Course Information

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Taught in person.

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Ecology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, N-ZOL)

Course objectives

The central idea of the evolutionary ecology course is the interconnection of ecological and evolutionary-biological views, i.e. analyses of current and historical influences on the laws of changes in living nature. The aim of the course is to explain to students the associations between the organisms and their environment (abiotic and biotic) and the processes generating these associations from an ecological point of view, and to analyze the causes of these associations from the evolutionary perspective.

Learning outcomes

At the end of this course the student will be able: to interpret the relationships and laws observed in the living environment and to explain the mechanisms and causes of their origin. Specifically, the student will be able to define selection and adaptation, to describe the genetic basis of evolutionary changes, to interpret knowledge about the environment of organisms and interspecific interactions from the viewpoint of evolutionary ecology, to describe the life histories of organisms, their basic components and compromises, to compare the evolutionary and ecological advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction, to orientate in species speciation, to inspect species diversity from an evolutionary biologist perspective, and to link evolutionary ecology to immunology.

Syllabus

• (1) Introduction to evolutionary ecology - introduction to the study of evolutionary ecology, interactive examples with thematic links to individual topics of lectures. Natural selection, Darwin's evolutionary scenario. Types of selection. Natural and sexual selection. Adaptation and fitness. (2) Genetic basics of evolutionary change. Genotype and phenotype, genetic interactions. Genetic and environmental components of phenotype variability. Estimation of inheritance. Changes in the allelic frequency in the population - HW equilibrium, genetic drift, gene flow, selection. Effective population size. Neutral evolution of molecular evolution. Inbreeding. Hybridization. Maintaining genetic variability. Fitness inheritance. (3) Selection and adaptation. Selection units. What and how is it selected? Group selection vs. individual selection. Selection of genes - altruism, kin selection. Factors limiting the adaptation - gene flow, time to emerge adaptation, compromises, and limitations. Description of the selection. (4) The environment of organisms from the perspective of evolutionary ecology. Habitat, niche and the role of organisms. Coevolution - another species as a fluctuating habitat (gene for gene, specific coevolution, guild coevolution, arms race, conflict of interest in the case of mutualism). Selection of resources – specialist vs. generalist. Division of resources and competition. Interpretation of niche divergence. Space free from enemies. Evidence of compromises. Ideal free distribution. Strategy for betting and aversion to risk, adaptive reversal of the coin. Relationship between distribution and abundance. Classification of habitats. (5) Evolutionary ecology of interacting species. Ecological and evolutionary processes of competition. Predation - models of dynamics in predator-prey system. What does predator do? Does the predator seek prey optimally? Energy maximization theory vs. time minimization. Strategy of prey. Parasite - parasite effect on host dynamics. Parasite strategy to prevent extinction. Co-evolution of host and parasite. Mutual interactions. (6) Life history and compromises. Life history and fitness - semelparous and iteroparous organisms. Life history - growth and development before reproduction, integration into reproduction, distribution of life-long reproduction, life after reproduction. Compromises in the evolution of life history. (7) Reproductive effort and basic components of life history. Growth and achievement of sexual maturity, role of diapause, complex life cycles, optimization of growth steps. Reproduction of semelparous and iteroparous organisms - big bang reproduction, terminal reproductive investment. Age and size in reproduction - analysis of effects on sexual maturity, models of optimal age for achieving sexual maturity. Number and size of offspring - Lack's clutch size and the deviations from this model. Reproductive life span and aging. (8) Evolutionary ecology of sexual reproduction. Evolutionary costs of sexual reproduction. The benefits of sexual reproduction. When is asexual reproduction advantageous? Some disadvantages of asexual reproduction. The origin of sexual reproduction. Sex delimitation, hermaphroditism. Sex ratio in the population and its deviation. Sexual selection - differences in opportunities for selection in males and females. Sexual selection and evolution of sexual dimorphism. (9) Ecological concept of speciation. Problems with species delimitation. Biological concept of the species - prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive-isolation mechanisms. Reproductive isolation in case of secondary contact. The role of sexual selection for prezygotic reproductive isolation. Mechanisms of allopatric speciation. Mechanisms of sympatric speciation. Parapatric speciation. Species radiation. Theories of philetic gradualism vs. punctuated equilibrium. Balance between speciation and extinction processes. (10) Diversity of organisms. What is the cause of high diversity? Global processes generating diversity - diversity in terms of area size, time of colonization, energy. Processes generating diversity within communities and regions. Extinction - mass, background, anthropogenic. Diversification. Effect of human activities on organismal diversity. (11) Evolutionary immunology - immunity of vertebrates, immune defense mechanisms, immunocompetence. Cost of immunity - immunity as a component of life history. Investing in immunity vs. investment in reproduction. Other costs associated with an immune investment. Immune genes evolution - MHC genes - Parasite-mediated selection and sexual selection, choosing good or compatible genes?

Literature

recommended literature
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Taught in person.

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 14:00–15:50 D31/238

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Ecology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, N-ZOL)

Course objectives

The central idea of the evolutionary ecology course is the interconnection of ecological and evolutionary-biological views, i.e. analyses of current and historical influences on the laws of changes in living nature. The aim of the course is to explain to students the associations between the organisms and their environment (abiotic and biotic) and the processes generating these associations from an ecological point of view, and to analyze the causes of these associations from the evolutionary perspective.

Learning outcomes

At the end of this course the student will be able: to interpret the relationships and laws observed in the living environment and to explain the mechanisms and causes of their origin. Specifically, the student will be able to define selection and adaptation, to describe the genetic basis of evolutionary changes, to interpret knowledge about the environment of organisms and interspecific interactions from the viewpoint of evolutionary ecology, to describe the life histories of organisms, their basic components and compromises, to compare the evolutionary and ecological advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction, to orientate in species speciation, to inspect species diversity from an evolutionary biologist perspective, and to link evolutionary ecology to immunology.

