Globální prostorové datové
projekty- Přednáška 6
Prof. RNDr. Milan KONEČNÝ
1. GEO a GEOSS
1.1 Projekty GEOSS
2. Global Map – Globální mapování
3. Geospatial Data Infrastructure –
Geoprostorová datová infrastruktura
1. GEO, GEOSS
Milan KONECNY
Introduction: responding to global
challenges
Scientific understanding of the Earth
system and its
physical, chemical and biological
components continues to improve every
year. But more data is urgently needed for
monitoring trends and predicting how
physical
and ecological systems will evolve.
As humanity places ever greater demands
on the Earth’s resources over the coming
Recognizing the need for better
environmental information, political
leaders at the 2002 World Summit on
Sustainable Development in
Johannesburg called for urgent action on
Earth observation.
Earth observation summits in
Washington, Tokyo and Brussels and
declarations by three of the annual
Group of Eight (G8) summits built on this
momentum.
Acting on a clear international
The cross-cutting data, decision-support
products and end-to-end information
services
that are increasingly available through
GEOSS are improving the ability of
governments to promote “green”
economic growth, manage natural
ecosystems and resources, ensure food
security for a global population that may
reach nine billion people by mid-century,
respond more effectively to disasters,
and address climate change, biodiversity
GEOSS
10-Year Implementation Plan
Agriculture.
Over the past three years, the Global
Agriculture Monitoring Community of
Practice has attempt to establish a
Global Agricultural Monitoring System
of Systems.
The GEO Joint Experiment on Crop
Assessment and Monitoring (JECAM)
has established seven pilot sites around
the world to assess common data
standards, cropland modeling methods,
and future Earth observation
requirements.
The Societal Applications in Fisheries
& Aquaculture using Remotely Sensed
Imagery (SAFARI) project has
identified and promoted urgent
actions to strengthen the application
of satellite information to fisheries
and aquaculture research and
management.
Biodiversity.
Established in 2007, the GEO Biodiversity
Observation Network (GEO BON)
consists of dozens of government
agencies and intergovernmental and
international organizations.
Based on a regularly updated
implementation plan, GEO BON
coordinates the gathering of data and the
delivery of information. One of
the first products was the Continuous
Plankton Recorder Survey.
Other information Products based
on GeoBon:
visualization tool for African
protected areas and a number of
directories of global datasets on
freshwater biodiversity and
ecosystems.
GEO BON’s role and importance
have been recognized by the
Convention on Biological Diversity,
which has also requested that it
Climate.
The GEO Global Carbon Observation and
Analysis System is now bringing together
systems and experts that monitor
carbon flows on land, in the oceans and
in the atmosphere.
Particular progress has been made on
establishing a Forest Carbon Tracking
system, which has established at least 10
national or regional “demonstrators”
with support from a coalition of
governments and institutions.
Other important progress includes
continued outputs by major data-reanalysis
projects based in Europe, Japan and the
USA; reinvigoration of efforts to reprocess
various data, especially from space, into
climate data records;
The 2010 update of the Global Climate
Observation System (GCOS)
Implementation Plan; the World Climate
Research Programme’s (WCRP) launch of
two major modeling experiments (CMIP5
and CORDEX) to provide decade- and
century-long climate predictions on global
and regional scales; outputs from an
intensive research programme to improve
Disasters.
A number of operational systems for
supporting disaster response have made
steady to strong progress. Collaborative
‘’Supersites’’ have been established so
that the scientific community can
monitor and analyze volcanoes and
earthquakes more rapidly and
effectively; for example, Supersites have
improved
assessments of recent earthquakes in
Haiti, China and Chile. SERVIR provides
mapping and for disaster response and
SERVIR is now in the process of
expanding its support to
other regions, notably Africa and the
Himalayas.
Other advances include the development
and contribution to GEOSS of global,
regional and national early-warning and
detection systems for forest fires;
improved access for GEO Members to the
International Charter on Space and Major
Disasters and the satellite data it provides
for countries of South East Asia and Latin
Showcase: Better knowledge about
geohazards
The Geohazard Supersites initiative is a
global scientific collaboration that aims to
improve scientific understanding of the
risks of earthquakes and volcanic events
in selected regions. The Supersites
currently being addressed are L’Aquila,
Chile, Etna, Haiti, Istanbul, Los Angeles,
Naples (Vesuvius), Seattle/Vancouver and
Tokyo.
The geohazard community is also working
on establishing an earthquake Supersite
The Supersites partnership consists of the
providers of ground-based geophysical
data, such as seismic and GPS data; space
agencies, which provide satellite radar and
other Earth observation data; along with
scientists and decision makers who use
and analyze these data.
The initiative provides a cyberinfrastructure
platform with a single web
entry point that allows fast, easy and
free-of-charge access to a complete
satellite and ground-based geophysical
data set derived from diverse sources and
geophysical disciplines.
