Course Information

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
In-person direct teaching

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 10:00–10:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Learning outcomes

After accomplishing the course students will be able:
- to understand and explain principles of the separation methods frequently used in organic chemistry in particular (e.g. GC, LC, HPLC, TLC and their modifications, crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction and electromigration methods);
- to choose appropriate separation method for solution of common analytical or preparative problems;
- to apply the knowledge obtained for setting basic parameters of the mentioned methods for development of simple procedures for sample separation.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Tue 11:00–11:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Learning outcomes

After accomplishing the course students will be able:
- to understand and explain principles of the separation methods frequently used in organic chemistry in particular (e.g. GC, LC, HPLC, TLC and their modifications, crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction and electromigration methods);
- to choose appropriate separation method for solution of common analytical or preparative problems;
- to apply the knowledge obtained for setting basic parameters of the mentioned methods for development of simple procedures for sample separation.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Tue 13:00–13:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Learning outcomes

After accomplishing the course students will be able:
- to understand and explain principles of the separation methods frequently used in organic chemistry in particular (e.g. GC, LC, HPLC, TLC and their modifications, crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction and electromigration methods);
- to choose appropriate separation method for solution of common analytical or preparative problems;
- to apply the knowledge obtained for setting basic parameters of the mentioned methods for development of simple procedures for sample separation.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Tue 14:00–14:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Learning outcomes

After accomplishing the course students will be able:
- to understand and explain principles of the separation methods frequently used in organic chemistry in particular (e.g. GC, LC, HPLC, TLC and their modifications, crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction and electromigration methods);
- to choose appropriate separation method for solution of common analytical or preparative problems;
- to apply the knowledge obtained for setting basic parameters of the mentioned methods for development of simple procedures for sample separation.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 14:00–14:50 prace doma

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Learning outcomes

After accomplishing the course students will be able:
- to understand and explain principles of the separation methods frequently used in organic chemistry in particular (e.g. GC, LC, HPLC, TLC and their modifications, crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction and electromigration methods);
- to choose appropriate separation method for solution of common analytical or preparative problems;
- to apply the knowledge obtained for setting basic parameters of the mentioned methods for development of simple procedures for sample separation.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 9:00–9:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Learning outcomes

After accomplishing the course students will be able:
- to understand and explain principles of the separation methods frequently used in organic chemistry in particular (e.g. GC, LC, HPLC, TLC and their modifications, crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction and electromigration methods);
- to choose appropriate separation method for solution of common analytical or preparative problems;
- to apply the knowledge obtained for setting basic parameters of the mentioned methods for development of simple procedures for sample separation.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 17. 9. to Fri 14. 12. Tue 16:00–16:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 18. 9. to Fri 15. 12. Tue 16:00–16:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 19. 9. to Sun 18. 12. Tue 16:00–16:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Tue 12:00–12:50 B11/235

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Tue 11:00–11:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 11:00–11:50 B11/235

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 11:00–11:50 B11/205

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 13:00–13:50 B11/205

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 10:00–10:50 B11/235

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Mon 11:00–11:50 B09/316

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 15:00–15:50 B09/316

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Assessment methods

lecture with oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 14:00–14:50 A08/309

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus (in Czech)