Syllabus

• (1) Introduction to evolutionary ecology - introduction to the study of evolutionary ecology, interactive examples with thematic links to individual topics of lectures. Natural selection, Darwin's evolutionary scenario. Types of selection. Natural and sexual selection. Adaptation and fitness. (2) Genetic basics of evolutionary change. Genotype and phenotype, genetic interactions. Genetic and environmental components of phenotype variability. Estimation of inheritance. Changes in the allelic frequency in the population - HW equilibrium, genetic drift, gene flow, selection. Effective population size. Neutral evolution of molecular evolution. Inbreeding. Hybridization. Maintaining genetic variability. Fitness inheritance. (3) Selection and adaptation. Selection units. What and how is it selected? Group selection vs. individual selection. Selection of genes - altruism, kin selection. Factors limiting the adaptation - gene flow, time to emerge adaptation, compromises, and limitations. Description of the selection. (4) The environment of organisms from the perspective of evolutionary ecology. Habitat, niche and the role of organisms. Coevolution - another species as a fluctuating habitat (gene for gene, specific coevolution, guild coevolution, arms race, conflict of interest in the case of mutualism). Selection of resources – specialist vs. generalist. Division of resources and competition. Interpretation of niche divergence. Space free from enemies. Evidence of compromises. Ideal free distribution. Strategy for betting and aversion to risk, adaptive reversal of the coin. Relationship between distribution and abundance. Classification of habitats. (5) Evolutionary ecology of interacting species. Ecological and evolutionary processes of competition. Predation - models of dynamics in predator-prey system. What does predator do? Does the predator seek prey optimally? Energy maximization theory vs. time minimization. Strategy of prey. Parasite - parasite effect on host dynamics. Parasite strategy to prevent extinction. Co-evolution of host and parasite. Mutual interactions. (6) Life history and compromises. Life history and fitness - semelparous and iteroparous organisms. Life history - growth and development before reproduction, integration into reproduction, distribution of life-long reproduction, life after reproduction. Compromises in the evolution of life history. (7) Reproductive effort and basic components of life history. Growth and achievement of sexual maturity, role of diapause, complex life cycles, optimization of growth steps. Reproduction of semelparous and iteroparous organisms - big bang reproduction, terminal reproductive investment. Age and size in reproduction - analysis of effects on sexual maturity, models of optimal age for achieving sexual maturity. Number and size of offspring - Lack's clutch size and the deviations from this model. Reproductive life span and aging. (8) Evolutionary ecology of sexual reproduction. Evolutionary costs of sexual reproduction. The benefits of sexual reproduction. When is asexual reproduction advantageous? Some disadvantages of asexual reproduction. The origin of sexual reproduction. Sex delimitation, hermaphroditism. Sex ratio in the population and its deviation. Sexual selection - differences in opportunities for selection in males and females. Sexual selection and evolution of sexual dimorphism. (9) Ecological concept of speciation. Problems with species delimitation. Biological concept of the species - prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive-isolation mechanisms. Reproductive isolation in case of secondary contact. The role of sexual selection for prezygotic reproductive isolation. Mechanisms of allopatric speciation. Mechanisms of sympatric speciation. Parapatric speciation. Species radiation. Theories of philetic gradualism vs. punctuated equilibrium. Balance between speciation and extinction processes. (10) Diversity of organisms. What is the cause of high diversity? Global processes generating diversity - diversity in terms of area size, time of colonization, energy. Processes generating diversity within communities and regions. Extinction - mass, background, anthropogenic. Diversification. Effect of human activities on organismal diversity. (11) Evolutionary immunology - immunity of vertebrates, immune defense mechanisms, immunocompetence. Cost of immunity - immunity as a component of life history. Investing in immunity vs. investment in reproduction. Other costs associated with an immune investment. Immune genes evolution - MHC genes - Parasite-mediated selection and sexual selection, choosing good or compatible genes?

Literature

recommended literature
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Taught in person.

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Tue 8:00–9:50 D32/329

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Ecology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, N-ZOL)

Course objectives

The central idea of the evolutionary ecology course is the interconnection of ecological and evolutionary-biological views, i.e. analyses of current and historical influences on the laws of changes in living nature. The aim of the course is to explain to students the associations between the organisms and their environment (abiotic and biotic) and the processes generating these associations from an ecological point of view, and to analyze the causes of these associations from the evolutionary perspective.

Learning outcomes

At the end of this course the student will be able: to interpret the relationships and laws observed in the living environment and to explain the mechanisms and causes of their origin. Specifically, the student will be able to define selection and adaptation, to describe the genetic basis of evolutionary changes, to interpret knowledge about the environment of organisms and interspecific interactions from the viewpoint of evolutionary ecology, to describe the life histories of organisms, their basic components and compromises, to compare the evolutionary and ecological advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction, to orientate in species speciation, to inspect species diversity from an evolutionary biologist perspective, and to link evolutionary ecology to immunology.

Syllabus

• (1) Introduction to evolutionary ecology - introduction to the study of evolutionary ecology, interactive examples with thematic links to individual topics of lectures. Natural selection, Darwin's evolutionary scenario. Types of selection. Natural and sexual selection. Adaptation and fitness. (2) Genetic basics of evolutionary change. Genotype and phenotype, genetic interactions. Genetic and environmental components of phenotype variability. Estimation of inheritance. Changes in the allelic frequency in the population - HW equilibrium, genetic drift, gene flow, selection. Effective population size. Neutral evolution of molecular evolution. Inbreeding. Hybridization. Maintaining genetic variability. Fitness inheritance. (3) Selection and adaptation. Selection units. What and how is it selected? Group selection vs. individual selection. Selection of genes - altruism, kin selection. Factors limiting the adaptation - gene flow, time to emerge adaptation, compromises, and limitations. Description of the selection. (4) The environment of organisms from the perspective of evolutionary ecology. Habitat, niche and the role of organisms. Coevolution - another species as a fluctuating habitat (gene for gene, specific coevolution, guild coevolution, arms race, conflict of interest in the case of mutualism). Selection of resources – specialist vs. generalist. Division of resources and competition. Interpretation of niche divergence. Space free from enemies. Evidence of compromises. Ideal free distribution. Strategy for betting and aversion to risk, adaptive reversal of the coin. Relationship between distribution and abundance. Classification of habitats. (5) Evolutionary ecology of interacting species. Ecological and evolutionary processes of competition. Predation - models of dynamics in predator-prey system. What does predator do? Does the predator seek prey optimally? Energy maximization theory vs. time minimization. Strategy of prey. Parasite - parasite effect on host dynamics. Parasite strategy to prevent extinction. Co-evolution of host and parasite. Mutual interactions. (6) Life history and compromises. Life history and fitness - semelparous and iteroparous organisms. Life history - growth and development before reproduction, integration into reproduction, distribution of life-long reproduction, life after reproduction. Compromises in the evolution of life history. (7) Reproductive effort and basic components of life history. Growth and achievement of sexual maturity, role of diapause, complex life cycles, optimization of growth steps. Reproduction of semelparous and iteroparous organisms - big bang reproduction, terminal reproductive investment. Age and size in reproduction - analysis of effects on sexual maturity, models of optimal age for achieving sexual maturity. Number and size of offspring - Lack's clutch size and the deviations from this model. Reproductive life span and aging. (8) Evolutionary ecology of sexual reproduction. Evolutionary costs of sexual reproduction. The benefits of sexual reproduction. When is asexual reproduction advantageous? Some disadvantages of asexual reproduction. The origin of sexual reproduction. Sex delimitation, hermaphroditism. Sex ratio in the population and its deviation. Sexual selection - differences in opportunities for selection in males and females. Sexual selection and evolution of sexual dimorphism. (9) Ecological concept of speciation. Problems with species delimitation. Biological concept of the species - prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive-isolation mechanisms. Reproductive isolation in case of secondary contact. The role of sexual selection for prezygotic reproductive isolation. Mechanisms of allopatric speciation. Mechanisms of sympatric speciation. Parapatric speciation. Species radiation. Theories of philetic gradualism vs. punctuated equilibrium. Balance between speciation and extinction processes. (10) Diversity of organisms. What is the cause of high diversity? Global processes generating diversity - diversity in terms of area size, time of colonization, energy. Processes generating diversity within communities and regions. Extinction - mass, background, anthropogenic. Diversification. Effect of human activities on organismal diversity. (11) Evolutionary immunology - immunity of vertebrates, immune defense mechanisms, immunocompetence. Cost of immunity - immunity as a component of life history. Investing in immunity vs. investment in reproduction. Other costs associated with an immune investment. Immune genes evolution - MHC genes - Parasite-mediated selection and sexual selection, choosing good or compatible genes?

