a<-c(1,1,1) A<-a A<-matrix(a,3,1) b<-c(-0.01,-0.015,-0.003,-0.003,-0.01,-0.015,-0.015,-0.003,-0.01) B<-matrix(b,3,3,byrow=TRUE) B*B B%*%B n<-c(1,2,3,4) diag(n)