBaTb, hto onHocnoacHbie coio3bi to-to h ho7 xoth h He HMeioT ynapemia, HHKorna He penyirHpyíoTca: Mbi môojiu, ho [ho] oTeu ne npuexan. JJoctosihho cjibiwcuicx to [to] luyM eerpa, to [to] KpuKu we K.
ynpaxHeime 17. CnyiuaHxe, noBTOpaÖTe, cneflHTe 3a ynapeioieM.
Ha cTOjie, no BOK3ajia, o MocKBe, bo npope, 060 MHe; non,MocK-boh, non TaMôoBOM, non, neciHHueii, non, OpnoM, non htom; H3-non. ejiKH, H3-nofl CTona, H3-non, aiuHKa, H3-non, hockh; Han, ctohom, Han noneM, Han, oKeaHOM, Haa okhom, Han, Mockboh; 6e3 okoh, 6e3 anpeca, 6e3 o6ena, 6e3 hmchh, 6e3 wHpMbi; 4epe3 neiib, iepe3 oiceaH, wepe3 none, qepe3 mc\ h3 JleHHHrpana, h3 BopoHeaca, H3 Oneccbi, 6jih3 cena, H3 HHCTHTyTa; 6JTH3 npMa, 6riH3 ropona, 6jth3 ncKOBa, 6jih3 cana, 6jih3 OpeHÖypra; cKB03b oroHb, cKB03b nnaivia, cKB03b Ty^H, cKB03b oßnaKa.
ynpaMCHeHHe 18. npOH3HecHTe h 3anoMHHTe.
no nony H3 necy Ó3 noMy nórj, ropy non pyicy nó necy
nO MOpK)
3a ropon, 3a ron
3& 3HMy
3aneTO
3a HOHb
3a neHb
3a JXBZ
3a ronoBy 3a yiiiH 3a hoc 3a cnHHy 3a ho ry 3a pyKy 3a BonocM
Ha 3 h My hÍ rofl Há Hoqb Ha n,eHb Há Hory Há pyKy Ha cTeHy
Ynpa»rHeHMe 19. *lHTaftTe, npocneaHTe, hto bjihäct Ha cflBHr ynapeHHü.
tÍ3 flOMy — H3 CBoero npMa n(5n ropy — non, KpyTyio ropy nón. pyKy — non npaByio pyScy no necy — no BceMy necy
3a neio — 3a KOpoTKoe n éro 3a Hoqb — 3a uenyio HOMb 3a neHb — 3a Becb neHb H3 necy — h3 rycToro neca
YnpaaiHeHHe 20. npooiyiuaftre h npoTOTaňTe cTHxOTBOpeHHe, cnenjrre 3a npoH3HoineHHeM npennoroB, lacnm h cJiaôoynapjieMUX cnoB.
A nnACCMOHATA
Morynb,o 6eccMepTHbie 3ByKH, BaM cHOBa He npiwacTHTbca! no icnaBHuiaM MeiyTca pyKH, He py*KH — nse paHeHbix niHUbi.
CesiToc/iaey PuxTepy
151
Mhp, 3Haio, MaTepHaneH. Ceifaac ace oh TOJibKO nyxoBeH. ßHTaeT H3A 6ypeň poann
AyUIOH) MHTeJKHOH BeTXOBeH.
(c IHunaněe)
ynpaxceHHHe 21. ilpowTaBTe, cneffHTe 3a npoH3HouieHHeM cok)30b ho h to-to, npejjnoroB h lacnm.
HenoHHTHo cnácrbe Bame, Ho MOjiMHTe m 060 bcSm.
noeT Han po30io BocTOqHbm couobch, Ho pÓ3a MHJiafl He qyBCTByeT, He BHe'ivmeT.
* * *
Oh MOJina noKJioHHJica eö; Ho KaK-TO B3op eró onéň B bin qynno HexceH ...
Becb B^qep JleHCKHH 6bin paccéaH, To MonqanHB, to Becen BHOBb; Ho tot, kto My30K) B3neneHH, B černá TaKOB.
(A. C IlyiuKUH)
ynpajKHeHHe 22. IlpowHTaHTe, noMHHTe o penyicuHH e b qacraue He.
He 4HTán. He Kynnna. He nonroTOBWiH. He oh. He oh? He OTen. He 3Háio. He npnexan. He roBopiui. He cnbiinan. He xonn. He Hano. He HHCTHTyr. He npcTan. He cnan. He cnwuian? He HyacHO. He 6h6jiho-T^Ka. He ctoht. He 3a6ynb. He rtpocrm.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 23. ripoHHTaftTe npeflno>KeHHH, onpejjßJiHTe ranu HK, cjienHTe 3a npoH3HoiueHHeM qacTmb.
BpaT oMeHb xOTen 6m cbe3jjHTb b MocKBy. Oh Benb npocnn Te6a. He Tbi nn ooeuian? KaKOö ace tw npyr! Hy ito >Ke? TaK nn sto? 3necb JTH cronoBaa? CxonHTb 6bi b khho. KaK ace 3to cnywiocb? ^to xce ne-naTb? KaK ace ßbiTb? JJa tw He cTecHAHca. JU 3aMonqn jKe!
ynpawHeHHe 24. 05paTHTe BHHMaHMe Ha cnyqaH yAapHoro npoH3H0uieHHA
tiaCTHU He H HH.
HHKonaö Tarn He 6büi (ho: He 6bina). Mw TaiM He' 6binn. Hhkoto BOKpyr He' 6bino. AneKceň ne nan eö KHHry (ho: He nana). BpaTy He nann ornycK. Moh npyr HHKorna TaM né xcan (ho : He Jtouiá). Ponw-
158
TeflH He' xauiH b stom ropone. KaK 6w to híí 6bino, bh npnacHbi nepe-naTb 3TOT naKeT. Tfle 6w tw hh 6bin, Bcerfla iiomhh o flpyre.
YnpajKHeHHe 25. ripocnyiuaňTe h npoMHTaftxe cthxh, o6paTHxe BHHMaHHe Ha npOH3HomeHHe 00103a to - to.
3HMHHÍÍ BEqEP
BypH Mrnow Heob KpoeT, BnxpH cHeÄHbie KpyTH; To KaK 3Bepb OHa 3aBOeT, To 3annaHeT, KaK ahth, To no KpoBne oOBeTuianoň Bnpyr conoMoň 3auryMHT, To, KaK nyTHHK 3ano3n.anbiii,
K HaM B OKOLUKO 3aCTyTIHT.
(A. C ílyuiKUH)
ynpawHeHHe 26. ConocraBbTe npoH3HomeHHe h cocraBbTe c naHHbiMH coqe-TaHHHMH npennoHcemw.
Hé Ha koto — hh Ha Kord He njiH koto — hh ana koto* He 3a KeM — hh 3a k€m
He k KOMy — HH k KOMý He C KeM — hh C KeM
He or koto— hh ot koto h^ y koto — hh y Koro
YnpaacHeHHe 27. HMTairre, cjienjire 3a npoH3HomeHHeM OTpHiiaTenhhmx
MeCTOHm6hhíí B 6e3JIH«ÍHbIX H JIHIHblX npeflJIOHCeHHÄX.
Mne He c KeM nepenncbiBaTbCH. ň hh c KeM He nepenncbmaiocb. B3HTb KapaHflain He y Koro. H hh y Koro He öpana KapaHnain. MapHH He ot Koro )KflaTb nnceM. OHa naBHO hh or Koro He nonyqaeT nncbMa. He k KOMy öbino oöpaTHTbCK c BonpocoM. Mm hh k KOMy He o6pama-nncb c BonpocaMH. EMy He Ha Koro HaneHTbca. Oh hh Ha Koro He Ha-flenncH.
YnpaxcHeHHe 28. ripoqHTairre npennonceHHÄ, npaBHJibHO aKueHTHpyHTe bu-AejieHHbie cnoBa c CHJibHbiM h cna6biM ynapeHHeM.
1. CnopTCMeH npoM^ancÄ mhmo. — CnopTCMeH npoMHancjj mhmo TpHÖyHbi. 2. napK HaxonjiTCH HanpoTHB. - öapK HaxonHTca HanpoTHB LLHpKa. 3. Bee co6panHCb BOKpyr. — Bee coöpanncb BOKpyr OTiia.
YnpaxHeime 29. ľlpoiHTaÄTe cthxh, BbinejTHTe 6e3yaapHbie h cnaôoynapÄe-Mbie cnoBa.
HeT, He araT b rna3áx y Heň, Ho Bee coKpOBHUia BocTÓKa
159
He ctÓht cjiaflocTHbix nytíáô E'é nonýaeHHoro oKa.
* * *
Cpemí pacceHHHoň Mockbm,
npH TOJIKaX BHCTa H ÔOCTOHa,
npH 6anbHOMnéneTe mojibw Tbl JiióoHiiib iírpbi AnojuioHa.
* * *
CKOpo nb ÖyneT rocrwi npporan, CKOpo jih Jiyra no3ejieHewT, CKÓpo jib y KyapáBoň y 6epe3w PacnycTHTCÄ KJieňKHe jihctohkh ...
(A. C ľlyuiKUH)
TjianHT, xopomó JIH MeTéJIH JlecHbie Tponbi 3aHecnií; H HeT jih rne TpéiHHHbi, ménn; H HeT jih rne rcoioH 3eivDiií. nyiuHCTbinn cóceH BepufflHbi, KpacHB jih y30p Ha nyoax, H KperiKO jih cKcJßaHbi JibnáHbi
B BeJIHKHX h MaJIblX BOflax.
(H. HeKpacoe).
MHTOHAUMfl nPM nEPEWMC/lEHMM
B noBecTBOBaTeJibHOM npeijjiOHceHHH npH nepeMHCJieHHH ynOTpeö-jiHioTCH pasJiH^Hbie ranbi HK. öpH nepeMHCJieHHH Moryr ynoTpeôJiíiTb-ch onHHaKOBbie ranu HK h pasnwuHbie. Bwôop HK 3aBHCHT ot otho-
meHHH roBopaniero k BbicKa3bnjaHHio hjih ot KOHTeKCTa: Bot rerpadu,
eu3eTbi u HepHima.
O6o6maroin.ee cnoBO, cTOKmee nepen, nepe^HCJieHMeM, npoH3HOCHT-
1 3
ch c HK-1, HanpHMep: Ha nyzy necrpenu u_6erbi: \   pOMauiKu, \ ea-
CUJlbKU I UAK)TUKU.
B npenJiojKeHHK c 3KcnpeccHBHoň oKpacKOň npH nepeMHcneHHH MO)KeT ynoTpe6nHTbCH HK-4a. B otmwxq ot HK4, ynoTpeoJiÄfouieňcH b HeňTpanbHo-onHcaTejibHOM crane hjih b nHKTOpcKoň pewH HK-4a Bcerna Bbipa»aeT 3MOirjioHajibHocTb pem B neHTpe HK-4a Bcerna   npoHCxonHT  poBHoe noBbnueHHe TOHa pa3Hož creneiiH:
1 4* 4* 4* 4
3decb xopoiuo: \ connue, \ Mope, \ zopbi, \ npeKpacHbiu eo3dyx.
14 4íl 4*
Jlem padoeanucb ot dymu: | npuzanu, \ öeeaau, \ CMesuiucb. 160
ynpaxcHeHHe 30. npocnyuiaftre, noBTopme. CneflHTe 3a HHTOHaiiHeft npH Qn-
HOpoflHbix »uieHax npeanoaceHHÄ.
IIohah b Mara3HH i h KyxiH h6jiok, i rpym | h chhb. B Ba3e 6biriH (ppyKTw: i 6aHaHbi, | hôhokh, | anejibCHHbi | h MaHnapiiHbi. flocTaHb-Te, nomnyHCTa, I KHCTyio öyMary, I pyHKH I h KapaHnaiiiH. KaKHX pyo-CKHX nHcaTeneň bw 3Haeie? — ň 3Haio IlyujKHHa, | JlepMOHTOBa, |
4 i 4.1 1,1.
TypreHeBa, I TojicToro, I *IexoBa. Mm KyraoiH Meôejib: I cTyjibfl, I
3     j 3 . 3 4 .1
cTOJibi, I ABa imcacpa, I ABe KpoBain, I tymÖohkh I h nHBaH. B Ba3e 6bUiH UBeibi: I ipn po3w, I ABe jihjihh I h TpH nnoHa,
ynpancHemfe 31. CnyiuattTe, MHiaflTc caMocroHTenbHo, npaBHjibHo hhtohh-pyftTe (ppa3Bi c nepeiHcneHHeM.
3 i 1
CaM oh roBOpHJi npo ceoa, I hto 6bui oh TorAa <ppaHT h Kpaca-
.       a . 3 . 3
Ben,, I KpoBb c MOJioKOM, I ryôbi HMeji pyM«Hbie, I bojiocm KyApH-Bbie I h o™ coKOJiHHbie. OHa ooepHyjiacb, I ho He ocraHOBHJiacb, op Bena pyKOH lunpoKyio rojiyôyio nemy CBoeň KpyrjiOH cojiOMeHHoň LtüiHnbi, I nocMOipena Ha mühh, I thxohďko yjibiÖHyjiacb I h oiWTb ycTpeMHJia rna3a b KHHjKKy (Typeenee). BcnoMHH bcI, I hto Tbi bw-lepnena l — Bce ocKoponeroiH caMOjiioÔHH, 1 see MyqeHHH 6oh3hh...
3
(FlyuiKUH). 3ia naBOiKa I npeACTaBJiana caMoe pa3HOponHoe coöpa-
HHe AHKOBHHOK: I KapTHHbl ÖOJlblUeK) qaCTbK) GbUIH nHCaHbl MaCJIÄ-HblMH  KpaCKaMH,   I   nOKpbITbl  TěMHO-3ejlěHbIM naKOM,   !   B TCMHO-
HcějiTbix paMax. 3nMa c ôenbiMH nepeBbHMH, I coBepineHHo KpacHbiH b e ne p, noxo^cHH Ha 3apeBo noacapa, I <JwiaMaHACKHH mv>khk c Tpy6-kok»... Ho 3Aecb 6bino BHAHo npocToe TynoyMHe, I 6eccmibHaH, I ApHxnaH 6e3AapH0CTb. Te :*e KpacKH, I Ta ace Manepa... TyT 6buiH
cTapHHHbie (fjaMHHbHbie nopTpeTbi, I coBepuieHHo HeH3BecTHbie H3o6pa-
4 i   4 i'
jKemra c npopBaHHbiM xohctom, I paMKH, JiHuieHHbie no3onoTbi, I —
CJIOBOM, BCflKHH BeiXHH COp (T020Jlb) .
ynpajKHeHHe 32. npoaiyuiaftre cTHxoTBopeHHe. npoMHTaftre, cnejjHTe 3a hh-TOHaiiHeft n pH nepewcjieHHH.
CTyqHT no Kpwuie mohotohho, Be33By«iHo nbéTCH no CTeiory, BypnHT b KaHaBe h3 6eTOHa, BopMoqeT b Kanice Ha yrny,
161í
B nojiHOMHOH Mrne cbhctht Han, noneM, HlypHiHT no imcTbHM MOKpbix poni!.. Korna 6 a 6bin coôoň npBoneH, To KaK 6bi cnan non, stot noacnt.
(K BaHuteuKUH)
HOqJIEr B flEPEBHE
JlyiuHbiH B03flyx, nbiM nyqHHbi,     3aKonxenbie nanaTH,
Ilofl HoraMH cop, ^épcTBbrň xne6, Bona,
Cop Ha JiaBKax, nayTHHbi Kaiuenb  npaxn,  ruian ahthth...
IIo yrnaM y3op; O, Hyxcna, Hyacfla!
(H. HeKpacoe )
YnpajKHeHHe 33. CnyuiattTe, noBTopHBTe, cnenHre 3a HHTOHaimeň nepemi-
CJieHHH B 3MOUHOHajIbHO OKpailieHHOH pCíH.
JloMaeicH B03, I 3bchht >Kene30, I rpeMHT c6pacwBaeMbie Ha 3eM-nio flocKH... Becb Hapon, cpacraeiCH b ohho orpoMHoe MyaoBHuie: 1
44 4a A 4a 4* 4X 4*
KpHHHT, I roroMeT, I rpeMHT. IIIyM, I 6paHb, I MbmaHHe, I onearoie, i r      4* ^    i        4i
pÖB — BCÖ 3TO CJIHBaeTCH B OflHH HeCTpOHHblH TOBOp. dohm, I MeiUKH, I
4* 4a 4* Č 4* 4a 4A
ceHO, 1 iibiraHbi, I ropWKH, I 6a6bi, I npaHHKH, I luanKH I — Bcě ap-
4* 4* 4a
Ko, I necTpo, I HecTpoiíHO, I Me^erca KynaMH 1 — h cHyé'Tca nepen.
ma3aMH (roeo/ib). 4* ^
Co>fOKeHHe ropoflOB h nepeBeHb, I OTCTynneHHe nocne cpaxceHHH, I
4* 4a
y nap BoponHHa h onaib OTcryTuieHHe, I noxcap Mockbw, I noBna Ma-ponepoB, I nepeHMKa TpancnopTOB, I napTH3aHCKaa BOHHa I — Bce sto 6büio I OTCTynjieHHe 0t npaBHn (JI. Toactou).
BeceHHaa MocKBa uryMena: I oxcHBneHHbie ronoca, I paflOCTHbiň
4^ 4^ 2
CMex, I rpoxoT TpaMBaeB I — Bce" oiHBajiocb b ohho. UßeiüB tum 6wno
1 4^ 4^ 4^ 4^
MHoro: I p03M, I JTHflHH, [ rB03ffHKH, I TKwibnaHbi. UpHexaHH rOCTH H3
ť    I   4*     I  4     I 4* JTeHHHrpana, I KneBa, I Phth, 1 MnHCKa.
K   . f-    ,   «*    . 4*
í Heoo, I 3enéHbie h ch Hne neca, I nionH, I bo3bi c ropiirKaMH, I
MenbHHiibi I — Bce onpoKHHynocb, I ctohjio h xonnno BBepx HoraMH, I
He nana* b ronyôyio I npeKpacHyw 6e3řmy (Tozonb).
ynpaxcHemie 34. ripocnyuiaírre h npoHHTaftTe. Haamrre HK*4a, onpenejmTe apyrae ratu HK.
Bm cnpocHTe MeHa, oTKyaa a 6epy cboh h ach! H yjiaBJTHBaio hx Ha n o He npHponw, b necy, Ha nporynKax, b Trnimne hoto, paHHHM yr pOM, B036y5KflČHHbIH HaCTpOeHHHMH, KOTopwe y. nosra BbipajKaioTca
162
cjioBaMH, a y M6HH npeBpamaioTCJi b 3ByKH, 3ByqaT, SymyioT, noKa ne BcraHyx nepenp mhoh b BHne hot (JJ. Eerxoeen).
* * m
. . . BepTHT OTOMH TaK H CÄKJ
To k TeMH) Hx npHSKMeT, to Hx Ha xboct HaHHaceT, To hx noHioxaer, to hx nojiH^ceT...
yBHfleBiuH CnoHa, Hy Ha Hero MeraTbCH,
H JiaHTb, H BH3HCaTb, H pBaTbCH,
Hy, TaK h jie3eT b npaKy c hhm.
(H. Kpbuioe)
YnpajKHeHHe 35. npocnymafrre, npoBenjrre HHToHauHOHHyio paaMeTKy TeK-cra. npOTOTaHTe TeKcibi. B bin huh Te cjiOBa, conepacaume 3ByKH [>k, m, ľu\ <ť, u], npoH 3He cm Te hx.
„HeT, Tbi He Moxceiub Boo6pa3HTb, Hro h raM yBHnena! He 3Haio, c
qeM HanaTb, He 3HaiO, MOHCHO jih KOHMHTb! TO 6bUI HOBblH MHp, TO obrna
qyiJHaH no3Ma.
Ho MOCT HHCTblH, BbUIOUJeHHblH, KSK CTOJi; CHaCTH, 3aKpyHeHHbie
33BHTKaMH, ojiokh, cBepKaioiHHe, KaK ceprn, ceTKH, cmieTeHHbie (jpaHTacTHHeckhmh KpyxceBaMH, Men* ropnT, KaK 3ojioto; nyryH opy-jjHH, KaK CH3oe BOpoHOBo KpbDio! H noTOM — 3Ta cTpoHHaa cyeTa KpyroM.., 3T0 Heo6o3pHMoe pa3flOJibe nepeflouaMH!"
(Eecryjicee-MapjiuHCKUu)
OrpoMHbiH ryjiKHH 3an, HeoGbHTHaH cneHa. „KHH3b Hropb"! He-onHcyeMbie KpacKH neKopannô, BemmaBafl My3biKa, nojioBeuKHe iuihc-kh, apHH KomaKa, BjianHMHpa TanHitKoro, Hropa — Bee' 3TO 6buio non-TH HepeajibHo, KaK bo chc XononoK npoöHpan no cntme, cepaue KonoTHjiocb, cnoBHo npH TH^cěnoH paoore.
(Ä VuewiuxuH)
A nuni-TO b nosMe, n nm! B mok> >KH3Hb niHUbi bo mnu c aeTCTBa. BoflHji ronyöen, noBHn h nepxcaji b KJieTKax memoB, qe*iěTOK, chhhu, h cHenipeH, crponn ckbopchhh juih nepBwx BeceHHHx neBupB, noBHn b neTJiH pnÔHHKOB, BHJJBn b Taňre myxapeô, nroöiui cnyuiaTb h npoBO-xaTb B3rnHAOM yrieTaroimie Ha ror »cypaBnHHbie craHHUbi, a non KpbJ-men Hamero flOMa Bcerna cenHjiHCb sopo6bH h nacTOHKH.
(Ä Huewiuxuu)
YnpajKHeHHe 36. npoaiymattre h npoMHTaftTe crnxoTBopeHHe. Cnenjrre 3a HHToHauHeft nepeHHcneHHfl.
YHbinaH nopa! onen oqapOBaHbe! npHHTHa MHe TBOH npoiuanbHafl Kpaca —
163
JIwdjik) h nbiniHoe npnponbi yBanaHbe, B oarpen. h 30jioto oneTbie neca, B hx ceiwx BeTpa iiryM h CBOKee nbixaHbe, H Mrjioň BOJiHHCToio noKpbiTbi He6eca, H penKMÍí cojiHua jiyw, h nepBbie MOp03hi, H oTnanéHHbie cenou 3Hmm yrpo3bi.
(A. C IJyuiKUH)
yPOK íř 14
COHIACHblH [P] (TBĚPflblfl).
npon3HOLUEHiiE rpynn cornACHbix.
ACCMMMJlRTMBHAfl MflTKOCTb COr/IACHblX.
PEflyKu.ua r/iACHbix [bi, li, y].
YAAPEHME B CJlOWHblX CJIOBAX M ABBPEBUATyPAX. nflTAfl MHTOHAHMOHHAfl KOHCTPyKUMfl (MK-5)
COmACHblPi [P] (TBĚPflblfi)
CornacHbiH [p] — coHopHbEH flpo>KaiiiHH 3Byx. IIpH ero apraKyna-UHH cpenHHH iacTb ctihhkh H3biKa onyiiieHa, ílkthbho paooiaeT kohhhk H3biKa: oh HanpaacěH, BHGpHpyeT y ocHOBamifl BepxHHx 3y6oB, He 3a-rH6aacb Ha3afl. Kpaa H3biKa npH^caibi k ookobmm 3y6aM. TyGbi h 3y6w pacKpbiTw, HeMHoro BHneH íomk.
YnpaiKHeHHe 1. CnymaítTe, noBTOpHHTe.
p-p-p, pa-pa, po-po, py-py, pu-pu, pwp, pap, pop, pyp, pwpa, papa, popo, pypy, paH, doh, pwH, pyH.
YnpaMCHeHHe 2. CnymaňTe, npoH3HecnTe cnoBa c coieTaHHeM pa.
Paivia, paHo, paHa, pana, panna, panno, npaBo, rpaMOTa, HpaBH, cnpaBa, TpaBbi, cpa3y, xpaSpbiň, npaBna, KpacKH, KpacHbifl, 6paT, OBpar, 6paK, <|)pa3a, ropa, nopa, Kypá, flo6pa, Bwepa, Ypan, Hopa, Kopa, cbipa, 4>apa, KHpa, ^opa, napa, Hiopa, paSoia, Tpaicrop, TpaH-cnopT, TpaMBaň, Bpaxcna.
ynpaxcHeHHe 3. CnyuiattTe, npoH3HecHTe cnoBa c coqeraHHeM py.
PyxH, Tpya TpynHbiH, pyccKHii, pynb, pýflbí, py&ib, py*flca, rpynb, Kpyr, apyr, yTipyrHH, npyi, npyn, 4>pyKT, 3aMpyT, OTonpy, Kopy, Hopy, Kypy, ropy, Bnopy, 4»apy, jrapy, Hiopy, cwpy.
164
ynpasKeHMe 4. npoqHTanTe npennoaceHHJi. Oieame 3a npoH3HouieHneM [p].
KÓpa pána. RaňTe cbípy. Kypá Gwcrpa. Hopa floGpá. y rrySa ynpy-raa Kopá. Peicá IIpyT KrjacHBa. 3to^moh 6paT, a Što — flpyr. )Kene3Hbie pýjjbi floČbiBawT Ha ypane. JIioflH flo6poií bÓjth xotht MHpa. HaM nopá, a BaM eině paHo. EjpaK b paooTe. Bot ra3eTa „npáBfla". KpacHBwe KpácKH. Hiópa CKa3ana npáBfly. 3to tboh pý*nca? OpyKTbi BKycHLi. OnycTH pyKK. BHflHiiib cnpaBa Kypy? Kpyr BonpócoB. Paoora Hann-caHa rpaMOTHO, Xpa6pbiň bohh. Cnýinaií páflHO. Cpar3y BbiKjiioqaH cj)ápy. Bot oBpár. HnKaK He oTonpý 33mÓk.
ynpajKHeiuie 5. CjiyuiaftTe, noBTopHHTe cnoBa c coqeTaiuieM po.
POB, CTDOH, CTpOHKa, pOT, pOK, pOTa, pOT, pOfl, pOCT, pOM, rpOM,
poHb, poacb, po3a, poc, porrHHa, pooibrň, poBHbiň, nopoK, ypoK, nopo-na, naponb, Hapofl, 6apoH, BOpoHa, KopoBa, flopora, Cbipoň, Mopo3, nopor, crpoň, nopoň, cecrpoň, HaKpoíí, copoica, Bonpoc, cdok, cpo* Hbrii, neppoH, repoň, nopox. \
ynpaxcHeHHe 6. Gnymaftre, noBTopflttre cnoBa c coqeTaHHeM pw.
Pbl6a, pblHOK,   pblCb, pbUI, pbDKHÍÍ, KpbIIIia, KpbIM, Kpbica, Kpbl-
jiwi, npwraTb, rpbi3, nopbiB, napbiB, 3apbm, HaKpbin, inapw, Kocrpbi, KOMapw, iuaTpbi, MariHpbi, y ropbi, y Hopbi, okojio Kypbi, cwpw, napw, TeaTpbi, c})apbi, TOBapbi, y Kiiapbi.
YnpajKHeHMe 7. FIpoqHTaHTe npennoHcemiH, cnenHTe 3a npOH3HomeHHeM [p].
CnopTCMeH nepenpbirHyji dob. BopoHa KapKHyjia bo Bce BopÓHbe rópno {Kpu/ioe). CiinbHbiH MopóV 3HMa b KpbiMy Cbipaa. Mopc$3 h conHue — rj,eHb qynecHbiň! (IJyuiKuH). Mm c cecrpoň acnánH Ha neppo-He. y iuaTpoB norácjiH Kocrpbi. Kapn y Knápbi yKpán KopáruiM (cko-pozoeopKo). Ilopá, nopá - porá TpySnT (IJyuiKitH). Mmuiohok rpw3 3epHa y Hopbí. CopOKa h BopoHa — nimibi. KopoBbi Ha nopóVe. Pmhchh kot Ha Kpbiiue. Ha pbiHKe mhÓto pw6bi. Pw6aKH y Kypbi. Ecrb po3a ffHBHan: 0Ha ... uBeTér, pyMHHa h nMnmá (IJyiuKUH). H nnpy nocBsnún Hapony cBoeivrý. Bbrrb MÓaceT, a y~Mpý, HeB^npMMH eivrý (HeKpacoe). Y pwcH ócTpbie kotth. no flopdre 3HMHeií, cKyqHoň TpdňKa fxfpsaa 6e->kht (IlyiuKUH). He nbuiHT fl,op6ra, He flpoacaTnHCTbí... (JlepMOHToe). TpoM rpoxáneT. Bot oxBaTbmaeT Beiep cráH bojih... h SpocáeT hx c pa3Maxa..., pa36HBaa b ribijib h 6pbi3rH H3yMpýnHbie rpoMa/Jbi (M. ropbKuú). HeT y Bac pónHHbi, mj BaM H3rHámiH (JJep-MOHToe). nopá, moh flpyr, nopá! noKoa cépflne npocHT... (IJyui-km).
YnpajKHeHMe 8. CnyiuaňTe, noBTopKftxe cnoBa c KOHemn>iM [p].
Bop, 6ap, Bop, flap, nap, acap, >KHp, cop, map, Mop, rop, flBOp, Hop, 4)aP> 3arap, 3a6bp, OTBap, no3op, Tpaicrop, MOTop, flOHop, yKop,
165
Haôop, Tonop, TeaTp, cMOTp, jíHTp, ueHTp, MeTp, öapoMdp, kh-
nOMeTp,    TepMOMCTp,    CaHTHMeTp,    THrp,   4)HJIbTp,   Kaap, KOMap,
OTB ap.
YnpaxcHeHHe 9. CnyiuaňTe, noBTopflÜTe cJioBa, coflepjKaiime [p] b coMera-HHflx c npyrHMH corjiacHMMH.
CepAne, ropubi, ôepicyT, BopKOBaTb, napran, nepBbiň, noapyra, HOKTiopH, napTa, nepnaMyip, napnaMemr, cicpbin, Bpan, OTpaacemie, Měp3HyTb, uiapJiaTaH, KoHcepBbi, noKpbiTHe, aep>KaBa, xcHpHbiH, 6pbi3-
TH, H3yMpyfl, MpatfflbDi, pByTCH, CpblBaTb, ÖpOCHTb, npopoK, KOppeK-
Top, KopMHTb, opnbi, opHaMeHT, napruTypa, perwcTpaTypa, nonpyra, y Kocrpa» MepKHyTb, cep6w, cepBHpoBaTb, Kopac, Bopnaib, oTpoK, Ca-TypH, pBaTb, MOKpbiH, ropno, napTa, napran, öypjiHT, KaTopra, cpa3y, Hé'pcTBbiň, b pyice, c ponHHbi, b pony, c paôbTbi, H3 pa6cTBa, c pbiobií, c po3oň, b pyne, h3 paHbi.
ynpasKHeHHe 10. npooiyuiaöTe h npoTOTaííTe otpmbkh HS craxoTBopeHHtt B. B. MajiKOBcKoro. CneflHTe 3a npoH3HouieHHeM 3Byna [p].
MOH CTHX
TpynoM
rpOMany nei npopB&r
H ÄBHTCH
BeCOMO,
rpyôb,
3pHMO,
KaK B Hailffl HHH
Bomén BOflonpoBoiJt, Cpa 6o TaHHbiň emé'
paoaMH PHMa.
* * *
)KH3Hb npeKpácHa
H
yflHBHTejibHa.
JleT no crá
pacni
HaM
6e3 CTapocTH. To a OT roAa
pacni
Hauieii ooApocTH.
166
ynpajKHeHHe 11. ľlpoMHTaftTe těkct. BbnrauiHTe h npOH3HecHTe crioBa co 3syKOM [p], aiejjjrre 3a matko ctbio cornacHbix.
b HAiüEH rpynnE
y Hac rpýnna HefxwibiuáH, ho npyacHiifl. BMecre co mhoh 3aHHMa-IOTCH BeHrpw, Ôonrapbi h pyMbiHw. Moň flpyr IllaHAop paccKa3biBaei q cBoeS cxpaHe. TaM cBooojjHbiii Hapon. co3JjaěT HOByio >KH3Hb.
fí paccKa3biBaK) IÜaHnppy npo Háiiiy ponHHy, npo eě npocrxípbi, ro-pbi, MopH, 03*épa, creim h neca. Mm paooTaeM jípýjKHo: BM^cre 3aHH-MáeMCH, nepeBOflHM, MHTaeM. BeqepaMH HHorná cmotphm cpmibMbi b npociópHOM 3áne Háiuero KHHOTeáTpa.
YnpajKHeHHe 12. ripowraÄTe. BbinnuiHTe cnoBa co3ByKOM [p], npoH3HecH* Te hx.
Be3yMCTBO xpaßpwx — bot MynpocTb hch3hh! (Af. ľopbKuu). BynbTe crpácTHbi b Bameň paoOTe h b BaujHX HCKáHHax (M. Flaejioe). He cjiýuiaHTe mucorna Tex, kto roBopiÍT nýpHo o ApyrÄx h xopouió o Bac (JI. TojicTou). npocTOTa*. Bot K&iecTBO, Korópoe h íKenajo npH-oôpecTH oonbtue Bcex npyníx (JI. To/icroů). )KH3Hb npeKpícHa, >KH3Hb — BejraqecTBeHHoe, HeyKpoTHMoe nBHHceHHe ko BceóoineMy cqacTMO, páflocTH.,. (Af. ľopbKuu). BcHKaa XH3Hb, xoponió npo>KHTaH, ecTb nojiraíi )KH3Hb (Jleompdo da Bumú). EcTb MepTBeiibi, b KOTopbix 6Ójibiue ÄH3HH, weM b >khbmx. Ho ecTb h KHBb'ie, KOTOpbie Mepraee
BCÄKHX MepTBeUOB (P Po/Vläh) .
YnpaiKHeHHe 13. HannuíHTe TpaHCKpramnio cne/jyiomHX cjiob:
xpa6pwx, paôbTe, nypHo, xoporno, npocTOTa, npynix, b KOTopwx
YnpajKHeHHe 14. IIpocnyuiaHTe h npowiaHTe oTpbiBKH H3 npoH3BeneHHfl A. C riyuiKHHa. CnoBa, coflepMcamne [p], npOHSHecHTe eme pa3.
Bce criHT KpyroM; ojjhh naMnanw Bo MpaKe xpaMa 3ojiotät Ctojhiob rpaHHTHbie rpoManti...
* * *
Oh BHflHT cyMpawbiH KypraH, y hot JlioflMHnbi criHT PycnaH, H xoflHT KOHb BOKpyr KypraHa. OapnacJ) c 6oh3Hhio dihaht; B hSm cepnue 3aMepno, npoaoiT, H3 xnanHbix pyx y3ny poHneT...
* * *
HacTana Ho*n>. Hhkto bo rpane Oqeň 6eccoHHbix He CMbucaji;
167
IHyMH, TecHHJTHCb Bee npyr k npyry;
0 Hyae bchkhh TOJIKOBajI j
Mnanpö cynpyr cboh) cynpyry B CBeiJIHUe CKpOMHOH 3a6biBaji,
Ynpa>KHeHHe IS. npocjiyurairre cthxotb operne. HaftoHTe cnoBa, conep>Ka-uiHe 3ByK [p], npoH3HecHTe hx. npomiTafrre crnxoTBOpeHHe.
O, Pocchh, c HejierKOH cynbôoio crpaHa, y Me hü Tbi, Pocchh, Kaie cepnne, onna. H h Apyry cKajKy, cicaacy h Bpary -Be3 TeoH, Kax 6e3 cepaua, npojKHTb He Mory!
(10. Bpyuuna) npon3HoiuEHME rpynn COrJIACHblX.
ACCMMHXlflTMBHAfl MflľKOCTb COHiACHblX
npH cTeqeHHH HecKOJibKHx oomacHbix nocjie/TyroiuHH mhtkhh corn a cHbrii MOXceT CMHrnaTb npejJbinyiHHH comacHbiň.
3anoMHHTe Hanobnee ciaÖHjibHbie cnynaH CMHPieHHH comacHbix
B COBpeMeHHOM pyCCKOM H3bIKe.
ComacHbie [3] h [c] nepen. mhtkhmh 3y6nbiMH [h n\ t']
[cV] — crenb, Becra, BecTHÖKWib, rocro [3'fl*] — 3flecb, rB03jJH, rpy3AH [c'h'J — chat b, CHer, bo čně
[3*H'j — K33HHTb, KQJIX03HHK, ÔOH3Hb, >KH3Hb
CorjiacHbiH [h] nepea mhtkhmh 3yÖHbiMH [h\ a', t']
[h'h'] — CTpaHHHK, pOACTBeHHHK, 06 AHHe
[hV] — SaHTHK, rapaHTHH, Moirre'p [h'a'] - KOHflHTep, HHneeii., KaHnHaaT
CorjiacHbiH [h] nepea mhtkhmh [ítiT]
[H'H'] — KOHHHK, CTyaemeCKHH, KapMaHRHK [h'ÜY] - >KeHUTHHa, ÖapaÖaHlUHK, OÖMaiflUHK
CoraacHbie [t] h [a] nepea mhtkhm [h]
CoqeTaHHH m H TM npOH3HOCHTCH B eflHHOH apraKyJIHHHH: H3HK
noahhmaetch KBepxy cpenHeň qacTbio, KaK npn npoH3HeceHHH [t'] h BMecTe c TeM npjüKHMaeTCH k anbBeonaM KaK npn npoH3HeceHHH [h'] . npHneran nnoTHo k BepxHeMy He6y, h3Wk „npHTHTHBaeT" HeÔHyio 3a-HaßecKy, nosTOMy npH pa3MbiKaHHH opraHOB penu B03nyx npoxoflHT Hepe3 hoc C TaKoň apiHKynnuMeH npOH3HocHxcH Taiaie cnoBa, KaK
168
nxTHUua, nnoTHUK, 3adHuü, npouuiozodHUÜ, nac/iednuK, odmt, dnu, or nezo, nad Heeoü h np.
ynpajKHeroie 16. Cjiymaírre, noBTOpaňTe.
HlecTb, ycHH, 6one3HB, Be3fle, BMecre, BecTH6iojib, koctíom, necn», KJiacTb, rocTb, MecTb, Mecn», CTeHa, crem>, CBeioia, CHcreivia, Hecra, Be-
CTH, nyCTHTb, rOCTHTb.
ynpaxcHeHHe 17. ľlpocnyiiiafrre h npowraftTe npenjio>KeHHH. OioBa c accH-
mhjihthbhoh MHTKOCTbHJ 3ByKOB [c, 3] npOH3H6CHTC emé' pa3.
H npHHecna npGpbie bccth. Cmotphtc, 3necb rpy3ľJH! Benoror> cKafl KpenocTb HaxonHJiacb b copoica Bepcrax ot OpeHÔypra. ľtocne npaKH KynaicaMH He Maur/T (noc/ioeuua). Bo3Jie npMa KOJioneii, JlHCTbfl noíKejiTejTH. Hafl nponocrbio npoTaHyjiH KaHax. Tm hhtuji ary noBecTb o KpecTbHHax? B36ecnnacb BeflbMa 3Jiaa h, CHery 3axBaTat nycTHjia, yôeraa, b npeicpacHoe hhth... BecHe h ropa mžíjio: yMbinaca b b cnery... (Tjoruee),
BecTHÔioJib 6biii 6ojibLuoií h CBexnbiň. To erb 6bui b qépHOM koctto-mc Ero MbicjiH omjih 3äHHTbi 6bne3HbH). Bepera Mecrb CMonony (no-cjioeuifa). noiiflSM npMOH BMecTe. PaccKaaceiin» 06 stom nocne. B >kh3-hh Bcerna ecrb Mecro norjBHraM (M. ľopbKuu). Cienb na crenb Kpy-roM, nyrb nane'ic jiokht, b toh creraí rnyxoii 3aMep3an hmiuhk (u3 ho-pÔHou necHu). Manbim yjibrôanca bo chc BeK He 3aôyny BaiHHx mhjio-creň (üyiuKuh). Tocth cbesacajracb Ha nany (IlyuiKUH), He3HaKOMeri chäji nanbTo. H racHer Lmei, h 3ByK HeMeer (Twivee). Mm ac, Jiencoe rmeMfl, UBeTé'm h ojiecTHM h KpaiKoe BpeMa Ha cynbax tocthm (7>or-nee).
ynpaiKHeHHe 16. IIpomuafire npenjio>KeHHfl h3 noBecra H. TypreHeBa „Fiep-Baa jhoSobb". HaftjjHTe cnoBa c -accHMHJíHTHBHoň MÄrKOCTblo cornacHbix [3, c],
H He Mor paccTaibCH c Heio, He cKa3aB en nocjiénHero npocTH. Ä npHHieji c BaMH npocTHTbca. Be3 Becra nponáji. H nycTHjica Baien. 3i hhm. O t peKH Hecno HenpHHTHOH cMpocTbH). H KaK Tenepb BH^cy eťf nrnjo... c OTneqaTKOM rpycTH. Oh 3anýMajica h onycTiín roxiOBy, Bot
3TO JlIOÖdBb» 3TO CTpaCTb! CTpáHHMH H CTpálHHblH COH MHe npHCHHJICÄ
b 3Ty caMyio h 0*0». ,fl,Ba Mecarja cnycTar a nocTyriHJi b ymiBepcHTeT. Oi MOjioflocTb! MonoflocTb! Te6e hct hh flo qero fléna, flance rpycTb TéiiMT. He BÓflena OHa panpcTH.
ynpaiKHeHHe 19. npoH3HecHTe cnoBa.
HeHaBHCTb, noBecTb, nponacTb, coBecn», CTpacTb, ^acrb, qecrb, iuepcTb, BecTb, BJiacTb, ropcTb, rpycib, 3aBHCTb, KHCTb, Kocrb, moho-AocTb, panpcTb.
169
YnpaxoieHHe 20. Cnyiuanre, noBTopaftTe cnosa c comacHbiM [h*] .
BaHTHK, KäHTHK, BHHTHK, HHTepeCHblH, KaHJJHnaT, 06 AHHe, KOH-
qHK, roHiuHK, öapaöaHuiHK, CTaKaH^mc.
ynpaacHeHHe 21. ilpocnyaiaHTe otpmbkh h3 cobctckhx neceH, npoHHTanxe,
BblfleJIHTe CnOBa c aCCHMHJIHTHBHOft MATko ctmo, npOH3HeCHTe HX.
Ax, KaK roflw neiHT,
Mw rpycTHM, cenrary 3aMe*iaii.
>KH3Hb, Tbl nOMHHUIb COJIflaT,
Ito noraojiH, TeÖH 3auffliiiafl?
(K. BanmeHKUH)
H jiioôät necHH) nepeBHH h cena, H jiK)6flT necHK) ôonbinne ropona.
(Ä Jleöedee-KyMtm)
H OT Mleciu TaKoň ropojiiocb,
Ho HHaie TKKľb HejTb3H, eCJTH
Bce 30bSt Mena ero rojioc, Bce 3ByTiHT bo MHe ero necHH.
(P. PootcôecTeencKuu)
Ynpa>KHeHHe 22. n po mm Taň Te npejmo^ceHHH. GriepHTe 3a npOH3uouieHHeM BbiAeneHHbix coqeraHHň.
HuKonáň b3hj1 cojib Ha kohmhk Hoacá. Mánia im e t qaň h3 CBoeró CTaKámHKa. HlynoÍK 3aHHTepecoBáji Mena. Moô npyr — KaiinHnáT Haýx, y fléBO^kh Bonocw CBífeaHbi 6aHTHKOM. B MaunÍHe náxno 6eioií-HOM. OrpeMOHnípyž poanb. 3necb, b ropáx, noróna H3MenqHBa h oť> MaHHHBa. Hmchhhhhk Obiji ßecen. Bce roBopiínH 06 Anne. Bot Háuie CTynemecKoe o6ine>KHTHe. Bbi CMOTpéjiH nbe'cy „Ha nne"? OÖwhho
B   Cy660THHH ßewp Bbl XOnj&JIH B KOHHH TepCKyTO. BoiDJlá MOnOfláfl
jKeHiHHHa. Tbl BHfleji (J)HJibM „noa Hé*6bM Chhhjihh?'' 3necb peMOHní-pyioT nacb'i c rapaHTHeň. PaccKa3 06 HKnimnix.