Literature

recommended literature
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Taught in person.

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 8:00–9:50 D31/238

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Ecology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, N-ZOL)

Course objectives

The central idea of the evolutionary ecology course is the interconnection of ecological and evolutionary-biological views, i.e. analyses of current and historical influences on the laws of changes in living nature. The aim of the course is to explain to students the associations between the organisms and their environment (abiotic and biotic) and the processes generating these associations from an ecological point of view, and to analyze the causes of these associations from the evolutionary perspective.

Learning outcomes

At the end of this course the student will be able: to interpret the relationships and laws observed in the living environment and to explain the mechanisms and causes of their origin. Specifically, the student will be able to define selection and adaptation, to describe the genetic basis of evolutionary changes, to interpret knowledge about the environment of organisms and interspecific interactions from the viewpoint of evolutionary ecology, to describe the life histories of organisms, their basic components and compromises, to compare the evolutionary and ecological advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction, to orientate in species speciation, to inspect species diversity from an evolutionary biologist perspective, and to link evolutionary ecology to immunology.

Syllabus

• (1) Introduction to evolutionary ecology - introduction to the study of evolutionary ecology, interactive examples with thematic links to individual topics of lectures. Natural selection, Darwin's evolutionary scenario. Types of selection. Natural and sexual selection. Adaptation and fitness. (2) Genetic basics of evolutionary change. Genotype and phenotype, genetic interactions. Genetic and environmental components of phenotype variability. Estimation of inheritance. Changes in the allelic frequency in the population - HW equilibrium, genetic drift, gene flow, selection. Effective population size. Neutral evolution of molecular evolution. Inbreeding. Hybridization. Maintaining genetic variability. Fitness inheritance. (3) Selection and adaptation. Selection units. What and how is it selected? Group selection vs. individual selection. Selection of genes - altruism, kin selection. Factors limiting the adaptation - gene flow, time to emerge adaptation, compromises, and limitations. Description of the selection. (4) The environment of organisms from the perspective of evolutionary ecology. Habitat, niche and the role of organisms. Coevolution - another species as a fluctuating habitat (gene for gene, specific coevolution, guild coevolution, arms race, conflict of interest in the case of mutualism). Selection of resources – specialist vs. generalist. Division of resources and competition. Interpretation of niche divergence. Space free from enemies. Evidence of compromises. Ideal free distribution. Strategy for betting and aversion to risk, adaptive reversal of the coin. Relationship between distribution and abundance. Classification of habitats. (5) Evolutionary ecology of interacting species. Ecological and evolutionary processes of competition. Predation - models of dynamics in predator-prey system. What does predator do? Does the predator seek prey optimally? Energy maximization theory vs. time minimization. Strategy of prey. Parasite - parasite effect on host dynamics. Parasite strategy to prevent extinction. Co-evolution of host and parasite. Mutual interactions. (6) Life history and compromises. Life history and fitness - semelparous and iteroparous organisms. Life history - growth and development before reproduction, integration into reproduction, distribution of life-long reproduction, life after reproduction. Compromises in the evolution of life history. (7) Reproductive effort and basic components of life history. Growth and achievement of sexual maturity, role of diapause, complex life cycles, optimization of growth steps. Reproduction of semelparous and iteroparous organisms - big bang reproduction, terminal reproductive investment. Age and size in reproduction - analysis of effects on sexual maturity, models of optimal age for achieving sexual maturity. Number and size of offspring - Lack's clutch size and the deviations from this model. Reproductive life span and aging. (8) Evolutionary ecology of sexual reproduction. Evolutionary costs of sexual reproduction. The benefits of sexual reproduction. When is asexual reproduction advantageous? Some disadvantages of asexual reproduction. The origin of sexual reproduction. Sex delimitation, hermaphroditism. Sex ratio in the population and its deviation. Sexual selection - differences in opportunities for selection in males and females. Sexual selection and evolution of sexual dimorphism. (9) Ecological concept of speciation. Problems with species delimitation. Biological concept of the species - prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive-isolation mechanisms. Reproductive isolation in case of secondary contact. The role of sexual selection for prezygotic reproductive isolation. Mechanisms of allopatric speciation. Mechanisms of sympatric speciation. Parapatric speciation. Species radiation. Theories of philetic gradualism vs. punctuated equilibrium. Balance between speciation and extinction processes. (10) Diversity of organisms. What is the cause of high diversity? Global processes generating diversity - diversity in terms of area size, time of colonization, energy. Processes generating diversity within communities and regions. Extinction - mass, background, anthropogenic. Diversification. Effect of human activities on organismal diversity. (11) Evolutionary immunology - immunity of vertebrates, immune defense mechanisms, immunocompetence. Cost of immunity - immunity as a component of life history. Investing in immunity vs. investment in reproduction. Other costs associated with an immune investment. Immune genes evolution - MHC genes - Parasite-mediated selection and sexual selection, choosing good or compatible genes?

Literature

recommended literature
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 10:00–11:50 D31/238

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Ecology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, N-ZOL)

Course objectives

The central idea of the evolutionary ecology course is the interconnection of ecological and evolutionary-biological views, i.e. analyses of current and historical influences on the laws of changes in living nature. The aim of the course is to explain to students the associations between the organisms and their environment (abiotic and biotic) and the processes generating these associations from an ecological point of view, and to analyze the causes of these associations from the evolutionary perspective.

