NATURAL POLYMERS MU SCI 4_1 2018
1
NATURAL POLYMERS
 POLYTERPENES
HOPEFUL HERB:
Taraxanum koksagyz
Dr. Ladislav Pospíšil
29716@mail.muni.cz
January 2018/4_1

Time schedule
January 2018/4_1
NATURAL POLYMERS MU SCI 4_1 2018
2
LECTURE
SUBJECT
1
Introduction to the subject – Structure & Terminology of nature polymers, literature
2
Derivatives of acids – natural resins, drying oils, shellac
3
Waxes
4
Plant (vegetable) gums, Polyterpene – natural rubber (extracting, processing and modification),
Taraxacum_kok-saghyz
5
Polyphenol  – lignin, humic acids
6
Polysaccharides I – starch
7
Polysaccharides II – celullosis
8
Protein fibres I
9
Protein fibres II
10
Casein, whey, protein of eggs
11
Identification of natural polymers
Laboratory methods of natural polymers’ evaluation

•POLYTERPENE -  are contained in approx.  2000 plants from various geographic regions
•Trees, Bush, Herbs
•The most important is the Tree: Hevea brasiliensis
•HOPEFUL HERB: Taraxanum koksagyz
•
•
January 2018/4_1
NATURAL POLYMERS MU SCI 4_1 2018
3
POLYTERPENE = POLYISOPRENE
Appearance in NATURE

11. 10. 2017
PŘÍRODNÍ POLYMERY PŘF MU  4 DODATEK I 2017
4
Rubber bush (Ficus elastica)
yields a milky white latex, a chemical compound separate from its sap and carried and stored in
different cells. This latex was formerly used to make rubber, but it should not be confused with
the Pará rubber tree, the main commercial source of latex for rubber making. Just as with Hevea
brasiliensis, the latex of Ficus elastica is an irritant to the eyes and skin and is toxic if taken
internally.
Gutta-percha (Palaquium gutta)
refers to trees of the genus Palaquium and the rigid natural latex produced from the sap of these
trees, particularly from Palaquium gutta.
Palaquium gutta trees are 5–30 m tall and up to 1 m in trunk diameter. The leaves are evergreen,
alternate or spirally arranged, simple, entire, 8–25 cm long, glossy green above, and often yellow
or glaucous below.

11. 10. 2017
PŘÍRODNÍ POLYMERY PŘF MU  4 DODATEK I 2017
5
Balatá (Manilkara bidentata)
Balatá is a large tree, growing to 30–45 m (98–148 ft) tall. The leaves are alternate, elliptical,
entire, and 10–20 cm (3.9–7.9 in) long. The flowers are white, and are produced at the beginning of
the rainy season. The fruit is a yellow berry, 3–5 cm (1.2–2.0 in) in diameter, which is edible; it
contains one (occasionally two) seed(s). Its latex is used industrially for products such as
chicle.
The latex is extracted in the same manner in which sap is extracted from the rubber tree. It is
then dried to form an inelastic rubber-like material. It is almost identical to gutta-percha
(produced from a closely related southeast Asian tree), and is sometimes called gutta-balatá.
.
Rubber root (Taraxacum_kok-saghyz )
is a perennial plant with a yellow composite flower. The Rubber latex is extracted from the Root of
this Herb.
It is NOT the Dandelion!

11. 10. 2017
PŘÍRODNÍ POLYMERY PŘF MU  4 DODATEK I 2017
6
708px-Taraxacum_kok-saghyz.png
Taraxacum kok-saghyz
! Benchmark is in Inches!

11. 10. 2017
PŘÍRODNÍ POLYMERY PŘF MU  4 DODATEK I 2017
7
img623.jpg
Taraxacum kok-saghyz
•It is no Dandelion, it is only looking like!
• Latex is in the Root (approx. 10 - 20 % w/w)
•Per-hectare yield is stated as 200 kg/ha (hectare)
• Experiments were conducted mainly in USSR and in USA
CONTINENTAL Company informs:
The Tire based on the Taraxacum kok-saghyz  we launch in five years!
100 % w/w of the Natural products in 2020 year
45 % w/w of the Natural products in 2013 year

11. 10. 2017
PŘÍRODNÍ POLYMERY PŘF MU  4 DODATEK I 2017
8
img555.jpg
Rubber bush
Made of the Taraxacum kok-saghyz
Natural Rubber