Ecosystems
• Ecosystems. GEO has made
important progress on
developing a standardized,
robust and practical classification
and map of global ecosystems for
terrestrial, marine, and
freshwater environments.
• Ecosystem maps for South
America, the US and Sub-Saharan
Africa have been completed and
are available as a framework for
Other ecosystem mapping projects
continue to advance, such as
one on ecosystem vulnerability to
climate change, which includes the
vulnerability of sea basins
(notably the EnviroGRIDS project on
the Black Sea) and of mountain
regions.
Energy
• A number of data bases providing
information on solar resources
have been developed, including
the European Solar Radiation
Atlas, SoDa and Envisolar; efforts
are ongoing to make these data
bases fully comparable.
A service for siting solar power
plants has been established to
provide data on time-averaged
The EnerGEO project is using satellite
data and environment and energy
models to make a global assessment
Of the current and future impact of
the exploitation of energy resources
on the environment and on
ecosystems.
Other energy initiatives, such as those
for wind power and carbon-captureand-storage,
have been launched.
Health
• Working through local, regional,
and international partners, the
GEO community is developing a
portfolio of services to help
decision-makers use Earth
observation data and information to
prevent diseases and improve
public health.
Some of these services involve
supporting a meningitis vaccination
monitoring global atmospheric mercury
to establish a forecasting and alert
system on health problems
Related to mercury;
providing air-quality forecasts using onthe-ground
monitoring stations,
currently for 300 US cities,
Shanghai (China), and soon for other
cities; and using open-source software
and space imagery to track
potential outbreaks of epidemics.
Water
• GEO has advanced the integration
of observations from satellites
and in-situ instruments,
strengthened collaboration within
and between the water research
and management communities,
and promoted capacity building.
• The Asian Water Cycle Initiative
has boosted regional cooperation
on water monitoring, and the
model is now being extended to
The North American Drought Monitor
has generated improved regional
drought assessments. The United
States and Canada have inaugurated
pilot drought monitoring test bed
projects as a first step towards a Global
Drought Early Warning System.
The TIGER program is realizing
improvements in the use of Earth
observation data for water-resources
management in Africa. The
Coordinated Energy and water cycle
Observations Project has improved
Weather
Weather monitoring and
forecasting, which is traditionally
the most mature sector for
operational
information based on Earth
observations, continues to make
important advances under the
leadership of WMO.
Collaboration through GEO has
Based on ensembles containing more
than 100 model outputs, TIGGE aims to
make predictions available to decision
makers in user-friendly formats with
minimum time delay.
The next step is to develop a common
toolbox that can be used to develop
probabilistic tropical-cyclone warning
services, extreme-precipitation
forecasts and other products.
Critical next steps for seeing GEOSS
through to the end of the GEOSS
10-Year Implementation Plan
for2005 – 2015 and beyond are:
• Continue to engage policymakers and managers
in using and guiding GEOSS. The true value of
GEOSS :
• is its ability to support decision-making. As a key
user group, senior policymakers can help to
• ensure that GEOSS addresses the UN’s
Millennium Development Goals and other
priority issues facing
• the global community.
• Ensure that environmental experts come to consider
GEOSS and its Common Infrastructure
• as a unique and essential tool for accessing Earth
observations. Strong, high-level support from
• governments and leading organizations is vital for
maintaining the momentum generated by GEO and
• ensuring that GEOSS becomes recognized as a vital
infrastructure that serves the global public good.
• Building the capacity of users to exploit GEOSS is also
essential.
• Develop a longer term strategy for
sustaining GEOSS by attracting
resources from public and
• private sources, supporting
capacity-building, strengthening
national Earth observation
programs,
• maintaining the GEOSS shared
architectural and information
infrastructure components, and
nurturing
• the collective spirit.
• Establish a governance structure for the post-
2015 period. Early guidance in Beijing will
help to
• ensure a smooth transition to a longer-term
approach to global cooperation on Earth
observation.
Operational View
How users access GEOSS data and
information via the GEO Portal
• The “GEOSS Common Infrastructure” consists of a
dedicated web portal, a clearinghouse for
• searching data, information and services, and a
registry containing information about GEOSS. It
• provides a “one-stop shopping” portal to help the
users of Earth observations access and search
• for information more easily. After almost two years of
development, in July of this year the GEO
• community formalized the arrangements by which
leading institutions will operate and sustain
• the GEO Portal and its underlying clearinghouse and
registry.
Making the System of Systems interoperable
• The observing, modelling and other systems
that contribute to GEOSS must be
interoperable so that the data and
information they generate can be used
effectively. The Committee on Earth
Observation Satellites is promoting
interoperability through the Virtual
Constellations concept.
• Another initiative seeks to integrate via the
Sensor Web approach, while yet another
aims to facilitate model interoperability and
access via the Model Web concept. The
World Meteorological Organization
Advocating for sustained global observing
systems
• To achieve its goal of providing
integrated information on the entire
Earth system, GEOSS depends
• on the health and vitality of major
global observing systems. For this
reason, GEO actively advocates
• for sustaining major observing systems
for climate, oceans, land, weather and
polar regions.