YnpaxaieHHe 23. OiyiuafiTe, noBTopHÖTe.
3anHHH, nyiHHK, npouinoronHHH, cyoooTHHň, HacnenHHK, ohhh, ahh, Ha nHe, ahcm, oTfMTb, noa He6om, ot Hero, ot HeBecrbi.
PEflyKUlHR r/lACHblX [bi, w, y]
ľnacHbie [ h, w, y] b 6e3ynapHOH iio3huhh 3BynaT KpaTKo h bjdio, HanpHMep: cyn — cyrtbi, ôbin — 6~buia, xpuK - KpuwTb, B omn^ne ot macHwx [a, o, e], KOTopbie H3MeHHK»t cboč oCHOBHoe KanecTBO Bcnefl-ciBHe penyKUHH h nosTOMy b TpaHCKpHnuroi o6o3HaqaioTCH npyniMH 3HaK3MH [a, t>, He, b], rnacHbie [w, h, y] penyuHpyíoTCH TonbKO no
170
KOjiiwecTBy. Be3ynapHbrö [h] nocne iimnHiirHx [>k, m] h 3Byica [11] npHOJTHJKaeTCH k [t>] : U4[hbl]pma, x[tbl]poeoü, 14[zbl]pKy/isi 14101.
ynpaxcHeirae 24. CnyniaňTe, noBTopÄHxe, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HoineHHeM y nap Horo h 6e3ynapHoro [y].
cyn — cynbí — cyiiOBÓň — cyrnoiK — cynHHK; oýflHT — 6yflHJibHHK — pa36ynjfre - pa36ynHxe; 6yKBa — oyKBá^pb — 6yKBar>h — a36yj<a; Kyrníxe — Kjomxe — noKynaxejib — noKynica; pyojib — pyojijf — xpexpyDJieBbiii; ny6 — nyôOK — nyöbi - AyôoBbiň; ym\i — yqy — ywre — ýraTe;
Brjiyöb — rjiyťxjKHH — myömia — rnyÖHHHbm — rjiyöace.
ynpaxcHeHHe 25. IIocTaBbTe naHHbie cymecTBHTejibHwe cHa^ana b npenno-5khom nanejKe, iiotom — b flaientHOM c npenjroroM k. CnenHTe 3a cnBHroM ynapeHH« h npoH3HomenHeM [y].
06pa3en,:Ka uiKagjý - k uiKdcßy.
Mocx, non, can, Kpaž, pHA, Jiec, oeper, 6op, Kpyr.
YnpaiKHeHHe 26. CnyuiaÄre, noBTopÄHTe, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM [h]
B pa3HtIX n03HUHHX.
KmíIHT, CBHCXHT, b THUM, CKpffilHT, chjjht, KpHXHK, nHJIH, IIpHBH-BKa,  <J)H3HK, HpHC, KymüIH, JTHpHK, CXHXH, CHHHH, XHMHK, MHTHHT.
ynpaaeHetme 27. CnymafiTe, noBTopHÖTe.
JlyxcH, yacHH, acHpoBoň, iimpoKHH, rpyuiH, MaiuHHHCT, unpicy-
JIHUHfl, UHKJ10H, CTaHHHH.
YnpaiKHeHHe 28. ITpocnyuiaHTe h npoH3HeCHTe cnoBa, conepHcairiHe [bi] b
pa3HMX n03HUHÄX.
Bbicxpo, Öbicxpee, 6bicxpoTa, 6mx, b 6wxy, 6wxoboh, Bbiuie, bh*
COKHH, BbICOXa, JJblM, ttblMHblH, HblMOK.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 29. Cnymaflre, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM 6e3ynapHoro okoh-qaHHH-wH b npHnaraTenbHHx, HanraiiHTe TpaHCKpHnumo naHHfcix cjiob.
KpacHbiü, rpoManHbiň, CTbirjjiHBbiH, BecenbiH, xpa6pbiH, hobwh, np6pbiü, OTKpbixbiH, ropnbiii.
yflAPEHME B CnO>KHblX CJIOBAX H AE5PEBHATYPAX
B pyccKOM H3WKe cnoxcHbie cnoBa h a66peBHaxypbi oöbumo npo-H3HOCHXCH c OHHHM ynapemieM, Koxopoe nanaex Ha noaienHHÖ hjih (b MHoroc3io>KHbix cjioBax) Ha npennocnenHHH cnor. HanpHMep, a66pe-BHaxypbi: komcomÓa, koaxÓ3, necxÓ3, napTKÓM, paňôu, KynbTÓpz,
ní
npo0ópat naprÓpa. Cno>KHbie cjiOBa: Jlenumpdd, Bomozpdd, eodo-npoeod, eepxo/ia3, eunoden, Mpaicooéc, /luueMep,
YnpaxcHeHHe 30. npoMHTaftre npejjjioaceHHa, cnenHTe 3a ynapemieM b a66pe-BHaTypax h cjiojkhmx cnosax.
Moo ahu# — BHHOAeji. Oh jkhbc't b Konxo3e. Ha peKe Jieflpxoji. Bot rjiaBBpaM Hameň nojiHKJiHHHKH. BpaT H3MeHHji MecTOAHTejibCTBO. Bw uaBHo H3 JTemiHrpana? B He6e caMOjiěT. Haura cTyneHTbi nmir/t 3aMeT-KH b cTeHra3eTy HHCTHTyTa. noňnu b ymiBepMar h nponMar. 3to jienp-
koji. Mbl >khbcm b HflTHrOpCKe. npHUiejI BOflOnpOBOflHHK. XopOUIO
nnei ManjHHa-Be3Aexofl. MeTpocrpoeBUbi poioT TOHHejib. Ito HapH-coBaHo Ha KapTHHKax? 3 to coKOBbiJKHMajiKa, a sto 3eMneqepnajiKa. Ha cHHMKe paiceTOHocHTejib. Topona Khchoboack h )Kejie3HOBon,cK HaxoAHTCH Ha CeBepHOM KaBKa3e.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 31. CocraBbTe aööpeBHaTypbi H3 cjienyioinHX cjiob. CnenjiTe 3a ynapeHHeM.
riapTHHHaH rpynna, creHHafl ra3eTa, cejibCKHH Mara3HH, npoflo-BonbCTBeHHbrii Mara3HH, yHHBepcajibHbiH Mara3HH, cTpoHTejibHbiH ot-pH/4, rjiaBHLiň b pan, 3aBenyioiiiHH Mara3HHOM, npoMbriiuieHHbie TOBapbi,
JieCHOe X03BHCTBO, KOHJieKTHBHOe X03HHCTBO, COK BblHCHMaeT, Jlé'fl. KO-
jieT.
YnpajKHeHMe 32. IIpoH3HecHTe cjiob a, cnenHTe 3a ynapeHHeM h penyKUHeft macHbix.
njrrHMHHyTKa,  e^ceronroiK,  paooTOcnocoöHocTb, otyxtomiimh,
MHOrOflHeBHblH, IMTHTOHHbffl, TpéxSKTHblH, MHOrOMeCTHblH, MHOTO-JieiHHH, e^CeMeCHMHblH, MHOr03Ta>KHbIH, Hie CTHMHHy THbffl, CBO6OAO-JIKDÔHBbTH,   MaiHHHOCTpOHTeJIbHbEH,   H3bIK03HaHHe, BOJIbHOJIIOÔHBblH,
MHoroMecTHbiH, oÖopoHocnocoÖHOCTb, neTbipcxMeCTHbBri( oÖnieHe-noBeHecKHH, B3amiOBbiroflHbrH,  cyflocTpoHTejibHbrH, canoBoncrBO,
JKHBOTHOBOflCTBO.
nflTAH MHTOHAUMOHHAfl KOHCTPYKUMH (l/IK-5)
HK-5 ynoTpeojiHeTCH b BOCKJimiaTejibHbix nperjjioaceHHHx npHBbh pa»ceHHH ŠMOUHOHajibHo OKpauieHHOH oueHKH. OöbiHHo 3TH nrjennoace-
hhh C MeCTOHMeHHbIMH CJIOBaMHI KQ.KOÜ, KdK, CKOJlbKO.' KdKOÜ 8uô! KäK XOpOlUO! CKOJlbKO npocropa! KdKoe Heoo!
nperrynapHaa nacTb HK-5 npoH3HocHTCH Ha cpenHeM to He. Ha ynapHOH nacTH toh noBbimaeTCH Bbíme cpenHero h 3ByHHT, KaK b HK-2a. B 3aynapHož nacTH toh nponpjmaeT ynepjKHBaTbca Ha ypoBHe Bbíme cpenHero, ho b otjikhhc ot HK-4, Ha nocneuHeM yuapHOM cnore
172
cHHTarMhi nanaeT hhhcc cpenHero: Kukoů eo3dyx! CKo/ibKo npocTopa!
IlpaBHJIbHOe  HHTOHMpOBaHHe  HK-5   HeoSxOflHMO,   TaK   K3K 3TO
2
HMeeT CMHCJiopa3jTHMHTenbHoe 3HaneHHe. C p a b h h t v.KaKaa, po3a?u Kokou po3a! (KaKax po3a!)
YnpajKHeHHe 33. ílpocnyiiiaHTe, conocraBtTe nBHXceHHe TOHa npH HK-2 hHK-5
KaKHe KHHni! KaKHe khhi*h?
5 2
CKOJIbKO IIB6TOb! CKOHbKO UBeTOB?
KaKoň neHb! KaKOH uem*?
5 2
KaK 3ByiHT oprán!        KaK 3BymiT opraH?
s 2
KaK oh HrpaeTi KaK oh nrpaer?
5 2
CKOJIbKO 4>pyKT0B! CKOJIbKO (J>pyKTOB?
5 2
KaKHe cthxh! KaKHe cthxh?
5 2
KaK MBaH noěTÍ KaK HBaH noěT?
5 2
KaKoe HCKyccTBo! KaKoe HCKyccrBO?
YnpaxceHHe 34. IlpocJiyiiiaflTe npen/iojKeHMJi, noBTopHre, onpenejiHTe ueHT-
pbl MK, npaBHJILHO HHTOHHpyRTe.
KaKoň npeKpacHbiň neHb! KaK MHoro 3ejieHHÍ KaKoe cojiHue Tennoe! CKOJIbKO UBeTOB! KaK o Ha nrpaei! KaKan rnyoHHa qyBCTB! CKOJIbKO no33Hn! KaKaa peMb! HacroAmaH My3WKa!
rojrySyiiiKa, KaK xopouia!
Hy mto 3a meínca, mo 3a rna3KH!
KaKHe nepbiiiiKH! KaKoň hocok!
(H. A. Kpbi/ioe)
KaKHe 6a6o*acH, dyKauiKH, ko3hbkh, MyiincH, TapaKaiHKH! (Kpbť noe)
ynpajKHeHHe 35. ITpocnyiiiaHTe cthxh, npoiirraHTe caMOCTOHTen&HO, cnenH-Te 3a HHTOHauHeH.
KaK cjior tboh qonopeH h 6jieneH! KaK b H3o6peTeHHHx Tbi 6eneH! KaK yTOMJiHeiiib Tbi moh cjiyx!
* * *
Ho, caM npH3HaHCH, to jih neno Tna3a OjieHHHoň Moeň!
173
KaKoň 3anyMMMBbiň b hhx rerorÄ,
H CKOJlbKO neTCKOH npOCTOTbl, H CKOAbKO TO M Hb Ix Bbipa^KCHUň,
H CKOJlbKO Hern H Me^Tbl! ..
(A. C. IJyuiKuH)
YnpaiKHeHHe 36. npeo6pa3yflTe HK-2 b HK-5.
KaKoň nem.? KaKaa p03a? CKOJibKO rB03HHK? ^to 3a My3biKa? KaKHe 3ByKH? Kto npHexan? Kto tob o pH t? C kcm cnopHLUb? CKOJibKo nraii?
YnpajKHeHMe 37. IIpocJiyuiaHTe, paccraBbTe HenpcraiomHe 3H3km nperiHHa-
HKH.
KaKHe HBeTbi — Bejibie.
KaKHe iTBexbi — JXa, BejíHKOjienHhie.
Kto npHHiéji — Moií 6paT.
Kto npHLueji — KaKaa panpcTb!
KaKoň a3biK — PyccKHň.
KaKoň a3WK — IIpocTO My3WKa.
CKOJlbKO p03 - TpH IHTyKH.
CKOJibKo po3 — H TaKoro eiiié He Bjtuen.
ynpaaaieHHe 38. n po hm Ta Irre nnanor, cnenHTe 3a n po H 3HO uiqhuc m 3ByKa [p] h Mar km x co m a ch bi x.
Y BPAMA
— ,D,Ó6pbHÍ aeHb, flOKTOp.
— 3n,paBcTByHTe, npoxonnie, noKanyöcTa. CanHTecb. Ha mto tkÍ-nyerecb?
— y MeHa Kaiuenb, HacMopK, ronoBa ôojtht.
— KaKaa TeMnepaTypa?
— HeBbicoKaa: TpBginaTb ce\n> h TpH.
— Pa3flém»Tecb no nóaca. JJbniniTe. Xopoino. He nbiiimTe. OTKpoň-Te dot. y Bac Karáp BepxHHx HBixáTeJibHbix nyTeö. Bot peuenT Ha ne-KapcTBa, a áxo 6ojibHHmibrH nncT. 3aKa>KHTe b anrege nopoirncií h npH-HHMaňTe no OflHOMý TpH pá3a b nem>. Ha rpynt Ha höht. nocTaBbTe rop-
HHMHHKH.
— CnacHôb, n.oKTOp.
— BynbTe 3nppOBbi, no CBHnaHba.
174
y P O K N° 15
COmACHblM [př] (MflrKMÍÍ). MHTOHAUMfl BOnPOCMTEJlbHOrO nPEAJ10)KEHIiH.
yflAPEHME B CyiUECTBMTEÍlbHblX My>KCKOrO POAA (ľlOBTOPEHME)
COrJlACHblfi [p'] (MHTKHPÍ)
IIpoH3HoiiieHHe [p'] b oTJiHHHe ot [p] peanH3yexca npH nom>g-Me cpenHeô mcm ciihhkh H3biKa. Kohhhk H3biica HanpnacéH h BHÖpHpy-eT y ocHOBaHHfl BepxHHx 3y6oB, He 3arH6aacb H^an, TyÔbi pacKpbixbi, cjierKa pacTímyrbi, hx kohmhkh HeMHoro onymeHbi bhh3.
ynpaxaieHHe 1. CnyiiiaHTe, noBTOpaftTe.
P-p-p, pb-pb-pb, pa-pH, po-pe, pw-pH, p3-pe, py-pw, pn-pn, pe-pe, pH-pH, pio-pH), pS-pe; npH, epe, lopio, apa, épe, epb, npb, ropb, apb, epb, apb, opb, ypb, pnpb, piopb, papb, pepb, papb, popb, pypb, pba, pbK», pbe, pbH, pbe;  pa-pa-pbA, po-pe-pbé", pbi-pn-pbH, py-pH>pbio.
ynpa^KHenne 2. OiymaňTe, noBTOpaňxe cnoBa, conepíKauiHe coHCTaHHc pH.
PanpM, pan,, rpHHeT, paBicaxb, npaMO, Hepaxa, nopaaoic, 3apaji, cHapflo, oxpnjjtf HapHfl, c ceHxaôpa, c oicxaöpa, c HHBapa, c HoaÔpa, Hex cjiOBapa, y ceicpexapa, aicopa, ox Hropa.
YnpaiKHeHHe 3. GiyinaftTe, noBTopHHTe en ob a, conepacamHe coHeraHHe pe.
PeflOK, penbKa, nope3, cpe3, Hape3aji, BpeMH, npeMHH, npeMnex, npecHbDä, cpeiJHHH, pe^b, peiica, pena, b Hope, k awpe, b araape, b ce-nraôpe, b neicaôpe, b OKiaSpe, b Hoaöpe, peöyc, pe3KHň, peniam, BpenHo, BpenHbiH.
ynpaxcHeuHe 4. CnymaHTe, noBTOpaňTe cnoBa c coHeTamieM pH.
Phc, Phm, Pnra, Pnxa, pH<}>, ropHx, napnx, rpHM, TpHma, KpHK, KpHKHyn, npH3paK, npHMa, b Phm, h3 Phm a, cJ)OHapH, roBopHM, roBO-pH, roBopHxe, roBopHXb, npHxoxb, ox 3apn, no 3apn, npncxaHb, 3B0he-pn, cMOTpn, cyxapH, KypHib, KypH, CHerHpH, rnyxapH, ropHM, ropHT, xpH, xpHnriaxb, xpncxa, Maxepn, flo^epn, 6ypH.
ynpaxcHeime 5. lipo cny ma fire h n po Taň Te cmxoTBopeHHe, BbimuiniTe cnoBa, conepHcaiime [p'] h [p], flaftie hx b TpaHCKpHnuHH.
IlbH) 3a 3flpaBHe M3pH, Mhjioh M3pH mo eft. Thxo 3anep h JisepH
175
H onHH 6e3 rocTež Uhm 3a 3flpaBHe Mspn. Mojkho Kpauie 6biTb M3pH, Kpame MapH Moeň, 3toh MajieHbKoň nepn,
HO HeJIb3H 6bITb MHneň
Pe3BOŽ, jiacKOBOH Mapn. Eyni, >Ke cuacTJiHBa, M3pH,
COJIHIíe 5KH3HH Moeň!
Hh tockh, hm noiepH, Hh HeHacTJiHBbrx nHeň nycTb He Be/Jtaei MapH.
(A. c nyuiKUH)
ynpaxaieHHe 6. IIpocjiyinaHTe h npoH3HecHTe cnoBa, b Koxopbix [p'] coqe-TaeTCH c rnacHbiMH o, y.
PéB, cpxmapeM, OKTa6pe'M, ceHTaGpéM, HHBape-m, Hon6péM, tobo-pio, CMOTpio, pioMKa, cJwHapio, HHBapio, flBKa6pio, cyxapio, KypK), ro-pio, Kycrapio, rjiyxapio.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 7. npocnymaHTe h npo»MTaHTe oToejibHbie npennoxteinui, cnenH-Te 3a npoH3HomeHMCM [p'j.
KypHTb BpejjHo. He roBopH Maiepn. Cmotph: cHerapH. Bot my-xapH. y Phtbi Hd cnoBapa. TpÄHyn rpoM, rpoM rpeMHT. Otphjj, hačt k peKe. PeiiiH peôyc. PHTa Hape3ana penbicy h peny. B HHBape noeneM b Pnry. Chhh npnMO. B neicaôpe 6buiH 6ypn. rpninica KpHKHyn. Opén napni b BwcoTe. nocBeTH cJxJHape'M. HaBenn nopanoK, He Kypn. Ot 3a-pn no 3apn TOKyioT myxapH. npnroTOBb MHe pne h cyxapH. y Hropa oinycK c HHBapH. Pena npeMneT. íl cMOTpio Ha raxyio npncraHb. Oo-HapH emé* He ropm, Ocipbie pHcJ>bi. B Hope Tpn jmcéHKa. Bbi H3 Pnra npHexajTH? Pnie najiH nepByio npeMHio. Cnbinmiiib Kpmc? noroBopn c ceKpeTapeM.
ynpaxaieHHe 8. CnyiuaňTe, noBTopaňTe cnoBa, conepxcaume [p'] nepen, co-rJiacubiMH h b a6conioTHOM KOHue cnoBa.
3opbKa, ropbKO, 6opb6a, HKopb, Kopb, xopb, cyxapb, HHBapb, neicaôpb, HOHÔpb, OKT*i6pb, ceHTndpb, naxapb, Kyarapb, cnoBapb, Bpa-Tapb, cHerapb, myxapb, ôhôjthoTeKapb, pbmapb, Hropb, c})OHapb, ro-cynapb, 3Haxapb, HHBeirrapb, Cn6Hpb.
ynpajKHeioie 9. IlpocnyiuaHTe h npoHHxaHTe cthxh. CjienHTe 3a npomHouie-HHeM [p] h [p']. HanHiiíHTe TpaHCKpMnixHK) BbineneHHbix oiob.
B CHBHPB
Bo rny6HHe cHOHpcKHx pyn, Xparone ropnpe TepneHbc,
176
He nponanČT Bam CKop6m>m Tpyn H nyM BbicoKoe cTpeMnem>e. HecqacTbio BepHan cecrpa, HaneHCfla b Mpa«iHOM non3eMejibe Pa3ÖyflHT ÖoflpocTb h Becen be, npHjjjgT McenaHHan nopa: JIioooBb h ApyxscTBo no Bac AoHnyT CKB03b MpanHbie 3axBopbi, KaK b Baum KaTopoKHbie Hopw JJ.oxojjht moo CBODonHbrii mac. OKOBbi thhochc nanyi,
TeMHHUbl pyXHyT — H CBODOfla
Bac npHMeT paflocrao y Bxona, H ôpaTBH mqh BaM oinanyT.
(A. C ilyuiKUH)
ynpawHeHMe 10. ConocraBbTe cnosa no npoH3HouieHHK>, npaBwibHO npon3> HOCMTe [p] h [p']•
DOB — pÖB Kpyr — KpKfK
XOp — XOpb 30pKO — 30pbKa
pan — pna ropKa — ropbKo
ropa — ropH napw — napu
KpaKOB — KpÄKBa pyKH — 6pK)KH
cpoK — H3pe*K ypoK — ynpe'K
paMa — npHMO pbicb — pHc
paHO — pbflHO npaHKa — npamrica
Kypá — Kypfl 6opa — Bopa
ynpaMffleHHe 11. Cnymaaie, noBTopHHTe.
pa-pb-pa-pba, po-pb-pe-pbe, py-pb-pio-pbio, pe-pbe, pn-pbH, pbH-pbH, pbě-pbé, pbio-pbK), pbe-pbe, pbH-pbH, pbH-pbw, pbn-pbě, pbH-pbH, pbji-pbe.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 12. CnyiuaňTe, noBTOpHRTe.
PbHHbrii, pbHHo, 6ypbflH, crapbě', BapbHpoBaxb, crapbOBiuHK, HapbH, JlapbHH, flapbe, JJapbio, nepwi, Kapbepa, KapbepraM, Öapbep.
ynpaxoieHHe 13. npowraÄTe npennoKemw, oienHxe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM [P'l.
y nyKOMÓpbfl ny6 3eneHbiň... H36yiHKa TaM Ha KypbHX HÓxcicax... (A. C TlyiuKUH) y JXápbH HOBoe imáTbe. 3to crapbOBinHK, oh coöh-páeT cTapbé. CnopTCMeHbi pbHHo cpa^áViHCb. Hnií k RÍpte. CnpocH y HápbH. KoMno3HTop Harmcan HÓBbiň BapnáHT ónepw. y Kpaa flopóra nbuibHbiň 6ypbHH. H onpeneniín nxHuy no nepbHM.
177
ynpaxHeHHe 14. npoHHTaflrre otpmbkh h3 cthxotbopeHHft, cnenHTe 3a npo-H3HomeHHeM [p] h [p']. BbineneHHue cnoBa 3aTpaHCKpH6HpyftTe.
ripen hum xoffiáft ronoBa.
OrpOMHLI ÓHH, CHOM OÖbHTbi;
Xpanwr, Kaqáfl iujicm nepHarbifl, H népka b tčmhoh bwcotc, KaK TeHH xohht, pa3BeBáncb.
(A. C IlyiuKuH)
TépeK BÓeT, hhk h 3nó6eH, Me>k yTécHCTbix rpoMan, Býpe imaH eró nonóoeH, Cné3bi 6pw3raMH jieTHT.
* * *
OrBOpHTe MHe TeMHHuy, XláňTe MHe CHBHbe ffHH, UepHornásyw aeBrary, HepHorpMBoro kohíL
(M. JlepMOHToe)
Ojjhh, no ýrpeHHHM 3apflM... H yôeran k ponHÓň peKe... Epoacy c pym'éM no ocrpoBaM, To, KaK HrparoiuHH 3BepéK, C BwcÓKoň Kp^ýqH Ha necóic CKaqýcb, to 6eperoM peKH Berý, Spocán KaMeunoí, VI nécHio rpoMKyio noro lípo ynjajib pámooto moio. ..
(H.HeKpacoe)
ynpaxcHeiuie 15. a) n po mm Taň Te cTOxoTBopemte, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HouieHHeM 3ByKOB [p, p*].
CTPAHA MOfl...
CTpaHa mo h, CTpaHa ponHáa, Kpacá 3eMnn, ee Becná, Tbl b CH — OT Kpáa h no Kpáa — BnepěA h bbmcb ycrpeMneHa.
Tw Bcex CBetneH, BOjimen h mape.
TaKÓň npyrÓH He Biíneji a.
H CBeTHT BceM HaponaM b MHpe
CynbGa BbicÓKan tboh,
178
H nycTb npoxójJHT rofl 3a róflOM, — CipaHa MOH, cTpaHá Tpyná, Tboh Bpaní, Bparií cBoôoflbí, Te6H He cjiómht HHKorna...
(M. HcaKoecKuü)
6) HanmiíHTe TpaHCKpHimtíK) cnemyioLmfx cjiob;
CTpaHa, pojman, flpyroň, HaponaM, npoxoflHT, Bpara.
ynpajKHeHHe 16. ripocJiyuiaňTe h npoqwraftTe TeKCT. 'BuiHniíHTe cnoBa co 3Byk3mh [p, p'], npoH3HecHTe Hx. Cnefltrre 3a npotoHoiiieHHeM 3Bykob [n, n\ h\ «, uij.
nECHÜ O EyPEBECTHHKE
Haa ceflOH paBHHHOH Mopa Bdep Tynn coônpaeT. Meacny Ty-HaMH h MopeM ropnp peeT BypeBecTHHK, qépHoň mojihhh nofloG-
HblH. \
TO KpbUlOM BOJIHbl KacaHCb, TO CTpeJIOH B3MbBBaH K TyMaM, OH KpHHUT, H TyqH CJIblUiaT paflOCTb B CMCnOM KpHKe nTHflbl.
B stom KpHKe — acajKfla 6ypn! Ouiy raeBa, iuiaMH crpacra h yße-peHHOCTb b noöene cjibmiaT ryw b 3tom KpHKe.
^aňKH cTOHyr nepen. 6ypeň, — cTOHyT, MewyTCH Han MOpeM h Ha AHO ero roTOBbi cnpjnaTb y>Kac cboíí npen, Ôypeň.
H rarapbi TaKxce CTOHyT, — hm, rarapaM, HenpcTynHO HacjiaacfleHbe Öhtboh mch3hh: TpOM yjiapoB hx nyraeT.
TnynbiH nHHTBHH poÔKO npfmei Teno xorpHoe b yTecax ... TojibKO ropjj,biň BypeBecTHHK peeT cMeno h cboôoaho Haa ceflMM ot neHbi mo-peM!
Bc*é MpaiHeň h miace Tym onycKaioTca Haja MOpeM, h noioT, h pByTCfl BOJiHbi k BbicoTe HaBCTpeny rpoMy.
rpoM rpoxoqeT. B neHe rneBa CTOHyr bojihm, c seTpOM cnopa. Bot oxBaTbiBaeT BeTep cTan bojih oÔbHTbeM KpenKHM h 6pocaeT hx c pa3-Maxy b jjhkoh 3Jio6e Ha yTé'cbi, pa3ÔHBaa b nbiríb h 6pbi3rH H3yMpyfl-Hbie rpOMaflbi.
BypeBecTHHK c kphkom peeT, nepHOH mojihhh nonpÖHböi, KaK CTpeJia npoH3aeT Tynn, neHy bojih KpbUlOM cpbisaeT.
Bot oh HOCHTCH, KaK acmoh, — ropflbiň, qepHbiH neMOH 6ypH, h CMeeTca h pbiflaeT. . . Oh Hafl TyqaMH CMeěTCH, oh ot paflociH pbi-flaeT.
B THeBe rpoMa, — qyTKHň fleMOH, — oh flaBHO ycTanocTb cjimiiiht, oh yBepeH, hto He CKpoioT TyMH cojiHua, — HeT He cKpoioT! BeTep BoeT ... TpoM rpoxoieT ...
Chhhm imaMeHeM nbinaioT cian ryn Han. 6e3flHOÔ Mopa. Mope jio-
BHT CTpeJIbl MOJIHHH, H B CBOeH nyHHHe raCHT. TOMHO OTHeHHbie 3MeH, BbKJTCH B MOpe, HCHe3aH, OTpa>KeHbH 3THX MOJIHHH.
179
Eypfl! CKopo rpHHeT 6ypa!
3to cMejibiH EypeBecTHHK ropnp peeT Meacny mojihhh Háji peBy-uiHM THeBHO MopeM; to KpHMHT npopoK noöeflbi:
— ITycTb CMJibHee rpHHeT 6ypa! ...
(M. ľopbKuu)
ynpaacHernie 17. IlpocJiyuiaftTe HnpoiHTaftre tckct.
B. M. JIEHHH (no oneptcy M. ľopbKoao „B. M. Jlemn ") IlepBbrii pa3 a yBHflen JleHHHa Ha JIohhohckom Cbe3ne. Korná Hac
n03HaKOMHJlH, OH, KpeiIKO CTHCHVB MOK) pyKy, 3aTOBOpHJT TOHOM CTa-
poro 3HaKOMoro, iiryTjiHBO:
— 3to xopouio, hto Bbi npHexajiH! Bw ßeflb npaicH jiioDHTe? 3flecb 6yaeT oojibiuaa npamca.
H o^KHnaji, hto JTeHHH He TaKOB. MHe nero-TO He XBaTano b héím. KapTaBHT h pyKH cyHyji Kyna-TO noji mwuikh. M Booôine, Becb KaK-TO
CJ1HUIKOM npOCT, He HyBCTByeTCH B HO M HHHerO OT „BO^KOJl".
(...)
Ho bot nocneuiHO b 30 měn Ha Kacpe/opy BnanHMHp HjibHH, KapTaBO npoH3HSc „TOBapHuiH". nepBbiň pa3 cJibiLuaji a, hto o cJio^eňiinix
BOnpOcaX nOJIHTHKH MOHCHO rOBOpHTb T3K npOCTO.
...CßoöoAHbie MHHyTbi, nacbi oh npoBonnji cpenn paoomix, Bbícnpa-iuHBaji Hx o caMbix MH3epHbix MeJioqax 6biTa.
B Taňfl-napKe HecKOJibKO qenoBeK paĎowx, BnepBbie BHJj,eBuiHX JleHHHa, 3aroBOpHJiH o ero noBeneHHH Ha cT>e3ne. Kto-to HS hhx xapaic-TepHO cKa3an:
— He 3Haio, MOjKeT 6biTb, 3necb, b Eßpone, y paooqnx ecTb h npy-roň, T3KOH xe yMHbm qejiOßeK — Beôejib hjih eine kto. A bot, htoÖm 6bui apyroň qenoBeK, KOTOporo a 6w cpa3y nojiio6HJi, KaK 3Toro, — He BepHTca!
üpyrOH paĎoqHH Ao6aBHJi, yjibiöaacb:
— 3 tot — Ham!
OceHbH) BOceMHaniiaTOro rona a cnpocHJi copMOBCKoro paôoqero J^MHTpHa naBJíOBa, KaKOBa, Ha ero B3maa, caMaa pe3í<aa nepTa JleHHHa.
— npocTOTa. npocT, KaK npasna. ^
MHTOHAUMfl
BOnPOCMTEJlbHOrO nPEflJ10>KEHMfl
npejxnoxceHHfl c nepecnpocoM
Ecjih coôecenHHK qero-HHÔyflb He noHan, He paccnbiuian hjih com-HeBaeTca b cKa3aHH0M, oh nepecnpaiuHBaeT.
180
npH nepecnpoce ynoTpe&iHeTcn HenojiHoe BonpocHTenbHoe npefl-jioMceHHe, KOTopoe npoH3HocHTcn c MK-3. HanpHMep:
1 3
- Hudy ö Maaa3UH. -Tbl Kynwia óunem? -Kyda? ~£a.
2 3
_ B mea3uH. - Kynuna?
2 2
_ Kto numer cruxu? — CKOAbKO ctoutkhuzü?
1 2
- IJerpoe. - Odun pyôjjb.
3 2
- Kto? — CKOJibKo?
2 2
- íleTpoe. - Odun pyÔAb.
IToBTO peHHe sonpoca npn otbětc
IIpH jjHajiore mojkct 6biTb TaKan cHTyauHH, Korna co6ecenHHK noBTOpaeT 3anaHHbrií eMy Bonpoc,HanpHMep:
2
- CKOAbKo eMy aer?
3 i
- CKOAbKO eMy Aer? My Maw, okoao copoKa.
3
- Bbi daeno npuexaau?
3 1 l
- JJaeno au r npuexaa ? Her, I nedaeuo.
CoôecenHHK He cpa3y OTBeiaeT Ha Bonpoc, noTOMy iro b 3tot MOMeHT nyMaeT o mčm-to npyroM. IloBTopnn 3anaHHbrií Bonpoc, oh coc-peflOTOMMBaeTCH, coöHpaeTCH c mmoihmh. Ilpn noBTOpeHHH Bonpoca ynoTpeönjieTcn HK-3. IlpH noBTOpeHHH Bonpoca 6e3 BonpocHTenbHoro cnoBa ynoTpeonneTcfl uacxHua na:
3
- Bbi obrnu e Odecce?
3 1.1
- EbiA au n e Odecce? JJa, I odnaoKÔbi.
BonpocHTejibHbie npennojKeroui c ottchkom tpcöobühhä
BonpocHTenbHbie npenno>KeHH« c ottchkom ipeöOBaHHH ynoTpeô-naioTCH b cneuH4>HHecKHX cHTyanjinx. HanpHMep: Konrponěp b aBTO-
4
6yce, oĎpamancb k naccaaoipy, roBopni: ,ßaut Ouner?" Mencecrpa,
4 4
npoH3Bon,h 3anncb k Bpany, cnpanrnBaei: ,ßaut eo3pacr? 0omuaum?
Adpec?" KaK bhhho, b 3thx npennojKeHHflx ynoTpeönneTCK HK-4. CnenyeT o6püTHTb BHHMaHHé Ha to, mto HenpaBHnbHoe hhtohhpobaHHe TaKHx npennoMceHHH Mo»ceT npHBecra k Hapymemiio cMbícna BbicKa-
4
3bmaHHH. CpaBHHTe: Bautu doKyMenm? (npoBepKa noKyMeHTOB)
3
H Bautu dotcyMeHTbi? (HanneHbi flOKyMeHTbi).
HHorna b ananorax BCTpewaioTCH BonpocHTenbHbie npenJioaceHHA c HK-4 BMecTO MK-3. TaKHe Bonpocbi 3BywaT HasnnaTenbHO, noy*iH-
181
TCJibHO, „TOHOM CTapniero". HanpHMep, OTen cnpaiiniBaeT cbma: Hy,
4.4 3
KÜK,   I  ebinOJlHUJl 3ädäHUe? (B OÖWHHOM HHTOHHpOBaHHH'. BbinO/lHUJl
3adanue?).
BonpocHTeJibHbie npeaJioa<eHHH c npHcoenHHMTejibHbiM cok)3om a
BonpocHienbHbie nperjnoaceHHH c BonpocHTenbHMMH cnoBaMH h npHcoejjHHHTejibHbiM COI030M a qacTO ynoTpe6jiHWTCH b flHanorHHec-
KOH pemi. OHM HHTOHHpyiOTCH OÖbIHHO KaK HK-2. COK)3 a yCHJTHBaeT
Bonpoc, noKa3biBaeT 3aHHTepecOBaHHOCTb coSecenHHKa, HanpHMep:
— 3dpaecreyü, Mapusi. Tbl oTKyda?
— M3 30onapKa.
— A zde oh mxoduTcx?
— JJaeaü xynuM 3tot jKypnan-
2
— A CKOJlbKO OH CTOUT?
— Bnepa h euden AneKcen.
2
— A zde oh nponadan Ta k dojizo?
ynpaxcHeHHe 18. Giymafire, noBTopxttTe. Cue jih Te 3a hhto Hannen nepe-cnpoca.
— Kto HcnonHneT necHio? — C KeM iu 6bui b Teaipe?
— IleTpoB. — C HHKOnaeM.
— Kto? - C KeM?
— IleTpoB, apTHCT Bonbinoro — C HHKOnaeM. TeaTpa.
— rioHeMy Tbl BHepa He — KaKHe useTbi Bbi Bbißpa-npnexan? jih?
— H own Ha CTannoHe. — Bot 3th ÖeJibie.
— ľne? — Bot 3th?
— Ha CTanHOHe. TaM 6bin cJ)yT- — Ha, bot ohh. 6on.
— Tbl 6büia y cecTpbi?
— HeT, r e3AHna 3a ropon,. -Kyna?
— 3a ropojj,, k MaMe.
— Bnepa h nonywDia nncbMO ot Mapnn.
— Ot koto?
— Ot MapHH.
— ITo^eMy Tbi rpycTHaa?
— MHe He3HOpOBHTCH.
— He3flOpOBHTCfl? A H TO C TOÖOÖ?
182
MHe oqeHb HpaBHTcn (popTenHamiaJi My3biKa.
— KaKan? (DopTenHaHnaa.
_ OraecH, noacanyöcTa, Krarn b OHÔJiHOTeicy.
— B ÖHÖJiHOTeKy?
— JJa, Ha nepBbiň 3ibm.
— IToqeMy Tbi He OTBeqaeim. Ha nncbMa?
— Ha mto?
— Ha nHCbMa. Benb ohh MCflyr OTBeTa.
— OTiry oneHb noHpaBHnca 3TOT (pHJibM.
— He noHpaBHJiCH?
— IIOHpaBHJICH. OH TOBOpHT, H TO 3TO nyHIHHH (pHJlbM TOfta.
— OaeHbCH noTennee.
— KaK?
— noTennee.
ynpa>KHeHMe 19. ľlpocnyinaňTe h npomrraftTe TeKCTbi. GiejJHTe 3a h hto Hannen BonpocHTenbHbix npewioHceHHH. BbiflenHTe b TeKCTax HK-3, npoHHTOHHpyfl-Te hx.
KOrjXA si yMpy?
OflHajKflbí acecTOKHH uapb npHmen k Mynpeiry h cnpocHji ero:
— Korná h yMpy?
— Tbi yMpeuib, Korna ÖyneT ôonbinoň npa3nHHK b CTpaHe, — yBepeHHo otbcthji Myopen.
— A noqeMy Tbi TaK yBepeH b stom? — cnpocmi uapb.
— noTOMy *rro Korna iw yMpSim», b Hauieň cipaHe 6yneT 6ojib-uioH npa3AHHK, — oraeraji Mynpeu,.
HA ypOKE APHOMETHKH
Ha ypoKe apHcJ)mcthkh ywrenb oôbflCHHJi, qio TaKOe cjiojKemie. nočné oöbHCHeHHH oh 3ajj,aji yneHHKaM Bonpoc:
— CKOjibKO 6yneT: k nnm npH6aBHTb ohhh? yqeHHKH MOJinajiH.
Torna y^HTejib cKa3an:
— Hy, HanpHMep, h naio BaM iMTb ronyöefi, a nOTOM eine onHOro. CKonbKO rony6eň 6yneT y Bac?
OnHH yqeHHK Ôbicipo OTBeran:
— CeMb!
— KaK ceMb? noqeMy? - ynHBHncH yMHTenb.
— A y Mena npMa ecTb yace orniH ronyöb, — oöbncHnn yqeHHK.
183
ynpaxHemie 20. Cnyiuattrc, noBTopaHre. OöpaiHTe BHHMaHHe, qrro ueirrp HK npH noBTopeHMH Bonpoca HaxonHTCÄ b KOHue npeoJio>KeHH.s.
1. — Bbi nroöHTe IlyiiiKHHa?
3
— Jlroonio jih r IlyixiKHHa? JX&, oqeHb.
2. — noqeMy Bbi TaK mhoto paÖOTaeie?
3
— IloHeMy TaK mhoto paooTaio? IlpocTO y Meira tslk&si npHBbiHKa.
3. — nonyqHJiH rmcbMO?
3
— uojiyqiui jih a rmcbMO? HeT emS.
2
4. — IToneMy bw rpycraTe?
3
— IIoHeMy h rpymy? HeT, MHe coBceM He rpycrao, h nyMaio.
5. — Koraa Bbi npHexajiH?
3
— Korna h npnexan? Bnepa yTpoM.
3
6. — Bbi naß ho 3necb >KHBé'Te?
3
— JlaBHo hh mm 3flecb >KHBe*M? HeT, c npoHUioro rona.
3
7. — BaM HpaBHTCH 3TOT (pTWbM?
3
— HpaBHTCH jih MHe 3TOT (J)HJibM? noacajiyň, HCT.
3
8. — Bbi HHTajiH „BocKpeceHHe" TojicToro?
3
— ^HTaji jih h ,3ocKpeceHHe"? KaK ;ace! JXbsl pa3a.
3 2
9. — üoqeMy Tbi He ye3>Kaeiub?
3
— noieMy? JJaace He 3Haio.
2
10. — KaK npjiro bw 3necb npoÖyneTe?
3
— KaK npnro? 3to 6yneT 3aBHceTb ot mhothx npHHHH.
3
11. — Bbi 6buiH y HBaHOBbix?
— Bbin jih h y HßaHOBbix? ,Ha, no nppore b MocKBy.
2
12. — KaK Ha3WBaeTCH Bame CTHxoTBOpeHHe?
3
— KaK Ha3MBaeTCH? Oho noKa 6e3 HB3BaHHH.
ynpaHCHemie 21. lTpocnymaore h npomraftTe caMocTOirrenmo. OnpeneiiHTe ueHTpbi MK. OieflHxe 3a hhto HauHen.
B EHBJIMOTEKE
— 3n,p aB CTB yHTe.
— JI,06pbIH fleHb. *ItO BW XOTHTe?
— MHe Hanp 3anncaTbCH b ÖHÖnHOTeKy.
— noacajiyňcTa. Bauia cpaMHJiHH?
— KonocOB.
184
-Hmh?
— HHKOJiafi.
— OTMeCTBO?
— AneKceeBHi.
— Ton polenem* a?
— TbICHMa HfiBHTbCOT IIHTbUeCHT BTOpOH.
— OaKyjibTeT?
— HCTOpHHeCKHH.
— Kypc?
— TpeTHH.
— Bam ÖHJieT?
— noacanyňcTa, bot moh cTyneHHecKHH.
— Xopomo, cnacHÖo. H 3ariHcajia Bac.
ynpaxcHeHHe 22. npomwaftTe TeKCT, cnenaftTe hhtoHannomyK) pa3MexKy.
HaKOHea Hain napoxon, npnobui b Hbio-HopK. Ha KOpa6jib npH-uuiH aMepHKaHCKHe nonnuencKHe h Hamann npoBepflTb npicyMeHTbi. Ä noKa3aji nojinueňcKOMy cboh noicyMeHTbi. Oh npnro CMOTpen hx, a 3aTeM CTan 3anaBaTb mhc Bonpocw:
— ľne Bbi aaura b AMepHKe?
— Tne paoOTäHH?
— noqeMy bw yexann h3 Amôphkh?
— Ckohlko jieT TOMy Ha3ajj bw yexanu H3 Amcphkh?
— Tfle Bbi jkhjih 3TO BpeMH?
— íeM 3aHHMaJIHCb?
nOTOM OH CKa3ajI MHe, HTO moh UOKyMeHTbl CTapbie, h H npJiHceH
B03BpaiHTbCH b Eßpony. ^To nenaTb? MHe Henb3H Obrno B03BpaiuaTbCH b Eßpony. íl npH)KeH 6bin nocTaBHTb nncbMO JleHHHa b AMepHKy.
(IJo paccm3y peeontouuonepa M. Tpaeunä)
YnpajKHeHHe 23. npocnyiuairre npennoaceHHH, conocTaBwe jJBH>KeHHe to Ha. ripomrraHTe hx caMO cro irren lho ,
4 3
— Bauia 4>aMHnHH? — Bauia cpaMmiHH?
— Hmh? - Hmh?
4 3
— OnecTBO? — OrnecTBO?
