English for Biologists Lesson 9 – Molecular Biology n What is the plant species ? n Vocabulary – Plant Biochemistry n New vocabulary – Plant Molecular Biology n Grammar - jeden z nejdůležitějších časů n What you see is… doplňovačka n Conversation flowering_purple_plant_lg What is the plant species? Lesson 6 The species is an unicellular green alga, belonging to the phylum Chlorophyta. It is spherical in shape, about 2 to 10 mm in diameter, and is without flagella. The species contains the green photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll-a and -b in its chloroplast. Through photosynthesis it multiplies rapidly requiring only CO2, water, solar radiation, and a small amount of minerals to reproduce. In recent years, researchers have made less use of Chlorella as an experimental organism because it lacks a sexual cycle. The species can create green and opaque water problems in aquaria. The species was seen as a new and promising primary food source and as a possible solution to the then current world hunger crisis. It has fast photosynthetic production of biomass rich in protiens and lipids. Fucus ? Sargassum ? Trebouxia ? Chlorella ? Chlorella chlorella chlorella What is the name of the islands? The wonderful climate of the Islands is legendary. Therefore, Luxuriant Laurel forests harbouring rare endemic orchids are found there. Many plants and several species of birds are found nowhere else on the planet, including such oddities as the red sap yielding Dragon Trees, shrubs that are in fact Sow-thistles, and pretty foxglove-like Isoplexis with flower spikes several metres long! Towering high above seashore of one of the Islands huge volcano, rising from its vast caldera is dominating the whole island. Explorer and naturalist Alexander von Humbolt described the striking green-cloaked coastal valleys along the northern coast of the Islands as one of the loveliest spots on earth. map-canary-islands Image:Teide Tenerife.jpg Tower of Jewels (Echium wildpretii) Echium wildpretii Dragon Tree 120 Isoplexis volcano a 2000 years old Dragon tree What is the name of the Islands ? n Canary Islands n Tenerife, in particular Plant Biochemistry new vocabulary – translate and explain in English, put down unknown expressions n Polymerization n Chapperones n Peroxidase n Plant biochemistry n Porphyrins n pigment-protein complexes n promoter n n polymer n Programmed cell death n Sulphate assimilation n Secondary metabolites n Signal transduction n Biosynthesis n Antocyanin n Anaerobic sewage • přenos signálu • genetické inženýrství • ustupující, recesivní • transgenní organismy • druhotné metabolity • programová buněčná smrt • bílkovinno-barvivové komplexy • jehla a stříkačka • • Erlenmayerova baňka • biotechnologie • aminové kyseliny • mastné kyseliny • • • signal transduction • genetic engineering • recessive • transgenic organisms • secondary metabolites • programmed cell death • pigment-protein complexes • needle and syringe • • Erlenmayer flask • biotechnologies • amino acids • fatty acids • • Biochemie a molekulární biologie rostlin Vocabulary: Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Plant Molecular Biology This is a chromosome. How is the marked part called? telomere centromere chromatine chromatid chromosome * Plant Molecular Biology What you see is………… ATPase Transmembrane protein Supressed vacuole Polysacharide molecule transmembrane Plant Molecular Biology What you see is a technique abbreviated as: DISH FISH DENA XEANA image007 Plant Molecular Biology PCR is an abbreviation for the molecular biology technique: Probe crossing response Post clonal reactivation Primary chain resolvance Polymerase chain reaction image008 Plant Molecular Biology The below three dimensional model of protein structure is called: Secondary Globular Ribbon Linear Protein Plant Molecular Biology The below scheme relates to ………… Fatty acids Chromosome structure Crossing over Antibodies antibody2 Plant Biochemistry What do you think she is holding in her hands ? Laboratory tube Erlenmayer flask Round bottom flask Two-necked flask Source: http://dwdonenet.in.gov/images/family/19-1011.00.jpg 19-1011 flasks Laboratorní zkumavka Erlenmayerova baňka Kulatá baňka Baňka se 2 vstupy English for Plant Biologists Lesson 7 – Grammar Let us repeat gerunds. Gerundium po časových spojkách In the textbook Cvičebnice anglické gramatiky, p. 258 Translate from Czech to English (celou stránku cvičení – ústně) „zleva do prava“ Grammar I …………… Debbie many times. The last time I …………. her was at your birthday party. • sing • had met • have seen • quarreled • have met • have seen • saw • had seen Grammar I ………….. The Royal Botanical Garden many times since I settled in London in 2004. • visited • have never been to • have visited • had left Grammar Linda ……….. interested in biology of sea algae for as long as I remember. • had been • is being • was • has been Grammar We ……. just ……. to scare you. We didn’t mean to give you a heart attack. • were just trying • did just an attempt • refused just imagine • have just been Grammar How long ……………… papers on plant animal inteactions? • you were producing • have you been studying • you wrote • are you reading Grammar ……………. here many times, but not in the last five weeks. • I had been • I was • I have been • I were Grammar I feel so unappreciated. My school mates ……………. me for a help with essay on medical use of tropical. • have never tried • did not bring • have never asked • were not glorify flower_anatomy kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html 4 5 7 6 1 2 3 11 10 9 8 Květní lůžko tyčinka prašník nitka blizna čnělka semeník Korunní plátky Kališní lístky vajíčka pestík What is this? cotton_anther Source: microscopy.tll.org.sg/gallery.htm anther Pollen grains What is this ? n cam_lob Ovary, of course. http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/images/cam_lob.jpg