Four major UN-sponsored global
observing systems provide a critical
underpinning for GEOSS. They are the:
Global Climate Observing System
(GCOS), the Global Ocean Observing
System (GOOS), the Global Terrestrial
Observing System (GTOS) and the WMO
Global Observing System (GOS). Their
work is complemented by the
International Polar Year 2007-2008
(IPY) legacy project, with a focus on the
cryosphere,
and the Global Geodetic Observing
System (GGOS).
Strengthening the linkages amongst
these systems and raising their overall
visibility will support the efforts of
researchers and decision makers in all
nine of the GEOSS societal benefit areas.
Establishing the GEONETCast Global Data
Dissemination System
• Reliable access to environmental data is critical for
decision making. GEONETCast assures this
• access by broadcasting data from dozens of leading
data providers to decision makers around the
• world. The data are transmitted via advanced
communications satellites to thousands of low-cost,
• off-the-shelf receivers. GEONETCast also provides
dedicated training and alert channels for capacity
• building and risk reduction, particularly in developing
countries.
Protecting radio frequencies for Earth
observations
• Growing demand on radio spectrum by
telecommunications, the automotive industry and
other
• users of radio frequencies has raised the specter of
competition over limited bandwidth. GEO
• members are therefore continuously working through
national and international bodies in charge
• of frequency management to ensure the long-term
availability of frequencies for terrestrial, oceanic,
• air-borne and space-based observations. This is
absolutely vital to the success of GEOSS.
Implementing the GEOSS Data Sharing
Principles
Recognizing the importance that full and open
access to data has for the success of GEOSS, the
GEOSS 10-year Implementation Plan
established a visionary set of Data Sharing
Principles.
These Principles aim to ensure that the data
and information developed and disseminated
through GEOSS yield significant benefits for a
broad range of users around the world.
Over the past five years,
substantial progress has been made,
not only in reaching a consensus on
how best to implement
the Data Sharing Principles, but also in
demonstrating how full and open data
sharing can help
the GEO community to achieve its goals
in the nine societal benefit areas.
From observations to information products and
services
Observation data provide great value, but combining
data from different sources and then analyzing and
modelling them can greatly enhance their usefulness for
decision making.
GEO has made significant progress in bringing together
many diverse datasets and engaging scientific and
technical experts to generate this added value.
Continuing progress will require more and more
agencies and organizations to work together to adopt
common standards for integrating and
analyzing all types of data.
Promoting “data democracy” around the world
The term ‘data democracy’ was coined in 2008 by the South
African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
as the title of a special project during its year as Chair of the
Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS).
It has since become a mantra among research and
development communities in the Earth observation domain.
In 2009, Data Democracy was approved as a new GEO Task
in the framework of GEO’s work on capacity building,
infrastructure development and technology transfer.
The data democracy theme calls for:
• Unhindered access to Earth observation
information;
• Reliance on Open Source Software and
open systems;
• Recognition of the realities of
bandwidth limitations in many developing
countries; and
• Promotion of locally initiated crossborder
collaborative projects and
intensive capacity building and training
programs.
1.1 PROJEKTY GEOSS
Building a Global Earth Observation
System of Systems (GEOSS)
5th Jubilee International Conference
on Cartography & GIS
Barbara J. Ryan
Director, GEO Secretariat
16 June 2014
Varna, Bulgaria
A Global, Coordinated, Comprehensive and
Sustained System of Observing Systems
GEOSS
• Improve and Coordinate Observation Systems
• Advance Broad Open Data Policies/Practices
• Foster Increased Use of EO Data and Information
• Build Capacity
GEO Objectives
Created in 2005, to develop a
coordinated and sustained Global Earth
Observation System of Systems
(GEOSS) to enhance decision making in
nine Societal Benefit Areas (SBAs)
GEO today:
91 Members
77
Participating
Organizations
© GEO Secretariat
77 Participating Organizations
A broad Commercial Sector spans the entire information value chain
Data
providers
Value-Added
providers
Downstrea
m
users
Ecosystem Classification &