Learning outcomes

At the end of this course the student will be able: to interpret the relationships and laws observed in the living environment and to explain the mechanisms and causes of their origin. Specifically, the student will be able to define selection and adaptation, to describe the genetic basis of evolutionary changes, to interpret knowledge about the environment of organisms and interspecific interactions from the viewpoint of evolutionary ecology, to describe the life histories of organisms, their basic components and compromises, to compare the evolutionary and ecological advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction, to orientate in species speciation, to inspect species diversity from an evolutionary biologist perspective, and to link evolutionary ecology to immunology.

Syllabus

• (1) Introduction to evolutionary ecology - introduction to the study of evolutionary ecology, interactive examples with thematic links to individual topics of lectures. Natural selection, Darwin's evolutionary scenario. Types of selection. Natural and sexual selection. Adaptation and fitness. (2) Genetic basics of evolutionary change. Genotype and phenotype, genetic interactions. Genetic and environmental components of phenotype variability. Estimation of inheritance. Changes in the allelic frequency in the population - HW equilibrium, genetic drift, gene flow, selection. Effective population size. Neutral evolution of molecular evolution. Inbreeding. Hybridization. Maintaining genetic variability. Fitness inheritance. (3) Selection and adaptation. Selection units. What and how is it selected? Group selection vs. individual selection. Selection of genes - altruism, kin selection. Factors limiting the adaptation - gene flow, time to emerge adaptation, compromises, and limitations. Description of the selection. (4) The environment of organisms from the perspective of evolutionary ecology. Habitat, niche and the role of organisms. Coevolution - another species as a fluctuating habitat (gene for gene, specific coevolution, guild coevolution, arms race, conflict of interest in the case of mutualism). Selection of resources – specialist vs. generalist. Division of resources and competition. Interpretation of niche divergence. Space free from enemies. Evidence of compromises. Ideal free distribution. Strategy for betting and aversion to risk, adaptive reversal of the coin. Relationship between distribution and abundance. Classification of habitats. (5) Evolutionary ecology of interacting species. Ecological and evolutionary processes of competition. Predation - models of dynamics in predator-prey system. What does predator do? Does the predator seek prey optimally? Energy maximization theory vs. time minimization. Strategy of prey. Parasite - parasite effect on host dynamics. Parasite strategy to prevent extinction. Co-evolution of host and parasite. Mutual interactions. (6) Life history and compromises. Life history and fitness - semelparous and iteroparous organisms. Life history - growth and development before reproduction, integration into reproduction, distribution of life-long reproduction, life after reproduction. Compromises in the evolution of life history. (7) Reproductive effort and basic components of life history. Growth and achievement of sexual maturity, role of diapause, complex life cycles, optimization of growth steps. Reproduction of semelparous and iteroparous organisms - big bang reproduction, terminal reproductive investment. Age and size in reproduction - analysis of effects on sexual maturity, models of optimal age for achieving sexual maturity. Number and size of offspring - Lack's clutch size and the deviations from this model. Reproductive life span and aging. (8) Evolutionary ecology of sexual reproduction. Evolutionary costs of sexual reproduction. The benefits of sexual reproduction. When is asexual reproduction advantageous? Some disadvantages of asexual reproduction. The origin of sexual reproduction. Sex delimitation, hermaphroditism. Sex ratio in the population and its deviation. Sexual selection - differences in opportunities for selection in males and females. Sexual selection and evolution of sexual dimorphism. (9) Ecological concept of speciation. Problems with species delimitation. Biological concept of the species - prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive-isolation mechanisms. Reproductive isolation in case of secondary contact. The role of sexual selection for prezygotic reproductive isolation. Mechanisms of allopatric speciation. Mechanisms of sympatric speciation. Parapatric speciation. Species radiation. Theories of philetic gradualism vs. punctuated equilibrium. Balance between speciation and extinction processes. (10) Diversity of organisms. What is the cause of high diversity? Global processes generating diversity - diversity in terms of area size, time of colonization, energy. Processes generating diversity within communities and regions. Extinction - mass, background, anthropogenic. Diversification. Effect of human activities on organismal diversity. (11) Evolutionary immunology - immunity of vertebrates, immune defense mechanisms, immunocompetence. Cost of immunity - immunity as a component of life history. Investing in immunity vs. investment in reproduction. Other costs associated with an immune investment. Immune genes evolution - MHC genes - Parasite-mediated selection and sexual selection, choosing good or compatible genes?

Literature

recommended literature
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Thu 10:00–11:50 D31/238

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Ecology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, D-BI4)
• Zoology (programme PřF, N-ZOL)

Course objectives

The central idea of the evolutionary ecology course is the interconnection of ecological and evolutionary-biological views, i.e. analyses of current and historical influences on the laws of changes in living nature. The aim of the course is to explain to students the associations between the organisms and their environment (abiotic and biotic) and the processes generating these associations from an ecological point of view, and to analyze the causes of these associations from the evolutionary perspective.

Learning outcomes

At the end of this course the student will be able: to interpret the relationships and laws observed in the living environment and to explain the mechanisms and causes of their origin. Specifically, the student will be able to define selection and adaptation, to describe the genetic basis of evolutionary changes, to interpret knowledge about the environment of organisms and interspecific interactions from the viewpoint of evolutionary ecology, to describe the life histories of organisms, their basic components and compromises, to compare the evolutionary and ecological advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction, to orientate in species speciation, to inspect species diversity from an evolutionary biologist perspective, and to link evolutionary ecology to immunology.