4 3
— Ton. poHcneHHH? — Tojj, poacneHHH?
4 3
— OaKynbTeT? — OaKyjibTeT? -Kypc? -Kypc?
4 3
— Bam 6nneT? — Bam &uieT?
4 3
— Bam 6njieT? — Bam ÖHJieT?
185
3 . 1
Baiii ĎHJieT? R Haiuna ero. CnacHĎo, I sto moh ĎHJiex.
— Bam ĎHJieT?
i i
— noacanyHCTa, bot oh.
ynpaxaieHHe 24. IIpocnyiiiaHTe, noBToptfňTe BonpocHTejibHwe npeonoxceHtift. OienHTe 3a HHTOHamieH BonpocHTentHoro npennoxemix c npHcoenjiHHTen hubím cok)3om a.
— Bot moh pynca.
— A rne moh?
— 3 to Haiu co ceji.
— A rn,e oh paĎOTaeT?
— il BCTperana Cainy.
— Cauiy? A noqeMy oh He Ha paoOTe?
— H 6bina b Mara3HHe.
— B Mara3HHe? A hto bw KynHjra?
— 3to Hanin pe6nTa.
— 3necb pa3Be Bce? A rne ace ocTajibHbie?
— BcTperaMCH b uiecTb y Meipo.
— A noneMy b mecTb?
— Bot 4>oto Moeň cecTpw.
— Jla? A cKOJibKO eň neT?
— Khock 3aKpbIT.
— A Korná oh otkdwbaetch?
— H BCTpeiHJICH C MHXaHJIOM.
— Cepbě"3h0? A Korná oh b,epHynca?
— Ha npoiHJioň Henene.
— Pa3Be? A noqeMy ace oh He no3BO-
hhjt?
— 3aBTpa noeneT Ojibra.
~ Onbra? A noneMy He AHHa?
— Bot 3flecbne)KaT KHHra.
— A b KaxoM HiHHKe xpaHHTCH ra3e-
Tbl?
Ynpa>KHeHHe 25. npocnymaíťre CTHXoTaopeHHe. ripoBesHTe mieHeHHe Ha chh-TarMM h onpenenHTe ranbi HK. BbHiHiHHTe cnosa, conepacaiuHe 3ByK [p], npoH3-HecHTe hx.
CEPflUE, KOTOPOE J1I0BHT
— PanpcTb, noMenjiH, Kyna tm neTHim.?
— B cepnue, KOTopoe hiooht!
— H)HocTb, Kyna tw BepHyTbca cneuiHuib?
— B cepnue, KOTopoe jih>6ht!
— Cnjia h CMenocTb, Kyna bw, Kyna?
— B cepnue, KOTopoe nwfíHT!
— A Bw-TO Kyna, nenanb na 6ena?
— B cepnue, KOTopoe niooHT.
(P. rCLM30.TOe)
ynpajKHeHHe 26. tlpocnymaítTe h npowTaftTe njianor. CnejiattTe hhtohruhoh-hhh aHajiH3 TeKcra (hHTOHaimoHHan pa3MeiKa, HneHeioie Ha CHHTarMbi). Bbifle-nHTe cnoBa co 3ByxaMH [p, p'].
Mbl HflEM B MArA3HH 3A ITPOflyKTAMH
— Pura, noĎwcTpee coĎHpažca, mw non>KHw cnenaTb mhoto noKy-noK.
186
— Ceiwac. K 6epy nße cyMKH.
— Xopoiuo. CHaiajia 3aHn.é*M b racTpoHOM. Hano KyriHTb Maca, pw-6bi, KOJiÖacbi, smu, h Macjia.
— ßepa, Tbl HflH nOKa B MOHOHHblH OTfleJI, KyTTH TpH GyTbUIKH mo-
jiOKa, HBa naiceTa cjihbok, Kecpnp h pa^ceHKy. JXa, He 3a6ynb tbo-por.
— HeT, naßan HaqHe'm c 6aicajieH, 3to no nopore. Bot pHC, conb, Ma-KapoHbi, Myxa, caxap — Bee*, hto HaM HyjKHo.
— IIpaBHiibHo. HflH b Kaccy...
— Hy bot, npeKpacHo. Tenepb 3ažflSM b oynoHHyio.
— flairre, nojKanyücTa, öaraH 3a 13 KoneeK, nonoBHHy qgpHoro xjießa, KocpeÜHMH TOpT, nonKHJio neneHb« „Mapna" h nBecra rpaMMOB KOH(J)eT „TpHxJ)enH'\ CnacHÖo. J\o cBHflaHHH.
— Bcero npöporo. 3axoflHTe!
YflAPEHME B CyiUECTBHTEribHblX MY>KCKOrO POflA (nOBTOPEHME)
ynpaHCHeHHe 27. npoqHTaťtre   coqeTaHUH, conocxaBbTe c hhmh npenno-
>KeHHH.
Ha mo cry, Ha nony, Ha Kpaio, Ha 6epery, b uneasy, b KpbiMy, b cany, b yrny, Ha 6opTy, b nopTy, b necy, b nneHy, b nonicy, Ha floHy, Ha noMy, b KnHHy.
ynpajKHeHHe 28. ripowraHTe napu cjiob, no müh o cab Hre ynapeHHH.
ĽHHMCTBeHHOe MHCJIO	MHOjicecTBeHHoe hhcho	EnHHCTBeHHoe iHcno	MHOiKecTBeHHoe MHCJIO
noe3ß	noe3na	Beqep	Beiepa
OCTpOB	ocrpoBa	6eper	6epera
nacnopT	nacnopxa	HO Me p	ho Me pa
ROKTOp	flOKTOpa	xonofl	xonofla
an pec	aflpeca	BĚK	BeKa
ropon	ropona	HOM	noMa
opneH	opaeHa	rna3	rna3a
ronoc	ronoca	jiyr	nyra
ynpajKHeHHe 29. ITpoMHiauxe cnoBocoqeTaHHH, cneflHTe 3a npoH3HomeHneM 6e3ynapHbix rnacHtix.
CKOpbie noe3fla, naiie'KHe ocTpoBa, Hamn nacnopTa, nynmHe npK-TOpa, 6jiH3KHe aflpeca, KpacHBbie ropona, Becenbie ronoca, nonMOckob-Hbie Beiepa, 3enéHbie ôepera, HacTymuiH HHBapcKHe xonona, nponnyr BeKa, ÖonbLUHe noMa, neca nojiMocKBOH, ronyowe rna3a.
187
ynpajKHemie 30. npowraftTe, cjiejmTe 3a ynaperaeM h 3HaqeHHeM BbineneH-
HblX cjiob.
1. Bot opneHa OTna. PbmapcKHe opneHbi. 2. ň jiio&ikj npiaie iísexa. UBeTbi H6HCHO naxjiH. 3. Xneda nocneBaioT. JlynmcTbie xjieôbi. 4, MHe HpaBÄTCH cepbie to Ha. y Bac rnyxne tohw cepona.
ynpajKHeHHe 31. ^HTaftTe npeflno»eHHH, npaBHJibHo aKueHTMpyHTe BbineneH-Hbie cnoBa, cnenjiTe 3a penyKUHett macHbix.
Okoho ropona rrsa rmoHepCKHX narepa. Mw jik>6hm OTHbixaTb b KpbľMy. B TpeTbervi puny chhht Bonona. JloKTop npHHHMaeT Ha np-My. B jiecy pa3n,aBancH Tonop npoBoceica (Hexpacoe). noe3fl ocraHo-bhhch Ha Mocry. Ot panpcra b 3o6y nbixaHbe cnepno (Kpbinoe). Cnpo-ch y noKTopa. IT. H. ^laňKOBckhíí >khji b KjiHHy. H Mano m/ui h >khji b HJieHy (JlepMOHToe). Ho nocne k roieHy oh npHBbiK (JJepMOHToe). ň eme He cnbinian TaKoro npeKpacHoro ronoca. Ä yBepeH b tom, mto 6biTb ôbi mot b Kpaio otuob He H3 nocnenHHX ynanbupB (JlepMowoe). Xopomo 6biTb b Kpyry npy3eS. JlHTepaTypHbie Kpyni Tenno Bcrpe-THJIH 3Ty noBecTb.
ynpasKHeHHe 32. npoqHTafťre, noMHHTe o Meere yflapeHH«. CjienjfTe 3a npo H3HomeHHeM 6e3yptapHbix rnacHbix.
rpasKnaHHH, cnaBHHHH, ÖonrapHH, apMHHHH, rpy3HH, cnenpsaTenb, npenonaBaTenb, aKaneMHK, Hcropmc, KpHTHK, cpOTorpacp, qbHnococp, npoqbnnb, qbyTÔbn, noroBOp, pemaMeirr, npicyMeHT, napnaMeirr, Kpe-hht, HMnopT, 3KcnopT, panopT, TpaHcnopT, aBTOÖyc, Tponneňôyc, onbiT, 3aBOfl} jKypHan, KonneKTHB, asponpoM, anpec, bh3ht, xapaKTep, nearenb, KompaKT, KOMirneicc, Hapon,, anapTenn, na3ep, kocmoc,
KOCMOHaBT.
yPOK N° 16
COrnACHblE [r; x]. CMHTArMATIiHECKOE HJ1EHEHME II TEMľl PEHM.
CMHTArMATMHECKOE HJ1EHEHME M CMblCJl BblCKA3blBAHMH. YflAPEHME B CyuiECTBMTEJIbHblX >KEHCKOrO POAA (nOBTOPEHME)
COrjlACHblE [r, x]
CornacHbiS [r] — 3bohkhh, 3anHen3bmHbrii, B3pbffiHoii 3ByK-npH ero apTHKynhuhh h3hk oTTHHyT Ha3ari. Mencny 3anHeň qacrbio H3biKa h HeôOM o6pa3yeTCH CMbiqica, pacKpbmaeMan HanopoM bo3-
188
nyiUHOH cTpyH. Kohhhk H3biKa onymeH h jieacHT y ocHOBamia hh>k-
HHX 3yÔOB.
CorjiacHbiň [x] — rnyxoň, 3anHea3biqHMH 3Byx, uiejieBoň. IlpH ero apTHKyjiHUHH o6pa3yeTca men b Meacny 3anHeö qacTbio H3biKa
H HéOOM.
3ßyKH [r, x] MoryT 6wTb TBepnbiMH (nepen. niacHbiMH a, o, y: zancryK, eocTb, zycb) h mhtkhmh (nepep, macHbiMH e, h: xurpbiü, ľepa). ComacHbie [r, x] He coqeraioTCH c [bi], a laiOKe nočné hhx He riHiiryTCH ôyKBbi a, h), e b pyccKHX cnoBax.
B okoHHäHHHx ponHTejibHoro naneaca enHHCTBeHHoro HHCJia npn-jiaraTejibHbix My>Kckoro h cpenHero pona, a TaKHce b npHTH^caiejib-Hbix, yKa3aTejibHbix, OTHOCHTenbHbix, BonpooiTenbHbix, onpenemi-TejTbHbix MecTOHMeHHHx Ha Meere r npoH3HOCHTca [b], HanpHMep: KpacHoro [iiBb], Moero[jHeBo], Toro [tAbo] , KOTOporo [tBt], KaKO-ro? [t>bt>] , Kaacfloro [bBb],
B cnoBe ceeodHH h npoH3BonHbix ot Hero Ha Mecie r npoH3HOCHT-ch [b] : [c'HeBonHT>].
B coieTaHHHx roc h rq (jiérKHH, mhtkhh, nerqe, Marne) npoH3HO-CHTca [x]: ne [x] kuü, mm [x j kuü, ne [x] ne, mh [x] ne.
ynpaxHeHHe 1. CnymaňTe.
Ta-ra, ry-ry, yry, ro-ro, ro-ry, rycH, rajiKH, ra-ra-ra, ra-ro-ry-rw, ry-ro, ra-ra, re-re, ra-re.
YnpaiKHeHHe 2. CnyiiiafiTe, pa3JiHqaftTe 3BYKH [r, k].
YnpajKHeHHe 3. CnymaBTe, noBTOpÄHTe cnoBa.
TycH, Taňry, nypry, Mory, rynpK, ryn, rpy3, norona, ronbi, rojion,
rojioBy, BaroH, ropbi, ropon, ronHbm, ropnr, ra3, ra3eia, rope, oroHb,
ľana, ranKa, rancryK, Hora, rapb, ranicHÔ, nyra, cTora, nnpora, nypra, Pnra, apyra, 6yMara, ronoBa, rpoM, ŕpnuia, rpno, rpoxoT,
rpaHb, rpaHHT, raaBHbiii, thom, rpy6, rHe3np, nnüib, Korna, Torna, rne.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 4. npoiHrattTe npeAnoxemia.
TpoM rpeMHT. Tonbi 6eryT ToBopn rpoMKO. OrHH ropona. Tpy-6mh ronoc. OroHb ropen flonro. B ropax rycToô jiec. DiaBa khh-ni. ToBopH niaBHoe. OrpOMHoe rocynapCTBO. Tojioc nopororo
rofl — kot
raMMa — KaMa
roHen, — KOHeu
rpOT — KpOT
njpyrOH - pyxoň rpo3a — Kpaca
ropa — Kopa rycr — KycT Hrpa — HKpa
ran. — kut
rOCTb — KOCTb
roji — Kon
flpyra.
189
YnpajKHeHHe 5. CnyiuaHTe, noBTOpaftTe.
a) yxy-yxy, yxo-yxo, xy-xo, xo-xo, oxo-oxo, xa-xa, xa-xo, xo-xa, xy-xa.
6) xyrop, b nyxy, oxotho, cyxoö, iuioxoh, xojjht, yxa, xaH, xara, rnyxa, coxa, Gnoxa, Tpyxa, XapbKOB, cyxa, crapyxa, Myxa, ruioxa, xajiBa, xpaM, xpan, xHa, MaxHyib, nopxHy-rb, xnaM, XMypbiň, nyx, rnyx, cyx, mox, ox, cox, nocox, Bopox.
ynpawHeHHe 6. Cjiyuiaftxe, noBTOpaftTe cnoBa oo 3ByxaMH [r*, x'].
TeHa, rennií, remrii, rep6, repož, k nonpyre, Ha Bojire, rnöenb, nipH, rHMH, canora, uiarn, 6era, nyprn, 3arn6, reojior, ruMHacT, xeK, b noxe, xhmhh, HaxHMOB, k coxe, coxh, xnna, xHipbin, KpoxH, xHpypr.
YnpajKHeHHe 7. ilpocnyiuaHTe h npomrraiíTe cTHxoxBopeHHe. BmiHiuHTe cnoBa c comacHbiMH r, x, np0H3HecHTe hx h naaxe b TpaHCKpHmmH.
H3 TETE
TopHbie BepiUHHbl CnHT bo TbMe howoh;
THXHe flOJIHHbl
IIoJiHbi cBOtcež MrnoH; He nbüiHT nppora, He npoacaT jthctm... nonoHcnjH HeMHoro,
OTflOXHeiIIb H Tbl.
(M. JJepMOHTOß)
YnpajKHeHHe 8. CnyiuaftTe, noBTopaflTe.
H-xh, H-ľH, h-xe, h-re, hx-ht, ra-xH, xhk, thk, hk-hx, yxy-nxy, ax-Hx, ra-rHK, HXb-xa, raxb-xa.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 9. npooiymaÄTe, npoMHraHTe cnoBa.
KpacHoro, oonbinoro, npKoro, ponHoro, MHJioro, neTCicoro, BKycHoro, CHHero, nanbHero, BenepHero, yipeHHero, cpenHero, Moero, TBoero, KOTOporo, npyroro, Toro, BCflKoro, caMoro, ceroniw, mhtkhh, jierKHH, Marne, nenie.
Ynpa>KHeHHe  10.  IlpocnyuiaHTe, npoTOTaHTe cthxh, cnenHTe 3a npo-H3HouieHHeM   cornacHBix    r, x, HaimuíHTe   TpaHCKpHnmuo   BbineneHHbix, cnoB.
TopHT BOCTOK 3apél0 HOBOÖ.
y>K Ha paBHHHe, no xonMaM rpoxo^yr nyunoi. JXbm 6arpoBuft KpyraMH bcxoaht k HeôecaM ...
(A. C TlywKUH)
190
KaK mac ynpeica, Hano mhoio
CbOH rpOM npH3bIBHbIH npOKarH, H BbDKTH pacaBMBHy nOKOH, M npax 6e3neňcTBHH coTpH.
(A. K. To/ictou)
JIk)6jik) h Gojibuie ron, ot ropy,
)KeJiaHbHM MHpHbIM jjbb npocrop,
IToyTpy HCHVK) norony, lion, Beqep thxhh pa3roBop.
Ctoht 3axoTeTb, nionH, Ctoht 3axoTeTb, nionH,
H 3TOT MHp, O^eHb CTapbDl MHp
CHacTJTHBbiM 6yneT!
(P, PoxcdecreeHCKUÜ)
HaôepexcHbie —
nycTW.
H numb
XOpOXOpHTCH
KOCTpbl
b cyMepicax rycTwx.
* * *
Bßepx—
cpjiar!
Boar —
jtht!
CniHb -
crap.
B nyx,
b npax.
Bež-
6ap!
Tpax!
iax!
.UpBOnbHO,
HOBOnbHO,
npBonbHO
nOKOpHOCTb
HeCTH
Ha rpoĎax.
(M JlepMOHTOe)
191
TpHCHieCb,
KOpOHbl,
Haji6ax!
{ß. MasiKoecKuü)
YnpaHCHeHHe 11. lipo wra fixe npennoMceHHX, cjienHTe 3a npoH3HO uremic m r, x. OnpcflenHTe thjili HK, npaHHJiLHO h hto hh p y Atc npenjiojKeHHJi.
Ha rope oroHb ropHT. FpOM rpeMHT. M to 3a rpoxoT? Yöepirre 3tot xjiaM. náxHeT rápbio. Xiína ropbKaa. Tennn — něncHň ra3. TycH rorá-nyi: ra-ra-ra. ľpiima 6bUi Ha rpámi ráSenn. 3aBTpa y Tann 3K3aMeH no XHMHH. Teónora iluth »iépe3 Taňrý. ryAHT rynoK. OibiniHLUb ryn? üoh-AČm no rpHÖbi. Ta3eTa „TyflOK". Y oněHJi Ďonbuníe pora. Mbi c noflpý-roH nioÖHJiH rynflTb b nyprý. Bohht ronoßa? Páflyra nOBHcna Han né-coM, K3K apyra. Tne 6yMara? TeHa KyriHJi b ITMe mojjhbih rancTyíc. KHHrH o HaxHMOBe. THMHacm SeryT no oeroBÓH nopó^e. rapHÖajib-HH — HaiLHOHanbHbiH repóň Htzuihh. 3ße3nbi norácHH. CeHO b cToráx.
XHpýpr ocMOTpén Ó6e Horíí. XMypwň neHb. XOTpbui xaH. Xo3hh-Ka cBapnna yxý. 3anáxno yxoň. Bopoöen BbinopxHyn h3 rHe3Aa. Cia-pvxa rayxa.
tí* t t ff
ň nroönio xanBy. Chen >KHBěT b XapbKOBe. CTapHK MaxHyn pyKOö.
Bot h ropbi: cnnoniHoň roamÍT^reHa ronoAeH. Mox cyx. Tänfl oxotho
HrpáeT b ronb4>. OibiHiHbi uiara. Tbl rpy6. TopoA TopbKHH Ha Bonre.
ToAbi 6eryT.
ynpawHeHHe 12. npooiyiuattre h npowrairre OTptiBKH H3 npoH3befleinift A. BJioKa. CnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM comacHUX r, x. BbineJieHHhie cnoBa npo-H3HecMxe eine pa3.
BblXOXCy k b nyTb, OTKpblTblH B30paM,
BeTep rnex ynpynie KycTW, Bhtmh KaMeHb něr no KocoropaM, ÄenTOH rjiHHbi cicynHbie nnacTbi.
* * *
BnepeflH — cyrpo6 xonOAHbm, — Kto b cyrpoÖe - bmxoah!.. TojibKO HHLUHH ne c ronoAHbiH KoBbüifleT no3anH...
* * *
Tpax-Tax-xax! — H toamco axo
OTKJlHKaeTCH b JJOMaX...
TonbKO Bbiora aojithm cMexoM 3ajiHBaeTCH b CHerax...
Tpax-Tax-Tax! Tpax-Tax-Tax!
192
* * *
OceHHHH nem. bmcok h thx,
JlHUlb CJIblIUHO — BOpOH rjiyXO
3oBé*T TOBapHiueň cbohx, fla KauuifleT crapyxa.
CklHTATMATMHECKOE 4Í1EHEHHE H TEMľl PEMH. CHHTATIVIATMMECKOE MJ1EHEHHE M CMbíCJl BblCKA3blBAHMfl
KajKAPMy HenoBeKy cbohctbeHCH HHnHBHnyaribHbiH leMn penu: ojj.HH roBOpHT MenneHHO, apyrne ôwcTpee, a TpeTbH 6wcTpo. 3tot TeMn penu He buhhct Ha HHTOHauHOHHO-cMbicjioByio cipyKTypy 4>pa3bi.
OflHaKO HMeioTCH oÔbeKTHBHbie Bbipa>KeHHíi TeMna 3Byqamnx nperjjio)KeHHH, KOTopbie 3aBHCÄT OT oôbéMa cHHTarMbi: neM ôojibiue cjioB b cHHTarMe, TeM Öbicrpee cKopocTb Hx npOH3HeceHHH. HanpH-Mep:
2
Kto 360hu/1?
a
Kto 360hwi Mue?
Kto 360HIUI MHe eeuepoM?
Kto 360hwi MHe eenepoM, okoao decítru?
Kto 360hu/i mhc eeuepoM okoao decaru, Kozda n nucan?
yBejiHieHHe pa3\iepa CHHTarMw HMeeT cboh npenejibi, cBjnaHHbie c ^)H3HOjiorHeH nbixaHHíi: Korna nenoBeK H3paexojj,OBaji Becb Bbinbixae-Mbiň B03flyx, eMy HeoöxonHMO cHOBa BAoxHyrb ero. 3tot npouecc o6bmHO coBepuiaeTCH Ha rpaHHiiax CHHTarMarHiecKoro uneHeHHK.
CHHTarMarHHecKoe HJieHeHHe MOMceT pa3JiHiaxb cmmcji BbicKa3biBa-HHH b npenenax onHoro h Toro ace npenjioaceHHíi. 3to bo3moäho Torna, Korna orhh h tot ace men npennoMceHHH mojkct HaxonHTbCH b hbohhoh cHHTaKCHHecKoň CBH3H, HanpHMep:
3 1 3
Kuk oôpadoeaA ux \ npue3d dereü h Kax oöpadoean ux npuead deTeu.
B n&hhom cny^ae ux b nepBOM npennoxceHHH ABTineTCH nonoiiHe-Hneiví (k o r o? — ux), a bo BTopOM — onpeneuieHHeM (n e ň n p h-e 3 n? — ux).
ynpaMtHeHMe 13. Cnymaitre, noBtopHííTe, cnenjHTe 3a TeisinoM h cjikthoctho
pe<m.
H 3aHHMaH)Cb.
Sí 3aHHMaiocb nonoopoM MaTepnajia.
7-1083
193
51 3aHHMaiocb nonSopoM MaTepnana jojih hhidiomhoh paooTw.
Bbl KyTIHJIH UBeTbl?
Bw KyrnciH 6enbie irBerbi?
Bw KyiuDiH 6ejiwe UBeTbi hjih HeBecTw?
Bbi niooHTe qaň?
3
Bw jnoSuTe nHTb qan?
3
Bw jiioĎHTe nuTb KpenKHH qaň c jihmohom?
3
Bw JiK)6HTe nHTb ropnqHH qaň c jihmohom no yrpaM?
3
C KeM Tbi 6bin?
3
C KeM Tbi 6bin B^epa?
C KeM Tbi 6bin Bqepa b TeaTpe?
3
C KeM Tbi 6bm Bqepa b TeaTpe onepeTTw?
3
C KeM Tbi 6bin Bqepa b TeaTpe onepeTTM bo BpeMfl aHTpaKia?
3 1
3tot cpnnbM 6bin BbmymeHB 1980 rony.
3tot (J)HJibM, KoiopbiH Mbi nocMOTpejrn, I 6bui BbiJiymeH B 1980 rony.
3tot (J)HJibM, KOTOpbm Mbi nocMOTpejiH Bqepa, I 6bJJI BbUiyuieH b 1980 rony.
3tot 4>HJibM, KOTopbiň Mbi nocMOTpenn Bqepa b KHHOTeaTpe ,,Ma.hk*\l 6bin BbinymeH b 1980 rony.
YnpaiKHeHHe 14. Oiyuianre h noBTOpaňxe. CnejjHTe 3a HHTOHauHeH b cjiojk-hom BonpoaiTenLHOM npenno>KeHHH.
Tw noHHMaenib, b qé*M cyTb Bonpoca? Oh 3HaeT, rne HaxonHTCH 3tot My3eň?
3
Bh noHHMaeTe, o qě'm Hflě*T peqb b 3toh CTaTbe? Oh nonpocHn, qroSbi AHpeKTOp npnexan ciona? Tw cKa3ana, rne moxcho Kymm 6yMary?
3
BaM OTBeiHJiH, Kyna Hano o6paiHTbCH?
3
Bbi He 3HaeTe, rne momcho KynHTb 3ohthk?
3
Tw ySpana KHHry, Koropyio a 3a6bina Ha CTOne?
3
OHa OTBerana, nnn qero HyaceH 3Tot npenMeT?
3
Bac HHTepecyeT, cKonbKO 3to ctoht? 194
ynpajKHeHHe 15. ripocnyiuaňTe h npo*HTaRTe npennoaceHHÄ. IlpoaHajiHaH-pyííTe, b k3khx cnyijaHx npoBonHTC» vieHeHHe na 2 cHHTarMu.
3.1
Korná npHenenib, I noánčM k oray.
iloHAěM k OTiiy, Korná npHeneuib.
3 i 1 Korná ohh yiujiH, I ciano cKyqHO.
Ciano cKyqHO, Korná ohh yiujiH.
IloKa Mbi roBopHnn, I aBTOÖyc yinen.
ABTo6yc ynién, noica mu roBopHJiH.
3 , 1
Koraa mw BepHynHCb, I Bce y)Ke pa3omnHcb. Bce y)Ke pa30imiHCb, Korná mw BepHynHCb.
3      . 1
Korná noacnb nepeciaji, I mm nouBin nanbine. i
Mw nonniH nanbine, Korná np>Knb nepecTaji.
3 I
Korná Gynenib Bwe3>KaTb, I He 3a6ynb no3BOHHTb.
i
He 3a6ynb no3BOHHTb, Korná 6yneiiib Bbie3)KaTb. Korná a Bouién, I Bce cpa3y 3aMonqanH.
3
Bce cpa3y 3aMonnanH, Korná a Bouién.
3 1
BbíHjia H3 BaroHa, I oh ornaHynca. Oh ornaHynca, Bbrňna H3 Barona.
3 1
noxa ropena ne*ib, I 6wno coBceM Tenno.
Bbino coBceM Tenno, noKa ropena neib.
BepHyBiuHCb aomoh, ) mw nojiro CMeanHCb. i
Mw flonro CMeanHCb, bepHyBihhcb jj;omoh.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 161. CnyinaöTe, noBxopHHTe. 06paraTe BHHMaHHe Ha CMbicno-pa3JiHHHTejimyio ponb uneHeroiH.
1. CTyaeHT, npHexaBLUHH h3 Cynana b npomnoM rony, I Bwywi pyccKHH a3WK. CTyneHT, npHexaBuiHH H3 Cyaana, I b npomnoM rony Bwymui pyccKHH a3WK. 2. KaK o6panpBan hx I npne3fl neTeň! KaK
oöpanoBan hx npne3fl I neTeň! 3. OieHb 03ana*nmH ee i rmcbMa cwHa. OneHb osananjuiH ee nncbMa I cbma. 4. 3to nncbMO CTpacTHoro nioSHTe-na My3WKH I neTpa HnbHHa UaŽKOBCKoro. 3to nncbMO l CTpacTHoro nroÖHTena My3WKH neTpa Hnwwa MaÜKOBCKoro. 5. KaK nnmeT Ha-HanajibHHK napTHH H3 JfywwGe, I b MocKBy b MapTe npHeneT rpynna öypHnbuiHKOB. KaK nnuieT HaqanbHHK napTHH, I H3 XtymaHöe b Mock-
1 ripejjjioMceHHa b3htw H3 craTBH H. A. Bmcotckoh „Oiyan npoxBJíeHHH cMMCJiopa3nH«nrreniHoro 3HaieHHa cHHTarMaTHHecKoro «öieHeHHfl peyn". B c6.: „PaöoTa no (poHeTHKe h HHTOHauHH", MTY, 1967, c. 66.
195
By b MapTe npHener rpynna 6ypHnbinHK0B. 6. B cbh3h c yronHeHHeM iuiaHa paöoT Ha 1965 roa, I ycTaHOBJieflbi Apynie 3anaHHH. B cbh3h c yTOHHeHHeM raiaHa paöOT, I Ha 1965 ron, ycTaHOBJiem>i Apynie 3an.a-hhh. 7. HecMOTpH Ha ono3AaHHe nenerainiH, I npHiunocb npHHHTb ynacTHe b o6cy»cneHHH iuiaHa. HecMOTpa Ha ono3naHne, I neneranjiH npHuinocb npHHHTb ynacrae b oôcyacneHHH nnaHa. 8. „Haneacfla, I — BcnoMHHna hhhh, — jik»6ht BHnměBoe BapeHbe" HaaeacnaBcnoMHiuia: I „Hühh aioÖht BHinHéBoe BapeHbe**.
ynpaxcHeHKe 17. upocnyiuaHie h npoMHTaüTe npen/iOHceHHa. IIpocjieaHTe 3a HHTo Haimefi h wieHeHneM npn bbohhux cnoBax h npennoxceHHax.
K HauieMy BceooineMy yrjHBneHHio, I b nanaxKe HHKoro He OKa3a-
3 I 1
jiocb. K HaiueMy cnacTbio, I rpo3a MHHOBajia. K cnacibio, rp03a mhho-Baňa. K co>Kanemtio, I h He Morna OTBeTHTb Ha Bce Bamn nHCbMa. H He
1 13
Morna, k coacaneHHio. KaK bhaho, oh HeyMé'H. TaKHM o6pa30M, I
i i MOHCHO noABecTH HTora 3KcnepHMeHTa. JXojiyKHO 6biTb, oh oneHb ycTan.
3 3
Bbi, KaaceTCH, h3 JleHHHrpana? YrpoM, 3to Öbino b Hione Mecaue, I
1 3
HßaH HBaHOBHn neacan non HaßecoM (Toeo/ib). Baöynnca, KOTOpaa
Bcerna 6bma crpora k inanocTnM Monoflbix JiKßßH, KaK-ro cacannnacb
1 3       i 3
Han HannHUKHM. Bnponeivi, I Bepoarao, BaM cKa3ariH b iiryTKy, Gymo
1 _ 4
a BenHKHH craxOTBopen. rlpaBna, a Korna-io Haimcan HecKonbKO nno-
i 3 i
XHX 3mirpaMM, I ho, cnaBa 6ory, c rocnonaMH craxonsopnaiviH I HHne-
3       , 3
ro oSmero He HMeio I h HMexb He xony (JlyuiKUH).
ynpaxcHemie 18. IlpocnyiiiaHTe H npowraHTe Texcr no onepicy M. ľoptKoro „B. H. JleHHH".
CMEX HJTbHMA
HHKorna a He Bcrpenan nenoBeKa, Koiopbiň yMen 6m TaK 3apa-3HTenbH0 CMeaTbca, KaK CMeanca BnanHMHp HjibHM. Bbuio naace CTpaHHO BHneTb, MTO TaicoH cypoBbffl peajmcT, nenoBeK, KOTopbiň TaK xopomo BHjjHT, nyBCTByeT HeM36e>KHocTb BenHKHx couHanbHbix ipa-renHH, HenpHMHpHMbiň, HenoKoneÔHMbiH b cBoeň HeHaBHCTH k Mupy KanHTanH3Ma, mohkt CMeaTbca no-neTCKH, no cnÖ3, 3axné6bma-acb CMexoM. Bonbmoe, KpenKoe nyineBHoe 3ßopoBbe HyxcHo 6bino HMeib, mtoÔw Ta k CMeaTbca.
— Ox, na Bbi — KiMopHCT! — roBopnn oh CKB03b CMex. — Bot He npennonoran. *íěpT 3HaeT KaK CMeuiHO...
H, CTHpan cng3w CMexa, oh yace cepbě3H0, c xo porne ň, mhtkoh ynwÖKOH cKa3an:
— 3TO XOpOmO, tto Bbl MOJKBTe OTHOCHTbCfl k HeynaqaM KJMOpH-
CTHMecKH. H)M0p — npeKpacHoe, 3flopoBoe KanecTBO. 196
YnpajKHeHHe 19. IlpowraHTe paccKa3. CnejiaBTe HHTOHauHOHHbiH aHariH3 reKCTa. CnenHTe 3a npoH3HoiueHHeM pejxyuHpOBaHHbix rnacHux h mhtkhx co-rnacHbix. HaňflHTe cnoBa c cornacHbiMH r, x, npoH3Heentc hx.
nPOIUAHHE C JTETOM
HécKOJibKO AHeň jihji, He nepeciaBaH, xonónHbiň rj,o>Knb. B caný iiryMén MÓKpbm Bé Tep. B nerbipe nacá mw Mbi y»cé 3a>raráJiH naMnbi, h HeBOJibHo Ka3ájiocb, HTO jiéio OKÓHMHJiocb HaBcerná h 3eMna yxárjHT Bce nájibuie h flánbuie b rnyxne TyMáHbi, b HeyiÓTHyio TeMem> h cTyacy.
Bbüi KOHén HonSpíí - cáMoe rpýcTHoe BpéMH b uepéBHQ. Kot cnan Becb flCHb, cBepHyBLUHCb Ha cTápoM Kpécne, h B3npárHBan bo cue, Korná TěMHíifl noHcneBán KaruiH xnecrána b okho.
JlopórH pa3Mbbio. Ilo peKe Hecno HcenTOBaTyio neHy, noxoacyio Ha cÔHTbDÍ 6ejiOK. nocneÄHHe nranbi cnpHľrajTHcb, h bot y»ce ôonbiiie Hene'-jTH KaK hhkto Hac ne hüb e man — hh nen, Mhtphh, hh BaHH ManaBHH,
HH neCHHMHH.
Jlýqme Bceró 6bmo no BenepaM. Mm 3aTánnHBanH nenn. IllyMen oroHb, GarpÓBbie ÓTCBeTw npoacanH Ha 6peBeHMaTbix CTenax h Ha crápoo rpaBi&pe — nopTpexe xynÓHCHHKa EpKuincfea. OTKHHyBmncb b Kpécne, oh cMOTpén Ha Hac h, Ka3ánocb, TaK tks kslk h mw, OTno>KHB pacKpbt-Tyw KHHry, nýMan o npoMHTaHHOM h npncnyumB an ch k rynerono no>K-na no TecoBOH Kpbiine.
HpKO ropenn náMnbi, h bcc' nen h nen cbohS HexHTpyw nécmo Men-Hbrif caMOBáp-HHBami n. KaK TonbKO eró bhochjth b KÓMHaTy, b Hen cpá3y CTaHOBHnocb ywraee, mo>kct SbiTb, OTioró, mo cTéícna 3anoTeßa-nHHHe 6bmo BíinHo onHHOKOH 6epě'30BOH BeTKH, nem> h Honb crynaB-ineň b okhÓ. Ilocjie nan Mbi cannnncb y nennen h nHTanH. f
OnH£OKTj,bi Honbio h npocHynca ot cTpaHHoro omymeHHH. MHe no-Ka3anocb, mto n oraox bo cne. h neacan c 3aKpbiTbiMH rna3aMH, nônro npHcnýuJHBancH h, HaKOHeii, nóium, hto h He ornóx, a nónpocry 3a CTenarvM noMa HacryriHna Heo6biKHOBeHHaa THiiiHHa. TaKyio THumný Ha3bB3aH)T „MepTBoií'\ Ymcj) npacnb, ^yMep BeTep, yMep iiryMnHBbm, ÔecnoKOHHbBi can* Bbuio TónbKO aibinmo, KaK nocanbmaeT bo cne
KOT.
R OTKpbDi ma3a. Benbdf h d^bhhh cbqt Hanonram KOMHaTy. ň BCTan h nonomen k okh^ - 3a CTeioiaMH Bce 6bino CHe>KHo h 6e3MOnB-HO. B TyMaHHOM Hé6e Ha ronoBOKpyxaÍTenbHOH BbicOTé' CTonna onnHO-Kan nyHá, h BOKpýr Heé neperaiBancn acenTOBaTbiž Kpyr.
Korná m>\ Bbínan nepBwö CHer? h nonomén k lacáM. Ebino TaK CBemó, wo jícho nepHénH crpenKH. OhiÍ noKa3bmanH npa nacá.
íl yenyn b nonHonb. 3Ha*mT, 3a npa nacá TaK HeoöbiKHOBeHHo h3-MeHHnacb 3eMníí, 3a flBa KopoTKHx nacá nonn, necá h canbi 3aBopo>KH-na cTyaca.,.
^épes okho h yBHnen, KaK Gonbuián clpan nTHna cena Ha Bé'iKy KneHa b cany. BeŕTKa 3aKanánacb, c Hee' nocbinancn CHer. ílnína M^n: neHHO noniiHnácb h yneréna, a CHer Bce cwnanca, KaK CTeKnHHHbrií nojKEb, nanaiouTHH c enKH, IIotÓm CHOBa Bce cníxno.
197
npocHýjicfl PyBHM. Oh flonro cMOTpěn 3a okhó", B3npxHyji h CKa3án:
— nepBbm CHer óqem> k jmuý 3eMJié.
3eMUH 6buiá HapanHaa, noxóacaH Ha 3acTéHqHByio HeBecry.
(K. IlaycToecKuů)
ynpaxcHeHHe 20. IIpoiHTaHTe aMaiior. Cnennie 3a npoH3Hecčhhcm 3bykob
[r, x, p, p*, lil'] h HHTOHaUHCH.
3HMA
— 3flpáBCTByň, CBeuiaHa! 3aMěp3Jia? IipoxonH CKOpee, pašneBaň-ch. Tbi npeKpácHO BbrmxTiHinb!
— 3Haeujb, TaM TaicoH Mopcfe! TpáflycoB nB^nnaTb nflTb!
— Ha, 3HMa b 3TOM rony cypOBafl. H ónem 3HMy jiioojiio, a tbi?
— H Toxce. Bqepa 6bmá 3a roponpM. XonjciH HanbDKax, Kaiájincb Ha caHKax, raic Becejio 6bíno!
— A h Mopo3a Hcnyránacb. Hy, romeró, noňny Ha KaTOK b ai^nyio-mee BOCKpeceHbe. HaBan HHTb naň!
— C ynoBOJibCTBHeM. TaK npHHTHo c Mopo3a BbinHTb ropjíqero qaň-Ky noKpénqe!
—KaKoe BapeHbe tm 6ojibuie nroSniiib ~ BHiiiHěBoe hjih aSpmcoco-Boe?
— noKanyň, Jiyqme BHHměBoe.
ynpancHeHHe 21. npOMHTaHTc cthxotbopemie, npaBunbHO npoH3HccHTe 3By-kh [r, x, ji, p, >k, ui]. HanHuiHTe TpaHCKpHimHio Bbin;ejieHHMx en ob.
BEPĚ3A
Bejian 6epé*3a IlOfl mohm okhom npHHaKpbuiacb CHeroM, Tomho oepe6poM.
Ha rryiiiHCTbix BeTicax
Chokhoio KaňMoň
PacnycTHJiHCb khcth
Eénoň 6axpoMoň. H ctoht 6epe3a
B COHHOH THHJHHe. H rOpHT CHOKHHKH B 30JIOTOM OlW.
A 3apíí, JieHHBO 06xona KpyroM, 06cbmaeT BencH Hobwm cepeSpoM.
(c. Ecenun)
198
YnpajKHeHMe 22. ľl po oiy maure h npowraftre orauionf, cflejiaftTe HHToHaujt-oHHyio pa3MeTKy. Cnemrre 3a matko ctmo corjiacHbix 3syKOB. n p aB mimo apin-KynHpyttTe 3syKH [k, m, q'].
HEMHOrO I0MOPA
B KBapnfpe 3BOHHT TenecjKJH. BaGyiiiKa ôepeT TpyÖicy.
— BHyTca AOMa Hei, — roBopHT OHa.
— ByflbTe JiK)6e3Hbi, 3anHiunTe, mto eMy 3bohhji MajiOB.
— He paccflbiniajia!
— H npoHHKTyio no ÖyKBaM: Mnxann, AjieKceň, JleoHHA, Oner, BacHAHň. Bee noHamo?
— ÜMena  a nonana, Tenepb npoOTKTyirre, noacanyHcia, cpa-
MHJIHH.
*   * *
— Bbi 3HaeTe, npocfcieccop, MHe Bce BpeMH chhtch, hto a crari npo-epeecopoM. *íto nenarb, qroôbi moh chh cTanH HBbio?
— Menbine cnan», moö apyr!
* * *
~ CeroAHH Ha tcöh oriHTb KJiaccHaa pyKOBOflHTejibHiuia acanoBa-nacb, — roBopHT Man» cbiHHunce.
— He MoaceT sxoro 6biTb. Bern» a cerornia h b niKOne-to He 6btn.
YnpajKHeHHe 23. FIpooiyiuaHTe h npoMHTaflTe Ten ct. IIpoBenHTe qneHeime Ha cHHrarMbi h onpeneneTe thihj HK. HattnHTe h eine pa3 npoH3HecHTe oioBa, conep-jKamne 3ByKH [r, x, r\ x'].
KoMno3HTop 3flBapA Tpnr npoßonnn oce Hb b necaxoKono Eepre-Ha. OjJHaacnbi oh BcrpeiHJi b necy ManeHbKyio neBomcy c abymh kochh-K3MH — flOMb jiecHHKa. Ona co 6h pan a b necy enoBbie iimunoi.
~ KaK tc6h 30ByT, neBOiKa? — cnpooui TpHr.
— Hanoi neflepceH, — Bnonronoca OTBenina neßoqica.
— Bot Sena! — cKa3an Tpnr. — MHe Heqero Te6e nonapHTb. H He Homy b KapMaHe hh KyKOJi, hh jieHX, hh ÖapxaxHbix 3aini,eB. Cnymaň, Ha nm, n npHnyMan. H noflapio Te6e o ony HHiepecHyro Beim>. Ho TOJib-Ko He ceiwac, a neT Hepe3 necHTb.
HarHH nasce BcnnecHyna pyxaMH.
— Oii, icaK flonro!
— noHHMaeinb, MHe irymio eě eme* cflenaTb. . . Tw eine ManeHb-Kaa h MHororo He noHHMaeun». A Tenepb AaBaň Kop3Hmcy. Tm ee" efl-Ba Tamnuib. fi. npOBO>Ky Te6a.
HarHH B3AQXHyna h npoTanyna rpnry Kop3HHy. OHa neHCTBHTejib-Ho 6bma THíKěnaa. B enoBwx nmmKax MHoro cmojim, h no3TOMy ohh Be cat ropa3flo 6b ji bine cochobmx.
199
Harm my My3biKy, — pennm rpnr. — Ha 3arnaBH0M nucie h npHKaaey HaneqaTaTb: „j^anm nenepceH — noqepn necHHqero, Korna eň HcnojiHHTCH BOceMHaauaTb neT"».
B boceMHaflnaTb jieT üanra OKommna iincony. OHa qacxo xonnjia b TeaTp h offHaacflM nouina Ha KOHuepT, KOTOpbiň npoxonnn b ropoij-ckom napKe noA OTKpwTbiM HeôoM. B bin TeruibiH HioHb. Ctohjih 6e-
Jlbie homh.
JIarHH BnepBbie oibiuiana cHM(}>OHHqecKyio My3WKy. OHa npoH3Be-na Ha Hee cTpaHHoe nežcrane. Bee nepejiHBbi h rpOMbi opKecxpa Bbi3br Bann y flarHH MHO>KecTBo KapTHH, noxojicHx Ha chh.