Mapping
(Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, China,
EC,
Italy, Paraguay, USA, RCMRD, UNESCO)
* SHARE mountain
stations
operational
* All ecosystem
mapping
data available;
DataCORE
* New maps of growing
season
* Atlas of 40 Chinese
World Heritage Sites
* Decision-making
support:
© GEO Secretariat
Advanced Land-Cover Products
(Canada, China, EC, Greece, Japan,
Netherlands, Nigeria, Spain, Sweden, UK, USA,
Spain, EEA, ESA, GTOS, ISPRS)
* Global 30m products
* Major land cover types
(eg. wetland)
* Independent validation
databases
* Global Land Cover
Portal
* Growing int’l
consensus
Global Forest Information
System
(Australia, Canada, Japan, Norway, USA,
CEOS, FAO)
* Forest Carbon
Tracking ongoing
* Demo in 12
countries (Congo)
* Coordinated
space
data acquisition
* In-situ validation
* Regional capacity
building growing
(US Silvacarbon)
Mexico
In-situ forest measurements
Columbia
Global & Local Urban Footprints
(China, EC, Germany, Greece, Italy,
Pakistan, USA)
* 35-yr evolution of
26 mega-cities
* Global night-time
lights for 2012
* Urban Heat Island
patterns
* Over 3’700 cities
mapped using
ASTER (15m)
Manila
Monthly Wheat Prices
1960-2011
Nominal wheat price in US $/Metric Ton
2008 Price
hikes
Droughts:
Australia &
Ukraine
2010/11 Price
hikes
Drought:
Russia
Landsat 1
Launched
(1972)
1971/2’s
price hike
Today
3x
Source: World Bank
Crop Information for Decision-
Making
(Canada, China, EC, France, Japan,
Kazakhstan, India, Mexico, Russia, USA,
CEOS, FAO)
* GEOGLAM part
of G20 Action
Plan on Food
Price Volatility
* New crop
outlook
* Rice crop
monitoring
* Draft space
strategy
GEOSS Common Infrastructure
GEOSS Resources
-
10,000,000
20,000,000
30,000,000
40,000,000
50,000,000
60,000,000
70,000,000
Resources
Resources 300 100,000 1,002,000 14,000,000 65,000,000
2010 2011 (Sep) 2011 (Nov) 2012 (Nov) 2014 (Apr)
Introduction
of the
Brokering
approach
GEOSS Current Assets (May 2014)
Space
Time
GEOS
S
GEOSS
Hypercube
Space
Time
Precipitation in
Greece
(1946-2013)
GEOSS Targeted Gaps
Large spatial and temporal gaps in specific data sets
Space
Time
West Africa drought
observations
(1995–2013)
East Africa
drought
observations
(2010 – 2012)
GEOSS Targeted Gaps
Uncertainty over continuity of observations
Large spatial and temporal gaps in specific data sets
Space
Time
West Africa crop prediction
(2014-2015)
West Africa Land Use
(1990-2005)
GEOSS Targeted Gaps
Large spatial and temporal gaps in specific data sets
Space
Time
Precipitation in
Africa
(1992-2012)
GEOSS Targeted Gaps
Large spatial and temporal gaps in specific data sets
Global
water
bodies
(1998-
2005)
Space
TimePrecipitatio
n in Africa (
GEOSS should be making this cube as dense
and transparent as possible GCI
GCI
Searches
Crops
obs.
Asia
(2005
-
2010)
Global
Climate
predictions
(2012-2032)
Faults monitoring in
South America
(1980-2014)
Ecosystems
mapping in Europe
(1987-2010)
Major disasters in
South Asia (1992-
2005)
West
Africa
Land
Use
(SB)
(1990
-
2005)
GEOSS Implementation
Requires:
Data Sharing Principles
• Full and Open Exchange of Data
• Data and Products at Minimum
Time Delay and at Minimum Cost
• Free of Charge or Cost of
Reproduction
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Free data
policy
October 1,
2008
ScenesinMillions
Increasing Demand for Free Landsat
Data 11,898,738
Landsat
Scenes
distributed as
of June 2013
• Data delivered to 186 countries
• User shift to multi-year scenes at same
location
• Exceeded 11 million scenes to date
Daily Average = 53 scenes best year of sales (2001)
Daily Average ≅ 5,700 scenes web-enabled data delivered
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
RADARSAT Images Acquired by the
Government of Canada
R1 +R1
E
S
T
I
M
A
T
E
D
Radarsat-
2
Canada’s Experience
• Continue improving Earth observations
worldwide
• Urge the adoption and implementation of
data sharing principles globally
• Advance the GEOSS information system
• Develop a comprehensive interdisciplinary
knowledge base
• Cultivate global initiatives
Ministerial Guidance
• Broad open data policies/practices essential for
publically funded collections & must be
strengthened
• Economic value in downstream elements –
value-added products and services
• Broader stakeholder engagement needed,
including the private sector
• Strengthen policy linkages/mandates
• National, Regional and International
collaboration is essential
Summary
Open worldwide to any non-commercial entity, individual or team
(students, scientists and developers) wanting to unleash the power
of Earth Observation data
to allow us all to make smarter decisions.
Be inspired, unleash the power and win cash prizes ($20,000 USD).
Register by Thursday, 31 July 2014 and submit Apps by Sunday,
August 31 2014.