Syllabus

• (1) Introduction to evolutionary ecology - introduction to the study of evolutionary ecology, interactive examples with thematic links to individual topics of lectures. Natural selection, Darwin's evolutionary scenario. Types of selection. Natural and sexual selection. Adaptation and fitness. (2) Genetic basics of evolutionary change. Genotype and phenotype, genetic interactions. Genetic and environmental components of phenotype variability. Estimation of inheritance. Changes in the allelic frequency in the population - HW equilibrium, genetic drift, gene flow, selection. Effective population size. Neutral evolution of molecular evolution. Inbreeding. Hybridization. Maintaining genetic variability. Fitness inheritance. (3) Selection and adaptation. Selection units. What and how is it selected? Group selection vs. individual selection. Selection of genes - altruism, kin selection. Factors limiting the adaptation - gene flow, time to emerge adaptation, compromises, and limitations. Description of the selection. (4) The environment of organisms from the perspective of evolutionary ecology. Habitat, niche and the role of organisms. Coevolution - another species as a fluctuating habitat (gene for gene, specific coevolution, guild coevolution, arms race, conflict of interest in the case of mutualism). Selection of resources – specialist vs. generalist. Division of resources and competition. Interpretation of niche divergence. Space free from enemies. Evidence of compromises. Ideal free distribution. Strategy for betting and aversion to risk, adaptive reversal of the coin. Relationship between distribution and abundance. Classification of habitats. (5) Evolutionary ecology of interacting species. Ecological and evolutionary processes of competition. Predation - models of dynamics in predator-prey system. What does predator do? Does the predator seek prey optimally? Energy maximization theory vs. time minimization. Strategy of prey. Parasite - parasite effect on host dynamics. Parasite strategy to prevent extinction. Co-evolution of host and parasite. Mutual interactions. (6) Life history and compromises. Life history and fitness - semelparous and iteroparous organisms. Life history - growth and development before reproduction, integration into reproduction, distribution of life-long reproduction, life after reproduction. Compromises in the evolution of life history. (7) Reproductive effort and basic components of life history. Growth and achievement of sexual maturity, role of diapause, complex life cycles, optimization of growth steps. Reproduction of semelparous and iteroparous organisms - big bang reproduction, terminal reproductive investment. Age and size in reproduction - analysis of effects on sexual maturity, models of optimal age for achieving sexual maturity. Number and size of offspring - Lack's clutch size and the deviations from this model. Reproductive life span and aging. (8) Evolutionary ecology of sexual reproduction. Evolutionary costs of sexual reproduction. The benefits of sexual reproduction. When is asexual reproduction advantageous? Some disadvantages of asexual reproduction. The origin of sexual reproduction. Sex delimitation, hermaphroditism. Sex ratio in the population and its deviation. Sexual selection - differences in opportunities for selection in males and females. Sexual selection and evolution of sexual dimorphism. (9) Ecological concept of speciation. Problems with species delimitation. Biological concept of the species - prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive-isolation mechanisms. Reproductive isolation in case of secondary contact. The role of sexual selection for prezygotic reproductive isolation. Mechanisms of allopatric speciation. Mechanisms of sympatric speciation. Parapatric speciation. Species radiation. Theories of philetic gradualism vs. punctuated equilibrium. Balance between speciation and extinction processes. (10) Diversity of organisms. What is the cause of high diversity? Global processes generating diversity - diversity in terms of area size, time of colonization, energy. Processes generating diversity within communities and regions. Extinction - mass, background, anthropogenic. Diversification. Effect of human activities on organismal diversity. (11) Evolutionary immunology - immunity of vertebrates, immune defense mechanisms, immunocompetence. Cost of immunity - immunity as a component of life history. Investing in immunity vs. investment in reproduction. Other costs associated with an immune investment. Immune genes evolution - MHC genes - Parasite-mediated selection and sexual selection, choosing good or compatible genes?

Literature

recommended literature
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 17. 9. to Fri 14. 12. Thu 10:00–11:50 D31/238

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 10 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Evolutionary ecology is the study of the selective pressures imposed on organisms by the environment and the evolutionary responses to these pressures. The main aim of the lecture „Evolutionary ecology“ is to analyze the biology of species from the view of evolutionary biology and ecology.

Syllabus

• 1. Darwin’s biology – ecology and evolution, evolutionary trees. Variability, the cause and evolutionary significance of the variability. 2. Mechanisms of evolutions – natural selection, molecular evolution, adaptation, phenotypic plasticity, speciation and extinction 3. Ecological and biogeographical aspects of evolutionary changes. 4. Evolution and ecology of biodiversity. Diversification. 5. Physical ecology of organisms – effect of temperature and light on organismal function, adaptation of organisms, size and shape of organisms – effect on organismal structure and function, allometric methods. How do organisms work? – mechanisms of regulation, osmoregulation, metabolism and substance transport. Evolution of physical systems of organisms. 6. Evolution of life history traits – theory of energy allocation based on trade-off, fitness and life traits, age and size in maturity, size and number of offspring, evolution of aging, life cycles, sex ratio and allocation in sex, ecological specialization and generalization 7. Phylogenies and their application in evolutionary ecology. Principles of macroevolution – phylogenetic tree, comparative analysis, methods of phylogenetically independent contrasts. Integrating micro- and macroevolution – coevolution, human evolution – history and diseases, selection and virulence. 8. Intraspecies interactions in evolutionary ecology. Evolution and ecology of sexual behavior (sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating strategies, social evolution. Behavioral ecology and speciation. 9. Feeding behavior, evolutionary ecology of movement. 10. Interspecies interaction in evolutionary ecology. Evolution of ecological niche. Numerical and functional response to competition, evolutionary restriction of niche, species coexistence. 11. Evolution and ecology of sex – mating strategies, role of sexual ornamentation in sexual selection, handicap hypothesis, immunocompetence handicap hypothesis, sperm protection hypothesis, coexistence of sexual and asexual reproduction, Red Queen hypothesis. 12. Parasites in evolutionary ecology – evolution of ecological characters of parasites, origin of parasitism, speciation and diversification of parasites, parasite strategies to exploit their hosts, parasite aggregation – ecological cause and evolutionary consequences 13. Immunity in evolutionary ecology. Immune genes and investment in immunity. Immunity versus reproduction. Parasite-mediated selection of MHC genes, the role of MHC in sexual selection.

Literature

required literature
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

recommended literature
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 18. 9. to Fri 15. 12. Thu 9:00–10:50 D31/238

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 10 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Evolutionary ecology is the study of the selective pressures imposed on organisms by the environment and the evolutionary responses to these pressures. The main aim of the lecture „Evolutionary ecology“ is to analyze the biology of species from the view of evolutionary biology and ecology.

Syllabus

• 1. Darwin’s biology – ecology and evolution, evolutionary trees. Variability, the cause and evolutionary significance of the variability. 2. Mechanisms of evolutions – natural selection, molecular evolution, adaptation, phenotypic plasticity, speciation and extinction 3. Ecological and biogeographical aspects of evolutionary changes. 4. Evolution and ecology of biodiversity. Diversification. 5. Physical ecology of organisms – effect of temperature and light on organismal function, adaptation of organisms, size and shape of organisms – effect on organismal structure and function, allometric methods. How do organisms work? – mechanisms of regulation, osmoregulation, metabolism and substance transport. Evolution of physical systems of organisms. 6. Evolution of life history traits – theory of energy allocation based on trade-off, fitness and life traits, age and size in maturity, size and number of offspring, evolution of aging, life cycles, sex ratio and allocation in sex, ecological specialization and generalization 7. Phylogenies and their application in evolutionary ecology. Principles of macroevolution – phylogenetic tree, comparative analysis, methods of phylogenetically independent contrasts. Integrating micro- and macroevolution – coevolution, human evolution – history and diseases, selection and virulence. 8. Intraspecies interactions in evolutionary ecology. Evolution and ecology of sexual behavior (sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating strategies, social evolution. Behavioral ecology and speciation. 9. Feeding behavior, evolutionary ecology of movement. 10. Interspecies interaction in evolutionary ecology. Evolution of ecological niche. Numerical and functional response to competition, evolutionary restriction of niche, species coexistence. 11. Evolution and ecology of sex – mating strategies, role of sexual ornamentation in sexual selection, handicap hypothesis, immunocompetence handicap hypothesis, sperm protection hypothesis, coexistence of sexual and asexual reproduction, Red Queen hypothesis. 12. Parasites in evolutionary ecology – evolution of ecological characters of parasites, origin of parasitism, speciation and diversification of parasites, parasite strategies to exploit their hosts, parasite aggregation – ecological cause and evolutionary consequences 13. Immunity in evolutionary ecology. Immune genes and investment in immunity. Immunity versus reproduction. Parasite-mediated selection of MHC genes, the role of MHC in sexual selection.