• 1. Chromatografické metody. Úvod, základní teorie a pojmy. Klasifikace chromatografických systémů a postupů. Základní teoretické modely popisující chromatografii. Retenční rovnice, teoretické patro, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost, eluční poměr a rozlisení.
• 2. Plynová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Van Deemterova rovnice.Technika GC. Blokové schema plynového chromatografu. Nosný plyn, techniky dávkování vzorku, náplňové a kapilární chromatografické kolony, stacionární fáze, enantioselektivní kolony.
• 3. Plynová chromatografie. Hlavní metody detekce pouzívané v GC. Plamenově ionizační detektor (FID), tepelně vodivostní detekce (TCD), elektronový záchyt (ECD), spojení GC s hmotnostní spektrometrem (GC-MS).
• 4. Plynová chromatografie. Kvalitativní analýza, identifikace z elučních údajů, eluční závislosti (Kovatsovy indexy), selektivní detektory. Kvantitavní analýza, faktory ovlivňující přesnost kvantitativní analýzy, metody kalibrace.
• 5. Kapalinová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Chromatografie na sloupci, flash chromatografie - základy techniky, příprava kolon, detekce, stacionární fáze. Planární chromatografie. Papírová chromatografie, tenkovrstvá chromatografie.
• 6. Vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie (HPLC). Blokové schema HPLC. Mobilní fáze, čerpadla, odplynění, gradient mobilní fáze. Dávkování vzorku. Kolony pro HPLC, stacionární fáze, výběr kolony, enantioselektivní fáze. Detektory pro HPLC, UV-VIS a fluorescenční detektor, refraktometr, ELSD, polarimetrická detekce.
• ) 7. Iontová, gelová a afinitní chromatografie. Klasifikace ionexů a jejich vlastnosti - selektivita ionexů. Rovnováhy při výměně iontů. Chelatační sorbenty. Vylučovací kapalinová chromatografie (GPC, SEC), retence v SEC, stacionární fáze - anorganické a organické gely. Biospecifická afinitní chromatografie - retence, bioafinitní sorbenty a podmínky chromatografie.
• 8. Příprava vzorku pro chromatografickou analýzu. Problém získání reprezentativního vzorku. Isolační a koncentrační techniky. Derivatizační metody v GC a HPLC.
• 9. Extrakční metody. Rovnováhy mezi dvěma kapalnými fázemi. Extrakce a roztřepávání. Superkritická extrakce. Voolba a vlastnosti superkritických mobilních fází. Příklady aplikací.
• 10. Destilace. Obecné principy. Prostá desilace. Rektifikace, pojem teoretického patra, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost kolon, typy destilačních kolon. Destilace za snízeného tlaku, molekulová destilace, destilace s vodní parou, azeotropní destilace, extrakční destilace.
• 11. Krystalizace. Vymezení pojmu. Krystalizace z roztoku, vznik krystalizačních center a růst krystalu. Krystalizace z taveniny, zónové tavení. Krystalizační metody dělení enantiomerů, racemická sloučenina, racemát. Přímá krystalizace a dělení přes diastereomerní sloučeniny.
• 12. Membránové separační procesy. Membránové procesy v gradientu chemického potenciálu, dialýza, osmóza. Procesy v gradientu elektrického potenciálu, elektrodialýza, elektroosmóza. Procesy v gradientu tlaku, reversní osmóza, ultrafiltrace.
• 13. Elektroforetické metody. Základní pojmy, pohyblivost iontů, transportní děje. Doprovodné děje při elektroforetické separaci. Volná elektroforéza, Kapilární zónová elektroforéza, izotachoforéza.
• 14. Další separační metody. Sublimace. Vymezení pojmu. Různé techniky sublimace, gradientová sublimace, mrazová sublimace - lyofilizace. Sedimentační metody. Základní pojmy, sedimentační analýza.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Assessment methods (in Czech)

Přednáška zakončená ústní zkouškou, popřípadě kolokviem.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Thu 9:00–9:50 03021

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus (in Czech)