Join in www.geoappathon.org
@geosec2025 #geoappathon
GEO-XI Plenary
13-14 November 2014
Libreville, Gabon
Barbara J. Ryan
bryan@geosec.org
http://www.earthobservation
s.org
2. Projekt
GLOBAL MAPPING
GLOBÁLNÍ MAPOVÁNÍ
2. Twenty Year Journey in
GlobalMapping
ISCGM Secretariat made a presentation about the history of Global
Mapping Project and the proposal on the conclusion of ISCGM, at 23rd
ISCGM meeting in New York on August 2,2016.
Chapter 2 reprints this presentation material.
Reliance on Open Source
Software and open
systems
Twenty
Year
Journey
in Global
Mapping
T
o
r
u
N
a
g
a
y
a
m
a
I
S
C
G
M
S
e
c
r
Contents
1. Introduction of Global
Mapping Project
2. History of Global Mapping
Project
3. Outcome of Global
Mapping Project
4. Resolution and Global
Map Transfer Plan
1. Introduction of Global
Mapping Project
Global Mapping Project
•Develop reliable geospatial information
(Global Map)
•Provide a tool to solve global scale
problems
•Steered by ISCGM (International Steering Committee
for globalmapping)
•Participated by National Geospatial Info.
Authorities.
Global Map: Digital geospatial info. at a scale
of 1:1 million
National/Regional version: Vector (Boundary,
Transport, Drainage, Population centers),
Raster (Elevation, Land use, Land cover,
Vegetation)
Global version: Elevation, Land cover,
9
2. History of Global
Mapping Project
History of Global Mapping
Project
1992-1996: Establishment of ISCGM
1996-2000:
TowardGlobal
Map Data
Release 2000-
2007:
Promotion of
Data
Development
2008-2013: Development and
1992-1996: Establishment of
ISCGM
1992 Earth Summit “Agenda21”
Proposal of "Global
Mapping Concept"
1993
Internation
al Workshop “Resolution of
Izumo 1994 Conference”
Start of JICA group training
course “Environment
Seminar”
1995
Establishment of
ISCGM at the Second International
1996 Workshop on Global
Mapping
First meeting of ISCGM
Agenda21 – Earth Summit (1992)
Chapter 40: Information for Decision-Making
*Various types of data which indicate the
status and trends of global environment
need to be collected.
Earth Summit in June 1992: From Ministryof Environmentweb site
（https://www.env.go.jp/）
Global Mapping Concept （1992）
“In order to solve global
environmental problems, what
should surveying and mapping
community do? “
Global Mapping
Concept Develop
geospatial information
(Global Map) that covers the
entireglobe
at a scale of 1: 1 million
through international cooperation
The First International Workshop on Global
Mapping 1994 The Second International
Workshop on Global Mapping 1996
• Todevelop and update Global Map and widely release the
data
• Toprovide technical and economic assistance to promote
developing Global Map
• Torecommend establishment of International Steering
Committee for Global Mapping (ISCGM)
Second Workshop in February1996
First Meeting of ISCGM（1996）
NMOs should actively release their own
geographic data sets that are necessary and
effective for developing global scale data
equivalent to the scale of Global Map.
・Investigate
the
existence of
global scale
data
・Assist undeveloped areas
・Investigate data specifications
・Agenda 21 follow up
・Start strategy planning
1st Meeting of
ISCGM in February,
1996
1996-2000: TowardGlobal Map
data release
1996 Interregional Seminar on
Global Mapping for the
Implementation of
Multinational
Environmental
Agreements
1997 19th Special Session of UN
General Assembly (Rio + 5)
Invitation letter was sent from
UN to Member States
1998 Adoption of Global Map
Specifications
1999 Meeting of the Global Map
Development in Asia
Global Mapping initiative had been
introduced to many people through
various activities
・International Global Mapping seminars and forums
・Promotion campaigns at relevant
international academic meetings
and international conferences
・Coordination with international organizations
UN Special Session of the General
Assembly to Review and Appraise the
Implementation of Agenda 21 (Rio+5)
(1997)
”Programme for Further Implementation of Agenda
21”
Necessity of global mapping was mentioned.
UN Letter of
Invitation to
Join Global
Mapping
Project (1998)
plus
Various activities of
promoting the
Global Mapping
Project
resulted in
Rapid increase in GM Participation
12 countries (1998)→81 countries（2000）
Release of Global Map Version 1（2000）
• Global Map Forum
2000 Hiroshima,
Japan November
2000
Declaration of Release of GM Version 1
• Japan
• Laos
• Nepal
• SriLanka
• Thailand
Adoption of Hiroshima GM Declaration
Chairperson declaring first
GM release in Nov. 2000
2001-2007: Promotion of data
development
2001
2002
2005
2006
2007
Death of Prof. John E. Estes,
Chair of ISCGM Prof. D. R.
Fraser Taylor assumed chair
1st Global Mapping Seminar in Kenya
Johannesburg Summit (Rio+10)
Esri Grant programs started.
Intergraph Grant programs started.