Literature

required literature
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

recommended literature
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 19. 9. to Sun 18. 12. Mon 8:00–9:50 D31/238

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 10 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Evolutionary ecology is the study of the selective pressures imposed on organisms by the environment and the evolutionary responses to these pressures. The main aim of the lecture „Evolutionary ecology“ is to analyze the biology of species from the view of evolutionary biology and ecology.

Syllabus

• 1. Darwin’s biology – ecology and evolution, evolutionary trees. Variability, the cause and evolutionary significance of the variability. 2. Mechanisms of evolutions – natural selection, molecular evolution, adaptation, phenotypic plasticity, speciation and extinction 3. Ecological and biogeographical aspects of evolutionary changes. 4. Evolution and ecology of biodiversity. Diversification. 5. Physical ecology of organisms – effect of temperature and light on organismal function, adaptation of organisms, size and shape of organisms – effect on organismal structure and function, allometric methods. How do organisms work? – mechanisms of regulation, osmoregulation, metabolism and substance transport. Evolution of physical systems of organisms. 6. Evolution of life history traits – theory of energy allocation based on trade-off, fitness and life traits, age and size in maturity, size and number of offspring, evolution of aging, life cycles, sex ratio and allocation in sex, ecological specialization and generalization 7. Phylogenies and their application in evolutionary ecology. Principles of macroevolution – phylogenetic tree, comparative analysis, methods of phylogenetically independent contrasts. Integrating micro- and macroevolution – coevolution, human evolution – history and diseases, selection and virulence. 8. Intraspecies interactions in evolutionary ecology. Evolution and ecology of sexual behavior (sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating strategies, social evolution. Behavioral ecology and speciation. 9. Feeding behavior, evolutionary ecology of movement. 10. Interspecies interaction in evolutionary ecology. Evolution of ecological niche. Numerical and functional response to competition, evolutionary restriction of niche, species coexistence. 11. Evolution and ecology of sex – mating strategies, role of sexual ornamentation in sexual selection, handicap hypothesis, immunocompetence handicap hypothesis, sperm protection hypothesis, coexistence of sexual and asexual reproduction, Red Queen hypothesis. 12. Parasites in evolutionary ecology – evolution of ecological characters of parasites, origin of parasitism, speciation and diversification of parasites, parasite strategies to exploit their hosts, parasite aggregation – ecological cause and evolutionary consequences 13. Immunity in evolutionary ecology. Immune genes and investment in immunity. Immunity versus reproduction. Parasite-mediated selection of MHC genes, the role of MHC in sexual selection.

Literature

required literature
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

recommended literature
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

Extent and Intensity

2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Tue 10:00–11:50 D31/238

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 10 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Evolutionary ecology is the study of the selective pressures imposed on organisms by the environment and the evolutionary responses to these pressures. The main aim of the lecture „Evolutionary ecology“ is to analyze the biology of species from the view of evolutionary biology and ecology.

Syllabus

• 1. Darwin’s biology – ecology and evolution, evolutionary trees. Variability, the cause and evolutionary significance of the variability. 2. Mechanisms of evolutions – natural selection, molecular evolution, adaptation, phenotypic plasticity, speciation and extinction 3. Ecological and biogeographical aspects of evolutionary changes. 4. Evolution and ecology of biodiversity. Diversification. 5. Physical ecology of organisms – effect of temperature and light on organismal function, adaptation of organisms, size and shape of organisms – effect on organismal structure and function, allometric methods. How do organisms work? – mechanisms of regulation, osmoregulation, metabolism and substance transport. Evolution of physical systems of organisms. 6. Evolution of life history traits – theory of energy allocation based on trade-off, fitness and life traits, age and size in maturity, size and number of offspring, evolution of aging, life cycles, sex ratio and allocation in sex, ecological specialization and generalization 7. Phylogenies and their application in evolutionary ecology. Principles of macroevolution – phylogenetic tree, comparative analysis, methods of phylogenetically independent contrasts. Integrating micro- and macroevolution – coevolution, human evolution – history and diseases, selection and virulence. 8. Intraspecies interactions in evolutionary ecology. Evolution and ecology of sexual behavior (sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating strategies, social evolution. Behavioral ecology and speciation. 9. Feeding behavior, evolutionary ecology of movement. 10. Interspecies interaction in evolutionary ecology. Evolution of ecological niche. Numerical and functional response to competition, evolutionary restriction of niche, species coexistence. 11. Evolution and ecology of sex – mating strategies, role of sexual ornamentation in sexual selection, handicap hypothesis, immunocompetence handicap hypothesis, sperm protection hypothesis, coexistence of sexual and asexual reproduction, Red Queen hypothesis. 12. Parasites in evolutionary ecology – evolution of ecological characters of parasites, origin of parasitism, speciation and diversification of parasites, parasite strategies to exploit their hosts, parasite aggregation – ecological cause and evolutionary consequences 13. Immunity in evolutionary ecology. Immune genes and investment in immunity. Immunity versus reproduction. Parasite-mediated selection of MHC genes, the role of MHC in sexual selection.

Literature

required literature
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

recommended literature
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

The course is not taught in Autumn 2014

Extent and Intensity

2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 10 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Evolutionary ecology is the study of the selective pressures imposed on organisms by the environment and the evolutionary responses to these pressures. The main aim of the lecture „Evolutionary ecology“ is to analyze the biology of species from the view of evolutionary biology and ecology.