• 1. Chromatografické metody. Úvod, základní teorie a pojmy. Klasifikace chromatografických systémů a postupů. Základní teoretické modely popisující chromatografii. Retenční rovnice, teoretické patro, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost, eluční poměr a rozlisení.
• 2. Plynová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Van Deemterova rovnice.Technika GC. Blokové schema plynového chromatografu. Nosný plyn, techniky dávkování vzorku, náplňové a kapilární chromatografické kolony, stacionární fáze, enantioselektivní kolony.
• 3. Plynová chromatografie. Hlavní metody detekce pouzívané v GC. Plamenově ionizační detektor (FID), tepelně vodivostní detekce (TCD), elektronový záchyt (ECD), spojení GC s hmotnostní spektrometrem (GC-MS).
• 4. Plynová chromatografie. Kvalitativní analýza, identifikace z elučních údajů, eluční závislosti (Kovatsovy indexy), selektivní detektory. Kvantitavní analýza, faktory ovlivňující přesnost kvantitativní analýzy, metody kalibrace.
• 5. Kapalinová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Chromatografie na sloupci, flash chromatografie - základy techniky, příprava kolon, detekce, stacionární fáze. Planární chromatografie. Papírová chromatografie, tenkovrstvá chromatografie.
• 6. Vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie (HPLC). Blokové schema HPLC. Mobilní fáze, čerpadla, odplynění, gradient mobilní fáze. Dávkování vzorku. Kolony pro HPLC, stacionární fáze, výběr kolony, enantioselektivní fáze. Detektory pro HPLC, UV-VIS a fluorescenční detektor, refraktometr, ELSD, polarimetrická detekce.
• ) 7. Iontová, gelová a afinitní chromatografie. Klasifikace ionexů a jejich vlastnosti - selektivita ionexů. Rovnováhy při výměně iontů. Chelatační sorbenty. Vylučovací kapalinová chromatografie (GPC, SEC), retence v SEC, stacionární fáze - anorganické a organické gely. Biospecifická afinitní chromatografie - retence, bioafinitní sorbenty a podmínky chromatografie.
• 8. Příprava vzorku pro chromatografickou analýzu. Problém získání reprezentativního vzorku. Isolační a koncentrační techniky. Derivatizační metody v GC a HPLC.
• 9. Extrakční metody. Rovnováhy mezi dvěma kapalnými fázemi. Extrakce a roztřepávání. Superkritická extrakce. Voolba a vlastnosti superkritických mobilních fází. Příklady aplikací.
• 10. Destilace. Obecné principy. Prostá desilace. Rektifikace, pojem teoretického patra, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost kolon, typy destilačních kolon. Destilace za snízeného tlaku, molekulová destilace, destilace s vodní parou, azeotropní destilace, extrakční destilace.
• 11. Krystalizace. Vymezení pojmu. Krystalizace z roztoku, vznik krystalizačních center a růst krystalu. Krystalizace z taveniny, zónové tavení. Krystalizační metody dělení enantiomerů, racemická sloučenina, racemát. Přímá krystalizace a dělení přes diastereomerní sloučeniny.
• 12. Membránové separační procesy. Membránové procesy v gradientu chemického potenciálu, dialýza, osmóza. Procesy v gradientu elektrického potenciálu, elektrodialýza, elektroosmóza. Procesy v gradientu tlaku, reversní osmóza, ultrafiltrace.
• 13. Elektroforetické metody. Základní pojmy, pohyblivost iontů, transportní děje. Doprovodné děje při elektroforetické separaci. Volná elektroforéza, Kapilární zónová elektroforéza, izotachoforéza.
• 14. Další separační metody. Sublimace. Vymezení pojmu. Různé techniky sublimace, gradientová sublimace, mrazová sublimace - lyofilizace. Sedimentační metody. Základní pojmy, sedimentační analýza.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Assessment methods (in Czech)

Přednáška zakončená ústní zkouškou, popřípadě kolokviem.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 16:00–16:50 03021

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus (in Czech)

• 1. Chromatografické metody. Úvod, základní teorie a pojmy. Klasifikace chromatografických systémů a postupů. Základní teoretické modely popisující chromatografii. Retenční rovnice, teoretické patro, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost, eluční poměr a rozlisení.
• 2. Plynová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Van Deemterova rovnice.Technika GC. Blokové schema plynového chromatografu. Nosný plyn, techniky dávkování vzorku, náplňové a kapilární chromatografické kolony, stacionární fáze, enantioselektivní kolony.
• 3. Plynová chromatografie. Hlavní metody detekce pouzívané v GC. Plamenově ionizační detektor (FID), tepelně vodivostní detekce (TCD), elektronový záchyt (ECD), spojení GC s hmotnostní spektrometrem (GC-MS).
• 4. Plynová chromatografie. Kvalitativní analýza, identifikace z elučních údajů, eluční závislosti (Kovatsovy indexy), selektivní detektory. Kvantitavní analýza, faktory ovlivňující přesnost kvantitativní analýzy, metody kalibrace.
• 5. Kapalinová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Chromatografie na sloupci, flash chromatografie - základy techniky, příprava kolon, detekce, stacionární fáze. Planární chromatografie. Papírová chromatografie, tenkovrstvá chromatografie.
• 6. Vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie (HPLC). Blokové schema HPLC. Mobilní fáze, čerpadla, odplynění, gradient mobilní fáze. Dávkování vzorku. Kolony pro HPLC, stacionární fáze, výběr kolony, enantioselektivní fáze. Detektory pro HPLC, UV-VIS a fluorescenční detektor, refraktometr, ELSD, polarimetrická detekce.
• ) 7. Iontová, gelová a afinitní chromatografie. Klasifikace ionexů a jejich vlastnosti - selektivita ionexů. Rovnováhy při výměně iontů. Chelatační sorbenty. Vylučovací kapalinová chromatografie (GPC, SEC), retence v SEC, stacionární fáze - anorganické a organické gely. Biospecifická afinitní chromatografie - retence, bioafinitní sorbenty a podmínky chromatografie.
• 8. Příprava vzorku pro chromatografickou analýzu. Problém získání reprezentativního vzorku. Isolační a koncentrační techniky. Derivatizační metody v GC a HPLC.
• 9. Extrakční metody. Rovnováhy mezi dvěma kapalnými fázemi. Extrakce a roztřepávání. Superkritická extrakce. Voolba a vlastnosti superkritických mobilních fází. Příklady aplikací.
• 10. Destilace. Obecné principy. Prostá desilace. Rektifikace, pojem teoretického patra, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost kolon, typy destilačních kolon. Destilace za snízeného tlaku, molekulová destilace, destilace s vodní parou, azeotropní destilace, extrakční destilace.
• 11. Krystalizace. Vymezení pojmu. Krystalizace z roztoku, vznik krystalizačních center a růst krystalu. Krystalizace z taveniny, zónové tavení. Krystalizační metody dělení enantiomerů, racemická sloučenina, racemát. Přímá krystalizace a dělení přes diastereomerní sloučeniny.
• 12. Membránové separační procesy. Membránové procesy v gradientu chemického potenciálu, dialýza, osmóza. Procesy v gradientu elektrického potenciálu, elektrodialýza, elektroosmóza. Procesy v gradientu tlaku, reversní osmóza, ultrafiltrace.
• 13. Elektroforetické metody. Základní pojmy, pohyblivost iontů, transportní děje. Doprovodné děje při elektroforetické separaci. Volná elektroforéza, Kapilární zónová elektroforéza, izotachoforéza.
• 14. Další separační metody. Sublimace. Vymezení pojmu. Různé techniky sublimace, gradientová sublimace, mrazová sublimace - lyofilizace. Sedimentační metody. Základní pojmy, sedimentační analýza.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Assessment methods (in Czech)