üotom oHa B3flporHyna h nonirajia ma3a. Eii noqynjDiocb, mo xy-npH Myacqroia bo eppaxe, oÖbflBHBiuHÖ nporpaMMy KOHuepTa, Ha3Ban
eě HM H.
flarmi B3floxHyjia TaK rnyôOKO, mo y Heě* 3a6onejia rpynb. C Havana OHa HHqero He cnbiniana. BHyrpH y ne'e uryMena 6ypH. noTOM OHa Ha-KOHeii, ycjibiiiiana, KaK noěi paHHHM yipoM nacTyuiecKHH dohcok h b OTBeT e My cothhmh ronocoB, qy-n» B3jj,porHyB, OTKJiHKaeTCH, KaK 3XO, cTpyHHbiň opKecrp.
MejiorjHH poena, nonwManacb, 6ynieBana, KaK BeTep, Hecnacb no BepuiHHaM flepeBbeB, cpbmana nncTba, Kaqana TpaBy, 6ana b jihiio xo-
JIOJJHblMH 6pbI3räMH. . .
,11a! 3to 6bui eě nec, eě* poHHHa! Eě* ropw, necHH poacKOB, uryM eé mo pa!
TaK, 3HaqHT, 3to 6bui oh! Tot cenpz qenoBeK, qTo noMor ež none-CTH KOp3HHy c enoBbiMH uwuiKaMH. 3to 6bin 3nBapn Tpnr, Bonmeö-
hhk h BenHKHH My3bIKaHT!
TaK bot tot no napo k , qro oh oßenian eö cnenaTb qepe3 necan» neTÍ JXarHH ruiaKana, He cKpbnsaacb, cne3aMH ÖnaronapHocm
(IIo K IlaycToecKOMy)
YAAPEHHE B CJ10BAX >KEHCKOľO POflA (nOBTOPEHME)
YnpajKHeHMe 24. riocraBbTe naHHbie cyiuecTBHTejibHbie bo MHOXcecTBeHHoM HHcne. Cn e flu Té 3a chbutom ynapeHHH.
O 6 p a 3 e u: rpaeá - rpdabi
Jlyuia, 3CMJIH, BOHHa, TiopbMa, pyKa, rnaßa, peKa, ceMbH, cecTpa, HTpa, H3Öa, Bona, rp03a, cynböa, crpaHa, uera, crania, crreHa, CKana, Tpy6a, cocHa, jraca, OBna, Hrna, 6ena, xera, 3Mea.
YnpaiKeHHe 25. ľl po imanie cnoBocoMeTaHHH, aienjiTe 3a yflapeHHeM b cno-Bax HceHCKoro po na.
Tojibie cKaribi, BbicoKne cocHbi, nane'iaie crpaHbi, nepeBHHHbie h3-6bi, fleTCKHe Hrpbi, MHHepanbHbie Bonti, HH3Kne lichm, KajvieHHbie CTe-
200
hm, „MöpTBbie nyiuH", 3axBaTHHiecKHe bohhm, masM khufh, 6biCTpwe
peKH, CHJIbHbie pyKH.
YnpajKHeHHe 26. CocraBbTe oioBocoMeTaHH« co cnenywiuHMH cyiuecTBHTejib-HbiMH jKeHcKoro popa ponjiTejibHoro naneaca:
Ynpa>KHeHHe 27. üocraBbTe cnenyiomHe cnoßa b bhhht€jii>hom naneace enHH-cTBeHHoro MHcna, noMHHTe o cnBHrc yaaperoia.
ynpawHeHHe 28. IIpocKJioHxftTe cnenywmHe cymecTBHTejibHbie ächckopo po Ha, cneflHTe 3a chbhtom ynapemiÄ.
BjiacTH, nsepH, hobocth, mcjiomh, o&iacTH, im o mann, pew, pojiH, CTeim, cTpacTH, BeiuH, noMepn, Maiepn.
YnpaxcHeHHe 29. IIpoH3Hechtc cnoßa c no ctokhhum ynapeHHeM Ha cy(p(J>HK-cax h OKomamuix:
-obk (a) ~ jiucToeKa, ooAUiioeKa, Kypcoexa -übk (a) — HoneeKa, nyfěsKa
- em, — Meresib, Konbiöejib, xanejib (ho: euöeab, Meöenb)
-ot(a) — öeÖHoTa, öbicrpora, znyxora, aycTora, doöpora, Kpac-
hotü, npHMora, renaora, huctoto, umpora
-yp(a) — nuTeparypOy apxuTexTypa, peaucrparypa, npocßeccypa,
acnupoHTypa
-OTH(h) — TO/IKOTHH, ÖeZOTHSl
-H3H (a) — 6enu3Ha, ncaaTU3Ha, Hoeu3Ha, KpymsHO, Kpuemua -5a - najiböß, crpe/ibôa, MO/ibÖa, xodböa, pe3b6a
YnpajKHeHHe 30. 06pa3yttTe cymecTBHTenbHue npH noMouni cy(p<pHKca —ocTb oT npHnaraTeJibHbix h npocnenjnre 3a ynapeHHeM.
O 6 p a 3 e n;: dep3Kuü — dep30crb,
raffKHH cnanKHH ihGkhh        b o crtHTa hhmh
Mep3KHH 3ajjyMqHBbDÍ pejJKHH fleJIOBHTblH
YnpaiKHeHHe 31. TIocTaBbTe cnoßa h3 ckoöok b HyjKHOM naneace. IIoMHMTe o cnpHrax ynapeHHH.
MajibMHK rmn (eoda). Yhchhk noBecHJi (raÔAuua) Ha (docKo), a reorpa^HHecKyio Kapiy Ha (cTena). Mm bcw (ßimä) npoHaum Ha na-ie. BHjjHiUb bot (3T0 eopa) ? üorpeii (cnum) y onia. Oieu noniEDKH-Baji cbok) (öopoda). TpaicTOp nponoHoui nepsyio (6opo3Ôa). JJaň wwe
BÓHHbi, CTpäHbi, cTeHbi, pyKH, hofh, rnäBH, cScTpbi, nrpbi, TpaBbi.
npcKa rojioBa ôbpona Bona
ropa 3HMa nyuia Hora CTOpoHa pyKa
3eMJlH CIIHHa
meKa
6opo3na
6opoHa
CTeHa
201
(pym). Mm OTOUOTH b {cropom), dapHK HaKjiOHHJi (zo/ioea). CecT-pa nouenoBana 6paTa b (uteica). Otohah b (cTopom).
ynpaxaieHHe 32. nporaraTHe npemoaceinui, cnenHTe 3a ynapemieM h penyK-iLueň macHbix.
1. Rem urpajTH y cKajiw. CKanbi ônecxejiH Ha cojiime. 2. riiHUbi yjieiaioT b xapiaie CTpaHbi. Bm h3 k axon crpaHbi? 3. Ona He nonana py-KH. Moh pyKH MbuiOM. 4. PeKa cnoKOHHa Heaia cboh boam. MHoro bo-nbi yreicno c Tex nop. 5. KaMerotbie creHbi KpenKH. He ctoh y creHbi. 6. Jinn wo 3th Tpy6w? Cmotphtc, Bona hačt h3 Tpy6w, 7. Mm He xo-
THM BOÖHbl. BOHHbl npHHOCHT MHOTO TOpH. 8. H yoibixan MHOrO HO-
BocTeň. 9. Ot ja6yna ocranocb HecKonbKO Jionianeň.
Y PO K N° 17
nPOM3HOUJEHME rpynľl COrílACHblX
(nPOflOJDKEHME).
HEľlPOM3HOCMMblE COrJlACHblE.
CJIOBA C YflBOEHHblMM COr/lACHblMM.
COHETAHMfl hh, hk, a*. COHETAHMH
COHOPHblX C COrjlACHbIMM B KOHU.E
CJ10B. HHTOHAUMfl nPEA/lOWEHMfl
C MOAAJ1bHO-3KCnPECCMBHblM 3HAHEHMEM.
nP0M3H0UJEHHE rpynn corjiACHbix,
HEnPOM3HOCMMblE COrilACHblÉ
B coBpeMeHHOM pyccKOM H3biKe npH cTeqeHHH Tpe'x (h ôbnee) cornacHbix 3bykob Mexgry rnacHbiMH oahh h3 cornacHbix MOHcei He npoH3HOCHTbCH, TaKHe cornacHbie Ha3biBaioTCH Hen po h3Ho chmmmh . ^aine Bcero BbinanaioT cornacHbie t h a. 3anoMHHTe HeKOTopbie coqeTaHHH c HenpoH3HOCHMbiMH corjiacHbiMH:
-cth npOH3HOCHTCH K3K ch: U38eCTHblÜ, ÖeCKOpblCTHblÜ
-3flH npOH3HOCHTCH ksk 3HI n03ÔHO, npa3ÔHUK.    B CJIOBaX 6e3d~
m h 6e3803Me3dHbiu [a] He Bbinanaei, ho npoH3HocHTca MeHee oměT-jdíbo;
-cm npoH3HocHTCfl K3K en: cmcmuebiü, 3aeucmu8biü. B cjiOBe xeacT/iuebiü [t] coxpaHHeTca b othSttthbom crime pe*m. B cnoBe koct/ihsmü [t] He Bbmaflaer;
-pAfl h -nim, npoH3HocHTCH KaK pn, h híí: cepdue, comue;
-ctck npOH3HOCHTCH K3K uck: MCtpKCUCTCKUÜ, riponazanducrcKuu.
202
-bctb npOH3HOCHTCÄ KSK ctb B CJIOBaX 3dpa6CT8yŮ, Hy6CT60 H HX
npoH3BorjHbix. B ocrajibHbix aiyqaax -bctb- npoH3HOchtch kek -4>ctb: éaaoecreo, eopoecreo, xeacroecreo.
-hack npoH3HOchtch KaK hck:  eojuiaHdcKUüt luomandcKuü.
ynpaxcHeme 1. CnyinaftTe, noBTopARxe.
M3BeCTHbIH, MeCTHbrii, n03JJHO, 3flpaBCTByH, HeHaCTHblH, neCTHblH, paffOCTHbTH, THrOCTHblH, qaCTHblH, COBMeCTHO, MCCTHOCTb, OKpeCTHOCTb, BeCTHHK, HieCTHaniiaTb, CBHCTHyTb, B3rpyCTHynOCb, rHraHTCKHH, 4>hh-
jixHdcKuü, 0/ioMaHdcKuü, MapKcucTCKUÜ, ÖOAbiueeucTCKiiü, uyecreo, comu.e, azeHTcreo, doonecmbiü, ceepcmuK, KOMendaHTCKuu, MWiura-
pUCTCKUÜ, HpOCTHblü, /leCTHUUa, HeCWCTHblÜ, CTpaCTHblÜ, yCTHblÜ, KOH-TpaCTHblH.
ynpaxcneHHe 2. 06pa3yftTe npHnaraTejitHtie ot nauHbix cymecTBHTejitHWx. rpycTb, npenecTb, paflocTb, cnacTbe, wen», CTpacTb, npoe3fl, 3JiocTb,
rOJUiaHAHH, HIOTJiaHnHH, KOMeHfläHT.
ynpaxcHeHMe 3. npowTaftTe oioBocoqeTaHHH.
H3BecTHbrii My3biKaHT. MapKCHCTCKHH KpyacoK. MeCTHbrii qenoBeK. OGnacTHoö ropoa. PanocTHoe H3BecxH6. KpenocraoH k pecTbHHHH. OnaMaHflCKaa jKHBonncb. THrocraoe BneqaTJieHHe. ^acTHbrií Bonpoc. rnraHTCKHe flocTHaceroiH. Hama MCCTHOCTb. MHe coBecTHo. HeHacTHbiH fleHb. HHKonaw mecrHaniiaTb nei. Eivry B3rpycTHynocb. hoopoe cepn-up. HpocTHbie araKH. JlecrabiH 0T3biB. Yjice no3flHo. MHe rpycTHo.
YnpajKHeHHe 4. ľlpoMHTaHTe npeanoHceHHH, oieAHTe 3a npoHsuomeHHeM BbiAejieHHbix cnoB.
IlpHXOflH, TOJibKO He no3AHO. Ha npa3flHHKe 6buiH 3apyôeacHbie rócTH. Cojimie cBeTHJio HpKO. Ha cépnue pánocmo. 3npáBCTByH, cójiHue na yTpo Becejioe! (Hukutuh) HenoBeK HenpHflTHbiň: 3aBHCTjni-
BbflH H XBaCTJIHBbrii. 3flpaBCTByH, KHH3b Tbl MOH npeKpácHblH, WTO Tbl   THX,   K£LK pfiKb  HeHaCTHblH?      (JlyuiKUH).  UjIpKOBOH HaeanHHK
BocxHTHji 3pHTejieň. Ha BbiCTaBKe 6buiá npeACTáBJíeHa dmaMaHACiaui 5KHBormcb. Mopo3 h cójiHue, neHb qyriécHbui, emě Tbl ApcMJiemb, npyr npenécTHUH? (UyiuKun). B biu o rpýcTHO paccTaB&rbCH, Hac oxBamrio qyBCTBO oaHHÓiecTBa.
HanneBaTb MHe Ha H3BécTHocrb
H Ha TO, 4T0 H IT.03T.
3jy MáxjieHbKyio MecTHOCTb He BHnan h mhoto JieT.
(c Eceuun)
B o6erA erjTH yÖHHCTBeHHyio b cboÖm onHooôpá3HH nócTHyio *ie-íeBHAy (H- OcTpoecKuu). Hanp no3BOHHTb b novroBoe areHTCTBo.
203
Ha npá3flHHKe OKTííGpbCKoň roflOBiijHHbi BcnoMHHJi b hob b öbuibie BpeMeHa... H Tomne 6e3pánocTHbie HHBbi (McaKoecKuÜ)
n<Í3flHJw oceHb, rpaHH yneTéVm... (Hexpacoe). 3a ctojiom coöpa-
JTHCb  MOH   CBépCTHHKH.   TeMHHUbl  pyXHYT, H  CBOOOfla Bac IipHMeT
páflocTHO y Bxóna (ITyiuxuH). MHe H3B^crHa aas ho 6ecKopwcTHaa apý>K6a MyjKCKáfl (BaHiueuxuu). BojiHbi apocTHo 6HJiHCb o 6eper. H BCTpeTHji eró Ha necnotue. 3to ynpajKHeHHe cnenaÄTe ycrao.
CJIOBA C yflBOEHHbIMM COrilACHblMM
B pyccKOM H3biKe OTcyrcTByioT npnnie 3ByKH, ho ecTb p«n, chob c ynBoeHHbiMH corjiacHbiMH, HanpHMep: Anna, Kacca. He Bcer.ua HarmcaHHe ynßoeHHbrx coraacKbix cooTBexciByeT npOH3HonieHHio, HanpHMep: axxopd, cuinen, a/ineeopun, epoMMaTuxa, xo/i/iexme,
K0MMyHU3M,   MUAAUOH,   MWUlUapÔ,   MUAAUMeTp,   MeTOfUl, KipeCCU,
npozpecc, reppuTopun.
OnnaKo b pane cnynaeB HarmcaHHe h npoH3HouieHHe cjiob c ynBoeH-HbiMH cornacHbiMH coßnanaeT. OÖmhho 3TO 6bmaeT b cnoBax, rn.e ynBoeHHOMy cornacHOMy npenaiecTByeT ynaperoie. 3anoMHHxe Hanôo-jiee ynoTpeÖHTenbHbie cjiOBa: eänua, eaMMa, doji/iap, xdcca, Macca, Anna, Hoee/ma, npécca, cyMMa, tShhu, rpdcca.
Bo MHorHX cnoBax pyccKoro H3biKa ynBoeroie comacHoro nponc-xoflHT Ha cTWKe Mop4)onorHHecKHx qacTeň: npncTaBKH h KopHfl (pac-c/iedoeaTb, 6e33a6~OTHbiü, eeedenue), KopHH h cy4><|>HKca (oauhhuü, nyHHbiü, 3üKOHHbiu). OÖbWHo b TBKHx cnyqaHx opcporpa^HÄ COOTBeTC-TByeT npoH3HouieHHK), a b HeKOTopwx cnoBax Heco6nion,eHHe HopM npOH3HoiueHHH jj,a>Ke Beflex k HCKa>KeHHK> CMbicjia, HanpHMep: eeedenue — eedenue, eeodmiü - eodmiü, dnunna — dnuna.
npoH3HomeHHe ynBoeHHoro comacHoro npoHcxonHT TaiOKe Ha cTbiKe npeanora h 3HaMeHaienbHoro cnoßa, HanpHMep: e Bempuu, e eode, nod depeeoM, c coöaxoü, k xawre, 6e3 3e/ieuu. Ecjih 3HaMe-HHTenbHoe cjiobo oKaHHHBaeTCH, a nocnenyromee HawHaeTCH onHHM h TeM )Ke cornacHbiM, to stot comacHbďi Ha CTbiKe npyx cnOB Taioice ynBaHBaeTcn: doM~MaTepu, eof^fearp, uauTliiocßep. B HeKOTopwx
cnyHaflx  Ha&iionaeTCH   flBJieinie   accHMHJiHUHH: OTdeji[p], ordan frj
[fl], nodrojiKHyTb [t], e (ßeepane [$].
B TaKHx cnyqaHx B3pbrßHwe cornacHbie t h n, npoH3HocHTCH c npn-
thm 3äTBOpOM, T. C KOHMHK H3WKÜ He MTHOBCHHO pa3MbIKaeTCÄ C
nepenHHMH 3y6aMH, a HecKonbKo 3anepxcHBaetch b stom nonoHcemni. C p a b HHTe npOH3HonieHHe: Ty/ia h sot Ty/ia. JJomom h Had doMOM.
C  ynBoeHHhiMH  cornacHbiMH npoH3HocflTca npHJiaraTenbHbie, HMeioLUHe cJienyroiitHe cy^HKChí: -eHH-: KAWKeeHHbiu, co/iOMeHHbiu, 6one3HeHHbiu;
204
-OHH-: opeaHU3auuoHHbiü, peeo/ifouuoHHbiü, no3uu,uoHHbiü; -oBaHH-: opeaHU306aHHbiü, a/ieKTpugluuupoeaHHblü.
ynpancHemie 5. npocJiyuiaftTé h conocraBKre npoH3HoineHHe cJienyioiuHx nap CJIOB.
ynpaxcHeHHe 6* Cn y maňte, noBTopHHTe,
a) CcwnaTb, BOccTaHOBHTb, 6e33aKOHHHH, öeccjienHbui, paccoji, paccjienpBaTb, 6e33a6oTHbDÍ, 6e33aBeTHbm, bbo3, BBenemie.
6) 06 6eper, nonnepacaTb, noflTojiKHyrb, oTflen, 06 non, oiflaib, 06 neHb, oTToro, ot tcx, onepexb, noanejiKa, npernnjepHe, non aomom.
ynpaxcHeHHe 7. IIpoHHTaHTe npejjnojKeHHÄ, BbwenHre cnoBa, conepjicamHe cornacHue c npjirHM 3aTBOpOM.
MoTOUHKJi orbexan ot flOMa. 3to nozmejiKa. 3aňnH b TpaHcnopT-HMH oTflen. OTnaň moio KHHry. IIoa nyöoM rpHöbi. HaA aomom ammok. Bot Tonop. Bot Ta6ax. 3tot TOBap AyMine. Mw mum non TannHHOM.
ynpaxcHeHHe 8. Oiymanxe, noBTopaftTe, cnennre 3a npoH3HomeHHeM [b]. B BeHTpHH, b BopOHOKe, HMeTb B BHAy, B BHHÔ, B BaHHe, B BORG»
b BOAoneqe6HHite, b BaroHe, b Ba3e, BBepxy, bboa, bbo3, BBOflHTb,
BB03HTb, BBOJIK).
YnpaxcHeHHe 9. npocnyuiaHxe h npoHMTaňTe, npaBHJitHo npoH3hochtc yn-BoeHHbie coniacHtie Ha crtiKe cjiob.
C Cameo, c Chmoü, c caxapOM, c coaho, c coôaKoň, c cwpoM. Be3 3hhm, 6e3 3aBHciH, 6e3 3a6oTbi, 6e3 3apa6oTKa, 6e3 3onoTa, H3 Chphh, H3 Ch6hph. K Kaie, k khho, k Kacce, k KopHAopy, k KaioTe, k KoHCTaHTHHy, k KneBy. B BOßß, b BonrorpaAe, b B03Ayxe, b boc-CTaHHH, b Bbiôopax, b BeHeuHH, b BaHHe. floM ManeHbKHH; TaM motko; TaM M3ÜK; Tom MHjibiň; b am iuKa<|>; Ham map; Ham nio4>ep.
ynpajKHeHHe 10. CnymaňTe, noBTopÄHrc, cjicahtc 3a apíMKyjiHUHeft [(p]. B (J>HAbMe, b OhHJIHHAHH, B 4>OpMe, b (J)OTOXpOHHKe, b <J>yHAaMeH-
Te, b 4>ypaHoce, b (J)H3HKe, b <f)H3HOjiorHH, b <J>H3KyAbType, b (Juuioao-ľHH, b <J>hjioco4>hh, b 4>apiyKe, b <J>eBpane, b 4>eAeparrHH, b <J>Hrype.
ynpaxaieHHe U. IlpoH3HecHTe cnoBocoqeTaHHfl, cjienHTe 3a npoH3HouieHHeM
Cy(p(pMKCOB -eHH, -OHH.
Bone3HeHHbrií bha, kjiiokbeHHwň Mopc, hcicycctbeHHbrií cnyr-HHK, o6eAeHHbrií nepepbiB, peBonwmiOHHbie co6biTHíi, ceHcauHOHHoe H3BecTHe, arHTaiTHOHHaa KaMnaHHH, BpeMeHHoe npaBHTenbCTBo, op-raHH3aini0HHbie Bonpocu.
ceopa — co p a
BBOflHT — BO AH T
BBenemie — b e ne Hne
njoíHHa — AAHHa
BBOAHbra — BOAHblH
ccbinaTb — cbinaTb
205
ynpajKHeHHe 12. IIpowTaRTe, cneflHxe 3a npoH3HomeHH6m yímoeHHoro [h] .
KapTHHHbiň, BeceHHHH, 6aHHbiň, Komaiň, pehhhh, KaMeHHbiň, ie-jie(J)OHHbiM, crapHHHbiH, nyHHbm, njmmrbiH, 6buiHHHbiH, nocTopoHHHM,
COHHbIH, OCeHHHH, CTeHHOH, AOMeHHbIH, MHKDO(J)OHHb[h, iryCTblHHMH, CITHHHOH, 3aK0HHbIH.
ynpaMCHeioie 13. Cnyuiaftre h noBTOpaHTe cnoBa cyxnjoeHHMMH comacHLiMH. HoBejina, KjiaccoBbiň, rpynna, Kacca, ipacca, cyMMa, BaHHa, Mac-
CHB, neCCHMH3M, IlIOCCe, TOHHa.
ynpaxcHeHHe 14. ílpoqHTanTe npeano>KeHHfl, cneatrre 3a HHTOHauHeft. Burai-iiiHTe cnoBa c yaBoeHHbíMH cornacHtiMH. IlpoH3HecHTe hx eme pa3.
Tw MHTaji 3Ty HOBeiuiy? Ha močce Macca Hapona. Ham KBapTaji yKpauiaeT MaccHB 3eneHH. rpynna TypncTOB nojrbexana k My3ero. He 6ynb neccHMHCTOM! ynnaTH HyacHyio cyMMy b Kačce. Tpy3 Becni npe TOHHbi, AHHa npHexana yTpoM? Bona b Bamie ropiwaH? 3ia Tpac-ca ejih aBToroHOK?
YnpajKHeHHe 15. 3anoMHHTe cnosa, b KOTOpux HanHcaKHe ynBoeHHux cornacm>ix He cootbeTcrayex npoH3HoineHHio.
ajuiea	arpeccHH	aHHyjiHpoBaib
aHHOTamiH	anejuiHUHH	aCCHCTCHT
annapaT	aname	anneTHT
arrecTaT	aHHeKCHH	aKKypaTHbiň
6appHKana	SacceiiH	6anjioH
GronneTeHb	rpaMMaiHKa	ranjiKJUHHaujíH
nenpeccHH	flHCKyCCHil	jipeccHpoBKa
HJIJIIOMHHaUHfl	HHTenjiHreHT	HnnoíípoM
KOJUieKTHB	KOJuieKimH	KOMHCCHH
K ojijio kb h yM	KOppeKTHB	KOppeKTHbIH
Koppyroma	Korrenxc	KOMMeHTapHH
KjiaccHqecKHH	KoppecnoHfleHt	MHjuiHapn
MHJLJTMOH	onno3HimH	OKKynauMH
onnoHeHT	onnopTyHHCT	napajuiejTb
naccaacnp	npo(|)eccop	neppoH
nporpeccHBHbiH	pOKHCCép	Teppaca
TeppHTOpHH	Teppop	34>4>eKT
COHETAHMfl Hr,HK, a>k
COMeTaHHH HTHHKB pyCCKOM H3bIKe npOH3HOCHTCH C OTMělJlH-
boh hbohhoh apraKyjiaimH: CHanana nepenHeH3bWHbiň [h], 3aTeM -3anHeH3bMHbie [r, k] : wuaa, coarhkcl. B nejifix TpeHHpoBKH apTHKy-jibuhh nojie3Ho npoH3HomeHHe no cnoropa3flejiy: can-Ku, eon-Ku,
206
cTeHKCL B pyccKOM H3biKe b coieTaHHHX comacHoro [ h] c rnacHtiM oTcyTCTByer hocoboh npH3ByK, HanpuMep, b cnoBax: kohchskt, koh-eepr, jiumoh, oh.
CoqeTaHne nxc npoH3HocHTcn c hbohhoh apiHKynarnieň: cHa^ajia 3yÖHOH [a], 3aieM umnnuxnii [ac] . IIojie3HO T3K)Ke npon 3Ho nie Hue no cnoropa3nejry: toô-xuk, nud-xcaK.
ynpaMCHeime 16. CjtyiuaHTe, noBTopairre.
3bohkhh, KOHrpecc, KomcpeTHbiH, nopTÄHKH, HHHbKa, miSmca, nonflHKa, TOHKHH, (JpyHKiTHH, BnproHKy, BeHrpw, roHKH, HiiaHra, uie-penra( rpemcH, nemrH, 6aHKa, ciaiHHKa, caHKH, roura, Ha qbnaHre, 6aH-KeT, cMeTamca, copHHKa, Mannmca, KannHKa, pnÖHHKa.
ynpaxcHeHHe 17. 05pa3yBTe cymecTBHTejiwiMe npH iiomouih yMeHbiuHTeJife-HO-nacKaTejiBHoro cycpcpHKca -hhk-, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HouieHHeM [hk],
O 6 p a 3 e n.: moauhü - moauhkü
CMoponHHa, pflöHHa, MajiHHa, KajiHHa, ropoiintHa, naymHa, cojio-MHHa, nnacTHHa, noriOBHHa.
ynpaxcHeime 18. a) 06pa3yttTe cymecTBHTeJimoe aceHCKoro pon.a ot cnenyio-iuhx cymecTBHTenBHbix MyxccKoro pona, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HouieHHeM coHeTamm
HK.
O 6 p a 3 e a: epy3UH - zpy3UHKCu
ApMHHHH, oceTHH, HcnaHen,, KyÔHHeii, aMepHKaHeu, cnaBHHHH,
aHTJmHaHHH, BOJIXCaHHH, KHeBJÍHHHH, KOKaHHH, ceBepAHHH, emnTHHHHý KpeCTbHHHH, nypHTaHHH.
6) IIpoMHTaHTe cnoBa, BtmeJieHHtie coneTaHHü npoH3HocHTe k3k [hht, hhk].
MHranauKfl, hhkbh3hhhh, HHKpycranHH, HHKaccaiop, HHKyöaxop.
ynpaxcHeHxe 19. npowraHTe npenjioxeHH^ cnenHTe 3a HHTOHaimeH. Bw-imuíHTe cnoBa c coieTaHHaMH hk, Hr, npoH3HecHTe hx.
K oöeny nonajrH GynbÓH c rpeHKaMH. B Haineň rpynne ý^aTC* BeHrpw.  B03bMH cÍHKH h BbIXOflH ryJIÄTh, OßbÄCHH e\lý BCe KOHKpeTHO,
3to MacTep cnópia no DxraHre. B höm 3aKnioqáeTCH er<5 4>ýíiKnHÄ? Pa3fláncH   ynáp roura. Pa3jj,anHCb 3BOHKHe ronocá. OTKpóň ôámcy
KOHCepBOB.   Tbl  KyTBUI  (})OTOrin'éHKy? meHKH  3ajIHBájIHCb 3B0HKHM
naeM. H noöexcan BnproHKy. V" Mapro TOHKHe qepTbi nmia. Ynpa)KHeHHe 20. CnyuiaHTe, noBTopaftTe.
AflXCapHÄ, Tan>KHK. Ta^>KHKHCTaH, nOA>KHH, Ä5Ka3, flKHIHT, n»COH-
Ka, řpKyHiTiH, MarapajjHca, naceMnep. JIpkhm, nace m, jpkhhcw, JJacyrneT-
Ta, npKeHTHbMeH,  ŘXO, JpKHH, OCTpOBa OhA)KH, JIpKeK, nHHJKaK.
207
COHETAHHfl COHOPHblX C COr/IACHblMM B KOHLTE CJlOB
B pyCCKOM H3MKe CJIOBa, OKaHMHBaiOmHeCH CO^eTZlHHilMH COHOp-HblX [p, Jl, m, H] c COmaCHblMH (dOÖp, MUHUCTp, CMOTp) , npOH3HOCHT-
CH 6e3 KaKHX-JiHÖo flononHHTenbHbix npH3ByK0B b 3THX coqeiaHHHx: mu [cV], Tea [Tp], cov,uanu [3m] .
YnpaiKHeHHe 21. Giyuiaita^ noBTopaftTe.
Mapc, 6oH3Hb, (pexp, HanajiM, xojim, qenH, thmh, iirrypM, Kaflp, xcaHp, cj)HnbTp, Bopc, cepn, 4>apm, scTajvin, pHTM, KOMMymwM, coima-
JIH3M, »CH3Hb, CMOTp, MhlCJIb, THľp, CMblCJI, MHHHCTp, BHXpb, TCaTp,
KopM, Herp, JJpenp.
YnpaxKetnte 22. npowiTaflTe npennoKemra, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HOiueHueM
COHOpHblX b COMeTaHHH c COrJiacHBlMH B KOHUe CJTOB.
yCKOpeHHblň  pHTM cépfllia.  HpKaK XCH3Hb. CMOTp  6oeBbIX CHJI
CTpaHbi. Mbicjib o 6paTe 6ecnoKOHJia mqhÁ, OrpÓMHbiň rarp. Kaicóň CMbicji Tyflá exaTb? Mhhhctp HHOcTpáHHbix nen. Bot TeaTp. Kanp H3 cJjHJiBMa. Bony nponycTibiH qepe3 cJMUibTp. Mhchoh (papiu. npHaTHbrii 3CTíiMn. Mapc — ruiaH^Ta. Mu 6ácipo B3o6pajiHCb Ha xojim. PeKa XUienp. ÜTHiiaM naM KopM.
MHTOHAUMfl nPEflriO>KEHM^
C MOflA/lbHO-3KCnPECCHBHblM 3HAHEHMEM
HHTOHaijHH qbpa3 c MOflanbHo-3KcnpeccHBHbiM 3HaqeHneM Bbipaxca-eT MHoroo6pa3He qejioBeqecKHx qyBCTB: rneB, panpcTb, cTpax, oôner-qeHHe, coMHeHHe, 6e3pa3JiHHHe, oönny, HeHOBHCTb, oTqaaroie, ynHBneHHe.
TaK, HanpHMep, cppa3y 3to eama Kuuza? moucho npoH3HecTH c
HHTOHailHeH    yjJHBJieHHH H TpH pa3a no-pa3HOMy: B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT
toto, uro ynHBnaeT, hchtp HK MoaceT 6biTb b KaxcnpM H3 Tpex cjiob.
3KcnpeccHBHO OKpauieHw h MOflanbHbie HHTOHauHH, cnyacaiUHe ana BOJieBoro B03fleHCTBHH Ha noBefleHHe coÖeceuHHica hjih OKpyacaio-urnx. *Iame Bcero ynoTpe6jihk»tch TaKHe rnnw BoncH3i>HBJieHHA, KaK TpeooBaroie, npocb6a, 3anpemeHHe, yrpo3a, coBeT, npH3biB, npnr-
JiailieHHe, HHCTpyKHHH.
OBjiafleHHe HHTOHaimeň sKcnpeccHH 6braaeT objiee 3<jp(J)eKTHBHbiM b nponecce xcHBoro o6meHHn c hochtcjijimh a3biKa.
OcOÖeHHOCTbH) HHTOHaUHH 3M0ITHH HBJIHCTCH xapaKTepHaa TeMÔpO-
Baa oKpacKa yflapHbix rjiacHbix 3ByKOB, SwcTpaa cMeHa TeMna h ypoB-Hež to Ha b npenyaapHOH h 3aynapHOH qacTax HK, yjjpiHHeHHe ynapHbix macHbix b ueHTpax HK.
CoflepacaHHe 3MoimoHajibHoro BbicKa3biBaHHH Macro nojjqepKHBa-eTCfl ncKCHqecKHM cocraBOM npenjioaceHHH, HanpHMep, b BonpocHTejib-
208
hom npennoaceHHH racnnia pcaee ycHTiHBaeT ynHBneHHe (Pcaee m ne 3HOA?); Heyxeau — ynHBneHHe h HenoBepne (Heyxeau m 06 3TOM Hweao ne c/ibiiuaa?); a hto ecnu, a edpye — onaceHne (A hto ecnu denee He xearuT? A edpye oreu eoude'r?); nu — coMHeHne (3a-xotsitjiu ohu noexarb?).
ynpaxcHeioie 23. IIpHBenHTe npHMepbi hhtohsuhh c MonanbHo-3Kcnpec-CHBHbiM 3HaqeHHeM, Hcnont3ya npowTaHHbie BaMH yqeoHbie TeKCTti.
YnpaxmeHHe 24. npocnyuiaHTe h npowTaflxe npeonoxceHHX. ConocTaBtTe napti npenncoKeHHH no HHTOHauHH.
Oh 3neci>! Oh 3necb.
2* a*
BHHMaHHe! IlepeaaeM Ba>KHoe coo6ineHHe!
1       . 1 BHHMaHHe: I nepenaeM BaacHoe cooonieHHe.
Mania! Oh cornaceH!
Mama J oHcomaceH,
2* a* 2* j*
MaMa, ! t3m ropbi, I KpacHBo, I mli B36HpanHCb Ha cKanbi! Box ropbi, I Mbi B36Hpanncb Ha CKanw.
s 5
Kaicaji panpcxb! KaKoe cMacxbe! KaKan panpcxb? Kaxoe cnacxbe?
2* aa 2A
J5py3bH, I npHexarm! Bbixonjixe!
1.1 flpy3bH, npnexajTH, I Bbixonjrre.
YnpaxcHeHHe 25. npocnyuiaHTe h npo<MTaTHTe tckct. CflejiaftTe HHTOHauMOH-nyK> pa3MeTKy TeKcra, BbiflenHTe cppa3bi c 3MOHHOHajibHOR OKpacKott.
flpy)KEA
(no noeecru B. r. Kopo/ieHKO „Qienou My3bikoht")
OnB^axcnbi cnenoH ManbHHK Ilexpycb omen Ha xonMHKe Han peKoii h nrpan Ha CBoefi nynoqiee. Bnpyr oh ycnwman mj»h-xo neYKHe mam.
— ManbqHK, — ycnbixan oh Bnpyr ronoc neBOMKH, — He 3Haemb nn, kxo 3xo xyx ceirac Hrpan?
— 3xo n.
— Kxo xe6« BbiyMHn TaK xopomo nrpaxb Ha rryrnxe?
— Hoxhm Bbiy^HJI.
— OweHb xopomo. TonbKo ox^ero xbi xaKoii cepnHXbm?
— i\ He yMeio nrpaxb c BaMH, — oxBexHJi oh noiyrmBmHCb.
— He yMeenib nrpaxb? no»ieMy? -Tax.
— Hex, noMeMy >Ke? KaKoii xw, npaBO, cxpaHHbiH, — cKa3ana OHa c 3anyMqHBbiM yMacraeM.
209
— ň He cTpaHHMH, — oTBeTHji M3JibMHK rpycTHo. — ň... fl... cjienoň!
— Cneno-oň? — npoTHHyna oHa HapacneB h, 3an,po)KaB bch ot aca-jiocTH, OHa Bflpyr o6nana meio ManbHHKa pyxaMH h HeyTeuiHo 3aruia-Kana. rioTOM, ycnoKOHCb, o Ha cKa3ana:
— CojiHbmiKO ceno.
— H He 3Haio, KaKoe oho, — neqajibHO oTBeiHJi MaribHHK. — H ero
TOJlbKO TyBCTByiO.
— He 3Haeuib conHbimKa? -fla.
— A CBOK) MaMy... Toace He 3Haenn>?
— MaMy 3Haio. H Bcerna H3flaneKa y3Haio eé' noxom<y... H Móry
HHTaTb.
— A K3K )Ke Tbl?
— H HHTaw b cBoeň khhjkkc najibiiaMH.
— najibuaMH? H 6bi mucorna He Bbiymuiacb MHTaTb najibuaMH. Te6n 30Byr, — CKa3ajia aeBOMKa. — Hah, hhh. ä k Te6e 3aBTpa npHny.
ynpaxcHeHHe 26. ľlpocJiyuiaÄTe h npoTOTafiTe nHajiont, cJienHTe 3a HHTOHa-UHeft 3KcnpeccH.
HA nOUTE
Mononoň nenoBeK npHiiieji Ha no^ny, HTo6bi nocJiaTb imcbMO. AeByuiKa cKa3ana:
— Baiue rmcbMO cjihuikom jxxSnoe. Hyacna etué oflHa MapKa. MonoflOH qenoBeK ynHBHJicH:
— 3aqeM? Torna rmcbMO 6yaeT em8 TiDicejiee.
HE OrOPHAňCH! ManeHbKHH ManbqHK roBopHT;
— nana, b 3anamce, KOTopyio Tbi MHe peirmn, OKa3anacb oiimôiea.
— ^TO Tbl rOBOpHUIb? KaK HenpHHTHO!
— He oropnaňcH, apyme naribi Toxce cflenann oihhSkh.
xopoiuhh yqHTEJib y^HTcnb roBopHT ManeHbKOMy y^emiKy:
— no^eMy Tbi He nenaeuib HHKaxHX ycnexoB b mtchhh? Korna MHe 6buio CTonbKo neT, cKonbKo Te6e, h qHTaji coBepuieHHO cbooohho.
PeÖeHOK nocMOTpen Ha y^HTenH h oTBeraji:
— 3to noTOMy, HaBepHoe, vro y Bac ynHTenb 6bin nywme.
EbIJIH BPEMEHA JjBoe MyxcMHH 6ecenyioT b TpaMsae:
— fla, Apyrne Öbum BpeMCHa... MonoflgjKb yBaacana cTapiimx, He to, sto Tenepb.
210
— 3pfl bw ^cajiyeiecb. Bot h ceřrqac, pa3Be He ycTyrnuTH Baví MecTO?
— Ito H3 3Toro? H-to croicy, a Moa aceHa Tax h npocToajia uejibiH
iac.
b JiAronojiyMHOE cobiiajjehhe
Cynpyni ona3nMBawT b TeaTp. Bnpyr aceHa roBopHT c BojmemieM:
— IlgTp, HaM HeMenjieHHO HyjKHO BepHyrbcíi aomoh: a 3a6bma BbiKjiWHHTb ynor.
— He HyacHo.
— Ho Ben> 6yneT noxeap!?
— He 6yfleT.
— nowMy?
— HO TO My HTO H 3a6bUI 3aKpbITb KpaH B BaHHOH.
HEOEblKHOBEHHbLH OXOTHHK
— Korná h 6mji b AcfcpHKe, h yÓHBaji tsm rnrpoB, — paccKa3braaji
OflHH OXOTHHK.
— Ho b A(ppHKe hct rarpoB, — 3aMenm kto-to.
— CoBepiueHHo BepHo, — cKa3an oxothhk, - a hx Bcex y6nn.
ynpaxcHeiDfe 27. a) ÍIponHTaftTe cthxh, cnejiaBre HHTOHauHOHHyio pa3MeTKy.
„Bce* Moe", — cKa3ano 3JiaTo; „BcB Moe", — CKa3an 6ynaT. „BceiKynnio", — cKaaano ajiaro; „Bce' B03bMy", — cKa3an 6ynaT.
(A. C IlyiuKUH)
6) ripocJiyiuaftTe, npoqHTaftTe, onpenejmre ueHTpbi HK.
jnyuiHo! Be3 cnacTba h bojih HoHb 6ecKOHenHo njiHHHa. Byp« 6w rpaHyna, hto nH? ^aiua c KpaHMH nojraa! TpHHB Han rryiHHOK) Mopn, B nojie, b jiecy 3acBHiuH, tlamy BceneHCKoro ropa Bcio paciuieuni!..
(fí. HeKpacoe.)
ynpaxcHeHHe 28. IlocjiyiiiaHTe flHanorw h npowTaftTe hx b Jinuax. CnenHTe
3a 3MOUHOHaJIbHO OKpatUeHHOH HHTOHaUHeH.
rOCTH
— Mapna, BCTpeHaň rocTeň!
— O! KaKaa panpcTb! Ceifaac!
— 3npaBCTByHTe! npoxomrre, noHcanyHCTa.
211
riEPEfl nporyjiKoft
— Cjiymaň, ceronmi MynecHaa norona!
— rioňfléM ryriHTb?
— Hy KOHeiHo! CKopee OAeBanca!
HEflOBOJIbCTBO
— Hy h npHÖM! Hy h BCTpeqa!
— Mto, He noHpaBHJiocb?
— BeK 6w Týna He e3AHn!
HEO)KHflAHHAH BCTPEQA
— O, ngTp AHApeeBHq! CKOJibKO nei, CKojibKo 3Hm!
— Haiauia! Bw hh sto? Bot Taic ciopnpH3!
HECHACTHblH CJiyRAH
— E\iy nnoxo. CKopee Bpaqa!
— Mnuia, oTKpoH okho! )Khbo!
— 3ßOHHTe ace Bpa*ry! J\a no c ko pee!
HEflOBEPHE
— ^to ace bw HHHero He cKa3anH 06 stom?
— Ho h HHwro He 3Han,
— Bw He 3Häjra? Her yac, h3bhhhtc!
yflHBJIEHHE
— Moeö cecTpe 53 roAa.
— Bauieň cecTpe 53 rofta? He Moacei ßbiTb? OHa xaK Mono no bw-
rJIHAHT!
B03MymEHHE
— K ax bw M0I7IH sto cmenaTb? 3to yacacHo! 3 to B03MyTHTenbHo!
— Ho h 6bin oÖMaHyT...
— Bw ace eine h onpaBnbmaeTecb! KaK He ctdiaho! MonHHTe nyqme! ynpaHCHeioie 29. IlpocnyiuaHTe, cnenHTe 3a HHTOHaimeit, Bbinenirre (ppa3bi
C 3KCnpeCCHBHO'3MOUHOHaJIbHbIM 3Ha<ieHHeM. ripOHHTaHTe t6kct.
MoS BooÖpaaceHHe Bcerna CMymann aMepHKancKHe MnnnnoHepbi — KoponH cTanH h He<j>TH. JxjoAeô, y KOTopwx Tan MHoro AeHer, a He mot
npeACTaSHTb 06bIKH0BeHHbIMH niOAbMH.