1st Global Mapping Seminar in Senegal
Global Mapping Workshop “Use of geospatial
information for mitigating large scale
disasters and attaining sustainable
development”
Achieved releasing the data of 47
countries/regions
(about 50% of the land area)
World Summit on Sustainable
Development (Johannesburg
Summit, Rio+10) (2002)
•The Adopted “
Johannesburg
Implementation
Plan” mentions
“Promotion of
Initiative and
Partnership for
global mapping”
Johannesburg Summit in 2002
Web site of Ministry of Foreign
Affairs
（
http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/in
dex.html）
•A symposium “Global
Mapping Partnership –
Sustainable
Development and
Geographic
Information” organized
as a side event.
Global Mapping Seminars in Africa (2002-2008)
• Nairobi（Kenya）
2002/2003/2004
58 people
from 25
countries
participat
ed.
• Dakar（Senegal）
2005/2006/2008
28 people
from 11
countries
participat
ed.
A scene from the Third GM
Seminar in Dakar,2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
Global Mapping Forum 2008/Global Map
Tokyo Declaration
"Global Map Global Version"ver.1 was
released.
Global Map Specifications (ver.2) was
adopted.
2013
First release of Global Map ver. 2
(national / regional).
1st UNCE-GGIM
UN Conference on Sustainable
Development (Rio+20)
"Global Map Global Version"ver.2 was
released.
2008-2013: Development and Release
of version 2
Release of Global Map Global Version
(2008)
• Land Cover (GLCNMO) / Percent Tree Cover (PTC)
data
• WG4/ISCGM has mainly developed and 40
countries cooperated in verification.
PTC
Ver.1
GLCNMO Ver.1
Revision of Global Map
Specifications (2009)
• Innovation in geospatial information field
• Increase of Global Map data users and a
change in user base
•Revision work of Global Map
Specification was carried out from 2007
to 2009.
Major changes between Global Map
ver.1 and ver.2
Modificati
on of Data
Dictionary
VPF →
GML
(vector
data)
Correspon
dence of
metadata
with
Internatio
nal
Standards
A scene of
discussion at
a workshop
Establishment of UNCE-GGIM (2011)
•UNCE-GGIM was launched as a forum for
Member States and international
organizations to discuss promotion of
cooperation, improve interoperability, and
technical transfer on global geospatial
information.
•ISCGM also joined UNCE-GGIM
as it had carried
out the Global
Mapping Project
in collaboration
with NGIAs of the
world.
•ISCGM Advocated the GM4SD
conce
pt.
1st UNCE-GGIM,
October 2011
Rio+20, June
2012
Rio+20 side event “Global
Mapping Seminar”
UN Conference on Sustainable Development
(Rio+20)
• A conference to follow up the Earth Summit
after 20 years
274. We recognize the importance of space-technologybased
data... In this context, we note the relevance of
global mapping and…
From “the Future We Want” adopted at Rio+20
201
4
201
5
201
3
2013-2016: Facilitate the use of
geospatial information
201
6
Over the 30 countries released
Global Map data as
EuroGlobalMap became
OpenData.
Professor Paul Cheung assumed new Chair
Hazard Maps Web Portal site and Catalogue
Service were released.
The 3rd WCDRR
Symposium “Application of
Geospatial Technology in Urban
Disaster Management“
Global Land Cover NMO Version ver.3 was
released.
23rd Meeting of ISCGM / Data transfer
ceremony
Release of Hazard Maps Web Portal (2014)
HazardMap
Good Practice
The 3rd WCDRR (2015)
• A conference to make
disaster risk reduction
strategies of the world
• Adopted Sendai Framework
for Disaster Risk Reduction
2015-2030.
• Proposed the use of ISCGM
portal site as an index to
measure achievement of Sendai
Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030.
• Organized a disaster
risk reduction
symposium as a pre-
event.
3rd
WCDRR
Symposium on Applicationof
Geospatial Information
TechnologyIn UrbanDisaster
Management
3. Outcome of Global
Mapping Project
Outcome 1 : Provide a global forum
for discussion on geospatial
information
Prof. John E. Estes Prof. D. R. Fraser
Taylor Prof. Paul Cheung
Under the strong leadership of three chairs, a
total of 23 meetings were held to have provided
a forum to discuss issues on geospatial
information for collective contribution of NGIAs
As of August2,
2016
Outcome 2: Developing Global
Map data in cooperation with
NGIAs
Participation: 184 countries
and regions
（About 96% of global land
area）
Data release: 122 countries
andregions
（About 67% of global land
area）
Global version: Land cover
and Percent Tree Cover
collaborating with NGIAs of
respective countries.
Open data; ISCGM has
promoted open data policy
from the start of the project in
1990’s.