Přednáška zakončená ústní zkouškou, popřípadě kolokviem.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Timetable

Wed 15:00–15:50 03021

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus (in Czech)

• 1. Chromatografické metody. Úvod, základní teorie a pojmy. Klasifikace chromatografických systémů a postupů. Základní teoretické modely popisující chromatografii. Retenční rovnice, teoretické patro, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost, eluční poměr a rozlisení.
• 2. Plynová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Van Deemterova rovnice.Technika GC. Blokové schema plynového chromatografu. Nosný plyn, techniky dávkování vzorku, náplňové a kapilární chromatografické kolony, stacionární fáze, enantioselektivní kolony.
• 3. Plynová chromatografie. Hlavní metody detekce pouzívané v GC. Plamenově ionizační detektor (FID), tepelně vodivostní detekce (TCD), elektronový záchyt (ECD), spojení GC s hmotnostní spektrometrem (GC-MS).
• 4. Plynová chromatografie. Kvalitativní analýza, identifikace z elučních údajů, eluční závislosti (Kovatsovy indexy), selektivní detektory. Kvantitavní analýza, faktory ovlivňující přesnost kvantitativní analýzy, metody kalibrace.
• 5. Kapalinová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Chromatografie na sloupci, flash chromatografie - základy techniky, příprava kolon, detekce, stacionární fáze. Planární chromatografie. Papírová chromatografie, tenkovrstvá chromatografie.
• 6. Vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie (HPLC). Blokové schema HPLC. Mobilní fáze, čerpadla, odplynění, gradient mobilní fáze. Dávkování vzorku. Kolony pro HPLC, stacionární fáze, výběr kolony, enantioselektivní fáze. Detektory pro HPLC, UV-VIS a fluorescenční detektor, refraktometr, ELSD, polarimetrická detekce.
• ) 7. Iontová, gelová a afinitní chromatografie. Klasifikace ionexů a jejich vlastnosti - selektivita ionexů. Rovnováhy při výměně iontů. Chelatační sorbenty. Vylučovací kapalinová chromatografie (GPC, SEC), retence v SEC, stacionární fáze - anorganické a organické gely. Biospecifická afinitní chromatografie - retence, bioafinitní sorbenty a podmínky chromatografie.
• 8. Příprava vzorku pro chromatografickou analýzu. Problém získání reprezentativního vzorku. Isolační a koncentrační techniky. Derivatizační metody v GC a HPLC.
• 9. Extrakční metody. Rovnováhy mezi dvěma kapalnými fázemi. Extrakce a roztřepávání. Superkritická extrakce. Voolba a vlastnosti superkritických mobilních fází. Příklady aplikací.
• 10. Destilace. Obecné principy. Prostá desilace. Rektifikace, pojem teoretického patra, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost kolon, typy destilačních kolon. Destilace za snízeného tlaku, molekulová destilace, destilace s vodní parou, azeotropní destilace, extrakční destilace.
• 11. Krystalizace. Vymezení pojmu. Krystalizace z roztoku, vznik krystalizačních center a růst krystalu. Krystalizace z taveniny, zónové tavení. Krystalizační metody dělení enantiomerů, racemická sloučenina, racemát. Přímá krystalizace a dělení přes diastereomerní sloučeniny.
• 12. Membránové separační procesy. Membránové procesy v gradientu chemického potenciálu, dialýza, osmóza. Procesy v gradientu elektrického potenciálu, elektrodialýza, elektroosmóza. Procesy v gradientu tlaku, reversní osmóza, ultrafiltrace.
• 13. Elektroforetické metody. Základní pojmy, pohyblivost iontů, transportní děje. Doprovodné děje při elektroforetické separaci. Volná elektroforéza, Kapilární zónová elektroforéza, izotachoforéza.
• 14. Další separační metody. Sublimace. Vymezení pojmu. Různé techniky sublimace, gradientová sublimace, mrazová sublimace - lyofilizace. Sedimentační metody. Základní pojmy, sedimentační analýza.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Assessment methods (in Czech)