Syllabus

• 1. Darwin’s biology – ecology and evolution, evolutionary trees. Variability, the cause and evolutionary significance of the variability. 2. Mechanisms of evolutions – natural selection, molecular evolution, adaptation, phenotypic plasticity, speciation and extinction 3. Ecological and biogeographical aspects of evolutionary changes. 4. Evolution and ecology of biodiversity. Diversification. 5. Physical ecology of organisms – effect of temperature and light on organismal function, adaptation of organisms, size and shape of organisms – effect on organismal structure and function, allometric methods. How do organisms work? – mechanisms of regulation, osmoregulation, metabolism and substance transport. Evolution of physical systems of organisms. 6. Evolution of life history traits – theory of energy allocation based on trade-off, fitness and life traits, age and size in maturity, size and number of offspring, evolution of aging, life cycles, sex ratio and allocation in sex, ecological specialization and generalization 7. Phylogenies and their application in evolutionary ecology. Principles of macroevolution – phylogenetic tree, comparative analysis, methods of phylogenetically independent contrasts. Integrating micro- and macroevolution – coevolution, human evolution – history and diseases, selection and virulence. 8. Intraspecies interactions in evolutionary ecology. Evolution and ecology of sexual behavior (sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating strategies, social evolution. Behavioral ecology and speciation. 9. Feeding behavior, evolutionary ecology of movement. 10. Interspecies interaction in evolutionary ecology. Evolution of ecological niche. Numerical and functional response to competition, evolutionary restriction of niche, species coexistence. 11. Evolution and ecology of sex – mating strategies, role of sexual ornamentation in sexual selection, handicap hypothesis, immunocompetence handicap hypothesis, sperm protection hypothesis, coexistence of sexual and asexual reproduction, Red Queen hypothesis. 12. Parasites in evolutionary ecology – evolution of ecological characters of parasites, origin of parasitism, speciation and diversification of parasites, parasite strategies to exploit their hosts, parasite aggregation – ecological cause and evolutionary consequences 13. Immunity in evolutionary ecology. Immune genes and investment in immunity. Immunity versus reproduction. Parasite-mediated selection of MHC genes, the role of MHC in sexual selection.

Literature

required literature
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

recommended literature
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

The course is not taught in Autumn 2013

Extent and Intensity

2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 10 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Evolutionary ecology is the study of the selective pressures imposed on organisms by the environment and the evolutionary responses to these pressures. The main aim of the lecture „Evolutionary ecology“ is to analyze the biology of species from the view of evolutionary biology and ecology.

Syllabus

• 1. Darwin’s biology – ecology and evolution, evolutionary trees. Variability, the cause and evolutionary significance of the variability. 2. Mechanisms of evolutions – natural selection, molecular evolution, adaptation, phenotypic plasticity, speciation and extinction 3. Ecological and biogeographical aspects of evolutionary changes. 4. Evolution and ecology of biodiversity. Diversification. 5. Physical ecology of organisms – effect of temperature and light on organismal function, adaptation of organisms, size and shape of organisms – effect on organismal structure and function, allometric methods. How do organisms work? – mechanisms of regulation, osmoregulation, metabolism and substance transport. Evolution of physical systems of organisms. 6. Evolution of life history traits – theory of energy allocation based on trade-off, fitness and life traits, age and size in maturity, size and number of offspring, evolution of aging, life cycles, sex ratio and allocation in sex, ecological specialization and generalization 7. Phylogenies and their application in evolutionary ecology. Principles of macroevolution – phylogenetic tree, comparative analysis, methods of phylogenetically independent contrasts. Integrating micro- and macroevolution – coevolution, human evolution – history and diseases, selection and virulence. 8. Intraspecies interactions in evolutionary ecology. Evolution and ecology of sexual behavior (sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating strategies, social evolution. Behavioral ecology and speciation. 9. Feeding behavior, evolutionary ecology of movement. 10. Interspecies interaction in evolutionary ecology. Evolution of ecological niche. Numerical and functional response to competition, evolutionary restriction of niche, species coexistence. 11. Evolution and ecology of sex – mating strategies, role of sexual ornamentation in sexual selection, handicap hypothesis, immunocompetence handicap hypothesis, sperm protection hypothesis, coexistence of sexual and asexual reproduction, Red Queen hypothesis. 12. Parasites in evolutionary ecology – evolution of ecological characters of parasites, origin of parasitism, speciation and diversification of parasites, parasite strategies to exploit their hosts, parasite aggregation – ecological cause and evolutionary consequences 13. Immunity in evolutionary ecology. Immune genes and investment in immunity. Immunity versus reproduction. Parasite-mediated selection of MHC genes, the role of MHC in sexual selection.

Literature

required literature
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

recommended literature
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

The course is not taught in Autumn 2012

Extent and Intensity

2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Supplier department: Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 10 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Evolutionary ecology is the study of the selective pressures imposed on organisms by the environment and the evolutionary responses to these pressures. The main aim of the lecture „Evolutionary ecology“ is to analyze the biology of species from the view of evolutionary biology and ecology.

Syllabus

• 1. Darwin’s biology – ecology and evolution, evolutionary trees. Variability, the cause and evolutionary significance of the variability. 2. Mechanisms of evolutions – natural selection, molecular evolution, adaptation, phenotypic plasticity, speciation and extinction 3. Ecological and biogeographical aspects of evolutionary changes. 4. Evolution and ecology of biodiversity. Diversification. 5. Physical ecology of organisms – effect of temperature and light on organismal function, adaptation of organisms, size and shape of organisms – effect on organismal structure and function, allometric methods. How do organisms work? – mechanisms of regulation, osmoregulation, metabolism and substance transport. Evolution of physical systems of organisms. 6. Evolution of life history traits – theory of energy allocation based on trade-off, fitness and life traits, age and size in maturity, size and number of offspring, evolution of aging, life cycles, sex ratio and allocation in sex, ecological specialization and generalization 7. Phylogenies and their application in evolutionary ecology. Principles of macroevolution – phylogenetic tree, comparative analysis, methods of phylogenetically independent contrasts. Integrating micro- and macroevolution – coevolution, human evolution – history and diseases, selection and virulence. 8. Intraspecies interactions in evolutionary ecology. Evolution and ecology of sexual behavior (sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating strategies, social evolution. Behavioral ecology and speciation. 9. Feeding behavior, evolutionary ecology of movement. 10. Interspecies interaction in evolutionary ecology. Evolution of ecological niche. Numerical and functional response to competition, evolutionary restriction of niche, species coexistence. 11. Evolution and ecology of sex – mating strategies, role of sexual ornamentation in sexual selection, handicap hypothesis, immunocompetence handicap hypothesis, sperm protection hypothesis, coexistence of sexual and asexual reproduction, Red Queen hypothesis. 12. Parasites in evolutionary ecology – evolution of ecological characters of parasites, origin of parasitism, speciation and diversification of parasites, parasite strategies to exploit their hosts, parasite aggregation – ecological cause and evolutionary consequences 13. Immunity in evolutionary ecology. Immune genes and investment in immunity. Immunity versus reproduction. Parasite-mediated selection of MHC genes, the role of MHC in sexual selection.

Literature

required literature
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

recommended literature
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

The course is not taught in Autumn 2011

Extent and Intensity

2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 10 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives (in Czech)

Evoluční ekologie představuje studium selektivních tlaků kladených prostředím na organismy a evolučních odpovědí k těmto tlakům. Centrálním tématem kurzu „Evoluční ekologie“ je analýza biologie druhů z pohledu evoluční biologie a ekologie.