Project
participatingand
data releasing
countries
Project
participating
countries
Outcome 2: Developing Global
Map data in cooperation with
NGIAs
Pa
rti
cip
ati
on
an
d
Da
ta
rel
ea
se
53,329
users
registe
red
Outcome 3: Data
dissemination
275,412 Global Map data
downloaded
From Nov. 2000 to
Jul. 2016
・ 112 people from 60
countries joined Global
Map training in Japan
(1994-2012)
・Global Mapping Seminars
in Kenya and Senegal had
86 people from 36
countries
・ Supported the
development of Global
Map data by providing
three kinds of tools for
supporting Global Map
data development, and
manuals.
・ESRI/INTERGRAPH grant
programs
JICA Training Course
onGlobal Mapping in
1995
Outcome 4: Capacity
building
2
3
・Global Mapping project: facilitating develop and use of
geospatial information.
・Reference to geospatial information in post-Rio conference
documents.
・Calling for geospatial information in other processes such
as GGIM, WCDRR
ISCGM: advocator of geospatial information for
more than 20 years.
Outcome 5: Facilitate the
development and use of geospatial
information
Outcome 6: Supporting
international activities in
various fields
・Developping Hazard Maps web portal as a voluntary
commitment of WCDRR3
・Application to calculating emission and removal of green
house gases
・Provisionof disaster status maps to UNOCHA (ReliefWeb) at
the time of disasters
・Material for children’s international exchange education
・Application to Global Flood Alert System（GFAS）,etc….
Summary of the outcomes
・ Twenty-four years have passed since the Earth
Summit, which triggered starting the Global
Mapping Project, and Twenty years have passed
since the establishment of ISCGM.
・ 122 countries and regions, covering
67% of whole land areas released
Global Map data as well as Global
version data.
・ISCGM contributed to building capacity of digital
mapping technology of NGIAs, particularly in
developing world.
・ ISCGM and all the participating members
contributed to the world through promoting
geospatial information including Global Map data.
4. Resolution and Global Map
Transfer Plan
Scheme for Implementation of Global Map
Data Transfer
The resolution of the 23rd meeting of the ISCGM
It refers to conducting the Global Map transferPlan.
The Global Map transfer Plan (by ISCGM)
It refers to the agreement for detailed term of use.
The agreement between ISCGM and UNGIS
・Basically no restriction within UN operations.
・No attributes in products derived from or using Global Map data.
・Global Map data cannot be released outside the physical control of UN
personnel.
・The UNGIS can enrich its databases with Global Map data or merge
Global Map data with its own databases.
Resolution of the 23rd Meeting of
the ISCGM1.Under the understanding that the Global Mapping project is going
to conclude in the endof March 2017, ISCGM agrees not to gather
anymore after the 23rdmeeting.
2. ISCGM acknowledges the Global Map transfer Plan and instructs the
secretariat to conductit.
3.ISCGM instructs the secretariat to register the contents of the
Urban Hazard Maps Web Portal to the Knowledge Base of UNCE-
GGIM.
ISCGM Secretariat will keep its minimum function until Mar. 2017
for carrying out the Global Map transfer Plan, not continuing the
following.
a) Update of the Internet site except the matters related to the report
of the 23rdmeeting.
b) Administrating works related to the participation to the project,
developing and updating Global Map data, and soon.
Urban Hazard Maps Web Portal will be closed after completion of
registering to Knowledge Base.
Global Map
Transfer Plan1. The secretariat of ISCGM sends the Global Map data to UNGIS on
behalf of the organization.
2.Global Map data can be used within the United Nations System
without any restriction including mandatory attribution. The detailed
terms of use are described in the agreement titled “Dissemination and
handling in the use of the Global Map data provided from the
International Steering Committee for Global Mapping (ISCGM) to the
United Nations Geospatial Information Section (UNGIS) in support of
the United Nationsoperations.”
3.In order to ensure availability of Global Map data on the Web, the
secretariat will work to provide the availability of the data if they are
not yet released from the participating organization. In this case, any
user authentication or access logging are notprovided.
This plan is ’opt-in’: this plan is applied according to the agreement by
respectiveparticipating organizations. Otherwise the Global Map
data of the organization stays itsown.
ISCGM Secretariat will carry out the actual transfer of Global Map data
no later than Mar.2016.
Agreement between ISCGM
and UNGIS1.The International Steering Committee for Global Mapping (ISCGM),
representing all its participating members, provides a copy of its Global
Map data to the United Nations Geospatial Information Section
(UNGIS), free of charge, and authorises perpetually its use in support of
the United Nations operations without any restriction except the ones
enumeratedbelow.
2.The Chief of the Geospatial Information Section, Department of Field
Support, UnitedNations (UNGIS) will act as the central repository and
dissemination point for all Global Map data for its use in support of the
United Nations operations and will assure that users are fully aware of
the dissemination, handling and use condition of the Global Mapdata.
3.Global Map data shall only be used for the official purpose of
supporting UnitedNations operations. Any other use beyond the
scope of this official purpose is notauthorized.
4.Global Map data cannot be released outside the physical control of
United Nations personnel directly involved in supporting United
Nationsoperations.