MHe Ka3anocb, uto y KaacAoro H3 hhx no KpaňHeo Mepe TpH acenyn-Ka h noATopacTa nrryK 3y6oB bo pTy. MHe Ka3ajiocb, mto MHiumoHep
flpJDKeH HOCHTb 6eJIbe\ COTKaHHOe H3 30JIOTMX HHTOK, a Ha rojioBe BMeCTO    UDIflnM HTO-HH6ynb HS 6pHJTJIHaHT0B,„ Movere npeflCTaBHTb
Moé H3yMJieHHe, Korná a, BcxpeTHB MHJUiHOHepa, yBHAen, wo 3io
CaMMH 0 ÖbIKHOBeHHblH HCJIOBeK.
— 3t0 Bbl ... MHJIJIHOHep? — CnpOCHJl H, He BepH CBOHM rna3aM.
— 0, na! — oxBexHJi oh, yoeacnSHHo KHBaa tojioboh. H cnejiaji bhh, tto Bepio e My, h peiinui cpa3y BbmecxH ero Ha HHCTyio Bony.
— CKOJibKo Bbi MOXceTe cbecTb Maca 3a 33BTpaKOM? — nocxaBHJi a eMy Bonpoc.
— H He eM Maca! — o6t>hbhji oh. — JIomthk anenbCHHa, khuo, ManeHbKaa wauiKa Man — box bcS...
B ero HeBHHHbix rna3ax a He BHnen ji>kh.
— Xopouio! - CKa3aji a b HeaoyMeHHH. — Ho 6ynbTe HCKpeHHH, CKaacHTe MHe oxicpoBeHHo — cKonbKO pa3 b n,eHb bw enHTe?
— Jlp&l — cnoKOHHO otbcthji oh — 3aBTpaK h oöen. — 3xo Bnojme npcxaxoMHo nna MeHa.
Moe H3yMJieHHe pocjio c KajKnoň MMHyrofl. íl cHOBa cnpocnn:
— Ho ecjiH sto npaßna, — xtto ace bw nenaexe c BauraMH neHbraMH? MHJiJTHOHep noacan ruieqaMH h oxBexHJi:
— H nenaio hmh eme* neHbrn.
— 3aqeM?
— Ixoöbi cnenaxb eme* neHbra...
— 3a*ieM? — noBTOpHJi a.
Oh HaKJioHHJica ko MHe, yrmpaacb jiokthmh b pyHKH Kpecna, h c nioôonbixcxBOM cnpocHJi:
— Bw — cyMacmenjimo?
— A BW? — otbcthji a BOnpOCOM,
— Bbi 3a6aBHbiH Majibm... — nporoBopnn cxapHK. — ň nepBbtíí pa3 bh)icyxaKOro.
— »ce bw 3aHHMaeTecb? — cnpocHJi a.
— JJejiaio fleHbin! — KpaTKO cKa3an oh, noacaB ruieHaMH.
— OajiMiiHBOMOHeTHHK? — c panpcxbio BocKJiKKHyji a. MHe noKa3a-nocb, Mxo a npH6jiH>KaK)Cb k OTKpwxHio xaÖHbi. Ho Tyx oh Haqan xhxo cMeaxbca. Ero rna3a qacTo MHrariH-.
— 3xo Bečeno! — CKa3an oh. — CnpocHxe eine qxo-HHÖynb!
(ITo naM(ßjieTy M> ľopbKoeo „Odun U3 Kopo-jieü pecnyöjiuKu")
ynpaxcHeHHe 30. CocraBbTe MajieHbKHe flHajiora hjih paccKa3bi, Hcnojib3yx cjienyioiUHe cHTyauHH.
1. Bw 3a6jiynHJiHCb b necy c b amen ManeHbKOH cecxpoň. HaciynH-jia HOHb. Eh cxpaiiiHo.
2. Bbi c npHHTeneM cneiimxe Ha BOK3aji, qxoöw nonpomaxbca co CBOHM yroxeneM. Bw ona3nbiBaeTe. B6eraa Ha neppoH, bh bhhh-
213
Te nocneflHHH BaroH yxoAfluiero noe3fla. Bw oropqeHw h pac-CTpoeHbi.
3. MajibHHK HecKOJibKO pa3 coBepuian niajiocTH. Otca BW3WBaeT ero h b yrpoMcaiomeH, yjibTHMaiHBhöh (popMe BeAŠT pa3-roBop.
4. K BaM HeoacHjnaHHO npHe3xcaioT 3HaKOMbie, KOTopwe BaM omchl npHBTHw. Bw HeMHoro ynHBJíeHbi, t. k. cbítoth, hto ohh B0rbe3fle. Bbi oqeHb panbiHM.
5. Baui npHHTeub-cTyfleHT bwxoaht h3 aynHTopHH, r^e haČt 3K3a-M6H. Bh HHTepecyeTecb pe3yjibTaTOM. 3ic3aMeH cflaH otjiirho. Bw panyeTecb.
6. EyAyHH yBepeHHbiMH b tom, mto Bani 6paT oTnpaBHJi HyiacHyio TenerpaMMy, bw BcS-TaicH cnpaumBaeTe ero 06 stom. Bw nony-qaeTe OTpHuaTenbHwö otbct, ynHBUHeTecb h B03MyniaeTecb.
ynpaxcHemie 31. npoHHTaJtre b JiHuax cjienywiiwe jJH&norH.
POCT nPOflOJDKAETCH
C h h: — nana, tw h Tenépb pacTéuib? O t e m — IIotieMý tw peuríin, tto h pacTy? C w h: — A noTOMý, mo y Te6i MaKyimca cTána BwcoBwBaTbca h3 bojiÓc.
BbLXOJI HAHJJEH
M a t b: — Hbžľh, h 3anpemáio Te6e nrpaTb c Koneň. Oh óvenb
IUIOxÓň MaJIbHHK!
C w h: — A h xopóiimii, MáW?
M a t b: — Hy, kohchho, neTKa. Tw óqeHb xopouiHH.
C w h: — KaK xopomo! 3hílhht, Kojí e mojkho Hrpárb co mhoh?
O BPEJJE ITEHHJI
npOAaBeii: — KymÍTe ajih Hero bot íŕy KHÜry. 3ACCb otjihhho noK^aHO, k qeMy npHBOAHT Kypríme.
IIOKynaTen b h h u a: q to bw, hto bw! Oh yytíé ctoamco npo-Měn bchkhx KHHr h CTaTeň o speA^ HHKOTHHa, mo peiintri 6pócHTb w-
COBITAflEHME
IIoKynaTejib (c 803Mym,eHueM): Bw ace roBOpHJiH, mo ne-penáxH HCHByr TpHcra act! IToHeMý ace moh cAÓxjia b tot tkč B^qep, KorA^ h KynitJi eé y Bac.
IIpoflaBeu: ConyBCTByeM saM. 3to ßßik ctbhtcji bHO HeynaMa. Bhaho, eö KaK pa3 Hcnóji hhjto cb TpócTa ner.
214
COBAqbJl KH3Hb Co cen (c HeeodoeaHueM): — ßaiua coöaKa ceixSrjHH BwJia h jián-
Jia B CH) HO Hb.
C o c e a k a: He 6ecnoKÓHTecb, no^ájiyňcTa, oHa bmcibitch
AHéM.
ynpaiKHeHHe 32. llpoHHTaňTe lOMOpecKH, npaBHJibHO hhtohhpyňie npen/io-
JKeHHJI C MOflaJltHO-3KCnpeCCHBHbIM OTTCHKOM.
H3 APABCKOrO I0MOPA
Ohhh MenoßeK npHiueji b MaraaÓH 3a cáxapOM. nponaBeu, OTKpwn ôámcy c HanriHCbK) „népeu".
— fl ace npocHJi cáxapy, — cKa3án noKynaTejib.
— 3to h ecTb caxap, — OTBemn nponaßeiJ,.
— Ho Benb Ha Gámce HamícaHO , Jlepeii"?
— Hy h vro >Ke, — cKa3aji npoaaBéu, — n cflénan 3Ty Hanrmcb, »rro-6bi oÖMaHyTb MypaBbéB.
ľJJE MATA3HH?
Moh Hpyr jiiooht OTBenáTb Ha Bonpócw óieHb tÓmho.
— Tne Hax6nHTCH Mara3HH? — cnpocHJi ero oohh hcjiob^k.
— MarasÓH? Hanp nponiH moct h nor^m tiohth Hanpaßo.
— A MOCT ÄJIHHHblH?
— Okojio nBanuaTH MerpoB.
MejioBeK cKa3an „cnacHob" h nomeji k MÓcry, Bflpyr oh yaibiuiaji*
HTO KTO-TO 6e>KjÍT 3a HHM.
— CTOHTe! — KpHHHT moh npyr. — H BcnoMHHJi, trro nnHHa Mocra copoK MeTpoB- OcTaHOBHTe 3Toro lenoBeKa. Ecjih oh npoňneT flßafl-uaTb MeTpoB h noňněT HanpäBO, KaK h cm/ CKa3án, oh ynaaěT b p^Ky.
3ATpyjJHHTEJTbHA.il CHTyAUMÄ
— COBCeM He 3HÍLK), hto KynHTb JKeH^ KO HHK) pO^Cfl^hhhí
— CnpocH y Heé.
— ^TO Tbl! ľfle MHe B3HTb CTOJIbKO neHer?!
HHTEPECHbIH COH OoH&KHbl   páHO   yTpOM   MajieHbKHH MaJTbHHK  pa36yniíji CBOK)
Maxb.
— H HHTepecHbrii coH EHfleji, — cKa3án oh.
— PaccKa^KH, uro ace tm BHneji? — cnpocima >KemHHHa. CbiH xoTeji HanáTb paccKá3, ho noxÓM nonýMaji h cKa3áji:
— HeT, a He yMew xopouió paccKa3biBaib, Jiyquie tw paccKaacH.
215
Marb ynbiÔHynacb.
— Ho Beflb tm BHfleJi coH, a He h!
— Ho tm to>Ke obijiá TaM! — cKa3aji cmh.
3K3AMEH
B Ka<J)é CHSHT nse xceHLUHHbi.
— KaK noxaraaeT Bam cbih?
— H He cnpaiiiHBaHTe! 3a nocnenHioio Henemo oh noxyaen Ha neTbipe KHJiorpaMMa. AnnerÄTa y Hero Hé 6biJio, oh nonra mmeró He en.
— Oh oneHb BonHOBancn?
— Emě 6bi! Benb 3K3aivieHbi b nocnéaHeM KJiicce oneHb TpýaHbie. Korná npHÔJiH3Hncfl ne Hb 3K3aMeHOB, Moeró cbma Henb3n öbino y3-Hárb. 3a nsa ami ao 3K3árvteHa oh yacé He cnan.
— EeflHbiH Manb^hkí
B aeHb 3K3áivieHOB oh BCTan b neTbipe nadí yTpí, Haaén BMXoaHoö kocthSm h, apoíKa ot BonHeHHH, OTnpaßHncfl b imcóny.
— A 3K3aMeHbi nponmiS yaaMHo?
— JXa., cbiH 6bin TaK ciácxnHB! Bce ero yqemiKH caánH xopomo.
CnOBAPb
B neHTpánbHbiH khhhchmh Mara3HH Boumä' Monoa^n íKe'mnHHa. noaoňan k npoaaBný, oni cKa3ána:
— Ü xoTéna 6m KynHTb naxHHCKHH cnoßapb.
— JlaTHHCKHh cnoßapb?
— fla, naTHHCKHH cnoßapb, b KOTopoM 6buiH 6m TaKiie dppa3bi: „KaK npoHTÓ k ónepHOMy TeŕTrpy?" „Ha KaK^m aBróôyce mojkho noéxaTb np asponópTa?", ľae HaxóaHTcn OTehb „Ma>ík"? h apy-rne...
— TaiCHX naiHHCKHx cnoBapéň hct! — yaHBHjicn npoaasén. — Beab b npôBHeM PÓMe He 6bino a3ponópTOB, aBTiSöycoB, ónepHbix TeáV pOB ...
— Ho KaK xce? MHe HyaceH TaKofi cnoßapb, noTorný hto h <iepe3 Heaénio ye3»cáio b JlaraHCKyio AMepmcy!
KAK HA3bIBAJlACb CTAHUHfl?
— MaMa, KaK Ha3MBánacb CTámnin, ot Koiópoň mm TonbKO mto orb^xanH?
— He 3H3IO, He Meniaň, BHnnnib, n nHTaio.
— )KanKo, qTo tm He 3Haeujb. A Ham ManeHbKHH CnaBHK kuk pa3 raM Bbnnen h3 noe3aa.
216
y POKHM8
HlACHblft [o] nOCÍlE MflTKlIX COr/lACHbIX (EyKBA e). nEPBAfl MHTOHAUMOHHAH KOHCTPyKUMfl (nOBTOPEHME). BTOPAfl MHTOHAUMOHHAfl KOHCTPyKU.ua (nOBTOPEHME). YflAPEHME B CyU|ECTBMTEJ1 bHbIX CPEflHETO POflA (nOBTOPEHME).
rnACHbiPi [o] nocriE matkiix comACHbix
(EyKBA e)
B pyccKOM fl3HKe 6yKBoň o o6o3HaqaeTCH rnacHwň [o] nocne TBépnbix cornacHbix (óom, nori), a SyícBOii ě — nocjie mhtkhx comac-Hbix (ece, ned, Méd). GiOBa, b KOTOpbix hmciotch iimrumrHe [ac, m, 4',in'], b HeKOTopwx cny*iajrx OTCTynaioT ot 3Toro npaBHJia b cmíy Mop4>onon«ecKoro npHHumia pyccKoro nncbMa. HanpHMep, cnoBa: Mé'/iTbiút uienoT, ckcmok, rpywoča. Oco6oe BHHMaHne Hyxc-ho yflejiHTb npoH3HouieHHK) [o] nocne [j] b cepenHHe cnoBa (npuě'M) h b Haiiajie cnoBa (ejiKa), t. k. 3ia no3HimH oicyrcTByeT b ^oHemno-ckoh cHCTeMe mhoiux H3biK0B. CjienyeT noMHHTb, iro [o] nocne mht-khx cornacHbix Bcerna HaxonHTcn non ynapeimeM.
ynpajKHeHHe 1. CnymaňTe, noBTopaHTe.
Eo-6e\ bo-bS, ao-flS, 30-36, co-ce, co-ce, jio-jiě, mo-mč, HO-He, po-p*é, TO-Tg, (J)o-(})e, no-ne, 6ě-6e, Bě-Bě, ně-fl'é, 3ě-3ě,ng-ně, Mě-Me, Hě-Hé", Tě*-ťé, 4>S-4>ě, ně-ng, pě-p'é, c6-c6.
ynpaxoieHHe 2. npowTaňxe, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM míetkhx cornac-hmx nepen, [o].
HněM, TěTH, TěMa, TéMHbm, KOdép, TěnnwH, Hec, nocénoK, cena, o6e"pTKa, canép, Men, HaMěK, Bén, <I>ěflop, pe6e'H0K, open, něn., Men, 30-bbt, nepH, 3épHa, neTWK, rpnMěp, noné*T, ncne'k, (Déioia, cBeioia, 3Ha-MéHa, IleTp, CeMa, >Kepe6éH0K, cy4>nep, cecTpbi, 03'épa, KOB'ép, pe-^cnccep, uio<J>ep, Bce, obSc, 6epé*3a, Aneina, Becenbm, u,binnéHOK, Kone-ca.
Ynpa>KHeHne 3. IIocTaBbTe cnenyiomHe cymecTBHTejibHbie bo mhojKecTBeH-
HOM KHOie.
O 6 p a 3 e 11: ceno— cena.
THe3no, o3epo, 3Be3n,a, cne3a, meKa, 3epHO, ceno, Mema, BecHa.
217
ynpaxcHemie 4. CnymaftTe, noBTOpÄÄTC.
3aSM, feJiKa, Sjk, e'pni, noaiÖM, Bbé'T, 6lSt, cbéMKa, jibÖT, <n>£, 6enbě,
CTapbe", TpHnb'é, HaÖT, IHbĚJT, JKHBbííM, CběaODICH, COnOBbéM, BOpOÖbeM, BOpOHbe', JKHHBb'é, CTapbé'BmHK.
ynpajKHeHMe 5. a) Cnyiuattre, noBTopHitTe.
üeieHica, CTaacep, uěnica, >k&iynb, mlín, uienoi, THJKénbiň, xeqei, fleuiéBbiň, peuiěTKa, BOopyjK'éHHbiň.
6) ripocnenHTe 3a npoH3HouieHH6M cjieayromjix nap cjiob: rieMeHb — neneHKa, uieJiKa — iiieJiK, peiueio — peme'TKa, uieniaTb — uienoT, ne mesne — nenie'Bbin, mepCTb — niépcTica, ineminiH — inen, qe-jio — qejiKa, BOopyjKeHHe — BOopyxcSHHbiň, »eJiTeib — aceJiTbiö, Teie-
HHe — TeiÖT, »ceHCKHH — JKÖHbl.
ynpajKHeHHe 6. IIpocjiyuiaHTe h npouHraHTe oTnentHbie npennoxceMUi, cnenHxe 3a npaBKJibHwM npoH3HomeHHeM [o] nocne mätkhx cornacHbix.  
ÜTHua Bb'éT rHe'3nbimK0. 3to éac. CěMa npHHfe'c ManeHbKyio enicy. PeÖeHOK HrpaeT c kotchkom. Oeicjia niběT. OraecH ôejibé b npaqe^Hyio. >Kepe6eHOK ecT OBec. rony6b KjiioeT 3@pHa. Töth JIöjih mběT imaTbe. Ul0(pep xopomo Ben MaiímHy Ha nonbéM. Bot 'épm. JXfljm IlěTp — pe->KHCce"p. Moň 6paT — 6oKc6p. Bot cy<|)nép. Té'Ma huSt b imcony. HnH Ha npHeM k b pany. ITycKaö open 3a oönaKaMH BcTpeqaeT MonHHH no-něT... (0. TwTHee). )Khh KopaojiHK Becenbiň h cTpoHHbrií... Ilíén KopaôJiHK, o qéM-To MewTan... (H. Mareeeea). BcnoMHHaň mchh, ecjTH xpycTHeT yTpeHHHH nSn, ecjffl Bflpyr b nonHeöecbe nporpeMHT caMoneT... (B. TyuiHoeä).
ynpawHemie 7. ilpoqHTaňTe npenjiOHceHHa. CrcenHTe 3a npoH 3HomeHHem LUHnsiitHx   MÄrKHx cornacHbixnepen [o].
IlěTp nomeji b khho. *Ibě 3Ťo nncbMO? Oěnpp nexcan Ha jkSctkom flHBaHe. TeTH npHqecana neBO^ice qenKy. CTapbiň néJiH Kaiancn Ha BOjiHe. PeiKa Tene't 6wcTpo. ^yryHHan pemeTKa Sbina THacenaa. Oibi-iiDiuib menoT? tlepHbiH méjiK ee* iuiaTba nanan Taac&ibiMH ciaianKaMH. Ußeibi acenTbie. Oipnp, xopomo BOopy>KéH. IleqÖHbie hojtokh BKycHbi. 3necb nponaioT neme'Byio oöyßb. noňneM coÔHpaTb acenynn. Anč-ma — BecönbiH napeHb.
Ynpa>KHeHHe 8. ripocnyiuaňTe h npoHHTaftTe cthxoTBopeHne. OienHTe 3a npoH3HOiueHHeM [o] nocne mhikhx h TBSpniix cornacHbix. HaimuíHTe TpaHCK-pHimmo BtmeneHHbix cjiob.
Y3HHK
CH^cy 3a peuiÜTKOH b TeMHHne cwpoH. BcKopMJiěHHbiH b HeBone open mohohoh, Moň rpycTHbiH TOBapnui, Maxau KpbUiOM,
218
KpoBaByro rmmy miioeT non okhom.
KjIIOSt H 6pOCaeT, H CMOTpHT b OKHO,
KaK 6yflTO co mhok> 3anyMan oílho;
3oBéT MeHH B3DIHnOM H KpHKOM CBOHM
H BWMOJiBHTb xoHeTijyDtaBaň yjieTHM!
Mbi BOJibHbie nraiibi; nopa, 6paT, nopa! Tyna, rne 3a Ty^eň 6eneeT ropa, Tyna, rne CHHewT MopcKue Kpaa, Tyna, rne rynaeT nnuib Beiep... na h!"
(A. C nyutKUH)
riEPBAH MHTOHAUMOHHAH KOHCTPYKUMH. BTOPAfl MHTOHAUMOHHAfl KOHCTPYKUMn (ľlOBTOPEHHE)
YnpaxcHeHHe 9. npocjiyiiiaHTe h npomrraftTe npennoscemiH, cjiejQfHTC 3a H3iue-HeraeM TeMna no Mepe yBeJinieHMH pa3Mepa cmfiarM.
1. 3to KHHra. 3to k Kura 6paia. 3to KHHra Moero Mnaamero 6pa-Ta Hmconaa. 2. B*iepa Mbi 6bUiH b KHHOTeaTpe. Bnepa mu 6wjth b ho-bom KHHOTearpe „JieHHHrpaa*\ B^epa mw 6wjih b hobom KHHOTeaTpe „JTeHHHrpaa", HeaaneKO ot aoMa. 3. Kynnxjieö. Kynn xjie6 h KonSacy. KynH xjieö h KOji6acy b coceaHeM racTpoHOMe.
YnpajKHeioie 10. npomrraflTe, oieanTe 3a HHTOHauHeH.
Y HAC b HHCTHTýTE 3tO HaiH HHCTHTýT. BOT £LKTOBblH 3an. OH OOnbLUOH H CBeTJlblH.
3aecb HHTaxibHbiH 3an. CTyaeHTw hhtÍiot h nHuiyT. Y hhx ckódo c^cchä. KaÖHHeTbi Ha BropoM 3Ta>Ke'. y Hac Gonbwási öh&iHOTe'Ka, TaM Gepyr khhth. Mmh nóab3yioTCfl CTyneHTW h npenoaaBÍTenn. Mw hio6hm cbok> 6HOJiHOTéKy; TaM mhoto xopóiiBix, HHTepecHwx khrx. B ayaHTcJpHHX mw 3aHHMaeMca. B 3anax cnýuiaeM ji^kixhh. Ha qeTBepTOM STa^ci y Hac JiHHracJxSHHbie KaôHHeTM. 3aecb Mbi 3aHHMaeMca (J)OHeTHKOH. A bot cToaoBaa h 6y4>eT. Oco6eHHO Mbi hioÖhm Ksufré. TaM Bceraa Teiuio h ywTHo. Xopouió BwnuTb qáuiKy Kofye 3a npýacecKoň ôeceaoíi.
YnpaiKHeHMe 11. npocnyiuaHTe tckct. CnenattTe ero HHTOHauHpHHyio pa3MeT-Ky. ripomrraHTe. BtinejíHTe cnoBa, conepacamtie "é, npoH3HecHTe hx.
no cHHeMy- cHHeMy He6y njibuiH o6naKa. BeceHHHe BeTepKH naxjiH CBeaceň TpaBOH h niHibHMH rHé3aaMH. nepea aomom aonHyjiH ôojib-uiHe noHKH Ha ayinHCTwx Tonojiax... H3 pa3orpeTOH Tpasw noKa3anacb Tpaßa. C Ka^cawM hhSm npH6wBajio öonbiue nran b caay. 3a6erajiH Mexcny CTBonaMH qe'pHwe apo3aw. Y npyaa 3aKyKOBana KyTcynoca. Becb can MOjm cnyiuan KyKyniKy.
(ITo A. To/i cwMy,, JJeTcreo Hu ku m ")
219
ynpaafHeHHe 12. ripocjiyuiaHTe h npomrraiíTe CTHXOTBopHtie oTptiBKH. ripo-BejjHTe qneHeHHe Ha cHHxarMfci h onpenenHTe ranu HK. BunsJiHTe cjiOBa c luk-
IUQUHMH COmaCHfclMH.
Y)K He5o oceHbK) nbmiajio,
y>K peace conHbiujKo ojiHCTano.
Kopone cTaHOBHJica nem>.
JlecoB TaMHCTBeHHafl ceHb
C neqajibHbiM my mo m o6Haxanacb.
Jiomchjicji Ha nojiH TyMan.
Tyčen KpHKJiHBbix KapaBaH THHyncH k wry.
npH&rHHeanacb npBonbHo cKyMHaa nopa:
Ctohji HOHÔpb yyK y nsopa.
* * *
y rax ayn; Ha conmie ciwt y caKneň new eropoHceBbie. Mnanemibi cMyrnwe, Harae
ß CBO6OAHOH pe3BOCTH uiyMHT; Hx npaneflbi b Kpyry chaht,
H3 TpyOOK flblM, BHHCb, CHHeeT.
Ohh 6e3MonBHO iohwx neB 3HaKOMbrii cjiymaioT HaneB, H CTapueB ceppwe Mononeei.
(A. C nyiuKUH)
Eny. Thxo. OibiuiHbi 3B0Hm Ilofl KonwTOM Ha cHery, TonbKo cepbie BOpoHw PacuryMejiHCb Ha nyry.
* * *
BeqepoM CHHHM, BeqepoM JiyHHbiM
BbDl H KOrna-TO KpaCHBbIM H lOHblM.
HeyßepjKHMO, HenoB TOpHMO Bee nponeieno... aaneie... mm mo... Cepaue ocTbmo, h BbJUBenH ohh... CHHee cqacTbe! JlyHHbie homh!
(c EcenuH)
ynpaxHeime 13. ripo4HTaftTe tokct, o n pene jih tc thtili MK. CnenHTe 3a MÄrKocTHo coniacHMx.
H^ob 6brmo cepe6pHCTO-3Bé3flHO, none 3a cánpM h ryMHOm TeMHé*-no pÓBHO, Ha MHCTOM ropH30HTe mčtko MepHena MenbHHna c nsyivifl po-ráMH KpbüibeB. Ho 3Bě3flw HCKpÄnHcb, TpeneTánn, lado npope3biBanH Hé5o 3eneHOBáibiMH nonocicaMH, can, myMén nopbiBHcro Hynceno-
220
oceHHeMy. Ot MaribHHiibi nyn cHJibHbiö ßaiep... B conÓMe ôbíno xeroió h THXO (H. EyHUH „Hohhoü pa3zoeop ").
YnpaxcHeHHe 14. upocnyiuaitTe craxoTBopeHHe. OGpamre BHHNtaHHc Ha wih-lenbHOCTb h HHTOHaUHK) ueHTpoB HK. npOMHTaflTe.
íynjiaH KapXHHa, Kaie Tbl MHe pojjHa: Eenaa paBHHHa, üonHafl nyna,
CßeT He6ec bwcokhx, M onecTfliuHH euer, M caneň nanČKHX OnHHOKHH 6er.
(A 0er)
YnpanaieHHe 15. ripocnymaitTe h npotHTaöTe těkct. ľIpoH3HecHTe eme pa3 cnoBa c rnacHbíM [o] nocne wmrKHX h tbophmx comacHbix. ľlpoBenHTe hhioh» UHOHHblH aHaiIH3 TeKcra.
EneHa uma, noTynuB ronoßy h HenonßHacHo ycTpeMHB rna3a ßne-pén, Ohe HHHero He ôonnacb, o Ha mwero He cooöpaacana; OHa xoiejia eme" pa3 yßimeTbCH c HHcapoßbiM. OHa uuia, He 3aMeHaa, mto cojiHue
flaßHO CKpbDlOCb, 3aCJIOHeHHOe HÖpHblMH TynaMH, MTO BeTep nOpblBHCTO
uryMeji b nepeBbnx h KjryÖHJi eß iuiaTbe, mto nbuib BHe3anHo nonHHMa-jiacb h HecJiacb ctojioom no no po re... KpynHbiH ao^kuhk 3aKanan, ona h ero He 3aMeqaaa; ho oh noiue'n bcS qaiue, Bee* cmibHee, cßepKHyjia MOnHHfl, rpoM ynaproi. EneHa ocTaHOBHJiacb, nocMOTpena BOKpyr... K ee cHacTbw Heßnaneice Haxonwiacb ßeTxan 3a6poineHHaa HacoBeinca Hafl pa3BanHBiHHMCfl KOJioflueM. OHa flooeacana up nee h Bouma non, hh3-khh Haßec. Jl,o>Kflb xjibfflyji pyqbHMH; neôb KpyroM oojioaouiocb. C HeMbiM OTMSAHHeM maněna EneHa Ha qacTyio osTKy öbicipo nanaBuiHx Kanenb. nocnenHaa Haneacna yBHfleTbca c HHcapoßbiM HCMe3na (f£ Typzeuee. „HaKOHyne").
ynpaxoieHHe 16. npocnyiiiaftTe h npowTaBTe cnixoTBopHbie otpmbkh. ľlpo-BeflHTe mi eHenne Ha cHHTarMU, cneoHTe 3a TeivinoM pew. HanniimTe TpaHCKpnn-UHio cnoB, conepMcaumx [o] nocne mätkhx h XBe'pnbix cornacHLix.
ílpHBan. JlbiMflCH, otohSk
TpeuriiT Hafl TaraHOM flopoaarbiM,
ITacyTCH kohh, h nangK
Becb MHp c ero BonHeHbeM nojKHMM...
B ymenbHx HOHb; b TyiviaHe TaM
JlblMHTCH CH30e OOflOTO.
M Bce oöpbißbi no KpaHM
To par BewepHeö no3onoTOň...
221
* # #
Ho bot yjK cyMepKH; bot nocrreneHHo mtjiü
Ha Öeper, Ha 3 aim b, Ha CKajibi Hanerna;
Bce* oonwne b HeÖe 3BČ3fl, b ajuieax bcc TeMHee,
.HyiuHcree LcseTbi, h 3anax Tpas cHJibHee;
Ha cnoMaHHOM KpbDibne cnacy a, nojioH nyM;
KaK THXO bos' KpyroM, KaK cjibiuieH Mopa llt/m. ..
(A. K. ToncTOÜ)
YnpajKHeHHe 17. npocnyuiaHTe, cn,enaHTe HHTOHauHOHHyio paaMency TeKcra. IlpoHHTaHTe npenjioJKeHHH c HK-1.
BenepHHe cyMepKH. KpyriHbEH MOKpwH cHer neHHBO kpjokhtch
OKOJIO TOJIbKO HTO 3aXOKeHHWX (pOHapCH h TOHKHM MHTKHM njiaCTOM JIO-
üchtch Ha Kpwnin, noiiianHHbie cuhhw, ruiemi, uiarncH. H3B03hhk HoHa noTanoB Becb Den, KaK npHBeneHne. Oh conrynca, HacKOJibKO TOJibKo bo3mo>kho corHyTbCÄ 3KHBOMy Teny, chjjht Ha Kosjiax h He uieBenbHěT-ca. YnanH na Hero nejiwn cyrpoö, to h Torna 6m, KaaceTca, oh He Hamen HVMCHbiM cTpaxHBaTb c ce6a CHer. . . Ero nonianeHKa loace Öejia h He-nonBH)KHa. OHa, no b ceň BeponTHOCiH, norpyaceHa b Mbícnb. Koro OTopBajjH OT imyr/a, ot npHBbrqHMX, cepwx KapxHH n SpocnnH ciona, b 3TOT oMyr, nonHbEH HyflOBHiimwx oraen, HeyroMOHHoro TpecKa h Öerymnx Jironeö, to My Henb3a He nyMaTb...
Ho Ha h ero nonianöHKa He nnnraeTca c Me era yxee nasHo. Ho bot Ha ropofl cnycKaeTca BeMepHaa Mrna. BnennocTb $OHapHwx omen ycTynaeT möcto >khboh KpacKe, n ymiMnaa cyMaTOxa craHOBHTca myM-Hee.
— H3B03HHK, Ha BbiobprcKyro! — cnbiiUHT HoHa. — H3B03mac! Hona B374parnBaex h CKB03b pecHnnw, ooJienneHHbie cneroM, bh-
flHT BOeHHOrO B IHHHejIH c KaniOLUOHOM.
— Ha BbiôoprcKyro! — noBTopaeT BoeHHwu. — ,Ha tbi cnniub, iro jih? Ha BbiooprcKyio!
B 3HaK cornacna HoHa flépraeT bohokh, OTMero co citkhw noinann n c ero nnen cwnjnoTca nnacTbi cHera... BoeHHwn canHTca b caHH.
(A. a Vexoe „Tocxa")
YnpaíKHeHne 18. CnyuiaRTe, noBTopHHTe.
Kto sto? *Ito sto? Kto hhSt? *Ito nepenaTb? Kto crymT? Korfla noe/JSM? Kyna Tbi HflSmb? ^to c toôoh? ľne tm 6bin? Oncyna nocwn-Ka? noqeMy bw He cnyinaeTe? KaKoň öroieT? Kaicaa KHHra? .Una koto 3TH iiBem? OTKyaa ohh? K HeMy Bce sto? ÍIoHeMy bw Mon-HHTe? Korfla on sepHynca? CKOjibKO nnen? CKonbKO *ie-noBeK?
222
ynpajKHenne 19. CnpocHTe y CBoero coGecenHHKa:
OTKyna oh npnexan; me oh jkhbct; CKOJibKO eMy neT; Korná y Hero 3K3aMeHbi; b KaKOM rony oh dojjhjich; me oh yqHTca; CKonb-Ko BpeMeHH oh H3ynaeT pyccKHH h3mk; k axon ceronHa neHb HeflejiH.
ynpaxcHeHHe 20. lipovíTaftrc, conocraBtTe HBHJKeHne toms,
2 2
CKOHbKO KHHT? CKOJibKO KHHľ?
2 2
ľne OHÔJiHoreKa? Tne ÖHOJiHOTeKa?
2 2
IloHeMy Her ra3eT? uoieMy HeT ra3eT?
2 2
Oncyna ôaHaHM? OTKyna 6aHaHbi?
2 2
KaKOH KapaHflaui? KaKoň KapaHnam?
2 2
Kyna TW HnSiub? Kyaa tm HAěiub?
2 2
OTKyTja Bbi npnexajiH? OTKyna Bbi npHexann?
2 2
JJfia. qero stot npenMeT? flnn Mero 3tot npeflMer?
YnpasKHeHHe 21. upomiTaítTe npenjio^hhä, conocTaBKre aBH>KeHHe TOHa.
a 1 2 2
3to Bauia KHHra. 3to Bama KHura. Bbi aojiKHbi noexaTb. Bbi npji-
2 2
)KHbi noexaTb, Onbra nonyHnna otbct. Onbra nonymuia otbct. H nio6-
2 2 2 3
nio poMauiKH. n nioönio pOMaimcH. Mm no yTpaM rynneM b necy. Mm
2
no yTpaM rynaeM b necy. CTyfleHTaM Hano 3aHHMarbcx\ CTyaeHTaM
2 2 2 2
Hano 3aHHMaTbCH. Bac hhkto He npocHn. Bac hhkto He npocim. PonH-
2 2 2
TejiH npnexariH. PomiTenH npnexanH. 3to MnaniimH 6par. 3to MnamuHH
2 2 2
6par. Ohh yipOM npHe3)KanH. 3to npporo. 3to npporo.
ynpancHeHHe 22. ilpocnymaftTe pyccKy» cica3Ky. IlpoBenjfTe HneHeime Ha CHHTaTMbi, onpenejiHTe ranu HK, BunejiHTe MK-2 b noBecTBOBaTeniHwx npenno-
30JIOTOE ÄBJIOKO
)Knn Korfla-TO uapb. OnHaacnM HanyMan oh no3a6aBHTbcíi h nocnan bo Bee cTopoHbi Tpy6aHeň, KOTopbie CTajiH KpHHaTb Hapony:
— 3h, bh! Kto npHnyMaeT TaKyw Heöbimmy, ito uapb eň He noBe-pHT, to My oh nacT 3onoToe sojioko!
CTanH npHXOflHTb OTOBCIOny  UapeBOTH, KHH3bÄ, KyTTHbl, — MHoro
BCHKHX moneň, ho hhkto He Mor yronHTb uapw.
H bot, npHUien k uapio öeniWK, a b pyrcax y Hero (xwibiiiOH KyB-
IUHH.
- ^ero Te6e Hano? - HenoBonbHo cnpocHJi uapb.
223
— 3n.paBCTByM, uapb, — OTBemji 6enHHK, — H npHiué*n nojiyHHTb c Te6a cboh neHbra: Beflb tw npnaceH MHe KyBiUHH 30Jioia.
— Tw jDK§uib, h ie6e hhwo He jj,on>KeH! — oTBemri uapb.
— Hry? TaK n.aň MHe 3QJiOToe hdjioko, kohh a. nry. Uapb noHflJi ero xHipodb h dan OTHeKHBaibCH:
— HeT, tw He naceuib.
— A He nry, TaK nnaTH uonr.
TaK h npnumocb uapio oinaTb y mho My ôenHÄKy 3onoToe äôjio-
KO.
ynpaxcHemie 23. npocjiyiuaftre h npoHHTattre craxoTBOpeHHe. CnenHTe 3a HHTOHaimett h npoH3HomeHHeM iuHnmiuix 3ByicoB.
A rne MHe B3HTb TaKyio necHio — H o nioôBH, h o cynbôe, HIT06 HHKTO He nprananca, í to 3Ta necHH — o Te6e?
ItoÔ necHH no cseTy neTena, Koro-to 3a cepnue Ôpana, Koro-to b poiuy 3aMaHHna, Koro-ro b none yBena.
^TOÔbi y icnyôa 3aBoncKoro H y nané'Koro cejia, Ot stoh necHH 3aMHpaa, jEteBHOHKa MHjioro jícnana.
(M. Azamund)
YAAPEHME B CyiUECTBMTEJlbHblX CPEflHETOPOflA (nOBTOPEHME)
ynpa«HeHHe 24. ilpowraRre, iiomhji o cjjBHre ynapeHHÄ.
Beflpo — BSflpa nepo — nepbH
BHHO — BHHa nHCbMO — HKCbMa
Becno — Bgcna iiätho — nama
rHe3flO — rHé3Aa CTeicio — cTé'ícna
nHuo-nuua HHCJio — qHCJia
okho — OKHa HHUp — fliíua
YnpaxcHeHHe 25. npo^HTaHTe. npocnenHTe 3a c/jBHroM ynapeHHÄ. Conoc-TaBbTe H3MeHeHne y nape huh c npen>myiiiHM ynpajKHeHneM.
ueno - uejia none - nona
bohcko — BoňcKa npaBO — npasa
MecTO — MecTa cepuue — cepnua
MOpe — Mopa cnoBO — cnoBa
224
ynpaxcHemie 26. a) ripomnaHre cymecrrBHTejibHbie, flaHHbie bo mhokcct-
BeHHOM HHCJie.
OKHa, Jínila, imcbNia, qncjia, BHHa, aňiia, CTěKjia, Bécna, Haraa, nepba, cšna, p*é6pa.
6) Ilofl6epHTe k flaHHUM cjiOBaM onpeflejieHHH, npoyHTaiíTe nojiyyenHbie cnoBocoieTaHHa.
YnpajKHeHHe 27. ripowraftTe npennoaceHHfl, cjiejjHTe 3a ynaperaieM b Bbme-neHHbix cnoBax h NuirKOCTbio cornacHwx.
^lacTb JiHua 3aKpbna TeHbro ot iiuianbi. HBaH nojiy^Hn rpH nHCbMa cpa3y. B cpopTOHKe HeT CTeKJia. Oh ne CKa3an hh onHoro en o Ba. fl nro6-jiK) 3anax Mopa, JXpy3bH no3npaBHJiH MeHa ot Bcero cepjjwa. He 6mjto hh onHoro cBo6oflHoro Mecra. E\iy HeT no 3toto HHKaKOro nena. Tw He HMen npaBa TaK BbiCTynaib. 4acTb nona 3aceaHa KJieBepOM. H cnbiinaji coócTBeHHbie rnyxne yaapbi cepnna. MHe HeT rmcbMa?
YnpaHíHeHHe 28. riocTaBbTe BbmejieHHbie b npenjbinymeM ynpa>KHeHHH cjioBa bo MHoacecTBeHHoM "flicne.
YnpaMCHeHHe 29. HHTaňTe, conocxaBjíHa y napě Hne b cymecTBHTentHbix en,, q. pofl. nafl, h mh. i. hm. nan,.
1. He BHacy jiHua. KpacHBbie jnma. 2. JlBa nncbMa. XopourHe nneb-Ma. 3. Eone3Hb cepnua. CMejibie cepnjia. 4. HlyM Mopa. Těnjibie Mopa. 5. TpH Mecra. EcTb MecTa? 6. HeT nena. TpynHbie nena. 7. JlBa ok Ha. OKHa b KOMHaTe SojibiiiHe. 8. Jlyx BoňcKa. BoňcKa HaciynaíOT, 9. Ha-jieií BHHa. npeKpacHbie BHHa,
YnpancHeHHe 30. 06pa3yttTe mhoxcecTBeHHoe hhcjio ot cnenyiomHx cymecr-BHTejibHbix, cnenHTe 3a ynapeHHeM.
Hmh, imeMa, BpeMa, ceMa, 3HaMa, Hynp, He6b.
YnpaiKHeHHe 31. ITpo»fflTaHTe cnoBa. lIoMHHTe 06 ynaperaiH b cnoBax c cytp-
(pHKCaMH -eHH, -3hh.
JlBH^ceHHe, HanpaBJíeHHe, cornainemie, cTpeMneHHe, o6benHHeHHe, yKpenneHHe, o6ocTpemie, pemeHne, pacurnpeHHe, 3HaneHHe, 3aTpyzme-Hne, paccMOTpeHHe, oTHOinemie, yBaHceroie, pacnpocTpaHeHne, aocTM^ce-Hne, y6e)KAeHHe, BbmojiHeHHe, HanpaaceHHe, npoH3BeneHHe, 3anaHHe, coeiJHHeHHe, CBepHceHHe, BbiaBnemie, cruioHeHHe, 3aKjiKmeHHe, yme-TeHne, 3aaBneHHe, copeBHOBaHHe, BocnHTaHHe, 3aBoeBaHHe, coBema-HHe, KOMnneKTOBaHHe.
YnpaxcHeHHe 32. IlpoqHTaHTe npenjiOMceHHfl. OiOBa H3 ckoook nocTaBKre b Hy>KHoa <popMe> cnenHTe 3a ynapeHHeM.
CKoribKo (tydeca) Ha cseTe! Bcrony BcrpewajiHCb Becenwe Qiuiío). nopTpeT 6bui HcnopneH: BepxHroio qacTb i/iimo) Hejib3a 6buio paccMOT-peib. B KOMHaTe mhoto (3epKajia). fl qacTO nonyqaio H3 noMa (nucb-
225
mo) i ho Bqepa MHe He 6bDio (nucbMo). Ha naněicoM Kpaio (neöeca) 3a»cnTHCb 3Bé'3flbi. nojiOBHHa (okho) 6 bin a 3aKpbna. Haum (okho) BbixoflHJiH b napK. Ha Bcex (okho) uBeTbi. AHHa nononina k (okho) . H He noBepHJi cbohm (yuat). B (zHe3do) neacariH (xüuo) JiaciOMKH. 3th (Meow) 3aHHTbi? Y Bac HeT cBooonHoro (Mecro) ? B Mara3HHe He oKa3anocb (nüua). Mm Ömjth najieKo ot (Mope). Ü0Ka>KHTe Ha Kapie ceßepHbie (Mope) CoBeTCKoro Coio3a. Ha30BH Bce (umr) . Tm He h Men (npaeo) ye3acaTb. y HapyiuHTenH nBHxceroiH othídih (npaeo). *IacTb (eoücKÖ) nepenpaBHnacb Ha neBbiö öeper peicH, Haum (eoücKo) ycneuiHO nponBHranncb Bnepěn.
YnpaxcHeHHe 33- IlpOHMTaÄTe flHajioni, onpenejiHTe thüm HK. npoBejjHTe «cieHeHHe Ha cHHiarMti, cnenairre HHTOHauHOHHyio pa3MeTKy tckctc-b.
BPEMfl
1.
— CKajKHie, noacanyňcia, KOTOpbiň qac?
— Be3 nBaniiaTH necHTb.
— CnacHÖo, MHe Hano noTOponnibCH.
— He 6ecnoKOHTecb: moh qacbi cneinai Ha 5 MHHyT.
2.
— Anno! 3npaBCTByň, Cepreň!
— Korná tm npnexan?
— B noHenenbHHK.
— Bo cKonbKO?
— B me er b copOK yrpa.
— CKonbKO BpeMeHH tm npoôynemb b MocKBe?
