Routine data
MD. Consuelo Quispe-Haro


Regularly collected data on health indicators used to track health trends and inform public health
interventions.
•Vital statistics
•Administrative data systems
•Compulsory notifiable diseases
•Specific disease registries (population based, or hospital based) e.g. Cancer registration,
Congenital malformations
•Continuous or repeated surveys of representative samples of the population

•Routine statistical data (ČSÚ)
•Administrative data series - census, etc.
•Specific disease registries (ÚZIS) – available in aggregated form
•Repeated population health survey on a representative sample of the population
https://csu.gov.cz/pohyb-obyvatelstva-metodika




Certificate of examination of the deceased
•Age
•Gender
•Marital status
•Education
•Citizenship and country of birth
•Place of death (in hospital, at home, etc.)
•The underlying cause of death (WHO defined as (a) the disease or injury that initiated the chain
of medical conditions directly leading to death, or (b) the circumstances of the accident or
violence which caused the fatal injury).
•Causes of death are coded according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases
and Associated Health Problems (ICD - latest version ICD-11)













OUTCOMES
•All-cause mortality
•Deaths by cause
•Years of life lost (YLLs)
•Years lived with disability (YLDs)
•Disability adjusted life years (DALYs)
PREDICTORS
•291 causes of diseases and injuries
•67 risk factors

BLOG - The value of administrative data: DALYs and the Scottish Burden of Disease study | SCADR



Go to:
https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/


•What causes contribute more to DALYs globally up to 2021: Chronic diseases, infectious and
neonatal diseases, or injuries?
•What causes contribute more to YLDs globally up to 2021: Chronic diseases, infectious and neonatal
diseases, or injuries?
•In which sex COVID19 caused more deaths?
•What was the main cause of death in Czechia in 2021?
•Compared with high socio-demographic index (SDI) countries, what was the difference in death rate
in Czechia in 2021
•What are the categories of risk factors in GBD webpage?
•High systolic blood pressure is a risk factor for multiple diseases. Identify all the diseases
that can benefit of blood pressure control and write the respective attributable risk percentage.




Advantages
•Data already collected
•Large number of observations
•Objective observations
Disadvantages
•Quality of sources may differ
•Sometimes only aggregated data is available (only suitable for ecological studies)
•Limited information: No information on socioeconomic status or other useful variables

Mortality
Incidence and prevalence
Others: admission rate, outpatients visits, immunization coverage
Vital statistics registers
Disease specific register
Healthcare utilization registers

Quality: Accuracy, completeness, timeliness
Issues: underreporting, data duplication, incomplete records:
Validation and quality control: cross-referencing sources, regular audits

Disease surveillance for outbreaks detection
Health program evaluation
Trends analysis and policy making

•Often designed to be nationally representative
•Often repeated to allow comparisons over time
•Often open access data
•Much more information than routine data
•Often limited by low response rates (so not strictly nationally representative)

•The Health Survey for England (HSE)
•Scottish Health Surveys (SHeS)
•European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) - Eurostat
•European Health Examination Survey (EHES) – planned
•US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
•Study of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
•English Longitudinal study of Ageing (ELSA)

•Provide annual data from nationally representative samples to monitor trends in the nation’s
health
•Estimate the proportion of people in England who have specified health conditions
•Estimate the prevalence of certain risk factors associated with these conditions
•Examine differences between subgroups of the population (for example by age, sex or income) in
their likelihood of having specified conditions or risk factors
•Assess the frequency with which particular combinations of risk factors are found, and in which
groups these combinations most commonly occur
•Monitor progress towards selected health targets
•Since 1995: measure the height of children at different ages, replacing the National Study of
Health and Growth
•Since 1995: monitor the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children

•Various types of routine data can be linked
•Register with register(s)
•Survey with register(s)
•Survey with survey(s)
•Only possible if
•Individuals have personal ID (for individual linkage)
•Individual have known location (for geographical linkage)
•Ethical approval is available (may require informed consent)

Person with idea outline
Comparison group
General population – people not hospitalized for mental health disorders
Data sources
Registry of inpatients discharges
Cause of death registry







Mortality in people with mental disorders in the Czech Republic: a nationwide, register-based
cohort study - ScienceDirect


Outcome
Maternal mortality
Predictors
Duration of CCT (years)
Coverage of CCT (%)
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12916-021-01994-7#Tab2

Data sources
•Mortality Information System for maternal and under-5 deaths, Primary Care Information System for
FHP coverage, Live Births Information System and Outpatient Information System for hospital
admissions
•The Ministry of Social Development databases were used to calculate BFP coverage
•Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) was used for socioeconomic variables. From
the 2000 and 2010 IBGE National Censuses (income per person, poverty rate, illiteracy, households
with piped water

BFP:Bolsa Familia Programme
CCT:Conditional cash transfer
FE:Fixed effects
FHP:Family Health Programme

BFP:Bolsa Familia Programme
CCT:Conditional cash transfer
FE:Fixed effects
FHP:Family Health Programme

Questions?



Year: year of survey
Country:
1: Czechia
2: Slovakia
•
ID: Identification Number
Female:
0: Male
1: Female
Age_group:
1: 20-45 years
2: 46-70 years
3: >70 years
Employed:
1: Yes
0: No
Sick_3mon: Have you been sick in the last 3 months?
1: Yes
0: No
Heath_sta: How you rate your health in the last 3 months?
0: Poor
1: Good/Excellent
Status: Dead or alive in 2024
0: Alive
1: Dead
Cause: Cause of death
1: Heart attack
2: Cancer
3: Other
Year_dead: Year of Death