Agreement between ISCGM
and UNGIS5.Global Map data shall not be displayed, stored or distributed on
publicly accessible networks or systems, nor be posted to or
transmitted over the internetsystem.
6.Cartographic products using Global Map data can be
disseminated by the United Nations with no restriction as is useful
to support its operations at the sole opinion of the United Nations.
7.The UNGIS can enrich its databases with Global Map data or merge
Global Map data with its own databases and use the result with no
restriction as is useful to support its operations at the sole opinion of
the United Nations.
All products derived from or using the Global Map data are exempt
from the need toprovide attribution to the Global MappingProject.
ISCGM Secretariat keeps its Internet site until the necessary
measures are taken for the accessibility and availability to
Global Map dataonward.
Please contact to sec@iscgm.org if you have question about the
transfer of Global Map data.
Thank you for your
attention
3. GLOBAL SPATIAL DATA
INFRASTRUCTURES
GLOBÁLNÍ PROSTOROVÉ DATOVÉ
INFRASTRUKTURTY
GSDI základy a produkty
Milan Konečný
http://gsdiassociation.org/
"The Global Spatial Data Infrastructure
Association - Advancing a Location
Enabled World”
The GSDI Association is an inclusive
organization of academic and research
institutions, government agencies, commercial
firms, NGOs and individuals from around the
world.
The purpose of the organization is to promote
international cooperation and collaboration in
support of local, national and international
Spatial Data Infrastructure research,
education, capacity building and
implementation challenges, issues and good
practice from around the globe that will allow
Our Vision is a world where everyone
can readily discover, access and apply
geographic information to improve
their daily lives.
Our Purpose is to encourage
international cooperation that
stimulates the implementation and
development of national, regional
and local spatial data infrastructures.
Our Mission is to advance geoinformation
best practices,
knowledge sharing and capacity
For students:
GSDI SDI Small Grants Program Award
Winners Announced
Each of the award winners will receive
cash support for their proposed
projects of US$ 2,500.
Please contact: smallgrants@gsdi.org
SDI Cookbooks and Guides
English
Spatial Data Infrastructure Cookbook
2012 Update (PDF)
Spatial Data Infrastructure Cookbook
2009 (PDF)
Spatial Data Infrastructure Cookbook (Wiki
- in progress)
Spatial Data Infrastructure Cookbook
v2.0 (PDF) January 2004
Spatial Data Infrastructure Cookbook
v1.0 (HTML Version) July 2000
From The SDI Cookbook
Welcome to the SDI Cookbook
The following contains the text of the
book, broken down by chapter.
Each chapter is then broken into
subsections.
Chapter 1: The Cookbook Approach
Chapter 2: Geospatial Data
Development: Building data for
multiple uses
Chapter 3: Metadata: Describing
geospatial data
Chapter 4: Geospatial Data Catalogue:
Making data discoverable
Chapter 5: Geospatial Data
Visualization: Online Mapping
Chapter 6: Geospatial Data Access and
Delivery: Open access to data
Chapter 7: Other Services
Chapter 8: Legal Issues and Economic
Policy
Chapter 9: Outreach and Capacity
Building: Creating a community
Chapter 10: Standards Suites for Spatial
Data Infrastructure
Chapter 11: Case Studies
Chapter 12: Terminology
Annex A. Abbreviations and
Terminology used in the GSDI
Cookbook
Retrieved from
"http://www.gsdidocs.org/GSDIWiki/in
1 Chapter One: The Cookbook Approach
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Scope of This Cookbook
1.3 Spatial Data Infrastructures
1.4 The Global Spatial Data
Infrastructure
1.5 Distribution
1.6 Contributors
1.7 Organisation
1.8 Cookbook Overview
1.8.1 Chapter 2: Geospatial Data
Development: Building data for multiple
uses
1.8.2 Chapter 3: Metadata: Describing
1.8.3 Chapter 4: Geospatial Data
Catalogue: Making data discoverable
1.8.4 Chapter 5: Geospatial Data
Visualization: Online Mapping
1.8.5 Chapter 6: Geospatial Access and
Delivery: Open access to data
1.8.6 Chapter 7: Other Services
1.8.7 Chapter 8: Legal Issues and
Economic Policy
1.8.8 Chapter 9: Outreach and Capacity
Building: Creating a community
1.8.9 Chapter 10: Case Studies
1.8.10 Chapter 11: Terminology
1 Chapter Two: Geospatial Data
Development: Building data for multiple
uses
1.1 Context and Rationale
1.1.1 Achieving Benefits
1.2 Organisational Approach
1.2.1 Framework Leverages the
Development of Needed Data
1.2.2 Who are the actors in framework
data development?
1.3 Implementation Approach
1.3.1 Common Identities of Real World
Objects
1.3.2 Candidate National Framework
Categories
DĚKUJI ZA POZORNOST !!!!