Přednáška zakončená ústní zkouškou, popřípadě kolokviem.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus (in Czech)

• 1. Chromatografické metody. Úvod, základní teorie a pojmy. Klasifikace chromatografických systémů a postupů. Základní teoretické modely popisující chromatografii. Retenční rovnice, teoretické patro, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost, eluční poměr a rozlisení.
• 2. Plynová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Van Deemterova rovnice.Technika GC. Blokové schema plynového chromatografu. Nosný plyn, techniky dávkování vzorku, náplňové a kapilární chromatografické kolony, stacionární fáze, enantioselektivní kolony.
• 3. Plynová chromatografie. Hlavní metody detekce pouzívané v GC. Plamenově ionizační detektor (FID), tepelně vodivostní detekce (TCD), elektronový záchyt (ECD), spojení GC s hmotnostní spektrometrem (GC-MS).
• 4. Plynová chromatografie. Kvalitativní analýza, identifikace z elučních údajů, eluční závislosti (Kovatsovy indexy), selektivní detektory. Kvantitavní analýza, faktory ovlivňující přesnost kvantitativní analýzy, metody kalibrace.
• 5. Kapalinová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Chromatografie na sloupci, flash chromatografie - základy techniky, příprava kolon, detekce, stacionární fáze. Planární chromatografie. Papírová chromatografie, tenkovrstvá chromatografie.
• 6. Vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie (HPLC). Blokové schema HPLC. Mobilní fáze, čerpadla, odplynění, gradient mobilní fáze. Dávkování vzorku. Kolony pro HPLC, stacionární fáze, výběr kolony, enantioselektivní fáze. Detektory pro HPLC, UV-VIS a fluorescenční detektor, refraktometr, ELSD, polarimetrická detekce.
• ) 7. Iontová, gelová a afinitní chromatografie. Klasifikace ionexů a jejich vlastnosti - selektivita ionexů. Rovnováhy při výměně iontů. Chelatační sorbenty. Vylučovací kapalinová chromatografie (GPC, SEC), retence v SEC, stacionární fáze - anorganické a organické gely. Biospecifická afinitní chromatografie - retence, bioafinitní sorbenty a podmínky chromatografie.
• 8. Příprava vzorku pro chromatografickou analýzu. Problém získání reprezentativního vzorku. Isolační a koncentrační techniky. Derivatizační metody v GC a HPLC.
• 9. Extrakční metody. Rovnováhy mezi dvěma kapalnými fázemi. Extrakce a roztřepávání. Superkritická extrakce. Voolba a vlastnosti superkritických mobilních fází. Příklady aplikací.
• 10. Destilace. Obecné principy. Prostá desilace. Rektifikace, pojem teoretického patra, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost kolon, typy destilačních kolon. Destilace za snízeného tlaku, molekulová destilace, destilace s vodní parou, azeotropní destilace, extrakční destilace.
• 11. Krystalizace. Vymezení pojmu. Krystalizace z roztoku, vznik krystalizačních center a růst krystalu. Krystalizace z taveniny, zónové tavení. Krystalizační metody dělení enantiomerů, racemická sloučenina, racemát. Přímá krystalizace a dělení přes diastereomerní sloučeniny.
• 12. Membránové separační procesy. Membránové procesy v gradientu chemického potenciálu, dialýza, osmóza. Procesy v gradientu elektrického potenciálu, elektrodialýza, elektroosmóza. Procesy v gradientu tlaku, reversní osmóza, ultrafiltrace.
• 13. Elektroforetické metody. Základní pojmy, pohyblivost iontů, transportní děje. Doprovodné děje při elektroforetické separaci. Volná elektroforéza, Kapilární zónová elektroforéza, izotachoforéza.
• 14. Další separační metody. Sublimace. Vymezení pojmu. Různé techniky sublimace, gradientová sublimace, mrazová sublimace - lyofilizace. Sedimentační metody. Základní pojmy, sedimentační analýza.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Assessment methods (in Czech)

