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@article{1166845,
author = {Fischer, Ronald and Xygalatas, Dimitrios and Mitkidis, Panagiotis and Reddish, Paul and Tok Siew Ling, Penny and Konvalinka, Ivana and Bulbulia, Joseph},
article_location = {San Francisco},
article_number = {2},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088355},
keywords = {social interaction; extreme collective rituals; social anthropology; affective responses},
language = {eng},
issn = {1932-6203},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
title = {The Fire-Walker's High: Affect and Physiological Responses in an Extreme Collective Ritual},
url = {http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0088355},
volume = {9},
year = {2014}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 1166845
AU - Fischer, Ronald - Xygalatas, Dimitrios - Mitkidis, Panagiotis - Reddish, Paul - Tok Siew Ling, Penny - Konvalinka, Ivana - Bulbulia, Joseph
PY - 2014
TI - The Fire-Walker's High: Affect and Physiological Responses in an Extreme Collective Ritual
JF - PLoS ONE
VL - 9
IS - 2
SP - 1-6
EP - 1-6
PB - Public Library of Science
SN - 19326203
KW - social interaction
KW - extreme collective rituals
KW - social anthropology
KW - affective responses
UR - http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0088355
N2 - How do people feel during extreme collective rituals? Despite longstanding speculation, few studies have attempted to quantify ritual experiences. Using a novel pre/post design, we quantified physiological fluctuations (heart rates) and self-reported affective states from a collective fire-walking ritual in a Mauritian Hindu community. Specifically, we compared changes in levels of happiness, fatigue, and heart rate reactivity among high-ordeal participants (fire-walkers), low-ordeal participants (non-fire-walking participants with familial bonds to fire-walkers) and spectators (unrelated/unknown to the fire-walkers). We observed that fire-walkers experienced the highest increase in heart rate and reported greater happiness post-ritual compared to low-ordeal participants and spectators. Low-ordeal participants reported increased fatigue after the ritual compared to both fire-walkers and spectators, suggesting empathetic identification effects. Thus, witnessing the ritualistic suffering of loved ones may be more exhausting than experiencing suffering oneself. The findings demonstrate that the level of ritual involvement is important for shaping affective responses to collective rituals. Enduring a ritual ordeal is associated with greater happiness, whereas observing a loved-one endure a ritual ordeal is associated with greater fatigue post-ritual.
ER -
FISCHER, Ronald, Dimitrios XYGALATAS, Panagiotis MITKIDIS, Paul REDDISH, Penny TOK SIEW LING, Ivana KONVALINKA and Joseph BULBULIA. The Fire-Walker's High: Affect and Physiological Responses in an Extreme Collective Ritual. \textit{PLoS ONE}. San Francisco: Public Library of Science, 2014, vol.~9, No~2, p.~1-6. ISSN~1932-6203. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088355.
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