— C nHToro no necHToe hiojia.
— KaKHe nnaHbi Ha ceroniw?
— B ceMb qacoB nny b KOHcepBaTopHw.
— JJaBaň BCTpeTHMCH.
— Xopomo, b KOTopoM qacy?
— JlyHiue Bcero ot n&yx no Tpéx.
— flOrOBOpHJIHCb. JXo cBHnaHHn.
3.
— Anno! 3npaBCTByiÍTe! CKa>KHTe, noacanyitcTa, no KaKHM hhhm paöOTaeT ÖHÖnHOTeica?
— Mm paÖOTaeM no noHenenbHHKaM, cpenaM, naTHnnaM c neßHin no ceMH. Ilo BTopHHKaM, qeiBepraM, cy66oTaM c nBeHannani no
neBHTH.
— Ab BOCKpeceHbe bmpaÖOTaeTe?
— HeT, b 3TOT neHb y Hac BbIXOnHOH.
— CnacHÖo, no CBHnaHHH.
226
ypOKN°19
PEflYKUMfl TJlACHblX
nOCJIE 3BYKOB [jk, in, u, q\ iff].
TPETbH M HETBEPTAH
MHTOHAUMOHHblE KOHCTPYKUMM
(nOBTOPEHME).
MHTOHAUMfl 0PA3
C MOflAJlbHO-3 KCI1PECCMBHbIM
3HAHEHMEM (nOBTOPEHME).
YflAPEHME B nPMJlArATEJlbHWX
M rJIArOJlAX (nOBTOPEHME)
PERYKIXIAB TJlACHblX nOCJIE 3BYK0B      m, u].
Ilocjie cornacHbix [ >k, iu, ii] Bee rnacHbie b 6e3ynapHbix no3HHHflx npoH3HOCHTca peayinipOBaHHO b cooTBeTCTBHH c cyujecTByioineH 3aKO-HOMepHocibio npoH3HOiueHHH 6e3yaapHbix rnacHbix nocne TBepnbix co-rnacHbix, HanpHMep: uiocce [niAce], umayn [uiAJiyH].
Oco6o Hanp BbinenHTb npoH3HOineHHe e b npenynapHbix cJiorax, KOTOpbiM nocne iuHnmiiMx h [n] npoH3HOCHTcn KaK [b] (stot 3ByK 6jih30k k [bi]), HanpHMep:xcejie30 [acbn,er3b], item — [nbHa].
YnpaxcHeiiHe 1. CnyniattTe, noBTOpflftre.
UlHpb — umpHHa, neHHbM — ueHa, inenneT — niemaTb, nenbin — nejiHHa, niecTb — mecTOH, UHpicynb — unpicynHp, nenb — neneBOH, >KenHb — xcenTOBaTbiH, menecT — inenecTeib, myM — niyMOBOH.
YnpaxtHeHHe 2. CnyinattTe, iiobtophhtc.
Monoace, cTapme, pemeTO, TOHbuie, MeHbme, no ynnne, »cene30, mecTHajjjuaTb, neMeHT, cyme, CTOpojKeM, Bbnuen, nepeMOHHH, neHa.
ynpa>KHeHHe 3. IlpocnymaHTe. IIpoH3HeaiTC cnoBa c 6e3ysapHHMH oKOHqa-hh>tmh no cue [u].
Conmie, araTamiH, peBomoimn, nonMecnua, nanwibi, 3aHnw, rop-nw, k Kononiry, HeMUbi, k SpaTuy.
YnpawHeHHe 4. ^MTaftTe npefljio>KeHMH, cnennTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM 6e3-ynapHbix rnacHbix nocne lUHnmimx h u.
BpaT noexan Ha nenHHy. PeSflTa OTorpeBann nanbUbi y tcocTpa. Tpynna rxSpneB npn6jiH)Kaiiacb. B Komie nepeynKa Mara3HH. Eopnbi Bb'mjjiH Ha apeHy UHpica. TypHCTbi pacTHHynncb nencSqKoii. Conmie ot-paacanocb b ny»ce. floKnannHK nHrapoBan IJ,Hnep<$Ha. 3to neMeHT. B nariKe nemibie 6yMarH. )Kepe6eHOK pe3Bbm. Bot pemeTO. >KeHHx Bbimen Ha ynnny. Ilpoujjio OKono inecTH MecaneB. CTapny crano xy-
227
ace. y 5KHBOTHoro 30jiOTiícTafl uiepcTb. TaHiieBánH BanbC. 3to hÍiuh npeACTaBHTejiH b ÍKeHéBe. )Kene30 h iieMeHT Hymiú nna ctdohkh. Ha cepniie 6bino nericó. BpaT cTapine cecTpw. Kto sto myMHT Ha ýnnne?
PEAYKUUa rJlACHblX nOCJIE 3BYKOB [m\ uT']
TnacHbie b 6e3ynapHOH no3HUHH nocxie mhtkhx |Y, Oľ] penyim-pyioTCH no oÔuieMy npaBHny: [h, y] He TepnioT cBoero KaqecTBa, ho 3BynaT KpaTKO, He Hanpa>KěHHO (cp. hucto h huctotu, uydo h nydécá). TnacHbiH [e] BHflOH3MeHHeTcn b [He] h [b]: menu [rrq'Henbí] h nue-jioeod [irq'bn a b6t] . B nepBOM npenynapHOM cnore Ha MecTe anpoH3-HocHTcn [h0] : wcú [h*Hecw], luaeéjib [íň'HeB'en']. Bo BTopoM npen-ynapHOM —[b]; nacoeóu [q'bcABoň], maeene'k [u7bBHen'óK]. B 3a-ynapHbix cnorax — [ ba]: ryna [TýVba], poiua [pónľb3].
YnpaiKHeHHe 5. OiyuiaftTe, noBTOpaííTe.
tfac — qacbi, qac — qacoBOH, qacTb — qacrana, noniana — nouiann, qepHb — qepHHJia, qacTO — HacrreHbKO, qacTO — qacTOTa, Hanano —Hamann, 1HCTO — qncTOTa, nnomanKa — nnoinanb.
YnpaiKHeHHe 6. Gnyuiaftre, noBTopaüTe, cnejnire 3a 6e3y ptapHtimh oicomia-hrhmh.
Kpyqa, nauia, porna, Tyna, Kyqa, nana, MOjiia, 3anaia.
ynpaxcHeHHe 7. ripocnyiuaňTe h npoMHTanxe nperjnoaceHHfl, HarmiiíHTe xpaH-CKpHnuHK) BbiflejieHHwx cnoB, ilomhhtc o peayKUHH macHbix h mätkocth cor-jiacHbix.
noeseM b rocTH k qaôajry. nonoinén qenoBeK b oqicax. nocMOTpH Ha qacbi. Manb^hk noHMan qepenaxy.MecHOK h uiaBenb Mbi oieHb nio-6hm. JXpy3bfi qacTCHbKO rýnami Morma. y Te6n ecTb chhhc qepmina? 3to TpynHafl 3anaqa. 3to Haiim iieMiraoHbi. B noMe 6bina qHCTOxa. Bo BpeMfl onbiTa cnennnH 3a qacroTOH 3ByK0Bbix KoneôaHHH. Mm 6buiH na KpacHoň ruiomanH. Oh 3a6bin qacbi. Hano Kyrorrb %MonaH. Bot poma h Hama naqa. lacoBOH ctoht na nocTy. 3necb Kpyqa. 3to Ham me ho k Ty3HK. *Iero tw xoqenib?
ynpancHeHHe 8- IlpoiKTaftTe npennc»KeHHJi h3 cthxoTBope-HHö A. C. IlyiuKH-Ha. CnewiTe 3a perryKUHeň rnacHwx h npOH3HomeHHeM [h', hi']
Airqáp, KaK rpÓ3Hbiň qacoBOH... Ho qenoBeica qenoBéK nocnán k amápy BnácTHbiM B3rnHnpM. H noT no ônenBiOMy qený cTpyHncn xjiánHHMH pyHbflMH. 3ByHH0 cTpenica qacoBaa MepHbiň Kpyr cboh coBepumT. HHKorna npo cqácibe Hanie mm He cKa>KeM mrqeró. Hac 6bi-no mhóVo Ha qenHe. He Mbi nn 3necb BMepa CKaKami... npHnpáBH ropb-KOH npaßnoH noacb, oh BKyc npHTyrineHHbiH ineKOqeT. ^eTBepbíx roc-Te'ň, rna^tcy, 6or MHe nocbináeT. yenHHěHHO Mope nnemeT, 6e30ôJiaqH0
228
tem cojiHue Gnemei. íepTor chhji. 3aieM cepana BOJiHyei, Mywi, KaK
cBOeHpäBHhiH qaponéň? Ho cnánoK ýxy mhjioh neßbi qecTOJiiooHBWH AnojiJiÓH. )Khji Ha cBé^e pbiuapb ßenHWH, MOJiqajiHBwH h npocTOH. Bot ßenep: Bbwra BÓeTi
TPETbfl M HETBEPTAH HHTOHAUMOHHblE KOHCTPYKUHU MHTOHAUMfl OPA3 C MOAAJlbHO-3KCnPECCMBHblM 3HAHEHMEM (ľlOBTOPEHME)
ynpajKHemie 9. Cnyiuaitre, noBtopaitxe.
Oh? Tbi? Bbi? Ctoji? CTyn? Kny6? JJom? BaM? Tot? TaM? KHHra? AHHa? Ojibra? PaHO? no3flHO? OHa? 3eMJia? flocKa? CTeHa? Ay/JHTO-pHH? 3aHHTHH? HHCTHTyT? CeMHHap? BH6nHOTeKa? npenonaBaTenb-HHua?
Ynpa>KHeHHe 10. ITpoH3HecHTe <ppa3M.
Tbi KyriHJi ônneTbi? Tbi OTnpaBHJi TenerpaMMy? Tw cnaji 3anéT? Tm oßenaji? Tw cKopo ye3>Kaenib? Tw nonroTOBHJicfl k ceMHHapy? 3to Bam KOHcncKT? Bw totobm? Bw xothtö oraenaTb? Bbi 3HaKOMW? Bw naBHO b MocKBe? BaM HpaBHTcn 3n,ecb? BaM He xojiohho? Xothto naio? BaM HajíHTb Bonw? Bw roBopHTe no-pyccKH? Bw noHHMaeTe? BaM Bce
nOHHTHO? MoaCHO BOHTH? 3fleCb MOHCHO KypHTb? Bw ÔOJIbHW? BaM
njioxo? Bw ycTajiH? Mohcho bwhth?
ynpaxíHeioie 11. CnpocHxe Bamero coôeceAHHKa:
HpäBHTCH jih eMy b MocKBe; aaBHO jih oh npnexan; 6bin jih oh Ha KpacHoň nnomann; noHHMaeT jih oh Bac; He xoneT jih oh Kodpe;
XOpOmO J1H OH yCTpOHJICH B 06uie)KHTHH; B3ÍDI JIH OH KHHTH B ÔHÔJTHO-
TeKe; KypnT jih oh; mo>kho jih 3flecb KypHTb.
ynpaxcHeHHe 12. CnyuiaHTe, noBTopÄHxe nocnoBHuti. Bwymrre HeKOTopue h3 HHX HaH3ycTb. GiejjMTe 3a npoH3HoiueHHeM HK-3 b noBecTBOBaTejiLHOM npea-
JIO>KeHHH.
Bepern imaTbe cHOBy, a necTb CMOJiony. ^to noceemb, to h nojKHěuib. V"m xopoiuo, a flBa nymue. yqeflbe — cbct, a HeyneHbe — TbMa. 5KH3Hb npo>KHTb — He none nepeňra. He HMeň CTO py6jieň, a HMeň CTO flpy3eň.
JIloGHJIIb KaTaTbCH — JIK)6h H CaHO^KH B03HTb.
CKa>kh MHe, kto TBOH flpyr, H h cKaacy, KTO TW.
He OTKJianwBaň Ha3aBTpa to, <ito mo>kho cAenaib ceronH«.
229
Tpyji KOpMHT, a JieHb nopTHT. Bee 3a OAHoro — o/ihh 3a Bcex. ITocneiuHiub — jnoneň HacMeuTHiub.
YnpajKHeHHe 13. CnyuiaHTe, noBTopaüTe. CneflHTe 3a npon3HoiiieHHeM HK4.
— Ä Hjry b cTOJiOByio. A Tbi?
— M to 3TO?
— 3to HOBoe imaTbe.
— A 3TO?
— Mbl jkhbíjm b MOCKBC
— A Baum poflHTeJiH?
— 3aecb mw nocTaBHM iiiKa^).
— A nHBaH Kyna?
— R erry Ha 3KCKypcHW.
— A KaK XCe 3aHHTHH?
— Mbi 6MJIH Ha Mope.
— A KaK ace nera?
— MapHH CTOHT y 3epKana.
— A y OKHa kto?
YnpaiKHeHHe 14. npoHHTarfcre cthxh C. Mapmaica, cnenjiTe 3a HHToHauHeft.
3
TyT cKa3an peOaraM Bopa | i
npocTO TaK:
4*
— A y MeHa b KapMaHe rB03flb. A y Bac?
— A y Hac ceroflHa rocTb.
4
A y Bac?
3
— A y Hac cerojj,HH KOuiKa | PonHJia Biepa kotht.
3
KOTHTa BblpOCJIH HeMHO)KKO, j 3 i
A ecTb H3 6Jiionria | He xotät.
— Ay Hac Ha KyxHe ra3.
4
A y Bac?
i1
— A y Hac BOjjpnponon,. Bot.
1HK-la0Tpa»caeT Monynmuiio TeMöpa npH 3MOUHOHajibHO OKpameHHOft hhto-HauHH.
230
ynpajKHeioie 15. IlpocnyuiaHTe, onpenejiHTe utnu HK. FIpomiTattTe acaaicy b JiHuax.
KAK CTAPHK KOPOBY nPOflABAJI (pyccKan ckü3kü)
y o/moro cTapHKa 6buia KopoBa. OHa 6bina oneHb ciapaa h xynaa\ MojiOKa OHa nomn coBceM He naßana. Bot CTapHK h peiimn 3iy KOpoBy nponaTb. IlpHBeji oh eě na 6a3ap. HonxonHT k HeMy noKynaTejib h cnpauTHBaeT:
— .TToporo Tbi xoneuib nponaTb cbohj KOpoBy?
— HeT, He Aoporo, — OTBenaeT CTapHK. — fl 6yny pan nony^HTb 3a Heě nojioBHHy toto, mto 3anjiaTHJi caM.
— A noHeMy OHa TaKan xynaa?
— EoneeT, HaBepHoe, cKopo yMpěT, no3TOMy sl h peuiHJi nponaTb ee.
— A cKOHbKO MonoKa naeT 3Ta KopoBa?
— MonoKa h naace h He BHnen, — OTBenan crapHK.
H HHKTO He xoTen noKynaTb TaKyio nnoxyio KOpoBy. Ohhh nenoBeK noacaneJi CTapHKa h roBOpHT erviy:
— JJaBaň h nponaM tbohj KOpoBy, a tm ctoh panoM h cnyniaň, mo h 6yny roBOpHTb.
IlonxonHT HOBbiH noKynaTenb h cnpauiHBaeT:
— 3Ta KopoBa nponaéTCH?
— JXsl, Bbi mo^ceTe KynHTb eě, ecnn y Bac XBaiHT neHer.
— Ho OHa oqeHb xynan! — cKa3an noKynaTenb.
— 3to OTToro, HTO OHa ecT Mano, a MonoKa naeT mhoto. Ero XBaTaei Ha bch) nepeBHio h emě ocTaěTCH. y xo3hhkh py~KH öonar, noTOMy HTO OHa nenbiň neHb noHT Kopoßy. no3TOMy mu h nponaěM eě.
CTapHK, X03HHH, cjiyman h nyMan: 3aweM r peniHn nponaTb TaKyw xopomyio KOpoBy? H oh cKa3an noKynaTenio:
— KopoBa He nponaěTca! OHa MHe HyacHa caMOMy!
ynpajKHeHMe 16. ľlpocjiymaHTe TeKcr, npoBenjue wieHeioie Ha CHHTarMu, onpenejiHTe thüm HK.
ÄAflHblH BAPTAH
{apMXHCKdH ck03k0) C OBeHbeÖ UlKypOH K CKOpHJIKy
3auiěn BapTaH — cocen: „h3 stoh uiKypbi manKy cmHTb
Tbl MO)KeUIb HJ1H HeT?"
„Mory!" — cKa3an b otbct CKOpHHK,
Ha niKypy nocMOTpeB. „A BbiňneT nße?" — cnpocmi BapTaH, Ha KOpTOiKH npHceB.
231
„H ABe COIHbK)!" — „A TpH?" — „H TpH".
„Coiiibéuib neibipe?" — ,„n,a!" „A nHTb?" — „Hy11X0 ä, mo ry h nnrb, Kon b b 3TOM ecTb HyjKAa!"
„BblTb MOaceT, BMKpOHIUb BCC UJeCTb?"
„Mory, pa3 HaAO TaKÍ" „ľne uiecTb — TaM ceMb!" — cKa3aji BapTaH.
„HaSt!" — cKa3an CKOpHJiK. KorAa 3aKa3qHK nepe3 AeHb
3a mariKaMH npHiueji, CeMb uianoK Bbino>KHA CKopmnc
Ha CBOÖ paobnHM ctoji. ,JIa pa3Be 3to moh 3aKa3? —
BcKptwan b cepAUax BapiaH. — KorAa tm manKH MHe KpoHJi,
Tbl 6bJJI, AOJl>kho 6bITb, nbHH?
Mto c hhmh AenaTb MHe Tenepb? KyAa npHKaacenib AeTb?
BeAb HH OAHy H3 hhx Hejib3H
Ha ronoBy HaAeTb!" „Ho Tbi ace caM Toro xoien! — CKa3ari b OTBeT cKOpHaic. —
BOAbHJHX CeMb H3 OBH,bI
He BblKpOHHIb HHKaKÍ . ."
(C MuxajiKoe)
YnpaiKHeHHe 17. ripocnyiuanre h npomnaftTe a(popH3MLi. Buywre h©koto-
ptie h 3 hhx HaH3yCTb.
O JKH3HH, CMEPTH H EECCMEPTHH
3 1 2
>KHTb   I   — 3TO He   3HaUHT   AMUiaTb,  I   3TO 3Ha*IHT A^HCTBOB3Tb.
3
He tot HenoBeK Ôojibuie Bcero hcha, KOTopbiň MOHceT HacwraTb 6ojib-me JieT, I a tot, l kto ôbnbiue Bcero nyBCTBOBan >KH3Hb QK.-HC Pycco).
4 1
ßOCTOHHa 6bITb npO^CHTOH JIHUIb >KH3Hb, I npOXCHTaH ßjlil ApyrHX
(A. SüHuireÜH).
4a 4Í ŕ
JleHCTBOBaTb,   I   €03AaBaTb,    I   Cpa>KaTbCH C OßCTOÄTeJIbCXBaMH,
3 3
no6e>KAaTb hjih 6biTb noGeacAěHHbíM I — bot b né'm bch paAOCTb, bch >KH3Hb 3AopoBoro nenoBeKa (3. 3ojin).
TT 4 I 3
nycTa h 6ecuBeTHa I öbroaeT XH3Hb TOjibKO y ÖecABeTHbixnioAeH,
3
KOTopwe TOJiKyioT o TyBCTBax h noipeOHOCTax, I Ha caMOM Aene He 6y-232
2 .
nyMH cnocoôHH HMeTb hhkqkhx ocoßeHHWx qyBCTB h noTpeOHOCTeň, I KpoMe noTpeÔHOCTH pncOBaTbcn (H. WepHbiuieecKUU).
3 4 1
)KH3Hb I  — HCKyCCTBO HaXOnHTb BO BCÖM KpacOTy I H paflOCTb ...
(M. ľopbKUu)
3 1
Be3 nojib3bi »<H3Hb — 6e3BpeMeHHaa cMepTb (B. rěre).
3 . 1
CaMoe cTpaiimoe, <rro mo>Kei 6biTb I — sto 3a>KHBO yMepeTb. (M. HeKcé).
1    i 3
)Kn3Hb eCTb nOCTOHHHblH Tpyjl, I H TOJIbKO TOT TíOHHMaeT eě BÍIOJI-
2
He no-nenoBewecKH, I kto cmotpht Ha Hee c stoh tohkh 3peHHn (fl, IJu-capee).
ynpaxcHeHHe 18. ripocnymaňTe h npoqHTaňTe cTHxoTBopeHHe, cneoHTe 3a npoH3HoiueHHeM 3ByKOB [p, n J. OöpaxHTHe BHHMamie Ha 3MouHOHajibHyio Ha-
CbBUeHHOCTt CTHXOTBOpeHHK.
BECEHHflfl TP03A
JTk)6jik) rp03y b Hakane Man, Korna BeceHHHH nepBbiň rpOM, KaK 6bi pe3BHca h Hrpaa, TpoxoneT b He6e ronyôOM, rpeMHT pacKaTbi MOJioawe, Bot A05KHHK 6pbi3Hyji, nbflíb JieiHT, IIobhcjih nepjiw no^KfleBbie,
H COJIHUe HHTH 30JIOTHT.
C ropw ôeaaiT noTOK npoBopHbm, B necy He mojikhct nmmň raM, H raM jiecHoň, h my m HaropHbm — Bce BTopHT Bečeno rpoMaM.
(<P. TtoTHee)
ynpaxaieHHe 19. ripowTaftTe tckct, cnennTe 3a HHTOHaimeH.
EEPĚ3A
H3 Bcex flepeBbeB pýccKoro neca I MHJiée Bcex MHe Haina 6epe3a. XopouiH h MHCTbi 6epě30Bbie cBeTJibie poimi! OcoÖeHHo xopóui 6epě-30BbiH Jiec I BecHoň. KaK TOjibKO coňneT b jiecý CHer, HaoyxáioT Ha 6e-pe3ax CMonócTbie nyuMcTbie noHKH. H3 Ka>KnpH cjryMáňHo HanjiÓMJieif-
HOH BeTKH 6epe3bl I  KaiIJieT )KHBHTejIbHbIH, f  CnáflKHH COK. KaK xo-
poLUH Monoflbie 6epe30Bbie jihctohkh! Boňna b Jiec, qejioBeK HyBcrayeT
233
CBeacee ntixámie npoOynáBiHeňca 3eMnH. IlpOHflěT neHb-rxpyroň — h
Bce 6epe'3w noKpóioTca mojiohoh jihctboíí.
(K CoKonoe-MuKUToe. „PyccKuü fiec")
ynpa>KHeHHe 20. npocnyiuaöTe cTHxoxBopeHHe. PacMJieHHTe ero Ha CHHxar-Mbi h onpenejíHTe THnti HK.
Konb jiKrônTb, TaK 6e3 paccynicy, Kojí b rp03Hn>, TaK He Ha myTKy, Kojib pyrHyTb, TaK cropaqa, Konb pyÔHyTb, TaK y* croiena!
Kojth cnopHTb, TaK yjK CMejio,
Konb Kaparb, TaK yac 3 a nejio,
Konb npocTHTb TaK b ceň nyuiOH,
Kojih nnp, TaK nnp ropoň!
(A K TojicTou) YnpaacHeHHe 21. IlpoqHTaHTe lOMOpecKH, cnejjHTe 3a HHTOHaujteH.
H3 EOJTTAPCKOrO I0MOPA
KaK-to ráopoBen,, B03Bparácb npMÓň, yBHnen, mo xceHa HaKzbbi-BaeT Cbma.
— CKonbKO pa3 a Te6e rosopiín, — co 3JiocTbio CKa3án oh, — He no-pú peÔeHKa, He   chäb c Heró iirraHbi. Ohií h TaK 6wcTpo npo-
THpálOTCJJ.
* * *
YBÓnen ráôpoBeri Ha flpyróň cTopoHe npHaTejia h noMaxán eivry py-k6h, nojr^bmaH k ceôé'.
— Hy h cKynéii, — nonyMan npo ceôa tot. — Bothhkh 6epe»ceT, a a CBOH CTánTbman.
* * *
Y ríôpoBua, OTua flByx n,é*BO»íeK, ponánca CbiH. Äpyabá, coSpaBiiiH-
eca, MTÓ6bi pa3aejiHTb c hhm pánpCTb, yBÓnejiH, mto oh He b flýxe.
— Beflb Tbl ace Metrrán o Cbme! — ynHBHJiHCb ohh.
— Meqraji... A kto lenepb 6yneT npHauiHBaTb on,e5Kfly cbohx cecTpe'HOK? — OTBeran ráôpOBeii.
* * *
ráôpoBeu pemHji nepecHUTaTb cboh ne^Hbrn. Oh 3anep Bce jjpepH, 3arnaHyji non Kposaib, b niKa<j>, npoBepHJi 6kh3 h, HaKOHeii, w CTaji 3epKajio, htó6m ynpcTOB^pHTbca, oh jth 3to.
234
ynpawHeHHe 22. IIpocnyinaHTe croxoTBOpeime. OnpenenHTe -ranbi HK h cnenafiTe h hto HauHOHHy io pa3MeTKy. n po qn TafíTe, cnejJHTe 3a npoH3HouieHMeM oornacHbix (V, ui, ji, ji'] h rnacHbix [o, y] non, yflaperoieM.
H no 3eMne Moeň Koqya, CoBceM HeMHororo xony a:
Xony HMen, TaKyio nyiny, *Ito6 mono Bcě, hto h pa3pyiiry;
Xony n m erb TaKyio bojikd, ^toG homo Bdě, MeMy no3Bonio;
Cepnne xouy HMerb TaKoe, Hto6 HHKOMy He flau» noKoa;
Xo*ry HMeib TaKoe oko, KaKoe oko y npopoKa.
Bot hto xony, — xo<ry rnyooKo!
(JI. MapTbiHoe)
yflAPEHME B nPUJlArATEJlbHblX M rnAroriAX (nOBTOPEHHE)
YnpaMCHeHHe 23. IlpoH3HecHTe npmiaraTenbHbie c oKOHHaroieM -oií.
Ochobhoh, npHMoň, iuioxoň, 6onbHoň, ponHoň, Hy>KOH, MOpcKoň, cyxoň, 3onoToň, Mononpö, aoporoň, cnenoň, cenpH, 3aBoncKoii, KmoneBOH, npaBOBoň, ckbo3hoh, ronyobň, HeqbTflHoň.
YnpaiKHeHHe 24. ilonoepHTe k npHJiaraTejibHbiM npenbinyiuero ynpaacHeHHÄ noflxonHiiwe cymecTBHTejibHwe.
Ynpa>KHeHMe 25. TlpowTaftTe cnoBocoqeTaHHJi, cnejJHTe 3a npoH3HOiueHHeM OKOHiaHHH npHľiaraTejibHbix h ynapeimeM.
yTpeHHHH TyMaH occhhhh xonon,
neiHHH nem* cpenHHň naneu,
no3nHHň mc BeceHHHňnec
3HMHHH Benep CHHHÜ UBeT
nepenHHH yron 6jih>khhh paňoH
BepxHHň 3Ta>k BenepHHH noe3fl
aoMaiiiHHH KOCTMM nanbiniň peňc
ynpaxcHeHHe 26. 3aKOHHHTe npenno>KeHHfl, BcraBHB BMecro Toiex KpaTKHe npHnaraTenbHbie »ceHCKoro popa.
O 6 p a 3 e ii: Oh npae. Ona npaeá.
Tbi rpy6. OHa He ...
Moh nana no6p. TSth Toace OMeHb ...
Pe6éHOK CbIT. A OHa .. ?
235
Tm eine Monon..
BpaT MHe nppor.
Mofi nenyiuKa eine 3khb.
Tapaac TeceH.
PeoeHOK rnyn.
Opex KpenoK.
Oh rnyx k qyoKHM 6enaM.
Oieii ropn.
OHa C3IHLUKOM . . .
Ka)tcjj;aH MHHyra.. H ÖaSyiuKa ... KoMHaTa... OHa... HHTKa... dapyxa... fleByiuKa...
YnpajKHeHHe 27. IlpomHecHTe napu rnaronoB.
Bbicox — Bwcbixan, bmckohtoi — BwcKaKHBaJi, Bbi6e>Kaji — BbiSe-ran, bmpoc — Bbipaciaji, Bbuie3 — Bbme3an, Bbipa3Hji — Bbipaacan, BbipBaji — Bbipbman, Bbmon3 — Bbmon3an, Bwuien — Bbixornui, bmcko-HHJi — BbiCKaKHBan, BbüieTeji — b bin e Tan, Bbinaji — BMjiaBan.
ynpajKHeHHe 28. IIocTaBbTe naHHtie rnaroJibi b qbopMe npouienmero BpeMc-HH MyaccKoro pona, cnenHTe 3a yaapeHHeM.
BCTpeTHTb, rOTOBHTb, 3äMeiHTb, 3aCTaBHTb, KOHMUTb, OTBeíHTb, OCTaBHTb,    OÔHfleib,   nOMHHTb,   nOCTaBHTb,   nOCTpOHTb, npOBepHTb.
Ynpa>KHeHMe 29. 06pa3yÄTe cpopMbi 1 mma enHHcTBeHHoro qwcna HacroÄ-mero BpeMeHM ot cnenyiomHX rnarojioB. CnenHTe 3a ynaperaieM.
0praHH30BaTb, BCTaBaib, onniMaTb, KOMaHaoBarb, qyBCTBOBaTb, nonb30BaTbca, OTBenaTb, BepHTb, nncaib, 3aHHMaTbCH, co3naBaTb, OdaBarbCH, y3HaBaTb,    npenonaBarb, ycTaBaib, naßaTb, npenaBaTb.
YnpaxaieHHe 30. 06pa3yHre npome/juiiee Bpeiux ot naHHwx rnaronoB (b qbopMe MyjKCKoro pona).
OKpemryTb, AOCTHrayTb, MaxHyTb, CBepKHyib, orjioxHyTb, pHCK-Hyib, KOCHyTbCH, ocnenHyrb, 3aHepKHyrb, yMonKHyxb, KannyTbCH, npo-cHyTbCH, HaMOKHyib, B3npxHyTb, noMepKHyib, ÔJiecHyTb, noflqepKHyTb,
COMKHyTb, TCWIKHyTb.
YnpajKHeHHe 31. HirraHTe npen/iOHceHHa, BbinmiíHTe rnaronbi, npocneflHTe 3a ynapeHHeM b hm x.
Mbi 3aKaH4HBaeM paôoTy b inecn» qacoB. Tbl npnro BbUiHCbiBan cnoBa H3 cnoBapH. JleBomca paccMaTpHBacT oaobmcy. Ceireac a nepemi-Tbroaio *IexoBa. YcTpaHBaiiTecb ynpôHee. OTeii; npnro paccKa3breari o noesnice b HTajmio. HHKonaň q-ro-To ÔwcTpo 3aimcbiBan b ôjiokhot. H npocMaTpHBan CBOKHe ra3eibi h acypHanbi. KaKHe ra3en>i bm BbuiH-
236
cMBaeTe? TpaMBaň 3flecb HHKorna He ocTaHäBJiHBajicH. CTyneHTw nepe-nncbiBaioT npennOKeHHH c hockh.
YnpaxaieHHe 32. TlpOMHTaftTe, cnenjue 3a chbhtom ynapemui b maronax. nojiyHHTb — nojiyny — nonyqHT — nojiymne
CMOTpeTb — CMOTpK) — CMOTpHT — CMOTpHT
Tepnexb — Tepnnio — Teprmiiib — TepiwT uryTHTb — my My — myTHiub — iit/tht njiaTHTb — ruiany — nnaiHT — iuiaTHT obpOTbCH — oopiocb - ôopeTCH — 6opembCH
niOÔHTb — jiioôjiio — niOÖHT — niOÖHT
nHcaib — riHiiry — nHmei — roimyT h CK a Tb — míry — HHieT — Hiuyr AepHcaib — nepxcy - nepxcHT — nepÄaT nbimaTb — nbiiuy — flbiuiHT — nbimai
HOCH Tb ~ HO my — HÖCHT — HÖCHT
YnpaxoieHHe 33. IIpomiTaHTe tckct. HannuíHTe TpaHCKproiuHio BwaeneHHMX maronoB. npoH3HecHTe hx euijé pa3.
OOTOrPAOHÄ 3HrEJlbCA
3to Obrno nočné BejiHKoň OTenecTBeHHOH bohhm, Korna coBeTCKan nejieraijMH 6buia b AßCTpHH, ÖyproMHcrp ropona Bpymia nepenan im-caTejiK» A. HepBeHXi;eBy 4>OTorpa(f)Hio OpHflpnxa 3Hrejibca c ero aBro-rpa<Jx)M h paccKa3ajT HCTOprao 3toh 4>OTorpa4>HH.
— 3HrejibC 6bui apyroM Moero nena h nonapHJi eMy 3Ty (poTorpa-4>hk). Fiepen CMepbio nen ocraBHJi ee MHe co crioBaMH: „IIopTpeT aon->Ken nonacTb b Ty crpaHy, rjj,e paHbme Bcero BOCTopacecTByeT KOMMy-HH3M, 3a no6eny KOTOporo bck» >KH3Hb cboio öopojicn 3Hrenbc".
Ceňnac h xony BbinojiHHTb 3to Hcenamie Aena h nepenaTb <f)OTorpa-4>hkj coBeTCKOMy Hapony.
KaK BHHHTe, OJJHH H3 yTOOB (JWTOTpa^HH OTOpB3H. 3tO CJiyWUIOCb
bo BpeMH oöbiCKa b Moeň KBapTHpe HecKOJibKO jieT Ha3aA, Korna HOHbH) HeoacHAaHHO npHHUTH recTanoBUbi. Oahh h3 hhx B3H7I nopTpeT, ho He y3Haji, kto H3o6pa>KěH Ha hSm. )Kem moh 6oHJiacb, wo 4>aiiiHCT yHHHT0>KHT nopTpeT; OHa BbipBana ero h3 pyK recranoBua h co cne-3aMH Ha rna3ax CKa3ana: „3to enHHCTBeHHan cjmorpacjmn Moero ot-na'\
ynpaxcHeHse 34. ITpoTOTaňTe, cjienHie 3a cflBHroM ynapeHHÄ b rnarojiax.
nepenan — nepenana - nepeAaJiH OTAan — OTAaJia — OTAann
237
npHHHJI — npHHHJia — npHHÍDTH
noHJDi — noHHJia — noHJuiH
OTHHJT — OTHHJia — OTHHJIH
Ha^an — Havana — HanajiH 3aHHJi — 3aHÄjia — 3anHjiH
B3HJI — B3HJia - B3HJTH
6paji — 6pana — Spann nan — nana — nann
5KHJ1 — >KHJia — 5KHJIH
cnan — cnajia — cnaxiH 3Baji — 3Bana — 3BariH
YnpaxcHeHHe 35. TlpocjiyuiaHTe h npOMHTaÄTe cmxoraopeHHe, npaBHjibHo aKueHTHpyÄTe rnarojibi.
4TO BblJTO, TO BblJlO... íto 6bUIO, to 6wjio:
3aKaT 3aanen... CaMa nojiioÔHJia — Hhkto He Beneji. Ilonpyr He pyraio,
POflHblX He KOpK).
B Tenne 3aMep3aio H b ciyacy ropio.
^to 6bino, to 6bino..,
C-KpbreaTb He mo ma.
íl ropnocTb 3a6buia —
ripH Bcex nonomna.
A oh MHe oTBemn:
— He nnaqb, He Bejiio,
He Tbl BHHOBaTa,
.Hpyryio moonio...
%Q 6bDIO, to Öbüio!
H HeT mraero. Hioôjih), k ax nioGHna, Ero onnoro. H iuiaicaTb He rmaqy: MHe oh He BenHT. A rope — He Mope. npoiineT. OtCXWIHT.
(M. Aeaumnä)
238
y P O K N° 20
nOBTOPEHME. nPOM3HOĽJEHME 3BYKOB. yflAPEHME B CJ10BAX.
TWľlbl MHTOHAUMM (MK-1, MK-2, MK-2a, HK-3, M K-4, MK-5, MOflAXlbHO-3 KCfl PECCHB H Afl MHTOHAU.HH).
nPOH3HOUJEHHE 3BYKOB
ynpaiKHeHHe 1. IIpoH3HecHTe cnoBa, penymtpyÄ macHbie o, a, e, m. (Cjio-Ba naHti no TeMaraiecKOMy npHHiwny.)
KoMHaTa, KpoBaTb, OKHO, Kpecjio, KOBép, creHa, JiaMna, nojiica, KHHra, onejKfla, noTonoK, Ha nojiy, nocyna, KacTpiojifl, CKOBOponKa, CTÜK3H, NtycoponpoBon,, yobpKa, oômexcHTHe, Kopnnpp, TeneBH30p, Tejie4»h, neaíypHbrä.
BHÔJiHOieKa, ctojim, KOHcneKTbi, TeTpaflH, KapaHnaiH, nony^HTb, 3anHcaTbCH, ôepy, B03bMy, 3aHHMaiocb, KOHcneKiHpyío, nepeBon, H3mk, 3K3aMeHbi, npenonaBaTejib, neKaHar, npo^eccop, acnnpaHT, KaÖHHCT, oiiemca, aynHTopHH, jieKTop, otbct, OTBewi, Bonpoc, 3anaBaTb, 3aroi-
MaTbCH, rOTOBHTbCH, ľOTOB, 3äHaTHH} CTyneHMeCKHH, nOpT^Hb, ÔJIOK-HOT.
CTOJiOBaH, 3aBTpaKaTb, oôenaTb, BKycHo, anneiHT, e ahm, noecrb, noen, 3aica3aTb, 3aicycKa, canaT, orypeii, noMHflop, penncKa, Kap-ro-cpejib, BeTqHHa, KOJiSaca, BHHerper, Macno, HHua, muß, flíkuá, Bona, mojioko, Ke4>Hp, cMeiaHa, raopor, ÖyjioqKa, nnpoacoK, mhco, KOH<J>eTa, neqcHbe, iuOKOjian.
Mara3HH, nepepwB, nponaBeii,, noKynarb, nponaBaxb, onjiaxHTb, CTOHTb, nocMMTarb, nonpocHTb, noMepnib, onepenb, iuanKa, irmnna, Ken' k a, canorH, ôothhkh, hockh, koctíom, »aiceT, 6ejibě, iuiaTbe, ko^to1* Ka, ôocohcokkh, KypTka, nepnaTKH, nocMoipeľb, noKa3aib, pacnena-
TaTb, KOpOÖKa.
BojibHHna, oojibHoii, ôojiht, ronoBa, toiuhht, Kamejib, HäCMOpK, TeMnepaiypa, npKTop, MencecTpa, peracTpaTypa, He3nppoBHTCH, 3flopoBbe, neKapcTBO, nopomoK, Ta&ieTKa, ropwiHHK, nocTejíHTb, HanHibCH qaio.
3KCKypcHH, HHTepecHo, 3KCKypcoBOfl, noKa3aTb, paccKa3aTb, yrai-na, nepeynoK, nnomanb, naMHTHHK, KHHOTeaip, naHopaivta, npocneKT, HCTopHHecKHe Mecra, BbicTaBKa, sKcnosHima, KapTHHa, pexa, Tpoiyapi flOMa, npoH3B6CTH BneqanieHHe, o ctehob HTbCH, TpojuieňOyc, Meipo, 30onapK, imaHeTapHH, CanpBoe Konbup, naM&THHK, MOHyMeHT, boc-
XHmaTbCH.
239
YnpaxaieHHe 2. HHTaflTe cthxotbopeime, BbinenHTe cnyiaii penyKUHH 3By-kob [o, e, a, bi].
P03bl
EhhctIh, o6naKa nenHJuicb B na3ypH imaMeHHoro pi.
JlBe p03M nOfl OKHOM paCKpbUTHCb —
JJpe qaniH, nojiHbie onw.
B okho, b npoxrianHbiH cyMpaK AONia, rnaneji 3ejie*HbiH, 3HOHHbiH can, H ceHa nyuiHafl hctom3 CTpyHJia cnaflKHH apoMar.
IlopOH), 3ByMHbIH H TfDKeilhm,
Bhcoko b He6e rpoxoTan TpoMOBbrii ryji.. . ho nejiH nnenw, 3BeHejiH MyxH — fleHb chhji.
PI AeHb CHHJI, H MJieJIH p($3bl, rOJIOBKH TOMHbie KJIOHH, H yjIblSajlHCH CKB03b CJie*3bI OqaMH, nOJIHblMH OrHfl.
(M. By huh)
YnpajKHeHHe 3. iTpoqHTaHTe tckct, HanHumre TpaHcKphjtuhjo BbiflejieHHbix oiob, cnenHTe 3a npaBHjibHbiM npoH3HomeHHeM 6e3ynapHbix niacHbix.
KAK XOPOfflH, KAK CBEHCH BbUlH P03W
Tfle-To, KorjJ3-T0, naBHo-naBHo, h npoqen ohho craxoTBOpemie. Oho ckodo no3a6binocb mhokj. . . ho nepBbin cxhx ocxancH y MenA b naMHTH.
„KaK XOpOllTH, KaK CBCHCH 6bUTH p03bl. . ."
Tenepb 3HMa; Mopo3 3anyiirHJi creKJia okoh; b tcmhoh KOMHaTe ropHT oiiHa cseqa. h cH*y, a b rojiose Bee 3BeHHT aa 3bchht.
„KaK XOpOHJH, KaK CBe^CH OMJTH D03bl. . ."
H BcnoMHHJi h ce6a ne'pea hh3KHm okhom 3aroponHoro pyccKoro ao-Ma. JleTHHH Beqep thxo TaeT h nepexdnHT b Hoib, b TeruiOM B03nyxe naxHeT pe3enpn h jihtioh; — a Ha OKHe. . . chaht aeByuiKa — h 6e3-
MOJTBHO H npHCTaJIbHO CMOTpHT Ha He6o, KaK 6bl BbDKHflaH nOXBJieHHfl
nepBbix 3Be*3fl. KaK nrx)CToa3?iiiHO-BaoxHOBeHHbi 3anyMHHBwe rna3a.. KaK 4Hct h He")KeH oGjihk lOHoro nraii! . . KaK aopora oh£ MHe, KaK 6beicH Moe cepaue.
„KaK xopoiiiH, KaK CB^HCH 6bIJIH p03bl. . A b KOMHaTe Bee tcmhch h TeMHeii, . . Mop03 3jthtch 3a cieHoW. . BcTaioT nepeao mhoio flpyrne o6pa3w. . . CjibHiiHTCH BecejiwH iiryM ceMeHHOH, nepeBeHCKOH »ch3hh. JJpe pycwe tojiobkh dohko cmotpht Ha MeHH cbohmh cBerjibiMH rn£3KaMH, ajiwe me'KH TpenemyT cnep»caH-
240
HbiM CMexoM, Bnepe6HBKy 3Byvír Mononbie, nóôpbie rojiocá: a aeMHo-ro noflajibiue, b niyoHHe yroTHoö KOMHarbi, npyníe, to ace MOJioflbíe pý-KH, öeraroT no KJiáBHiuaM crapeHbKoro imaHHHO — n Ban b c He MoaceT 3 amy luh Tb bopkothk) caMcmápa...
„KaK xopoLUH, KaK cséacH Öbcrn pÓ3bi..."
Cße^ia MepKHeT n rácHeT. . . CBepHyBiirncb b KanáqHK, acMeTcn h B3flpárHBaeT y hot mohx CTapbin ne c, moh e jjhhctb e hhbih TOBapHiii. MHe xójiOflHo... H 3HÖHy,.. H Bce ohm yMepUH... yMepnn...
„KaK xopomn, KaK cséacH Ôbdih p03bi.. .**
(H. Typzeneé)
ynpawHeHHe 4. IlpoMHTaHTe cnoBa, noMHHTe o penyKUHH [a, e] nocne MÄTKHX coniacHwx.
a) IleTyx, Be3ne, Benpo, B3nna, cHHna, ranneTb, cbä3Hoh, nírraK, mhchhk, Becna, 6ena, ÖeTOH, neKaÖpb, Menajib, Bcerna. 6) BennKaH, BecTHÔiojib, BnaiepoM, nepeKpecTOK.