Přednáška zakončená ústní zkouškou, popřípadě kolokviem.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus (in Czech)

• 1. Chromatografické metody. Úvod, základní teorie a pojmy. Klasifikace chromatografických systémů a postupů. Základní teoretické modely popisující chromatografii. Retenční rovnice, teoretické patro, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost, eluční poměr a rozlisení.
• 2. Plynová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Van Deemterova rovnice.Technika GC. Blokové schema plynového chromatografu. Nosný plyn, techniky dávkování vzorku, náplňové a kapilární chromatografické kolony, stacionární fáze, enantioselektivní kolony.
• 3. Plynová chromatografie. Hlavní metody detekce pouzívané v GC. Plamenově ionizační detektor (FID), tepelně vodivostní detekce (TCD), elektronový záchyt (ECD), spojení GC s hmotnostní spektrometrem (GC-MS).
• 4. Plynová chromatografie. Kvalitativní analýza, identifikace z elučních údajů, eluční závislosti (Kovatsovy indexy), selektivní detektory. Kvantitavní analýza, faktory ovlivňující přesnost kvantitativní analýzy, metody kalibrace.
• 5. Kapalinová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Chromatografie na sloupci, flash chromatografie - základy techniky, příprava kolon, detekce, stacionární fáze. Planární chromatografie. Papírová chromatografie, tenkovrstvá chromatografie.
• 6. Vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie (HPLC). Blokové schema HPLC. Mobilní fáze, čerpadla, odplynění, gradient mobilní fáze. Dávkování vzorku. Kolony pro HPLC, stacionární fáze, výběr kolony, enantioselektivní fáze. Detektory pro HPLC, UV-VIS a fluorescenční detektor, refraktometr, ELSD, polarimetrická detekce.
• ) 7. Iontová, gelová a afinitní chromatografie. Klasifikace ionexů a jejich vlastnosti - selektivita ionexů. Rovnováhy při výměně iontů. Chelatační sorbenty. Vylučovací kapalinová chromatografie (GPC, SEC), retence v SEC, stacionární fáze - anorganické a organické gely. Biospecifická afinitní chromatografie - retence, bioafinitní sorbenty a podmínky chromatografie.
• 8. Příprava vzorku pro chromatografickou analýzu. Problém získání reprezentativního vzorku. Isolační a koncentrační techniky. Derivatizační metody v GC a HPLC.
• 9. Extrakční metody. Rovnováhy mezi dvěma kapalnými fázemi. Extrakce a roztřepávání. Superkritická extrakce. Voolba a vlastnosti superkritických mobilních fází. Příklady aplikací.
• 10. Destilace. Obecné principy. Prostá desilace. Rektifikace, pojem teoretického patra, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost kolon, typy destilačních kolon. Destilace za snízeného tlaku, molekulová destilace, destilace s vodní parou, azeotropní destilace, extrakční destilace.
• 11. Krystalizace. Vymezení pojmu. Krystalizace z roztoku, vznik krystalizačních center a růst krystalu. Krystalizace z taveniny, zónové tavení. Krystalizační metody dělení enantiomerů, racemická sloučenina, racemát. Přímá krystalizace a dělení přes diastereomerní sloučeniny.
• 12. Membránové separační procesy. Membránové procesy v gradientu chemického potenciálu, dialýza, osmóza. Procesy v gradientu elektrického potenciálu, elektrodialýza, elektroosmóza. Procesy v gradientu tlaku, reversní osmóza, ultrafiltrace.
• 13. Elektroforetické metody. Základní pojmy, pohyblivost iontů, transportní děje. Doprovodné děje při elektroforetické separaci. Volná elektroforéza, Kapilární zónová elektroforéza, izotachoforéza.
• 14. Další separační metody. Sublimace. Vymezení pojmu. Různé techniky sublimace, gradientová sublimace, mrazová sublimace - lyofilizace. Sedimentační metody. Základní pojmy, sedimentační analýza.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Assessment methods (in Czech)