Syllabus (in Czech)

• 1. Darwinova biologie – ekologie a evoluce, evoluční stromy. Variabilita, její příčiny a evoluční význam variability. 2. Mechanizmy evoluce – přírodní selekce, molekulárni evoluce, adaptace, fenotypická plasticita, speciace a extinkce 3. Ekologické a biogeografické aspekty evolučních změn. 4. Evoluce a ekologie biodiverzity. Diverzifikace. 5. Fyzikální ekologie organizmů – vliv těploty a světla na funkce organizmů, adaptace organizmů, velikost a tvar organizmů – vliv na strukturu a funkci organizmů, alometrické metody. Jak organizmy pracují? – mechanizmy regulace, osmoregulace, látkové výměny a transportu látek. Evoluce fyzikálních systému organizmů, 6. Evoluce hlavních složek životních historií – teorie alokace energie na principu kompromisů, fitnesss a životní složky, vek a velikost v období pohlavní zralosti, velikost a počet potomků, evoluce stárnutí, životní cykly, poměry pohlaví a sexuální alokace, ekologická specializace a generalizace. 7. Fylogeneze a její aplikace v evolučně-ekologických studiích. Princípy makroevoluce -fylogenetický strom, komparativní metody, metoda fylogeneticky nezávislých kontrastů. Integrace micro- a makroevoluce – koevoluce, evoluce člověka – historie ovlivňující onemocnění, selekce a virulence. 8. Vnitrodruhové interakce z pohledu evolučně-ekologického. Evoluce a ekologie pohlavní chování (sexuální selekce, sexuální konflikt, strategie párování, sociální evoluce). Behaviorální ekologie a speciace. 9. Potravní chování, evoluční ekologie pohybu. 10. Mezidruhové interakce z pohledu evolučně-ekologického. Evoluce ekologické niky. Numerická a funkční odpověď kompetice, evoluční restrikce niky, koexistence druhů. 11. Evoluce a ekologie sexu – strategie rozmnožování, role sexuální ornamentace v sexuální selekci, hypotéze handicapu, hypotéze handicapu imunokompetence, hypotéze ochrany spermii, koexistence pohlavního a nepohlavního rozmnožování, Červená královna. 12. Parazitizmus v evoluční ekologii - evoluce ekologických charakterů parazitů, původ parazitizmu, speciace a diverzifikace parazitů, strategie využívaní hostitele, agregace parazitů - ekologické příčiny a evoluční následky 13. Imunita z pohledu evolučně-ekologického. Imunitní geny a investice do imunity. Imunita versus reprodukce. Parazity zprostředkovaná selekce MHC genů, role MHC v sexuální selekci.

Literature

• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. 2., oprav. a rozšíř. vyd. Praha: Academia, 2009, 569 s. ISBN 9788020017673. info

Language of instruction

Czech

Further comments (probably available only in Czech)

The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

Bi7004 Evolutionary Ecology

The information about the term Autumn 2011 - acreditation is not made public

Extent and Intensity

2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.
Department of Botany and Zoology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Andrea Vetešníková Šimková, PhD.

Prerequisites (in Czech)

Bi6340 Ekologie společ. a makroekol. && Bi8150 Evoluční biologie

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 6 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Evolutionary ecology is the study of the selective pressures imposed on organisms by the environment and the evolutionary responses to these pressures. The main aim of the lecture „Evolutionary ecology“ is to analyze the biology of species from the view of evolutionary biology and ecology.

Syllabus

• 1. Darwin’s biology – ecology and evolution, evolutionary trees. Variability, the cause and evolutionary significance of the variability. 2. Mechanisms of evolutions – natural selection, molecular evolution, adaptation, phenotypic plasticity, speciation and extinction 3. Ecological and biogeographical aspects of evolutionary changes. 4. Evolution and ecology of biodiversity. Diversification. 5. Physical ecology of organisms – effect of temperature and light on organismal function, adaptation of organisms, size and shape of organisms – effect on organismal structure and function, allometric methods. How do organisms work? – mechanisms of regulation, osmoregulation, metabolism and substance transport. Evolution of physical systems of organisms. 6. Evolution of life history traits – theory of energy allocation based on trade-off, fitness and life traits, age and size in maturity, size and number of offspring, evolution of aging, life cycles, sex ratio and allocation in sex, ecological specialization and generalization 7. Phylogenies and their application in evolutionary ecology. Principles of macroevolution – phylogenetic tree, comparative analysis, methods of phylogenetically independent contrasts. Integrating micro- and macroevolution – coevolution, human evolution – history and diseases, selection and virulence. 8. Intraspecies interactions in evolutionary ecology. Evolution and ecology of sexual behavior (sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating strategies, social evolution. Behavioral ecology and speciation. 9. Feeding behavior, evolutionary ecology of movement. 10. Interspecies interaction in evolutionary ecology. Evolution of ecological niche. Numerical and functional response to competition, evolutionary restriction of niche, species coexistence. 11. Evolution and ecology of sex – mating strategies, role of sexual ornamentation in sexual selection, handicap hypothesis, immunocompetence handicap hypothesis, sperm protection hypothesis, coexistence of sexual and asexual reproduction, Red Queen hypothesis. 12. Parasites in evolutionary ecology – evolution of ecological characters of parasites, origin of parasitism, speciation and diversification of parasites, parasite strategies to exploit their hosts, parasite aggregation – ecological cause and evolutionary consequences 13. Immunity in evolutionary ecology. Immune genes and investment in immunity. Immunity versus reproduction. Parasite-mediated selection of MHC genes, the role of MHC in sexual selection.

Literature

required literature
• FLEGR, Jaroslav. Evoluční biologie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 2005, 559 s. ISBN 8020012702. info

recommended literature
• Moya A., Font E. 2004. Evolution, from molecules to ecosystems - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Westneat D. F., Fox C. W. 2010. Evolutionary behavioral ecology - Oxford university press, Oxford.
• Gotelli N. J. 1998. A Primer of Ecology, second edition - Sinauer Associates, Inc.
• Fox C. W., Rolf D. A., Fairbain D.J. 2001. Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. Oxford University Press.
• Stearns S. C. , Hoekstra R. F. 2005. Evolution, an introduction, second edition - Oxford university Press, Oxford
• Rose M. R., Mueller L. D. 2006. Evolution and ecology of the organism. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
• Bell G. 2008. Selection, the mechanism of evolution, second edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• POULIN, Robert. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. 2nd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007, x, 332. ISBN 9780691120850. info

Teaching methods

lectures

Assessment methods

oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

• Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2024, recent)