YnpaníHeHHe 5. IlpoH3HecHTe cnosa, oSpaxHTe BHHMaHHe Ha KanecTBO e b
pa3HWX n03HUHKX.
IlepenHcaTb, nepeMepHTb, nepeBecTH, nepeBepriyTb, nepeH3ÖpaTb, nepeBeHCKHH, ne6enHHbrií, oepeaoiHBbiH, cepejniHa, aeneraTbi, nepepbtB, Bnepenn, reHepan, TenerpaíJ).
YnpajKHeHHe 6. npoH3HecHre cnoBa, cnenHTe 3a apTHKyjiauHeíí a, e b co^eTa-HHH c [j] b Haqane cnoBa.
Ü3BLK, HBneHHe, HHLio, HHBapb, anoHen, HpJibTK, OTMeHb, ena, ennn CTBO, eHOT, enncKon, eine.
ynpaxoieHHe 7. npoH3HecHxe h 3aTpaHCKpH6HpyöTe cnoBa, conepjKamHe a, e b coqeTaHHM c macHbiMH h [j].
HeyTOMHMbrň, MayxaTb, 3Ha^eHne, HanpaBJíeHHe, 3anBJieHHe, He-onpöpHTenbHo, nanib, cbenpÖHbiö, norľbe3acaTb, fleHTenbHOCTb, Mam* hmk, HeH36eacHbm, HensBecTHbm, oofcHBttemie.
YnpajKHeHHe 8. IIpoH3HecHTe cnenyioiuHe 3ByKOBbie cone Tann h h cnoBa. ConocraBbTe ynapHfeíe h 6e3ynapHBie a, e.
Bec — Be cm, ôen, — 6ena, 6eT — öeron, neK — neKa6pb, Men — MejJ-Benb, Me t — Meiajín-, pe ■ peKa, Heß — HeBa, Bec — Becraôionb, BeT —
BeTepOK, H3 — H3MK, hb — abu e hm e, hh — ffllOHen, hh — HHBapb, Hp —
HpJibiK, e — ena, eH — e hot, bh3 — BH3aľb, mhc — mächhk, miT — miTaK. YnpaxmeHHe 9. IlpoH3HecHTe cnoBa c penyuHpoBaHHbiM a b 3aynapHpft
n03HUHH.
HenejiH, nenerauna, peBonioLtHfl, apMna, BpeMH, Bnnn, Konn, 3HaMH, npHHHTbrii, neBHTb, ruxaMH, naMHTb,
241
YnpajKHeHMe 10. npocnyiuattTe h npowTaííTe craxoTBopeHHe, BbinejiHTe cjioBa c 6e3ynapHbiMH macHHMH, npoH3HecHTe hx emě pa3.
He Bdep, Bea c bmcotm, JThctob KocHyncÄ hohmo jrymiOH; Moeö nyiiffl KOCHynacb th — OHa TpeBOJKHa, KaK jihcth, OHa, KaK rycjiH, MHorocrpyHHa. )KHTeHCKHÖ BHxpb eíi Tep3an H coKpyíiJHTenbHbiM Ha6er0M, Cbhcth h Boa, CTpyHbi pBan H 3aHOCHJi xonojjHbiM CHeroM. Tboh >Ke peijb jiacKaex cnyx, Tßoe nenco npHKOCHOBeHbe, KaK ox UBeTOB jieTHiuHH nyx, KaK MaňcKoň ho^h jryHOBeHbe.
T/npasaieHHe 11. upomíTaňTe cnoBa, cnenHTe 3a apraKyjiHUHen o.
Ojibra, Bona, boh, bohhm, nojie, nonbKa, noMHio, ÔojibHO, Monb, Mope, mo h, tboh, cojib, coBecTb, ToMb, nočné, OMyT, ona, Omck, 06b, (popMa, oce Hb, noma, oh, onbiT, OTHaji, o6hhji, o6iuhh.
ynpajKHeHHe 12. IlpoiHTaHTe npennojiceHHH, BLinnuíHTe cnoBa c ynapHtiM [o], npoH3HecHTe hx eine pa3.
3to Onbra. noňneM b none. MHe 6onbHO. Mw c MOpa. Tboh ôjiok-hot? OHa H3 OMCKa. BpaT o6Han Onio. HacTyrouia oceHb. Cne-nan onbii? Tne   noma? PeKa 06b rayôoKa.   Bot pexa ToMb.
3 to oh?
ynpajKHeHne 13. npocnyuiaHTe h npowraftTe CTHXOTBOpeHHH. CnenHTe 3a npoH3HouieHHeM 3ByKa [o] b BbiAeneHHbix criorax.
qaponeňKoio 3hmoh> OKonflOBaH, nec ctoht — H non, chokhoh 6axpOMOio,
HenOflBHJKHOK), HeMOK), ^ynHOH 5KH3HbKJ OH ÔJieCTHT.
H CTOHT oh, oKonnoBaH, -He MepTBen h He >khboh — Chom Bonme6HbiM oiapoBaH, Becb oKyTaH, Becb OKOBaH Jlé'rKOH nenbH) nyxoBoň.
Ha xonMax Tpy3HH nesrarr HOMHaa Mma; UlyMHT Aparea npenp mhow.
(A. K. To/icToü)
(0. Twmee)
242
MHe rpycTHO h nerico; nenajib mo h CBexna;
üeianb mo h nojiHa to 6010,
T060H, onHOH T060H... yHbiHbH Moero
Hh^to He My^HT, He tocbo^kht,
H cepnije bhobi> ropHT h ak>6ht — ottoto,
^Ito He nioÔHTb oho He MoxceT.
(A. C IlyuiKüH)
To 6bDTO paHHeH) BeCHOH,
TpaBa enBa BcxonHJia, Py*n>h TeKjiH, He napHJi 3hoh,
H 3eneHb pom cKB03HJia; To ÔbUio paHHeio BecHOH,
B TeHH 6epě3 to 6bino, Korna c yjiwÖKOH npeflo mhoh
Tbi onu onycxHJia...
(A. K. Toactou)
YnpajKHeHHe 14. IlpoH3HecHTe cnoBa, npaBHJibHo apTHKynnpyHTe 3Byx [bi]. Tbl, Mbl, Bbl, Tbül, MbIJI, BbDI, nbPI, flblM, CbIT, Cbip, pbül, HJlbÜI,
KpbDvf, nbiHH, Mbuio, jibicbiH, canjti, nonbi, mapbi, boah, bohhm, CKajibi, UBerbL, qacbi, 3a6bm, 3aBbin.
YnpaxaieHHe 15. MHTaftxe npennoxceHHS, cneaHTe 3a npon3HouieHHem bi.
nočné rpo3bi B03nyx hhctmh. Xíaň Bonti. KpacHBwe imeTbi. Opnbi cHnerm Ha Kpaw CKajibi, Tae npon,aioT sth KpacHbie mapbi? nnoHepw npHHecjiH HBeTbi. Tbi noMbm pyKH? ÜTKyna ahm? IloeneM b KpwM. 3to flbfflH. Haponbi MHpa He xotht bqhhm. Bm 3a6bDiH cboh qacbi. H3 Tpy6bi HflěT ronyooBaTbrii ahm.
YnpajKHeHHe 16. 06pa3yÄxe MHcoKecTBeHHoe «mono ot naHHbix cymecrBH-TeJibHbix, npoH3HecHTe hx, cnenHTe 3a apTHKynaimeH 6e3ynapHoro bi.
CTyneHT, TenecpOH, no3T, KopHAop, Mara3HH, 3aBOA> apa6, arpo-HOM, naneii, JiaMna, KapTHHa, craicaH.
YnpawHeHHe 17. IIpoHHTattTe cnixoTBOpeHHA h oTpbiBKH h3 hhx, cnenHTe 3a npoM3HOmeHHeM m b pa3Hbix ito3huhsx.
Tbl H Bbl
IlycToe bm cepnéqHbiM Tbl OHá, oÔMÓjiBHCb, 3aMerouia H Bee cqacTJTHBbie Me^TM B Aymé b ji ioöji ě hhoh B036yAHJia. npefl Hen 3anyMqHBO ctok>, CBecra oqéž c Hee HeT chám;
243
H roBopw eö: KaK bw mhjim! H MBicJiH): KaK xeÔH nroôjiió!
(A. C nyuiKUH)
KaK h xoqy, hto6 ctdohkh 3th
3a6feUTH, h TO OHH CJIOßa,
A ctíľjih: hcöo, KpwinH, Beiep, Cbipbix oyjibBápoB aepeBar. ^to6 H3 pacnáxHyroň cTpaHHnM.
KaK H3 OTKpMTOrO OKHÍ,
Pa3nájiCÄ CBex, 3aneriH nxáiiibi, JloxHyJia »H3HH rnyÔHHa.
(Ä CoKOJioé)
ynpaxaiemie 18. TTpoHHTanTe npenjioHceHHa, cnejjHTe 3a npoH3HoiiieHH6M h Ha cTbiKe cnoB h nocnenpennoroB.
Mbi ejiH cyn h Kauiy. Bjiokhot MpHHbi. Bw 6buiM b HpaHe? BpaT jiioöht HCKyccTBO. AHHa BepHynacb H3 HTajiHH, Bot KapaHnauiH 6y\ía-ra. Majibiui 3aiuiaKaji ot Hcnyra. floicjian cnyiiiajiH c HHTepecoM. JXe-peBbH Bce b HHee. Ä Hny b HHCTHTyr. Bhktop hačt h3 HHCTHTyra. Pac-cKaaoi 06 Hhhhh. Oh oecenpBaji c HBaHOM h c HpnHoň. Rem nrpajiH
nOA hboh.
ynpaxcHeHHe 19. npocjiymaflTe h npoHHTaňTe cTHXOTBOpeHHe, noMHHxe o
npOH3HOUieHHH u b pa3HbIX II03HUHJIX.
MOJIOflÉHCH
Hac roAW HayMHjiH MyApo Mm BbipocjiH,
CMOTpeTb b noTOK Ho Heap He TaeT.
JJp rny6HHbi, ByHTapcKHH »cap
H b HaiHHx KJHOinecKHX B Hac He ocnaö!
KyApHX Mbl BWpOCJIH,
J\o cpoKa — KaK BbipacTaeT
CHOKHOCTb CenHHbl. HAyTUHH k npHCraHH KOpaOJlb.
(M. Ytkuh)
ynpaxaieHHe 20. CnyiuaflTe, noBTopaHTe.
3hme, no3T, 06 stom, no3Ma, 3My, 3pa, snoc, SKCTpa, 3KcnopT,
3hTP, 3H, 3TOT, 3XO.
ynpaacHeHHe 21. npomíTaňTe, conociaBbTe npoH3HouieHHe OTKpbrroro h 3aKpwToro [e].
Cap — cep, 30 — eň, 3xo — exan, Map — Me pa, 3My — e My, nsp — nepbfl.
244
ynpaxaieHHe 22. IIpocnyinaBTe h npoh3Hechtě cnoBa c oTKpi>m>iM [e] nočné [>k, m, u].
Uejibiň, jKeinuHHa, mene a, ueHTp, y:*ce, uiepcTb, rteHHbiň, cnyaceS-Hbiň, npHineô, uenb, npo>KeKTOp, b KOBiue.
YnpaMoieHHe 23. IIpoH3HecHTe cnoBa c mhtkhmh comacHbiMH nepen e.
EejieHbKHH, 6ejibBÍ, 6ejiKa, 6enHbrÄ, Ha Tpyôe, oôeji* k ce6e, 6er, 6eraTb, Ôeperv Beiep, BepHTb, BepcHH, MypaBeii, npHBST, bck, cobct, Becb, Benep, Bemb, BecTb. TeHHH, rep6, Tepa, aremcTBO, k Hore. ZJejio, HafleTb, onejtcna, One cca, rne, nem*, necHTb, nem, aenyiiiKa, 3aneTb, ner> 3KHÍi, neroní, neBHTb, neMOKpaiHH, neicnapaimH, npe3HneHT, nenyiai. 3eneHb, 3epKajio, o rrx>3e, ra3eia, pe3epB, My3eň, npH3eMHCTbiň, 3eMnn. jTcthhh, SaneT, KoneHo, 6one3Hb, Jlepa, neBbrií, nemá, nec, no-ne3HbDÍ, jieTonHCb, nenH. Mecnu, 3aMeTHJiH, Menneimo, o6mch, MecTO, Mepa, npHMepKa, Meji. Heôb, HecKOJibKO, Herpw, HeKOMy, HeacHOCTb, HeHaBHdb, HepBM, iraoHep. IleHCHfl, npnneB, nepeii, neHHCTbrií, ner> creHb, He ycnen. PeHKa, ropeib, pejajcHií, oe3BbiH, 0TDe3axb, opex, b >Ka-pe, TapenKa. KoHKpeTHbM, neKpeT, KoppeKTOp, peKTOp. Cepbrii, ceMH, ycencn, noceB, oceHHHH, ccho, cep6bi, ceKima, ceKTop, cepmi. TexHH-Ka, noTepn, TeMa, Tero, TecHo, uacTeHbKO, naiem, TexHHKa, teicci, Te-Hop, xepMHH, napnieT, TeMn. OepMa, k npocpe, 4>en, qbecKa, Koc^eô-hhk, Oena. StipqbeKT, npoqbeccop. tfexn, k cBene, 3aneM, HecTHbm, qeô, qeK, qepe3, qepro, qecTb, qeTBepo,
Ynpa>KHeHHe 24. ITpocnymaňTe h npomiTaňTe cxhxot bo p euue, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM rnacHoro e h MHrKHx comacHbix.
K B.
íl BCTpeTHJi Bac — h Bce 6bmoe B oTJKHBiueM cepflue o>khjio;
H BCnOMHHJI BpeMfl 30JIOTOe —
H cepfliry cTano TaK Teroio...
KaK no3nHeii oceHH nopoK) EbmaioT jjhh, 6bmaeT nac, Korna noBeei Bnpyr BecHOio, • H mto-to BCTpeneHeTCH b Hac, —
TaK Becb oÔboth jryHOBeHbeM Tex JieT nyuieBHOH nonHOTbi, C naBHo 3a6biTWM ynoeHbeM
CMOTpH) Ha MHJIbie MepTbl. ..
KaK nocne bckoboh pa3JiyKH, rjiH»cy Ha Bac, KaK 6w bo cHe, —
H BOT CJlblHIHee CTaJIH 3ByKH,
He yMOJiKaBiJJHe bo mhc ..
245
TyT He ojTHO bo cno MHHaHbe,
Tyr )KH3Hb 3arOBOpHJiaBHOBb, —
H to ace b Bac onapoBaHbe,
H Ta m b zryme Moeň nioôbBb!,.
(0. TwTuee)
ynpaHCHeHHe 25. IlpoHHTaftTe cnoBa, cnenHTe 3a MancocTbio comacHbix ne-pea h.
npo6HTb, BHfleTb, yHTH, OTBC3TH, 3hH3, nOHMH, HHHa, TIHTb, pne, CHHHH, THXO, <J)HJIbTp, HHCTO.
YnpajKHeHHe 26. IlpoiHTaHTe cno Ba c coMeraHHHMH th, ah.
Be/JH, HaHJJHj BpenHTb, BofinHTe, Bo/jHTenb, 6ynHJibHHK, hjjhjijihh,
HeCTH, 3HHTH, CMC CT H, npOCTHTbCH, nyCTHTb, rpCCTH, CTHXH, 3aiUia-THTb.
ynpaxíHeHHe 27. npowTaftTe npennoKeisui. CnoBa c mhfkhmh [t, n] npo-
H3HecHTe eme pa3.
BaneHTHH chhht Ha nHBaHe. Y CTyneHTOB-BbinycKHKKÓB — nnruio-Mbi. PeKTOp nonpocnn Bcex bohth h no3/jpaBHn c OKOHHamieM hhcth-TyTa. BynHJibHHK thxo npo3BeHeji. Tnrp onieTHHnncH h ocKajinn kjiw-kh. JIhjjhh TiíxoHOBHa penaKTiípoBajia craTbH no scTeTHice. Peoírra HáqajTH aKTHBHo rpecTH. Ilpo^e'ccop npoBonnn Sečeny o HHaji^KTHKe
pa3BHTHH OÖmeCTBa. ripOHTH CBOH CTHXH. ThXOH npOCTHJICH H THXO
Bb'mien Ha Kpbmbnp. Ha co6paHHH oÖcyacnancH nepcneKTHBHbiH imaH npennpHÄTHH. 3iÍHa b chhch 6ný3e. Pht3 y Hhhm. Cicópo Mbi cnannM 3K3áMeHbi h noeneM Ha ponnHy. KoHcraHTHH OTKpán nHCKyccHio. Jlófla ecT pHCOByio Kanry. Y Chmw tocth.
ynpaxcHeHHe 28. 06pa3yttTe npHnaraTenbHbre ot cnenyioumx cymecTBHTejib-Hbix, npoH3HecHTe Hx. CnenHTe 3a MHrKOCTbio cornacHbix nocne 3aKpbrroro
MecTO, HeacHocTb, HepBbi, ocera*, TexHHKa, Kofye, qecTb, oôen, BeTep, npHBeT, cobct, 3epKano, ra3eTa, 3eMfiH, 3enem>.
ynpaxcHemie 29. IIpoH3HecHTe, conocTaBbTe 3ByKOBbie coieTanmi no mht-
kocth-TBepnOCTH.
Ta — th, na — ah, to — Tě, no — ne, iy — no, tm — th, rn>i — nn, T3 - Te, n3 - ne, ny - wo.
ynpaiKHeHHe 30. ITpoMHTattTe cnoBa, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeiraeM [t', n,'].
[e].
AHaneKTHKa
AHBH3HH
nnnaKTHKa
nHIUIOMaTHHe CKHH
HHTepeCHO HHUHneHT
KapTHHa npenonaBaTenb
246
HHpeKTHBa pa3BHTHe
HeHb nojíHTHKa
fleJIO OTKpMTHe
3nofleô coSbiTHe
Ynpa>KHeHHe 31. IIpoqHTaHTe npenno^eHHa, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HoineinieM coieTaHHH cornacHbix c e, h.
Oena npHexan.. CeMBH ycénacb Ha KOBpe. IleTH noBecHn Kenicy Ha BeniariKy. J\em 3anejiH rmoHépcicHe nécroi. HHJKeHép- tcxhhk npenír HBHJi naTCHT Ha H3o6peTeHHe 3JieKTpOMexaHH3Ma. JleraHň BeTep 6bin npHHTeH. Ilo AOJiHHaM h no B3ropbHM inna ahbh3hh Bnepe'a (u3 nec-hu). flem> BeqepeeT, Honb ôJiH3Ka (TwTuee). 3to (fcepiviep? PaôoTa urna 6e3 noTepH b pe Merní. H c iuiáqeM 6e3rnácHoe t6io CnemójiH ohh ynecTH; B oKHé Torná hto-to ôeneno, 3By^ano orrýna: npocTH. (M. JTepMOHToe)
YnpaiKHeHHe 32. IlpoH3HecHTe cnoBa co 3ByKaMH [h\ d,', t'] .
HHTb, HHHe, O HHHe, CHHTb, O BOHH6, b He6e, OHH, nOHHTb,TeKCT
Teivia, HHHHfleHT, nenyTaT, npe3Hjj,eHT, nHOHep, My3eô, peKTop neKau.
ynpaníHeHHe 33. ConocraBbTe npoH3HouxeHHe mätkhx h TBepnwx [h, n, t] .
canbi — nocanH HbiTb — HHTb
xonbi —xonn HaHa—hähä
LĽBeTbl — UB6TH HbIJl — Hnjl
noHypbiô — Hiopa bohm — bo ah
ynpaxeHeinie 34. IIpoMHTaňTe craxoTBOpeHHe. CnenHTe 3a apíHKynauiieH
3HMHHE CYMEPKH 3hmhhx cyMepeK tóhkhc KpácKH
yflHBHTenbHO Aopora MHC
CKOnbKO flÓGpOH, 3aCTCHyHBOh nácKH
B OCBeTHBUieMCH népBOM OKHe!
CKÓnbKO nérKož h pínocTHoň rpycTH, TaK h pBymeHca H3 6eperoB, B THiuHHe h MeAnHTenbHOM xpycre Pa3AaiómHXCH rne-TO inaroB!..
{K BaniueHKUH)
ynpa>KHeHHe 35. npoMHTaftTe cth xotbo peHHe. 3aTpaHCKpH6HpyHTe BbineneH-Hbie cnosa c mhtkhmh connacHhiMH.
To nepBoe jiioÔbh npHKOCHOBeHbe
Mbl npOHeCJIH CKB03b BOAy H OľOHb,
247
Mto6 h ceňnac, ceronHH, TÓnbKo TpoHb,
TaKoe >Ke nonyBCTBOBan ropeHbe.
HecöbiBuieecfl Haine chobhachm
Mw c5eperriH ot TbicaqH noro Hb,
H 6e3 yjflbí, kslk onjwáBiimH koht>,
dpeMrnaB Hecnncb roná b KpOBH h neHe.
R BepHJi, Bépio: oýny acHTb Bcerna
Toooii, Moá OTpána h Sená,
T060H, MOH Harpána h Hecqácrbe,
Tw - 6onb MO«, Tbl 6bnb mohx TpeBor,
H onnaTHTb 6bi 3Ty ôbnb h Mor
Jlniub cepnneM, pa3opBáBiiiHMCH Ha náčin.
(Ä A3apoe. ,tIIo3dHuä Med ")
Ynpa>KHeHHe 36. IlpOMHTaftTe, conocraBbTe 3HaqeHHíi cjiob, npoH3HecHTe
hx.
KpOB — KDOBb 6bIT — 6bITb
meči — mecTb cran — CTajib Men — Men b ynap - y«apb oneT — ofleTb B on Ha — BonbHa
6 pO CHT — 600CH Tb
Heap —acapb era h — cxaHb ropKa — ropbKO nap - napb Mon — Monb 6paT — 6paTb ropKa — ropbKO roBopm — roBopHTb peunrr — peuniTb
KOH — K O Hb
yron — yronb nan — nanb e er — ecTb 6amca — 6am>Ka
30pKO — 30pbKa
nonKa — nonbKa
OTBeTHT — OTBeTHTb npOCTHT — npocTHTb
ynpajKHeHHe 37. 06pa3yflTe ot naHHbix cymecľBHTejibHbix npmiaraTejibHbie Ha -ck h h, cnenHTe 3a MarxocTbio cornacHbix.
OeBpanb, anperíb, HioHb, neKaÔpb, Hionb, ceHrnöpb, oKTHÖpb, ho-
fl6pb.
ynpaxcHeHHe 38. IIpocnyiiiaHTe h npowraiíTe cthxotbopeHHe. QienHTe 3a
npOH3HOUieHHeM mhtkhx COTTiaCHblX H 3ByKOB [>K, III, H1, III'].
Cpenb uiyMHoro 6ana, cnynaňHO, B TpeBore MHpcKoň cyexbi, TeÖH h yBHflen, ho Tamta Tboh noKpbmana nepTM.
JTunib omh nenanbHo rnnnenn, A ronoc Tax tjhbho 3Bynan, KaK 3BOH oTflaneHHOH canpenH, KaK mo pn HrpaiomHH Ban.
MHe cTaH tboh noHpaBHncH tohkhž
H BeCb TBOH 3anyMMHBbIH BHA,
248
H CMex tboh, h rpycTHbiň, h 3bohkhh, C Tex nop b Moé*M cepflue 3By*iHT.
B qacbi onHHOKHe homh Jlioojiio n, ycranbiň, npimeqb — H BH5Ky nenanbHbie oto, H cnbimy Becenyw peMb;
H rpycTHO h tek 3acbinaio, H b rpČ3ax HeBeflOMbix cimio... Jlioônio im Teßfl — h He 3Haio, Ho Ka^eTCH mhc, mto nroônio!
(A. K. Tojictou)
ynpaxcHeiDie 39. IlpoH3HecHTe cnoBa, cnenHTe 3a mhikoctmo cornacKbix b
KOHue cnoBa.			
aBTOMOÖffllb	Kopaojib	OMepenb	coBecTb
BnacTb	KpOBb	nnomanb	conb
rocnHTanb	Jiarepb	noBecTb	cneKTaicib
rpyflb	HHBCHb	conb	cianb
rpycTt	nwôoBb	nojjriHCb	creöejib
HBepb	Menanb	nopicpenb	CTKHb
neHb	Meub	npenonaBaiejib	cyxapb
3anncb	yrojib	nyTb	Tononb
KaMCHb	MOpKOBb	pOHJlb	TeTpanb
Kaprocipenb	HeHaBHCTb	pyôjib	yronb
Kauienb	oroHb	pynb	UHpKyjib
km cen b	o6yBb	CKaiepTb	HKOpb
	oipacjib		
ynpaxmeHHe 40. IIpoH3HecHTe cnoBa, nocraBtTe hx b npennoKHOM nanexe, cne/jHTe 3a mhtkoctbio cornacHoro [p'].
ÄBepb cjioBapb KaneHnapb ceKpeiapb
HHBapb
ceHTHÖpb
OKTHÖpb
narepb
neKaôpb
HKOpb (pOHapb
cyxapb
YnpajKHeHMe 41. npoqHTaHTe, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM npHnararejibHux c MHTKHM [n'] nepen cy(p<pHKCOM -H.
CnnbHbHi, nbmbHbiň, npouianbHbiň, cMepTenbHbiň, neHTpanbHbiH, co3HAaTenbHbiH, 3acTonbHbiň, nenbHbiH, ýronbHbiň, yrónbHbiô, couh-ajibHbiH, cTpoHTejibHbiň, coMHHTenbHbiH, nonnonbHbiH, ccbuibHbrii, Te-aTpajibHbrií, jaeÄTenbHbrii, cKaHnanbHbiH, 6onbHoň, KpHCTanbHbm, Ka-ôanbHbiň, aKTyanbHbiň.
249
ynpaMCHemie 42. ripoH3HecHTe cJioBa c MÄrKHM [n'].
TojibKO, noôbjíbiue, MajibMHK, BOJibHo, ôojibHHna, objíbHo, Haqajib-HHK, Herib3H, najibTO, najibMa, Banbc, KynajibiuHK, nojibKa, penbCbi, yMbiBajibHHK, cKonbKO.
ynpa>KHeHHe 43. IIpoqHTaftTe craxoTBOpeHHe. BunnuniTe cnoBa, conepjKa-mjae 3ByKH [p, p', n, n*].
EcTb b óceHH nepBOHaqánbHoií KopOTKaji, ho řnÍBHaH nopá -Becb nem. ctoht k&k 6m xpycTajibHbm, H nynesápHbi Benepá...
ľne ôonpMH cepn ryjian h nánan Konoc, Tenepb yac nýcTO bcS — npoeróp Be3fle, — JTHiiib nayTHHbi tohkhh bojioc BjiecTHT Ha npá3nHoň 6op03flé,
ITycieei B03nyx, niHii He cjimiuho ôone, Ho naneKO eine no népBbix 3hmhhx 6ypb — H jibéTCH HHCTaH h Těrmaa Jia3ypb Ha OTjJbixáíoiuee none...
(0. TroTHee)
ynpawHeime 44. 06pa3yflTe ot naroibix cymectb h Tentra>ix npimaraTejibHbie
c cy(p(pHKCOM -ck.
O 6 p a 3 e h: ymre/ib — ywTejibCKUü.
tlHTaieflb, npenoAaBaienb, anpenb, Hionb, nncaienb, ceno.
YnpaxaieHHe 45. 06pa3yftxe npHnaraTenuibie npH noíMoiuH cy<pcpHKca -h ot cnenyiomKx cymecTBHTenbHbix. CocraBKre c h h mm cnoBocoMexaHMH.
O 6 p a 3 e n: deare/ib — desiTe/ibUbiu - dexTejibHbiů nenoeeK
neno cnna anKoronb
nbinb yronb cKaHflan
ÔCWIb O CBO ö0 HHTenb CTpOHTejIb
npoH3BonHienb       BOK3an co3HnaTenb ccbDiKa HHrerpan Kaöajia
YnpaxoieHHe 46. npoMMTanre cnoBa, cnejjHTe 3a mhhcoctuo cornacHbix nepen. jjl .
CeMbH, nbé'T, KonocbH, ľiHCTbÄ, npy3bÄ, nepbff, inběT, cynbH, xcmibě', Bbwra, 6bK», ciyxibfl, MypaBbH, o6e3bHHa, py>Kbé\ oceHbio, nepeBwi.
Ynpa)KHeHHe 47. IIpoH3HecnTe napbi cjiob. ConocraBbTe hx no 3HaqeHmo.
Kojí ä — kojí mi canroT — conbioT
KopoBa — KOpoBbe conio — conwo
250
6e3 ccmh — 5e3 ceMbH
JléT — JlbéT )khbčm — aCHBbé'm
CéMKa — cbé'MKa
nonio — nojibio 30Bé"T — 3aBbei ceji — eben
oóeneHHbiň — o6-beHeHHbrä
YnpajKHeHHe 48. llpoHHTaftTe npenjio>KeHHfl. BbmHiuHTe cnoBa, conepjica-unie [j] , 3aTpaHCKpHÔHpyňTe hx.
HaM oqeHb noHpáBHnacb b 3oonápKe ManeHbKaÄ o6e3bíÍHa. Tep-neHbe h Tpyn Bce nepeTpyT. Bopoôbó tmpHKaioT Ha cý*n>jrx. KaK Baiue 3flppÓBbe? XlípbH iubéT iuiáTbe. Tbi eben cyn? Ha umáne nepbH. Hoqbio 3JiÄfiacb Bbióra, cwnajiHCb xnónba: CHera, jiifcTbH iiryMenH Ha nepeBbax. Kaiaíe KpacHBbie Konácba! YÔepií cxýnbH. JXpyíbk cnaéjiH Ha rmeTéHbix CTyjibHX y 6epera Mopa. B ch ceMba coôpajiacb. K aóMy non^éxan ajr> KrraHT h oÔtiHBhji 06 orbe3/j;e. He 3a to BOJiKa 6bioT, *rro cep, a 3a to, mto OBiiy eben (nocnoeuua). Ytk Heôb o'ceHbio Awiuajio (IlyiuKUH). noBTopeHbe — MaTb yneHbH (noc/ioeuua),
ynpa>KHeHHe 49. IlpoHHTaHTe cthxotbopeHHe, cnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHKeM
MÄTKHX COrnaCHblX BO BCeX n03HUHHX.
OTTEIIEJIb
OTTenenb nocne MeTejiH. Tonúco yTHXJia nypra. Pa30M cyrpo6bi ocejm H noTeMHenH CHera.
B KJIOHbHX pa30 pBaHHOH TYMH
BnemeT ockojiok nymi. Cocch THMcénbie cy^h MoKporo CHera nojiHbi. nanaioT, ruiaBHTCH, jiwoTca
JlbHHHKH, BTblKaflCb B Cyrp06.
JIy>kh, KaK TomcHe ônroflna, Cbcthtch okojio Tpon. nycrb MonianHBoô apeMOToň Benbie jjbimaT nona,
HeH3MepHMOH paÔOTOH
3aHHia cHOBa 3eMJia. Ckodo npocHyTCH nepeBbH,
CKOpO, nOCTpOHBIHHCb B pHfl,
nrarx nepejiéTHbix KoneBbH B Tpyôw BecHbi 3aTpy6aT.
(H. 3a6o/iou_Kuu) 251
ynpaxoieHHe 50. ripocnyiuaňre otpmbok H3 npoH3Ben.eHH« M, IopbKoro „TlecHa o CoKOJie". BbinmiiHTe cnoBa c mhtkhmh comacHbíMM nepen, [j]. HariH-uiHTe TpaHCKpHnuHio BbifleneHHbix cjiob.
Bnpyr b to ymenbe, rne Yjk cBepHyncH, nan c He6a Cokoji c pa36n-Toň rpynwo, b kdobh na nepbHX...
CKB03b cepbiň KaMeHb Bona comtnacb, h 6buio nyniHO b ymenbe TěMHOM, h naxno rHHJibro.
H KpHKHyji Cokoji c tockoh h oojibio, co6paB Bce chíibi: „ — O, ecjTH 6 b He6o xoTb pa3 nonHHTbCfl!.. Bpara npiracan 6m a k paHaM rpy-nn, h 3axjie6HyncH 6 Moeň oh KpoBbio!.. O, cqacTbe 6htbm!. ."
A y*5K nonyMan: „^onaaio 6biTb, b He6e h b c3mom nene noacHTb npHBTHO, KOHb oh TaK ctohct! . "
m npennoacHJi oh cBo6orjHoň niHne: „A tm nonBHHbcn Ha Kpaň ymejibH h BHH3 6pocaňcfl",
H nonpnién oh, pacnpaBHJi KpbiJibfl, B3noxHyn Bceň rpynbio, CBepKHyn oqaMH h — bhh3 cKarancH.
H caM, KaK KaMeHb, cKOJib3H no CKanaM, oh 6mctdo naflan, noMaa Kpbuibn, Tepna nepwi...
ynpaxcHeHHe 51. lípo w raň Te otpmbkh h3 cthxotb opeHHH, BbmeJiHTe cnoBa,   coflepiKaiuHe   MHrKHe   coraacHbie   nepen. [j], nafl/re   hx b TpaH-
CKpHnUHH.
Bo rnyčHHe chShpckhx pyn XpaHHTe ropnoe TepneHbe, He nponaneT Bani cKopSHbiň Tpyfl H nyM BbicoKoe cTpeMneHbe.
HeciacTbio BepHaa cecrpa,
Haneacna b MpaiHOM non3eMenbe
Pa36ynHT obflpocTb h Becenbe.
npnneT acenaHHan nopa.
(A. C. IlyiuKuH)
JlioSoBb, nioĎOBb — macHT npenaHbe — Cok)3 nyiim c nyinoň ponHoň -Hx cbcmmcubc, coqeTaHbe, H pOKOBOe HX cnHHHbe,
M ... noennHOK poKOBoň... * * *
Bnonne noHHTHo mhč 3HaqeHbe
TBoeň 6one3HeHHOH Me^tm, Tboh 6opb6a, tboč CTpeMneHbe, TBoe TpeBoacHOe cnyaceHbe Ilpen nneanoM KpacoTbi...
(&. Twmeé)
252
ynpaxcHemie 52. %rraHTe npennoxeinui, npaBtuiufo apTHKy/iHpyftTe coma ch tie [>k, m, m', m'j.
Majiwiu, uoHQMy tli KpH4iíiin»? Moö 6paT névuiK. B qáíHKe naň, naň ropHMHH. )Kyx ^KyaoKHT. Ham noM, pa3pýmeHHbiň bohhoh, mm cHOBa B03Benó. B Hero ojmájKAM Been ceMběň mbi BeniHHM jjHeM boildih ißeepee). npH Blíne yneTaiourHX acypaBJíéH MHe cTáno rpýcTHO. Han, peKOÖ, HaKJioHHCb, 4to-TO menne t KaMbíiii, a KpyroM, Ha nonax, He-npooýnHaa thub (CypuKoe). B kométy MenjieHHO Bornen Bpaq, Ho BeřTep cqácTbH nyiiiy HaM He cTynHT! H c k&kjjlim nneM ôbraqe 6yneT MoánioGÓBb, neTflman Bflaná (ÁMUHoea). HKiwpß. Bennaji He6a KocHyTb-CH, 3Ta THjKKan HcaHcna BHnHa (AxMadynnuná). Bonóna 6bm 6e3 inari-KH. Wýpa, Tííine, pa36ynHiiib Manbímá. 3hm6bluhkh CMOTpénH Ha npro-páiomHä KOCTěp. H noncnýinan 3th nécHH 3onoTbix rpÄjjyiuMX /jHeö b myMe (J)á6pHK, b KpÄKax crann, b 3no6HOM menecTe peMHeň. H CMOTpén, KaK moh TOBapmn 3onoTyio cTanb kobíui, h b tot mht 3apá rpanyineň nHK qyaecHMH pa3raaán (Kupun/ioe). H 3eMHoň map *IyTb He Becb 060měn, — H >KH3Hb xoponiá, h >KHTb xopomó (Ä Morkos-ckuu).
Ynpa>KHeHHe 53. npocnymaflTe cthxotbopevme. ripomíTaitTe cnoBa, conep-jKaiiJHe 3ByKH [>k, m, ui\ q*], n povi3H ecHTe h x.
H Teôe miqero He CKaacy, H Te6n He scTpeBoxcy HHqyTb, H o tom, MTO ä moji na TBepacy, He pemycb hh 3a qro HaMeKHyib.
Uenbffl neHb cnm HoqHbie inseTM, Ho nHLUb conHue 3a pomy 3aňAeT,
PaCKpMBaiOTCJI THXO AHCTbl,
H ä CTbniry, KaK cepniie uBeTé't.
H b ÖonbHyio ycranyio rpynb BeeT Bnaroíi hohhoh. .. h npoHcy íí Te6n He BCTpeBoacy HHqyTb, H Tede HHMero He cKaacy.
(A. 0eT)
YnpawHeHMe 54. IlpoH3HecMTe cnoBa, b KOTOpMX coiexamie ht npoH3H0CHT-ch KaK [iut],
*Ito, ttoÔm, hto-to, hto-HHÖynb, Koe-iro, hh 3a hto, He 3a mto.
YnpajKHeHHe 55. ľIpoH3HecHTe cnoBa, b KOToptix coHexaMHe «m npoH3HocHT-CH KaK [um].
KoHeqHO, cKyqHO, Hapomto, ropMHqHHK, HHMHHua, npaqeqHaa,
nyCTH4HbIH,   CKBOpeHHHK,   AHHa  HHKHTH4Ha,  MapHH Ky3bMHHH4Ha,
TaibflHa HjibHHH4na.
253
YnpaíKHeHHe 56. npoMHTaňTe, npaBHJľbHo npoH3HoCHTe OKomaHHa b B03BpaT-hmx maronax.
3aHHMaTbC«, yHMTBCH, jieHHTBCH, KynaTbCH, CMenTbCíi, npocTynHTb-ch, orjiHHyTbCH, yjibíĎHyThCÄ, 3anyMaTbca, noBepHyibCH, ôonTbCH, HcnyraTbCH.
ynpaxcHeHHe 57. n po HHTaÄTe craxoTBopeHHe. BbiľiHiiíHTe cnoBa, conep-jKaume 3ByKH [>k, ui, uť, i']. HarmuíHTe TpaHCKpHnuHio am x cjiob.
MOPOI1IKA
PÓ30Boe Heôb ceBepHoro néia, B HéM 3apn 3aKaTa h 3apá paccBeia. IIÓmhio Ha ôbjíoTe TÓnKyio nppÓHacy, Mw no Hen xofliuiH coÔHpáib Mopoimcy.
BénbIMH HOnáMH B H3HOCTH HČ DIKTCS;
y mohx nonpýaceK ioôohkh H3 cáma, Ha rpyfló y Ka>tcnoH napOBáa 6pouiKa — Hrona MopóniKa, cnénan MOpouiKa.
Hrona necHán, ceBepHoro Kpán; IlonpocHn MopóniKH nýniKHH, yMHpáa, Ho eme He 3Hána n npo Ty MopóniKy, A 6paná, KaK cnácrrbe, áronbi b nanónncy...
CnénoK) Mopóimcoií nopocnó Bce ko*ikh... y MopómKH Haniež po30Bbie mémoi, y MopouncH Hameň CTpoHHeHbKan HoacKa. BoTOHa KaKáa, ôápbiHH-MOponiKa!
(3. A/ieKcandpoeä)
ynpa>KHeHHe 58. npoqHTalÍTe oTpbiBOK M3 npoH3BeneHHa K. IlaycTOBCKoro „CeBepHaa noBecrt". BbinenHTe cnoBa c mhtkhmh comacHbiMH, npoH3HecHTe hx, cnenaňTe TpaHCKpHratHK). CnenHTe 3a npoH3HomeHHeM 3bykob [jk, m, m\ i\ uj-
Ilo coBeTy noKTOpa menpHH cHnn KOMHary y pw6aKa ílexepa HKoÔceHa.
MáneHbKHií CTápbrií aom ctohji y cáMOH Borjbi. KÓMHara menpHHá 6bmá BHKpameHa b acénTyio KpácKy h 3aBeniaHa c^Torpac^HHMH npen-kob HKOÔceHa. B noMe ôbino nncro h thxo, H3peni<a TÓnbKO Hkoôcch nen Ha KyxHe 3ayHWBHbie neoní h npHTOirbiBan b TaKT Horóô, ko-BbipflHCb b cTapbix ceráx.
CTpaHHo ôbino, CHnn b sthx CTapHHHbix KOMHaTax, ^HTaTb ra3erbi, nbinaBUJHe ncápOM peBonronHÓHHoro BpeMeHH. TaseTbi 6binH nonHw npH3biBOB, HeronoBáHHn, omenoMJiHiomHx H3BecTHH, coo6ineHHÔ o B03BpaineHHH b Pocchio JleHHHa.
254
Hmh JleHHHa yyxé rpeMeno Ha MaipoccKHx MHTHHrax. Oho obijio Bciony. CTpeMHTejibHbie MHHOHOciibi pa3H0CHJiH ero no cypOBoň Bánra-Ke. OhÓ LUHpHnocb, pocnó, oho dáno 3HaMeHeM h Haneacnoň 5aji ranne b.
— 3apa counanncTHHecKOH peBonionnH yacé* 3aHfljiácb, — CKa3án
JleHHH BO BpeMH BdpeMH erÓ HÜ ÔHHflÄHflCKOM BOK3ájie.
3th cnOBa pa3Hecnncb no BceMy íJwiÓTy, Ka3ánocb, náxce Mope nooenno nr/Meno h, Hecn k 6eperaM MOiitHbie Niáccbi cBepKaromen bo-jjbi, noBTopano sin cnoßa.
yflAPEHME B CriOBAX
ynpasKHeHHe 59. BcraBbTe bmčcto to4ck nonxoAfliuHe no CMbícny cnoBa.
1. 3to ... MHe nenoBeK. Mbi haom y3Kož ... (dopozou). 2. topora npHBena k ... . BpaT npHAenan k ... Hyaaryio aeianb (30MKy). 3. H ... pyKH. Tbi He BHflen ... cyMKy? (mow). 4. npHQen 3th ... . 3necb cocpeflOToqeHbi KaBanepHHCKHe ... (no/iKÚ). 5. Bot H3Becraoe yxpaHHCKoe ... . ConHue ... 3a Ty^H (ceno). 6, h y>Ke ... b Mara3HH. Bona iiryMHO ... c rop (cöezand). 7. PeôeHOK Bcerna ... MenneHHO. PaôoHHH yjKe ... h My 3eMneô (3acunaÁ).
YnpaatHeHHe 60. npowTaftTe cnoBa, cnenHTe 3a ynapemieM.
Ha ÄOHy, b KpbiMy, b KnnHy, b cany, b nonicy, b necy, Ha yniy, na MOCTy, b nopTy, Ha nony, b lUKacpy, b yrny, Ha ôepery.
ynpajKHeHHe 61. npowTaflxe napw cnoB, cocraBbTe c hhmh cnoBocoMeTamm hm npenjío^KenHíi.
Pon. nafl., e«. i.	Mm. na r., mh. «l
ropo na	ropo na
Ma črepa	Macrepa
noKTopa	noKTopa
ocrpoBa	OCTpOBa
noe3oa	noe3na
Bewepa	Beiepa
rna3a	rna3a
no Ma	flOMa
neca	neca
nacnopra	nacnopra
anpeca	anpeca
255
YnpawHeHHe 62. ripowTaftre rpynnbi otob xceHCKoro pona, cnenjiTe 3a chbh-roM ynapeHHH.
Mm. nan., efl- <k	Pofl. nafl., efl. q.		Hm. naa-» mh. 1.
Bona	BOflbl		
3eMJtH	3eMJlH		3eMJIM
crpaHa	CTpaHU		crpaHbi
CTOpOHa	CTOpOHM		CTOpOHbl
>KeHa	>KeHbi		MíěHbi
rnaBa	rnaBbi		rnaBbi
cecrpa	cecTpw		cecTpbi
BOFHa	BOftHbl		BOttHbl
cynj>6a	cyntSbi		cynj>6w
C&MhX	CeMbH		CeMbH
rp03a	rpo3M		rpo3U
CKana	CKajiu		cKajibi
cocHa	COCHbl		COCHbl
Hrpa	Hrpbi		Hrpu
ueHa	ueHbi		UeHbi
creHa	creHbi		creHbi
nyma	nyuiH		nyuiH
THjpfaMa	TKjpbMW		TIOpbMbl
pena	peKH		pCKH
pyica	pyKH		pyKH ...