Přednáška zakončená ústní zkouškou, popřípadě kolokviem.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 2 credit(s). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus (in Czech)

• 1. Chromatografické metody. Úvod, základní teorie a pojmy. Klasifikace chromatografických systémů a postupů. Základní teoretické modely popisující chromatografii. Retenční rovnice, teoretické patro, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost, eluční poměr a rozlisení.
• 2. Plynová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Van Deemterova rovnice.Technika GC. Blokové schema plynového chromatografu. Nosný plyn, techniky dávkování vzorku, náplňové a kapilární chromatografické kolony, stacionární fáze, enantioselektivní kolony.
• 3. Plynová chromatografie. Hlavní metody detekce pouzívané v GC. Plamenově ionizační detektor (FID), tepelně vodivostní detekce (TCD), elektronový záchyt (ECD), spojení GC s hmotnostní spektrometrem (GC-MS).
• 4. Plynová chromatografie. Kvalitativní analýza, identifikace z elučních údajů, eluční závislosti (Kovatsovy indexy), selektivní detektory. Kvantitavní analýza, faktory ovlivňující přesnost kvantitativní analýzy, metody kalibrace.
• 5. Kapalinová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Chromatografie na sloupci, flash chromatografie - základy techniky, příprava kolon, detekce, stacionární fáze. Planární chromatografie. Papírová chromatografie, tenkovrstvá chromatografie.
• 6. Vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie (HPLC). Blokové schema HPLC. Mobilní fáze, čerpadla, odplynění, gradient mobilní fáze. Dávkování vzorku. Kolony pro HPLC, stacionární fáze, výběr kolony, enantioselektivní fáze. Detektory pro HPLC, UV-VIS a fluorescenční detektor, refraktometr, ELSD, polarimetrická detekce.
• 7. Iontová, gelová a afinitní chromatografie. Klasifikace ionexů a jejich vlastnosti - selektivita ionexů. Rovnováhy při výměně iontů. Chelatační sorbenty. Vylučovací kapalinová chromatografie (GPC, SEC), retence v SEC, stacionární fáze - anorganické a organické gely. Biospecifická afinitní chromatografie - retence, bioafinitní sorbenty a podmínky chromatografie.
• 8. Příprava vzorku pro chromatografickou analýzu. Problém získání reprezentativního vzorku. Isolační a koncentrační techniky. Derivatizační metody v GC a HPLC.
• 9. Extrakční metody. Rovnováhy mezi dvěma kapalnými fázemi. Extrakce a roztřepávání. Superkritická extrakce. Voolba a vlastnosti superkritických mobilních fází. Příklady aplikací.
• 10. Destilace. Obecné principy. Prostá desilace. Rektifikace, pojem teoretického patra, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost kolon, typy destilačních kolon. Destilace za snízeného tlaku, molekulová destilace, destilace s vodní parou, azeotropní destilace, extrakční destilace.
• 11. Krystalizace. Vymezení pojmu. Krystalizace z roztoku, vznik krystalizačních center a růst krystalu. Krystalizace z taveniny, zónové tavení. Krystalizační metody dělení enantiomerů, racemická sloučenina, racemát. Přímá krystalizace a dělení přes diastereomerní sloučeniny.
• 12. Membránové separační procesy. Membránové procesy v gradientu chemického potenciálu, dialýza, osmóza. Procesy v gradientu elektrického potenciálu, elektrodialýza, elektroosmóza. Procesy v gradientu tlaku, reversní osmóza, ultrafiltrace.
• 13. Elektroforetické metody. Základní pojmy, pohyblivost iontů, transportní děje. Doprovodné děje při elektroforetické separaci. Volná elektroforéza, Kapilární zónová elektroforéza, izotachoforéza.
• 14. Další separační metody. Sublimace. Vymezení pojmu. Různé techniky sublimace, gradientová sublimace, mrazová sublimace - lyofilizace. Sedimentační metody. Základní pojmy, sedimentační analýza.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 2 credit(s). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• KEIL, Bořivoj. Laboratorní technika organické chemie. Vyd. 2. Praha: Nakladatelství Československé akademie věd, 1963, 946 s. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 2 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Organic Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
• Organic Chemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)

Syllabus

• Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• KEIL, Bořivoj. Laboratorní technika organické chemie. Vyd. 2. Praha: Nakladatelství Československé akademie věd, 1963, 946 s. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

C5440 Separation Methods

The information about the term Autumn 2011 - acreditation is not made public

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus

• 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
• 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
• 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
• 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
• 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
• 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
• 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
• 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
• 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
• 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
• 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
• 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
• 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
• 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

C5440 Separation Methods

Extent and Intensity

1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display

Course objectives

Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods are the main topics of the course; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.

Syllabus (in Czech)

• 1. Chromatografické metody. Úvod, základní teorie a pojmy. Klasifikace chromatografických systémů a postupů. Základní teoretické modely popisující chromatografii. Retenční rovnice, teoretické patro, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost, eluční poměr a rozlisení.
• 2. Plynová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Van Deemterova rovnice.Technika GC. Blokové schema plynového chromatografu. Nosný plyn, techniky dávkování vzorku, náplňové a kapilární chromatografické kolony, stacionární fáze, enantioselektivní kolony.
• 3. Plynová chromatografie. Hlavní metody detekce pouzívané v GC. Plamenově ionizační detektor (FID), tepelně vodivostní detekce (TCD), elektronový záchyt (ECD), spojení GC s hmotnostní spektrometrem (GC-MS).
• 4. Plynová chromatografie. Kvalitativní analýza, identifikace z elučních údajů, eluční závislosti (Kovatsovy indexy), selektivní detektory. Kvantitavní analýza, faktory ovlivňující přesnost kvantitativní analýzy, metody kalibrace.
• 5. Kapalinová chromatografie. Základní pojmy. Chromatografie na sloupci, flash chromatografie - základy techniky, příprava kolon, detekce, stacionární fáze. Planární chromatografie. Papírová chromatografie, tenkovrstvá chromatografie.
• 6. Vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie (HPLC). Blokové schema HPLC. Mobilní fáze, čerpadla, odplynění, gradient mobilní fáze. Dávkování vzorku. Kolony pro HPLC, stacionární fáze, výběr kolony, enantioselektivní fáze. Detektory pro HPLC, UV-VIS a fluorescenční detektor, refraktometr, ELSD, polarimetrická detekce.
• ) 7. Iontová, gelová a afinitní chromatografie. Klasifikace ionexů a jejich vlastnosti - selektivita ionexů. Rovnováhy při výměně iontů. Chelatační sorbenty. Vylučovací kapalinová chromatografie (GPC, SEC), retence v SEC, stacionární fáze - anorganické a organické gely. Biospecifická afinitní chromatografie - retence, bioafinitní sorbenty a podmínky chromatografie.
• 8. Příprava vzorku pro chromatografickou analýzu. Problém získání reprezentativního vzorku. Isolační a koncentrační techniky. Derivatizační metody v GC a HPLC.
• 9. Extrakční metody. Rovnováhy mezi dvěma kapalnými fázemi. Extrakce a roztřepávání. Superkritická extrakce. Voolba a vlastnosti superkritických mobilních fází. Příklady aplikací.
• 10. Destilace. Obecné principy. Prostá desilace. Rektifikace, pojem teoretického patra, faktory ovlivňující separační účinnost kolon, typy destilačních kolon. Destilace za snízeného tlaku, molekulová destilace, destilace s vodní parou, azeotropní destilace, extrakční destilace.
• 11. Krystalizace. Vymezení pojmu. Krystalizace z roztoku, vznik krystalizačních center a růst krystalu. Krystalizace z taveniny, zónové tavení. Krystalizační metody dělení enantiomerů, racemická sloučenina, racemát. Přímá krystalizace a dělení přes diastereomerní sloučeniny.
• 12. Membránové separační procesy. Membránové procesy v gradientu chemického potenciálu, dialýza, osmóza. Procesy v gradientu elektrického potenciálu, elektrodialýza, elektroosmóza. Procesy v gradientu tlaku, reversní osmóza, ultrafiltrace.
• 13. Elektroforetické metody. Základní pojmy, pohyblivost iontů, transportní děje. Doprovodné děje při elektroforetické separaci. Volná elektroforéza, Kapilární zónová elektroforéza, izotachoforéza.
• 14. Další separační metody. Sublimace. Vymezení pojmu. Různé techniky sublimace, gradientová sublimace, mrazová sublimace - lyofilizace. Sedimentační metody. Základní pojmy, sedimentační analýza.

Literature

• SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
• CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
• POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
• Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.

Assessment methods (in Czech)

Přednáška zakončená ústní zkouškou, popřípadě kolokviem.

Language of instruction

Czech

Follow-Up Courses

• C5440p Separation Methods
• C5441 Separation Methods

Further Comments

The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

• Enrolment Statistics (recent)