YnpaacHeHHe 63. IIpoqHTaHTe cnoBa jKeHCKoro pona, noMHHie o cnpure ynapeHHJi.
T
Hm. nan., ept. 1.	Bhh. nan., en. h.
CTOpOHa	cropoHy
rojiOBa	ronoBy
60 pona	6opony
flocKa	flocKy
3eMJia	3cmj1k)
pyxa	pyxy
Hora	Hory
CHHHa	cnHHy
měna	meny
3HMa	3hmv
Bona	Bony
fly ma	nyury
ropa	ropy
ueHa	ueHy
256
YnpajKHeHHe 64. IIpoqHTaňTe cnoBa, cocraBbTe c hhmh cnoBOcoqeTamifl h npenjio>KeHHH.
HoBOCTeö, Bemeň, oojiacTeň, poneň, Meno^eö, nBepeô, peren, rmomafleň, cieneö.
YnpaMCHeHHe 65. IIpOHHTaHTe rpynnti cjiob cpenHero po/ja, cnenHTe 3a cnBH-roM ynapeHHH.
Hm. nan., en;, i.	Pon. na a* r en. n.	Hm. nan., mh. i.
OKHO	OKHa	OKHa
ceno	cena	cena
BHHO	BHHa	BHHa
flft U O	Hftua	ait na
riHCbMO	HHCbNta	nHCbMa
ILSTHO	ILHTHa	njiTHa
JIHUO	nnua	jiHua
qHCJio	mena	to ena
pe6po	pe6pa	peôpa
cepaue	cepHua	cep/ma
Mope	MOpH	MOpH
MeCTO	Mecra	Mecra
neno	flena	nena
BOftCKO	BOHCKa	BOHCKa
npaBO	npasa	npaBa
CJIOBO	cnoBa	cnoBa
YnpaíKHeHHe 66. npowTaHTe npHnaraTentHBie, cnenHTe 3a ynaperoieM. ÍIoflGepHTe k HHM cymecTBHTeJibHfcie. ľIpoH3HecHTe cnoBoooMeTaHHH eiue pa3.
PoflHOH, npHMOH, ochobhoh, CenOH, qyjKDH, ÔOJIbLUOH, cnenoö, npaBOBOH, H3MKOBOH (By3, c})aKyJIbTeT, npo4>HJlb, HO! íOMKOBaH KOJI-
6aca), 3aBOflCKoň, MopcKoň, nevinnou, hjioxoh.
YnpajKHeHHe 67. IIpoqHTaHTe KpaTKHe npHJiaraTeJiBHLie jiceHCKoro pona, cocraBbTe cnoBocoHeTaHna, cpaBHHTe c KpaTKHMH npHnaraTenbHbiMH My>KCKoro pona.
floGpa, ôenna, rjiyna, xopoiua, Bečena, BKycHa, cbna, Monona, >KHBa, TecHa, Kpemca, ropná.
YnpajKHeHHe 68. Or naHHbix rnaronoB o6pa3yttTe (popMbi xeeHCKoro pona h MHOHcecTBeHHoro um ena npomenjuero BpeMeHH, npoH3Hec»Te h x.
O 6 p a 3 e li: ordan - ordanä - ordanu.
257
3Baji, cnaji, mm, nan, 6pan, B3nn, 3aHKn, Haqan, othhji, nepenan, noHHJi, npHHHJi, oTflan, co3nan.
TUnbl MHTOHAUMH
YnpajKHeHHe 69. TlpoMHTaftTe tckct, npaBHJiLHO hhtohhpyiÍTe HK-1, orípene-jiHTe Apyrae thiili MK.
HIOHbCKAfl HCTCb
Han nepéBHeň thxo bcxotjht nyHá. KapTHHa BenHKonermaH. IIocTe-neHHo rácHyr Bee othh, h bot ymě o#Há nyHá cbctht c bmcotm. Ycirý-JTH nrónbi h nepéBbn. A HOHHbie imeTbi pacnycTHjiHCb h hcíkho náxHyT. KopoTKH HioHbCKHe homh! Bot yacé Ha HeôbcBOjie 3acBeTHjTHCb oôna-Ká, nricTbH tdcbóhcho B3npdrHyriH h 3arnenecTěnH ot npen,-yTpeHHerö BeTepKá. Howb   ycrynáeT cboh npaßa  cBeiy h He3a-
mötho yxÓíMT.
ynpaxcHeHHe 70. CnyuiaftTe, noBTop«flTe, cnenHTe 3a hhtohhpOBaHHCM HK-1.
OceHb.'íamH neca,
Mox cyxHx 6onoT. 03epo Geneco.
EnenHbiH HeôocBon.
OTimenH kybijjhhkh, H ma(J>paH OTUBen.
BblÔHTbl TpOnHHKH
Jlec h nycT h ron.
TonbKo Tbi KpacHBa,
XoTb AaBHo cyxa, B Koqxax y 3anHBa
Crapan onbxa.
)KeHCTBeHHO rnnnHiiibCfl
B Bony b nojrycHe — H 3acepe6pHUTbCH
IlpeHCfle Bcex k BecHe.
(M. Eynun)
YnpajKHeHHe 71. ^HTaflTe tckct. CnenafiTe HHTOHauHOHHyio pa3MeTKv. cnenHTe 3a hhtohhpoBaHHeM HK-1.
OCEHb
OceHbH) nec mohhht. B npenqyBCTBHH xononpB yMonKJiH nnmbi. Hh 3ByKa. IlacMypHoe He6b. Ilo Bone mibiByT xcenTbie nHCTbn. B Ka-
258
MMinax nepejiěTHbie niHnw. Ohh TpeBOMCHo xjionaioT KpbuiBHMH. Ha pe-Ke HH nyiiiH...
(I7o B. IleCKoey)
ynpaxaieHHe 72. npoaiyuiaRTe h npowraftTe TeKcr. GnenHre 3a khto-HanHeíí.
H norniflncs Ha JjrrypMäHCKyio pyÖKy... MépxBbiň uiXHjib. UonHaa acHaa jryHa ctoht cnpaßa, Han, xyMaHHbiMH cnnyaiaMH npHHneßbix ocTpOBOB. OrpoMHEH 30jiOTaH nonoca npoflOJibHo önenieT Mexny hh-mh. BjiecK 3eneHOBaToro cxeicna B03HHKaei h racHei, nepejiHBaeica no BonHaM Boane caMoro 6opTa. Ho bcS b OTnaneHHH nonepHyio MaxoBO-6e-něcoíí uaflpOH, HexHoň, npo3paqnoň. . . íl onaxb oÖohhji 3tot oco6biň, cnanKHH h cyxoň apoMaT öeperoB TypuHH...
(K BynuH. „KpuK ")
ynpajKHeHMe 73. ripocnymaHTe h npouHTafiTe craxoxBopeHHe. B tme jih Te MK-1.
YTPO
3Bě3nbi MCpKHyr h racHyT. B orné oonaKa.
BenbM nap no JiyraM paccmnaexca.
no 3epKanbHOH b one, no KynpaM Ji03HHKa
Ot 3apH anbin cBei pa3JiHBaexca.
JípeMJieT qyTKHH KaMbiuL THmb-6e3Jiionbe BOKpyr.
tjyxb npHMexHa Tponnraca po ch ctan.
KycT 3aneHenib mieqoM — Ha jihuo Te6e Bflpyr
C JTHCTbeB 6pbi3Hex poca cepeôpHcraa.
noiHHyji BexepoK, — Bony Mopinjax-paÖHT,
npoHecnHCb yxKH c myMOM h cKpbuiHca.
JlaneKO-naneKO KonoKonbmiK 3bchhx,
PbiôaKH b manaiiie npoSynrnraca,
Chhtih cexH c uiecxoB, Bécna k nonKaM Hecyx...
A BOCTOK Bce ropHx-pa3ropaexca.
niHHKH conHbiunca >Kjjyx, nxHHKH necHH noiox,
H CTOHX ce6e nec, ynwöaeica.
(H. Hukutuh)
ynpancHeHHe 74. ripocnymaHTe  h   npoMHxaHTe   otpmbkh   h3 noBecTH A. C. riyíHKHHa „KanHxaHCKaa flpMKa". IipoBenHre mieHeHHe Ha CHHTarMtí h onpe-flejiHTe ranti HK.
„ľne 5K6 Kpenocxb?" — cnpocHJi a c ynHBnemieM. „Jla box OHa", — oxBemn hmluhk, yKa3bľBaa Ha jj,epeByiirKy, h c 3thmh cnoBaMH Mbi b Heé BiexajiH. „Bohjjh, ÖanoiUKa, — oxBenaji HHBanHn, — Hanm npMa". „^to BaM yronHo, 6aTK»iirKa?w — cnpocHJia OHa, npononxcaa CBoe 3mu-1 XHe. „H cjibimaji, — CKa3an a npBonbHO HeiccxaxH, — mxo Ha Banry Kpe-
259
nocTb coöHpaioTCH HanacTL ÖaiincHpirbi". „Ot Koro, öanoniKa, tm H3-BOJiHn 3T0 cjibiuiarb?" — cnpocKH MßaH KysbMHM. „MHe xaK cKa3bma-jiH B OpeHÖypre", — OTBCian h. , JlycTÄKH!" - cKa3an KOMeHflaHT. „Ii BaM He CTpaiimo, — npononacaii h, oSpaiuancb k KanHiaHnie, — ocra*
BaibCH B KPenOCTH, nOHBepHCeHHOH TEKHM OnaCHOCTHM?" »JIpHBbiq-
Ka, MOH GarioiiiKa", — OTBeqana oHa. „A MapHH HßaHOBHa? — cnpocHJi H, — raK »ce cMena, kük h bm?" „CMena jth Mama? — OTBeqana ee" MaTb. — Hei, Mama rpycHxa. Ro chx nop He mojkct cjibuiiaTb BbicTpena H3 pymn: Tax h TpeneineTca."
YnpaxcHeHHe 75. npocnyiuaftTe h npoqHTaftTe craxoTBopeHHe, cnenHTe 3a hh-TOHainieA.
HßETOK
UBeiOK 3acoxiUHH, 6e3yxaHHbiH,
3a6biTbDi b KHHre bh»cy h;
H bot yace mcmtok) CTpaHHoä
flyiua HanojiHHnacb moh:
I"ne úpěn? Korna? KaKOÖ BecHOK»?
H flonro nb npen? h copßaH KeM,
qy^koh, 3HaK0M0H HH pyKOK)?
H nono>Ké"H ciona 3aneM?
Ha naMJTTb HexcHoro jib CBHnaHbH,
Hnn pa3JiyKH pokoboh,
Hnb onHHOKoro rynHHb«
B thihh noneň, b Temi necHoä?
H )khb nn tot, H Ta Hama nH?
H HbmMe rne hx yronoK?
HnH yxce ohh yBHJTH,
KaK ceň HeBenoMbiá irBexoK?
(A. C üyiuKUH)
YnpajKHeHHe 76. IIpocJiyiiiaHTe h npoiHTaüTe lOMOpecKH. BbinemiTe cnoBa c OTKpMTbiM H 3aKpbiTbiM [e], cnenHTe 3a HHTOHaiuieH.
BPEMfl H BE^HOCTb
OnHaxcnbi oflHa >KypHajiHCTKa cnpocHJia npocpeccopa 3hh-nrreŮHa:
— Kaxafl pa3mma Mečeny BpeMeHeM h bchhoctmo?
— ECJIH 6bl y MeHH 6bUIO BpeMH, MTOÖbl OÖbHCHHTb BaM 3Ty pa3HH-
iry, — CKa3an 3ňHiirreHH, — to npomna 6m BeMHocTb, npeacne tom bm 6bi eě noHHJiH.
260
3K3AMEH
CiyneHT npnxceH cnaib nocnenmiž 3K3äMeH.
— Tbl nonroTOBHncfl? — cn počnu oTeii.
— Ha, Ráme k caMOMy ruioxoMy.
CKOnbKO CTOHT EľO XH3Hb
ü03t PoßepT BepHC uién no Ôepery peKH. Oh yBHnen, iro 5oraTbiň qenoBeK ynan b Bony. BenHwo odochjich b Bony h cnac ÔoraToro.
BoraTbiň nenoBeic nan eMy MejiKyio MOHexy. JTtohh, Koxopbie BHnenH 3to, oqeHb paccepjjHJiHCb. Ohh xoTenn 6pocHTb ÔoraToro o6paTHo b Bony. Ho BepHC cKa3aji:
— He Hano SToro nenaTb. BoraTbiň qenoBeK ny*nne 3Haei, cKonb-
ko CTOHT erO >KH3Hb
YnpaMoieHHe 77. npocnyuiaHTe CTHxoTBopeHHe. OôpaTHTe b hh meh m e Ha nnHTejTbHocTb raacHbix b ueHTpax HK h šmouho HanbHyio HacbimeHHocTb cthxo-TBopeHHH. npoHHTaftTe, cjieflHTe 3a hhtohhpoBaHHem.
Bot y>k cHer nocnenHHň b none Tad, TennbiH nap bocxohht ot 3eMFiH, H KyBiHHHHHK cHHHH pacuBeTaex, H 30bvt flpyr Apyra xcypaBJiH. fOHbiň ne c, b 3ené*KbiH hmm oneibm, Tennbix rp03 HeTepnenHBO >KneT; Bce BecHbi ffbixamieM corpeio, Bcé" KpyroM h nroÖHT h noei.
(A. K. Toactou)
ynpajKHemie 78. upocnymaHTe h npoHHTäftTe tckct, cnenHTe 3a 3mouho-Hanwío OKpauieHHofl HHTOHaimeH, npaBHJibHO npoH3HocHTe 3ByKH [p, p', ji, ji\ x, vl\ k, ui, uľ].
3K3AMEH
PacxBacTancfl nonyraä:
— íl yMew roBopHTb no-MenoBe*n>h! TepneTb He Mory niHqbHX H3biKOB. Bonbiue bw He ycnbnuHTe or Mena. hh oflHoro cnoBa Ha nra-MbeM >i3brKe!
— Ax, ax! — pa3axajTHCb TpHCory3KH. — Kaican yMHHua! Oh 6y ne t roBopHTb TonbKO no-qenOBeMbH! OHnpe3HpaeT nTHMHH h3Hk!
— Oh yMeeT roBopHTb no-qenoBe^bH? — nepecnpocnn CTapbm Bo-' poH. — Hy, Hro tkI 3to Hennoxo. Ho sto eme He 3HaMHT, hto oh yMHee Bcex! H TO>Ke 3Haio HecKonbKO qenoBe*n>Hx cnoB, ho ä He c^HTaio ceÔH MynpeuoM!
261
— A Bbi norOBOpHxe, noroBopHTe c hhm no-qenoBéqbH! — 3aBepe-maim Tpflcory3KH. — Ha riTHMbeM jobiKe oh h pa3roBapHBaxb c Baivm He ciaHeT. CaMH yBHflHTe!
— nonpoOyeMÍ — CKa3an BopoH h nepejieTeji Ha BeTKy, rne cnnen Ba»Hbffl nonyrao.
— 3rj;paBCTByHTe! — npep;cTaBHJicfl BopoH Ha hhctom lenOBenbeM S3biKe. — 3npppaBCTByHTe!
— H - BopppoH!
— nonKa-nypaK! nonKa-nypax! — BaacHO OTBexHJi e My nonyraH to ace no-qejiOBeqbH. — nonKa-nypaK!
— Bbi CJIbllHHTe? — BOCXHTHJIHCb TpHC0ry3KH.
— Oh sac yoerjHH?
— fla! — CKa3an BopoH. — He hhm cornaceHÍ
(g MuxwKoa)
ynpa>KHeHHe 79. npocnyuiaHTe h npcmmuRTe cTHxoTBopeHHe, npoBejjHTe <ui6H6HHe Ha cHHxarMW h onpeÄejiHTe thiiw MK. CneoHTe 3a npoH3HoiueHHeM MHTKHX COmaCHblX h 3bykob [ac, hi, ijj:', q'].
H omh 3Han, — o, 3th oqn! KaK h nroönn hx, — 3Haei 6or! Ot hx BonmeÖHOH, cTpacTHofi ho^h H nyury OTOpBarb He mot
B HenoCTHacHMOm stom B30pe,
>KH3Hb oÖHaacaioineM no nHa,
TaKoe cjibiuianocH rope,
TaKaa CTpaciH rnyoHHa! H b 3TH qynHbie MraoBeHbfl Hh pa3y MHe ne noBenocb C hhm noBCTpeqaTbcn 6e3 BOjiHeHbfl H JlIOÖOBaTbCH hm 6c3 cně3.
(0. TwTneé)
ynpaxmeHHe 80. npocnyuiaitTe h npomrraílTe paccKa3. CoenaftTe HHTOHa-UHOHHyio pa3MeTKy TeKcra. IIOMHHTe o penyKUHH rjiaatbix h mxtkocth co-rnacHbix 3ByKOB.
TOJICTblH H TOHKHH
Ha BOK3ane HHKonaeBCKoň acene3Hon nppora BCTpeiHnHCb npa npHHTenn: ohhh ToncTbiö, npyroň tohkhh. Toncxbiö TonbKO hto noo6e-naji Ha BOK3ane, h ry6w ero, nonepHyxbie MacnoM, noamjmcb, kíik cnenwe bhujhh. Tohkhh ace TonbKO mo b bim en h3 BaroHa h 6bin Ha-BbKweH qeMonaHaMH, y3naMH h KapTomcaMH.
— nopqoHpHÔ! - BocKjfflKHyji ToncTbiH, yBHneB tohkoto. — Tw nn 3T0? TonyÖqHK moh! CKonbKO 3hm, CKonbKo nei!
262
— EanouiKH! — H3yMHJicH tohkhh. — Mhukl! flpyr neTCTBa! Ot-
Kyfla TM B3HJICH?
npijjrrenH TpoeKpaTHo oonodbisanHCb1 h ycTpeMHJiH apyr Ha npyra raa3a, nojiHbie cjie3. 06a 6bura npHHTHo ome-noMJieHbi.
— MHJibiH moh! — Haqarr tohkhh nocne Jio6bi3aHHH. — Bot hč ojkh-nan! Bot ck>pnpH3! Hy na nornnnH >Ke Ha mchh xopomeHbKo! TaKoň xce KpacaBeu, KaK h 6bin! Ax tm, rocnonHÍ Hy, *rro ace Tbi? EoraT? )KeHaT?
— Hy, KaK >KHBeiiib, npyr? — cnpoom ToncTbm, BOCTopaceimo ranná Ha npyra. — CnyjKHiiib rne? floCTyTKHncn?
— Cnyacy, miuimh moh. )KanoBaHbe2 rmoxoe. . . Hy na 6or c hhm! DKena ypoKH My3biKH naé't, a nopTCHrapbi npHBarao3 H3 nepeBa nenaio. OTJiHHHbie nopTCHrapw! Ilo py6jmKy 3a nrryKy nponaio. Hy, a tm KaK? He6ocb, yace craTCKHH?4 A?
— HeT, MKribiH moh, nojjHHMaH noBhiine, — cKa3an ToncTbrii. — ň y»ce no TaňHoro5 HOcny>KHncfl... Jipe 3Be3HM HMeio.
Tohkhh Bnpyr noónenHen, OKaMeHen, ho cKOpo jih no hckphbh-nocb bo Bce cropoHbi umponamneH ynbiĎKoii. CaM oh cběHauicn, crop-6hjich, cy3Hncn.,.
— H, Banie npeBOCxonHTenbCTBO. . . OneHb npiwTHo-c! Hpyr, M05KH0 cKa3axb, neTCTBa h Bnpyr BbHuen b Taiate BenbMO)KH-c! Xh-xh-c.
— Hy, nonHo! — noMOpinjuicfl tojicthh. - JXyin qero 3Tot toh? Mm c to6oh npy3bH neTCTBa — h k neMy TyT sto HHHonoqHTaHne!
— noMHnyiíTe. . . *Ito bm-c . . — 3axHxHKan tohkhh, emé* 6bnee Cbé>KHBaHCb. — MHnocTHBoe BHHMaHHe Baniero npeBocxonHTenbCTBa... Bpone KaK 6m HCHBHTenbHoň Bnaní... 3to bot, same npeBOCxonHTenb-ctbo, cmh moh... aceHa JTyH3a, moTepařnca6, HeKOTopMM 06-pa30M.
ToncTbiň xoTen 6bino B03pa3HTb tto-to, ho Ha jmne y tohkoix) 6bino HairacaHO cronbKo onaroroBeHHH, cnanociH h noqTHTenbHoň KHCnoTM, nro TaňHoro coBeiHHKa ctouihhjio. Oh OTBepHyncH ot toh-Koro h nonan eMy Ha npomaHbe pyKy. Tohkhh noxcan TpH nanbua, no-KJiOHHncn BceM TynoBHUj;eM h 3axHXUKan...
(A. Vexoe)
1 o6no6bt30Aucb - nouenoBajiHCb
2 oiamoeaHbe — neHejKHoe B03Harpa>KfleHHe 3a cjiy>K6y, paScny
3 npueaTHO — qacTHMM nopanKOM
A craTCKUu (coscthuk) - rpaacAaHCKHH ihh b uapcKoft Pocchw
5raúHbiú   (coeemuKJ - buciuhh rpajKflaHckhr mhh b uapcKoft Pocchh
^AfOTspoHKů - npHHa/jjie>Kaiuaíi k jnoTepaHCKoft uepKBH
263
YnpajKHeHHe 81. npocjiyiuaflTe h npomiTaftTe croxoTBopeHHe, BbineuHTe cnoBa c LUHiiHiuHMH corjiacHWMH, npoH3HecHTe mx. OienMTe 3a apTMKyjiÄUHeB mätkhx cornacHbix h penyKUHeH rnacHbix.
B flHH nPA3ÄHHKA Ha npa3ftHHKe OkthÖpbCKOH ronpBiHHHbi
H BCnOMHHJI B HOB b ÔbUIbie BpeMeHa:
H TycKJibrii CBd HeBbicoxuieň JiywHbi, H no BecHe — coxa h öopoHa; H Tonme 6e3paflOCTHbie hhbh, C KOTopwx He nonyHHuib raraero; H qeii-TO ronoc b none CHpOTJiHBbm, ^to acflěi — 30BeT HeBenpMO Koro... Kaican m Bonn h Kaican cnna Bbina, npy3bH, noHcrmie HyacHa, *lTo6bi TaKOK) cnenanacb Pocchh, KaKoň cerojjHH caenanacb OHa; íto6 Ha MoryqeM Ha ee npocTpaHCTBe Xneöa creHoň BdaBann no BecHe, ^106 He nyHHHa — cbct sneKTpocTammH
B H04H0M KpeCTbHHCKOM BCnblXHBan OKHe,
R to 6 3auBenH Ha ceBepe canbi
H qio6 Mopn, KaK b CKa3Ke B03HHKann
B cyxHX cTennx, 3aqaxmHx 6e3 Bonbi...
H Mbl rOpflbl, WTO 3TO HB b K) CTaJIO,
^to Tbi, Pocchh, cnenanacb TaKoň. HcnojiHHJiHCb BenMKne Havana, HaqepTaHHbie neHHHCKOH pyKož.
(m HcaKoecKuu)
ynpaxaieHHe 82. npowTaftTe OTpbiBOK h3 paccKa3a M. IIIonoxOBa „Pojjhh-Ka". CnenHTe 3a HHTOHainieíi. IlpaBHJibHO apTHKyjiHpyflTe 6e3yn,apHbie rnacHbie h MHTKHe oornacHbie.
yqHTBCH Bbi...
Ha crone ríuib3bi naTpoHHwe, náxHyiiuie cropéBiuHM nópoxoivr, 6apáHbH KOCTb, noneßan KapTa, CBOnxa, ysneHKa HaôopHan c nyniKÓM nouianiÍHoro ncíra, Kpaiôxa xnéôa. Bee sto Ha CToné, a Ha naßice Hh-Konáň KonieBÓň, KOMaHiJjip BCKanpoHa, chaht. KapaHfláin b nánbuax
erÓ     H33H6IIIHX,     HenBHMCHMblX.    PhHOM    C   flaBHHJIIHHMH iuiaKá-
Ta\fH, pacnnácTaHHbiMH Ha CTone, — aHKeTa, HanonoBiÍHy 3a-nonHeHHan.
264
IIpÓTHB rpa(J)bi „BÓ3pacT" KapaHAani MánneHHo Bbroonni: 18 Jiex. ITneiHCT HHKÓjiKa, He no neiaM BbirjiHflHT. CrápHT eró rna3a b; MOpLiiHHKax nyMHCTbix h cramá, no-cTapHKOBCKH cyTynan.
— MajibHHLUKa Benb, — tobopht b scKaapÓHe, — a nonbrani flpyro-ro, kto 6bi cyviéji noHTH 6e3 ypoHa nHKBHnHpoBaTb mae 6áHnbi h non-róna BonHTb 3CKaApÓH b 6oh h cxBáTKH He xyace nioöoro ciáporo ko-MaHnópa!
CTbinHTca HHKonKa cbohx boceMHanuaTH neT. Bcerflá npÓTHB HeHaBHCTHOH rpacpbí „BÓ3pacT" KapaHnám non3ěT, 3aMennHH 6er, a HHKOJiKHHbi CKýnbi nonbixaioT npcáflHbíM pyMHHAeM. Ka3ak Iíhkoji-khh oTeii, a no orný h oh kz3Ík. ..
Xára, r^e KBapTHpýeT HnKonKa, ctoht Han ,Hphom. IIo hohsm b 6ýpK) BÓnHbi cTyqáTCH, ciáBHH TOcicyioT, 3axně6bmaHCb, h qynHTCH Hh-KOjráio, mto Boná BKpánqHBO non3ě*T b inejiH nóna h, npHObmáfl, TpncěT xáiy.
XoTén oh Ha Apyrýio KBapriipy nepeÜTH, na TaK h He nepeniěn,
OClánCH AO OCeHH. YtpOM MOp03HblM Ha KpbDlbn(5 Bbímejl HHKOHKa,
cnycTHJicH b BHiHHěBbiň caAHK h nér Ha TpaBy, 3annaKaHHyio, cenyio OT pocbL Cnbinmo, KaK b capáe yroBapHBaeT xo3HHKa KopOBy CTOHTb cnoKOHHO, TenoK MbraÍT TpéooBaiejibHO h ÖacoBHTo, a o ctchkh Be-AěpKa Bbi3BaHHBaK)T CTpýn MonoKa.
Bo ABOpé cKpHrnryna KanHTKa, cooaKa 3anáana, rónoc b3boa-Horo:
— KoMaHAHp aóW? IlpHnoAHHncfl Ha hokthx HHKonKa.
— Bot oh h! Hy, neró TaM eine?
— HapoqHbiü1 npHexan h3 cTaHmibi. ToBopm:, 6aHna npoönnacb HS CánbCKoro OKpyra, cobxo3 rpýniHHCKHH 3aHJDiá*...
— Bene eró CK>flá\
Thhct nápo^HbiH k Komouffle nóinanb, nOTOM ropjWHM oomnyio. ílocpeAH ab opa ynájia Ta na nepénHHe Horu, noiÓM — Ha 5ok, 3axpnne-na OTpbroHCTO h KÓpoTKo h H3Aoxna, rnána CTeKJieHáiomHMH rna3a-mh Ha uenHyio coöaKy, 3axne6HyBiiiyiocfl 3no6HbiM náeM. ÜOTOMy H3-nóxna, q-ro c naK^TOM 3thm CKaKan o6poK BěpcT, He nepeAbixáfl Hapoq-
HbIH.
ripoMHTáji Hmcómca, mo npeAceAaTenb npocHT ero BwcTynHTb c 3CKaAPÓHOM Ha noAMOry, h b ropmuiy noinen, niá*niKy neimiw, nyMan ycTario: „YMHibCH 6w noexaib Kyni-HHÖyAb, a Tyr 6aHAa. .     <... >
Bbiruen Ha KpbiJibup, 3apn»caH Ha xopý Kapa6HH, a mmgjih, KaK no-mann no yrónTaHHOMy iunflxy2, MMánncb: „B rópoA 6h yexaTb. . . yqATbCH 6..
1 mpOHHbiü - JTHiio, nocnaHHoe co cneuiHbiM nopyqeHHeM, roHeu, Kyptep 3 uuiHx - Aopora
265
YnpajKHeHHe 83. IIpocjiymaHTe h npoiHTaftTe craxoTBopeHHe. ITpOBenHTe qjie-HCHH6 Ha CHHTarMbi, onpenejiHTe THnbi HK. CnejjHTe 3a apTHKyjiHimek 3ByKOB
[p,n, p',n'].
METPO
Hora KocHyjiacb scKanaTopa, CiyneHbKH TpoHyjmcb, njibmyT... H h bt»e35Kaio TpHyMqbaTopoM
B nOA3eMHbIH, MpaMOpHLIM yH)T. H MpaMOp HeKHblH yTIblÔaCTCH, H hct cpaBHeHHH LLBeTaM, A nsepubi caMH pacKpwBaiOTCH — IIoHcanyHCTa — BxonHTe k HaM.
dpyHTCH HHKeJIb B CBeTe MaTOBOM
MonoMHo-Öejibix 4>0Hapeň.
3necb Bcé OT nynuiero, 6oraTOro
BoraTOň ponHHe Moeň.
H bot rnibmyT nBopijw npeKpacHwe,
HenoBTopHMbie, KaK co h, —
, Jj3ep5iaiHCKaH", „BopoTa KpacHwe". ..
Ho — ocTaHOBKa h neppoH.,.
MHe rpycTHO sto paccTaBaHHe,
H b KopHflopax BeTepoK
BocnpHHHMawT, KaK jjBixaHHe
Tbohx cTpoHTenen, „MeTpo".
nyCTb CTaHeilIb Tbl OÔblKHOBeHHOH)
npHBMHKOH 6ynHMHHOH b ronax, He CMOJiKHeT necnn BnoxHOBeHHax, no3Mbi cnaBbi h Tpyfla.
(B. Kupuruioe)
ynpaxcHemie   84. npowraftTe nnajior b nimax. PaccKancHTe o MocKBe,
nOMHHTe 06 HHTOHHpOBaHKH Bcex THnOB HK.
Mbl nPHEXAJTH B MOCKBY
— 3ripaBCTByHTe, TOBapHinn! C npHe3flOMÍ
— CnacHoo.
— KaK bw ce6« HyBcrByeTe? KaK noéxajiH?
— CnacHÔo, Bcé b nopflflKe. Kyni bw Hac noBe3é'Te?
— Ceírqác noeneM b rocTHHHiiy.
— OneHb xoponi<5. PaccKaacHTe, nojKányHcra, no nppóre o Banieň 3aMeqárejibHOH CTOjníiie.
— C ynpBÓjibCTBHeM. CanjiTecb, noxányňcTa, b MaimÍHy. Bw Benb 3HaeTe, hťo MocKßa BnepBbie ynoMHHaetch b JieTorracH 1147 róna?
266
--- CoBepniéHHO ßepHO. 3to Sbiná ManeHLKan Kpénocxb Ha bmcó-kom 6eperý peKif Mockbm. B ipifflániiaxoM BeKe MocKBa crána ctojth-neS MocKÓBCKoro KHjbcecTBa, a b qeiMpHannaxoM BeKe Ha Me'cre nepe-BHHHwx cien KpenocTH 6buiH cflenaHbi KáMeHHbie. Topori 6bui o6Hecé'H BbicoKHM 3eMJiHHbiM BajiOM b Biíne Konbifá. 3xa rpaHmia r o po na coxpa-HHJiacb b coBpeM^HHOH MocKBe non Ha3BaHHeM EynbBapHoro Konbiia. B to pán rpaHHna — 3io HbmeniHee CanpBoe Konbnp, a coBpeMeHHan qer> xá rópona npoxónHT no KonbueBOH moccéňHoň MarncxpánH, HHaMexp KOTÓpoô CBbime 100 km. MocKBa — 3TO orpoMHbiH rópon c HaceneHH-eM 6ónee 8 mhjdihÓhob nenoBeK, 3X0 rópon ncBíixH acene3Honop6»CHwx BOK3ánoB h nflTH asponópTOB, 3T0 nopT nnTH mo peň. MocKBa — HHny-cTpHájibHbiň rópon, 3necb npOH3BÓn«Tca aBTOMaiiiHHbi, CTEHKH, aneK-TponpHdópbi, MOCTOBbie KpaHbi, sjieKTpóqecKHe MOTopw, xononjbib-HHKH, qacbí, TOHHeňnjHe MexamoMbi.
— CMOTpHie, KpeMnb!
— fla. 3to cépnne Cobctckoh cxpamíi. 06paxHxe BHHMaHHe Ha CTapHHHbie ôániHH, ABopubi, npeBHHe coôopbi, a cpenjí hhx — HÓBoe 3naHHe ^BOpná Cié3npB.
— KaKÓe BenóiHe, CTpórocxb h npocroxa! CKaaáfae, noacányHxa, a mo 3a 3náHHe BHnnéeTCH xaM, cneBa?
— 3to rocynapcTBeHHaa oHÔJiHOxéKa HMena B. H. JlémiHa, 6bra-xéňuiee KHHroxpaHHjTHine Mirpa. Mocraaa — ueHxp coBexckoh HayKH h Kynbrýpbi. 3necb HaxónHTca AKaneWn HayK CCCP, Mockobckhh rocynápCTBernibrii YHHBepeňxéi, rne ý^HTca 6onee 30 xbícjrq cxyneHxoB (Bcero b MocKBe 80 By30B), b cTonmie 6ojiee 60 My3eeB h ÓKono 30 xeáxpoB, cpenn hhx — Bojibuióň xeáxp Coio3a CCP, KOTopbrö H3BecxeH BceMy MHpy.
— A box Mecxo, Koxópoe Mbi cpíby y3HanH! 3xo KpacHan nnó-manb.
— IIpáBHnbHO.
— H Bííacy MaB3one'ň BnanJiMHpa HjiMmá JleHHHa! üocMOXpiixe, cKÓnbKo acenáromHx nocexiixb ero! A axo qxo?
— 3xo 3náHHe My3en B. H. JleHHHa Ha imóuianH PeBonwin-iH, a áro HcxopÄHecKHH My3éň, cnpaßa — xpaM BacHnHH EnaaceHHoro h naMHX-hhk MiÍHHHy h rioatápcKOMy, a nanbme KpyíméHinHH kom-nneKc rocxHHmibi „Pocchh" Ha 6 twchu MecT, TaM ecTb KOHnépTHbiň 3an.
— *ito bh nocoBé'xyeTe nocMOxpexb HaM b ôjmacáHiiiee btxímji? Eýnyx jth oprHH30BaHbi 3KCKypcHH no MocKBe?
— Koh6mho. Mbi noKaaceM BaM BbicxaBKy nocthacehhň HaponHoro xo3HHCTBa CCCP — BZmX, o6n3aTenbHo TpeTbaKÓBCKyio ranepeio, Mockobckhh nnaHeTapno, My3eň H3o6pa3HTenbHbix HCKyccxB hmchh A. C. nýuiKHHa, TeneBH3HÓHHMH nemp b Oct£hkhho, rne bw yBiínH-re TeneBH3HOHHyio Ôauraio BbicoxÓH 533 Mé^Tpa, nenbrä nonßeMHbiH ro-
267
poň C pa3H006pa3HWMH KpaCHBbIMH CTaHIlHHMH-nBOpUaMH — MCTpO,
MHÓroe npyrÓe.
— OqeHb HHrepecHO. ľlo KaKÓft ýjiHne mm énCM?
— IIo ýjiHne rópbKoro. Cnpaßa náMHTHHK nýiiiKHHy h KHHOTeáTp „Pocchh".
— Mm ôyneM npoe35Kárb KajiHHHHCKHÖ npocn^KT h 3naHHe C3B?
— HeT, sto He no nym. 3aßTpa y Hac 6ýneT 3KCKypcHH no Mock-sé, h Torná bm yBHflHTe iHHpÓKHe mockobckhc npocne'KTbi-HOBOCTpOH-
KH:    JléHHHCKHH,   KOMCOMOJIbCKHH,   BOJirOrpáflCKHH,   KaJIHHHH CKHH
h flpyrňe.
— KaKán luh pók an ýViHua!
— Mm nepeceicáeM Canoßoe KOJibuó. Gießa KoHué*pTHMH 3an HMe-HH ^aincÓBCKoro, a pónoM náMHTHHK coßeTCKOMy noiiy MaHKÓB-
CKOMy,
— CKaacHTe, a rne HaxónHTcn MOriuia HeH3BécTHoro connaTa?
Mbl 6 MC Hb XOTHM nOCeXHTb 3TO MeCTO.
— 3to b uémpe Mockbm, y KpeMJießCKOH CTem/i, co ctodohm AjieKcaHjj.poBCKoro cána.
— CnacHÖo. Cneßa, o^eBHUHo, BOK3án?
— Jla, sto BejiopýccKHň BOK3aji, pnnoM náMHTHHK TopbKOMy, h bot mm Bi>e3)KáeM Ha JleHHHTpáflCKHH npocneKT. Cko'do mli 6yneM no Ma.
— KáaceTCH, mm npHexajiH?
— fla, bot Bauia rocTHrouia. ycTpaHBaiiTecb, npHBOUHTe cč6h b no-pnnoK, oTUbixaHTe. BcrpeTHMCH b jJBa xjacá.
— Eojibiuóe cnacHOO. 3a nppóry mm ycnejiH MHÓroe y3HaTb o MockbČ.
— Bceró fló6poro!
— Jlo CBHfláHHH, ho CKOpOH BCTpe^H!
COAEP>KAHME
ripenHCJiOBHe.................................... 3
MeTOflHiecKHM KOMMeHiapiw.......................... 5
I. 06yieHHe 3ByKoynoTpe6neHHio..................... 9
IL OöyqeHHe ynapeHHio........................... 23
III. OoyieHHe hhtohsluhh.......................... 35
YpoK N° 1. TnacHue 3ByKH [a, o, y, u] non ynapeinieM........... 45
YpoK N° 2. PnTMHKa cnoBa. PenyKtma rnacHbix [a, o]. Be3yflapHMH
rnacHMH [u]................................. 4g
YpoK N° 3. 3BOHKH6 h myxHe comacHue. OrayuieHHe h o3BomeHne
cornacHbix................................... 52
ypOK N° 4. MflTKHe h TBěpntie cornacHbie (o6max xapaKrepHCTHKa) ... 57 YpoK N° 5. MnrKHe cornacHbie nepen, [e, h]. ApTHKynHUHH 3aKpbrroro
h OTKptrroro [e] (SyicBbi e n 3)...................... ^1
YpOK N° 6. PenyKUHH rnacHbix [a, e] nocne maikhx cornacHbix. Pyc-
CKoe ynapemte  (o6ma» xapaKTepHCTHKa). PyccKaa HHTOHauHx.
riepBcUI HHTOHaUHOHHaa KOHCTpyKUHH.................. 66
YpOK N° 7. CornacHbift jj] (apTHKynauHH, rpatpnqecKoe o6o3HaqeHHe). CornacHbiň nepen \j] • ynapeHHe b cymecTBHTenbHbix MyaccKoro pona. BTopaa HHTOHauHOHHaa KOHcrpyKUHH MK-2 h ee BapnaHT HK-2a..................................... 73
YpoK N° 8. CoraacHMH [ji] (TBepnbift), YnapeHHe b cymecTBHTenbHbix >KeHCKoro pona, TpeTbH HHTOHauHOHHaa KOHcrpyKUHÄ (HK-3) b BonpocHTejibHOM npennoxceHHH...................... 86
YpOK N° 9. ConiacHbiH [n'] (mätkiih). YnapeHHe b cymecTBHTenbHbix cpenHero pona. TpeTWi HHTOHauHoHHan KOHcrpyKuna b noBecTBO-BaTentHOM npennoHceHHH.......................... 96
YpOK N° 10. CornacHbie [>k, hi]. YnapeHHe B npHnaraTeniHbix. leTBtíp-
Tu« HHTOHaUHOHHaÄ KOHCTpyKUHÄ (HK-4)................ 106
YpoK N° 11. 3ßyK [01'] (6yKBa m). YnapeHHe b raaronax. YnoTpeGnemie
HK-3 h HK-4 b noBecTBOBaTenbHOM npennoiKeHHH........... 120
YpOKN0 12. 3ßyK [q']> YnapeHHe b raaronbHbix (popMax. YnoTpe6neHHe HK-3 h HK-4 b noBecTBOBaxenbHOM npennojKeHHH (nponpn->KeHHe)..................................... 138
YpoK N° 13. 3ßyK [u]. Be3ynapHbie h cnaSoynapaeivibie cnoBa. HmoHa-
mw npH nepeqHCJieHHH............................ 152
YpoKN° 14. CornacHbrft [p] (TBe'pnbtíi). IlpoH3HOuieHHe rpynn cornacHbix. AccHMHnaTHBHas MÄľKocTb cornacHbix. PenyKUHH rnacHbix [bi, h, y ]. YnapeHHe b cnoHOtbix cnoBax h a66peBHaTypax. ILrraji
HHTOHaUHOHHan KOHCTpyKUHH (HK~5).................. 164
YpoK N° 15. CornacHbift [p'J (mhitchh) . HHTOHauHJi BonpocHTenbHoro npennoMceHHa. YnapeHHe b cyinecxBHTenmbix MyjKCKoro pona (noBTopeHHe)................................ . 175
269
ypoK n° 16. CornacHtie [r, x], CHHTarMaraqecKoe «meHeHHe h reMn pew. OtHTarMaTHMecKoe mieHeHHe h cmmch BbicKa3bmaHHH. Yna-peHHe b cymecTBHTentHbix jKeHCKoro pona (noBTopeHHe)....... 188
YpoK n° 17. npOH3HomeHHe rpynn cornacHtix (nponojiHceHHe). Henpo-H3H0CHMbie cornacHbie. OioBa c ynßochhmmh corjiacHtiMH. Coie-
TaHHS hh, HK, flJK. Co^eTaHHfl COHOpHblX C COITiaCHblMH B KOHUe
cnoB. HHTOHanHS npeflnojKeHHa c monaniHo*3KcnpeccuBhum 3Ha-leHHeM.....................................
YpoK ng 18. rnacHEift [o] nocne mhi-khx cornacHbix (6yKBa e). llep-saa HHTOHauHOKnaa KOHCTpyKUHa (noBTopeHHe). B-ropaa HHTOHa-UHOHHaa KOHcrpyKUHA (noBTopeHHe). y«apeHHe b cymecTBHTenb-Hbix cpeffHero pona (noBTopeHHe)..................... 217
YpoK n° 19. PenyKUHH rnacHbix nocne 3ByxoB [hc, hi, u, <í\ hi']. TpeTbH h qeTBSpTaa HHTOHauHOHHbie koHCTpykuhh (noBTopeHHe). Hhto-HauHa 4>Pa3 c MOflanfcHo-3KcnpeccHBHbiM 3HaMCHHeM (noBTopeHHe). yjjapeHHe b npHJiararenfeHbix h rjiaroiiax (tiob to peHHe)........ 227
YpoK 20. noBTopeHHe. IIpoH3HOiueHHe 3ByxoB. YflapeHHe b cjiOBax. Thhw HHTOHaitHH (hk-1, hk-2, hk-2a, hk-3, mk-4, UK-5, Mo/jan*-
HO-3KCnpecCHBHaÄ HHTOHaUHX)....................... 239
lOjiHfl TeoprnesHa Jleoe^eBa 3BYKH. yflAPEHME. HHTOHAUHfl
(yneôHoe nocoGne no (poHeTOKe pyccKoro A3UKa pjw HHocTpaHueß)
3aB. penaKUHeft B. H. MttxaneBCKan PenaKTop T. <t>. ManumeBa XynpJKecTBeHHMft penaKTop A. C IUHpoKOB TexHHMecKMft penaKTop V. H. AnocoBa KoppeKTOp H. B. EyjibirHHa
HE 4776